WO2006038587A1 - 二核金属錯体、金属錯体色素、光電変換素子、及び光化学電池 - Google Patents
二核金属錯体、金属錯体色素、光電変換素子、及び光化学電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006038587A1 WO2006038587A1 PCT/JP2005/018289 JP2005018289W WO2006038587A1 WO 2006038587 A1 WO2006038587 A1 WO 2006038587A1 JP 2005018289 W JP2005018289 W JP 2005018289W WO 2006038587 A1 WO2006038587 A1 WO 2006038587A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal complex
- substituted
- binuclear metal
- unsubstituted
- chemical
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- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 239000000434 metal complex dye Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 37
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 37
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- -1 R 56 Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004768 lowest unoccupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- YQZGQXPHGLAEHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-pyridin-2-ylquinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=N1 YQZGQXPHGLAEHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 5
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GSJBKPNSLRKRNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N $l^{2}-stannanylidenetin Chemical compound [Sn].[Sn] GSJBKPNSLRKRNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 80
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 73
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 60
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 58
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 43
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical group N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 34
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 34
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 33
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 33
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 30
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 28
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 26
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 25
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 21
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 20
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- PNGLEYLFMHGIQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-(n-ethyl-3-methoxyanilino)-2-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonate;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CC(O)CN(CC)C1=CC=CC(OC)=C1 PNGLEYLFMHGIQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 17
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 14
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 13
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 13
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 13
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenanthrene Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000004770 highest occupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Chemical compound [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 150000004685 tetrahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- GSGIQJBJGSKCDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-H hexachlororhenium Chemical compound Cl[Re](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl GSGIQJBJGSKCDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 5
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021637 Rhenium(VI) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005314 correlation function Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 4
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- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SNEMTZZLJPELNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;methanol;methanolate Chemical compound [Li+].OC.[O-]C SNEMTZZLJPELNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WPTCSQBWLUUYDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-quinolin-2-ylquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C3=NC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3)=CC=C21 WPTCSQBWLUUYDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004965 Hartree-Fock calculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005284 basis set Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- QTNLQPHXMVHGBA-UHFFFAOYSA-H hexachlororhodium Chemical compound Cl[Rh](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl QTNLQPHXMVHGBA-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003077 quantum chemistry computational method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-] QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiocyanic acid Chemical compound SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000004684 trihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- MWEXRLZUDANQDZ-RPENNLSWSA-N (2s)-3-hydroxy-n-[11-[4-[4-[4-[11-[[2-[4-[(2r)-2-hydroxypropyl]triazol-1-yl]acetyl]amino]undecanoyl]piperazin-1-yl]-6-[2-[2-(2-prop-2-ynoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethylamino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-11-oxoundecyl]-2-[4-(3-methylsulfanylpropyl)triazol-1-y Chemical compound N1=NC(CCCSC)=CN1[C@@H](CO)C(=O)NCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N1CCN(C=2N=C(N=C(NCCOCCOCCOCC#C)N=2)N2CCN(CC2)C(=O)CCCCCCCCCCNC(=O)CN2N=NC(C[C@@H](C)O)=C2)CC1 MWEXRLZUDANQDZ-RPENNLSWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYPCWHHQAVLMKO-XXKQIVDLSA-N (7s,9s)-7-[(2r,4s,5s,6s)-4-amino-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-6,9,11-trihydroxy-9-[(e)-n-[(1-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-ylidene)amino]-c-methylcarbonimidoyl]-4-methoxy-8,10-dihydro-7h-tetracene-5,12-dione;hydrochloride Chemical group Cl.O([C@H]1C[C@@](O)(CC=2C(O)=C3C(=O)C=4C=CC=C(C=4C(=O)C3=C(O)C=21)OC)C(\C)=N\N=C1CC(C)(C)N(O)C(C)(C)C1)[C@H]1C[C@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)O1 GYPCWHHQAVLMKO-XXKQIVDLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MXLZUALXSYVAIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazol-1-ium Chemical compound CCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1C MXLZUALXSYVAIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISHFYECQSXFODS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1,2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazol-1-ium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1C ISHFYECQSXFODS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JFJNVIPVOCESGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dipyridin-2-ylpyridine Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CN=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 JFJNVIPVOCESGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMISXESAJBVFNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-carboxypyridin-2-yl)pyridine-4-carboxylic acid;ruthenium(2+);diisothiocyanate Chemical compound [Ru+2].[N-]=C=S.[N-]=C=S.OC(=O)C1=CC=NC(C=2N=CC=C(C=2)C(O)=O)=C1.OC(=O)C1=CC=NC(C=2N=CC=C(C=2)C(O)=O)=C1 VMISXESAJBVFNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NNN=N1 MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGQLRTKOZFHKRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J Br[Co](Br)(Br)Br Chemical compound Br[Co](Br)(Br)Br AGQLRTKOZFHKRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGIXMQPVMRCEJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CO.C[O-].[Th+4].C[O-].C[O-].C[O-] Chemical compound CO.C[O-].[Th+4].C[O-].C[O-].C[O-] AGIXMQPVMRCEJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu+ Chemical compound [Cu+] VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N DMF Natural products CC1=CC=C(C)O1 GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910005540 GaP Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Imidazolium Chemical compound C1=C[NH+]=CN1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHABMANUFPZXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-demethyl-aloesaponarin I Natural products O=C1C2=CC=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C MHABMANUFPZXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010034972 Photosensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019169 all-trans-retinol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011717 all-trans-retinol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000380 bismuth sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AQCDIIAORKRFCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium selenide Chemical compound [Cd]=[Se] AQCDIIAORKRFCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000331 cadmium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AOWKSNWVBZGMTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium titanate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O AOWKSNWVBZGMTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- UIPVMGDJUWUZEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;selanylideneindium Chemical compound [Cu].[In]=[Se] UIPVMGDJUWUZEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- BEQZMQXCOWIHRY-UHFFFAOYSA-H dibismuth;trisulfate Chemical compound [Bi+3].[Bi+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BEQZMQXCOWIHRY-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005274 electronic transitions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- HZXMRANICFIONG-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallium phosphide Chemical compound [Ga]#P HZXMRANICFIONG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004687 hexahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZBKFYXZXZJPWNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isothiocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=S ZBKFYXZXZJPWNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001511 metal iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004776 molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002113 octoxynol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002114 octoxynol-9 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- OQURWADGXKZUIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium(4+) Chemical compound [Os+4] OQURWADGXKZUIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002165 photosensitisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003504 photosensitizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UKDIAJWKFXFVFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;oxido(dioxo)niobium Chemical compound [K+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O UKDIAJWKFXFVFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- BJDYCCHRZIFCGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridin-1-ium;iodide Chemical compound I.C1=CC=NC=C1 BJDYCCHRZIFCGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZHCFNGSGGGXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenocene Chemical compound [Ru+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 FZHCFNGSGGGXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SUBJHSREKVAVAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;methanol;methanolate Chemical compound [Na+].OC.[O-]C SUBJHSREKVAVAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GKXDJYKZFZVASJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC GKXDJYKZFZVASJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001107 thermogravimetry coupled to mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/341—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes
- H10K85/344—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes comprising ruthenium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D231/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings
- C07D231/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D231/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D231/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D231/18—One oxygen or sulfur atom
- C07D231/20—One oxygen atom attached in position 3 or 5
- C07D231/22—One oxygen atom attached in position 3 or 5 with aryl radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/0006—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
- C07F15/0046—Ruthenium compounds
- C07F15/0053—Ruthenium compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M14/00—Electrochemical current or voltage generators not provided for in groups H01M6/00 - H01M12/00; Manufacture thereof
- H01M14/005—Photoelectrochemical storage cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/361—Polynuclear complexes, i.e. complexes comprising two or more metal centers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2027—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode
- H01G9/2031—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode comprising titanium oxide, e.g. TiO2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2059—Light-sensitive devices comprising an organic dye as the active light absorbing material, e.g. adsorbed on an electrode or dissolved in solution
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/10—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising heterojunctions between organic semiconductors and inorganic semiconductors
- H10K30/15—Sensitised wide-bandgap semiconductor devices, e.g. dye-sensitised TiO2
- H10K30/151—Sensitised wide-bandgap semiconductor devices, e.g. dye-sensitised TiO2 the wide bandgap semiconductor comprising titanium oxide, e.g. TiO2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/341—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes
- H10K85/348—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes comprising osmium
Definitions
- Binuclear metal complexes, metal complex dyes, photoelectric conversion elements, and photochemical batteries Binuclear metal complexes, metal complex dyes, photoelectric conversion elements, and photochemical batteries
- the present invention relates to a novel binuclear metal complex.
- the present invention relates to a metal complex dye having a high extinction coefficient and excellent in electron transfer, a photoelectric conversion element using an oxide semiconductor photosensitized by the metal complex dye, and the like.
- the present invention relates to a photochemical battery using
- Solar cells are highly expected as clean renewable energy sources, and they also have compound power such as single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, and amorphous silicon solar cells, cadmium telluride, and indium copper selenide.
- Research aimed at the practical application of solar cells is being conducted.
- many of the batteries must be overcome, such as high manufacturing costs, difficulty in securing raw materials, recycling problems, and difficulty in large-area power generation.
- Have problems. Therefore, solar cells using organic materials have been proposed with the aim of increasing the area and lowering the price.
- the V deviation has a conversion efficiency of about 1%, which is far from practical use.
- JP 2003-261536 Patent Document 2 by the present applicant discloses a dipyridyl ligand-containing metal mononuclear complex which is a metal complex dye useful as a photoelectric conversion element.
- non-patent document 2 discloses polynuclear ⁇ -diketonate complex dyes.
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-359677 published on December 24, 2004 has an excellent photoelectric conversion function for extracting electrons by receiving the energy of actinic rays such as light.
- BL bridged ligand
- Shin V a binuclear complex having a coordination structure is disclosed!
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-220380
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-261536
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-359677
- Non-Patent Literature l Nature, 353, 737, 1991
- Non-patent document 2 Latest technology of dye-sensitized solar cells (CMC Co., Ltd., May 25, 2001, page 117)
- An object of the present invention is to provide a binuclear metal complex that is useful and novel as a metal complex dye.
- Another object of the present invention is to achieve smooth electron transfer by adjusting the direction of electron transition to the electrolyte side force porous semiconductor with the aim of improving the extinction coefficient by the multinuclear structure of the metal complex dye. And obtaining a dye capable of efficiently photosensitizing the semiconductor fine particles. Furthermore, it is to provide a photoelectric conversion element having a high photoelectric conversion efficiency and a photochemical battery having the power of this photoelectric conversion element by using such a dye.
- the present invention relates to an asymmetric binuclear metal complex represented by the general formula: (L 1 ) M ⁇ BD M ⁇ L 2 ) (X)
- M 1 and M 2 a transition metal
- L 1 and L 2 are a capable of multidentate coordination chelate ligand
- L 1 and L 2 is different
- two L 1 may be different
- two L 2 may be different
- BL is a bridged structure having at least two cyclic structures containing heteroatoms.
- the coordination atom coordinated to M 2 is a heteroatom contained in this cyclic structure.
- X is a counter ion.
- n represents the number of counter ions necessary to neutralize the charge of the complex.
- the present invention also relates to the above binuclear metal complex, wherein L 1 and L 2 are chelate type ligands capable of bidentate, tridentate or tetradentate coordination.
- the present invention provides the binuclear metal complex described above, wherein L 1 and L 2 are bidentate ligands that are derivatives of bibilidyl, pyridylquinoline, biquinoline, or phenantorin. About.
- the present invention also relates to the above binuclear metal complex, wherein L 1 is a ligand substituted with at least one carboxyl group (one COOH) or COO—.
- the present invention also relates to the above binuclear metal complex, wherein BL is a tetradentate ligand.
- the present invention also relates to the above binuclear metal complex, wherein M 1 and M 2 are Group VIII to Group XI transition metals.
- M 1 and M 2 are ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os), connort (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), or iron (Fe). And the above binuclear metal complex.
- the present invention provides an asymmetric binuclear compound represented by the general formula: (L 1 ) M ⁇ BD M ⁇ L 2 ) (X)
- Metal complex (wherein M 1 and M 2 are transition metals and may be the same or different L 1 and L 2 are chelate ligands capable of multidentate coordination, and L 1 And L 2 are different, two L 1 may be different or two L 2 may be different X is a counterion, and n is the charge of the complex This represents the number of counter ions necessary for the summation.
- BL is a bridging ligand having at least two cyclic structures containing heteroatoms, and the coordinating atoms coordinated to M 1 and M 2 are the cyclic ligands. It is a heteroatom contained in the structure, and L 1 It has a substituent that can be fixed and has a structure in which LUMO is distributed mainly in (L 1 ) M 1 . )
- the present invention also relates to a photoelectric conversion element comprising semiconductor fine particles sensitized with the metal complex dye.
- the present invention also relates to a photoelectric conversion element characterized in that the semiconductor fine particles are titanium oxide, zinc oxide, or acid tin tin.
- the present invention also relates to a photochemical battery using the above-described photoelectric conversion element.
- the metal complex dye of the present invention has a higher extinction coefficient than the current dye exhibiting high photoelectric conversion efficiency used as a comparative dye, and the short-circuit current per lmol (l molecule) of the complex. Increased density.
- a high photoelectric conversion efficiency was obtained by using a dye having an appropriate molecular orbital distribution.
- Photochemical cell which is a powerful photoelectric conversion element, is extremely effective as a solar cell.
- the metal complex dye of the present invention does not have an NCS group that easily decomposes in the molecule, unlike the dye that exhibits high photoelectric conversion efficiency at present, and is excellent in heat resistance.
- FIG. 1 is a 1 H-NMR ⁇ vector in dimethyl sulfoxide 1 d6 of the binuclear metal complex (D-1) obtained in Example 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a 1 H-NMR ⁇ vector in dimethyl sulfoxide 1 d6 of the binuclear metal complex (D-2) obtained in Example 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a 1 H-NMR vector in dimethyl sulfoxide 1d6 of the binuclear metal complex (D-3) obtained in Example 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a 1 H-NMR vector in dimethylsulfoxide 1 d6 of the binuclear metal complex (D-4) obtained in Example 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a 1 H-NMR vector in dimethylsulfoxide 1 d6 of the binuclear metal complex (D-5) obtained in Example 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 shows dimethylsulfoxide of the binuclear metal complex (D-6) obtained in Example 5 of the present invention. 1 H-NMR ⁇ vector in sid d6.
- FIG. 7 is a 1 H-NMR ⁇ vector in dimethylsulfoxide 1 d6 of the binuclear metal complex (D-7) obtained in Example 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a 1 H-NMR ⁇ vector in dimethylsulfoxide 1 d6 of the binuclear metal complex (D-8) obtained in Example 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a 1 H-NMR ⁇ vector in dimethylsulfoxide 1 d6 of the binuclear metal complex (D-9) obtained in Example 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a 1 H-NMR spectrum of dinuclear metal complex (D-10) obtained in Example 5 of the present invention in dimethyl sulfoxide d6.
- FIG. 11 is a 1 H-NMR spectrum in dimethyl sulfoxide d6 of the binuclear metal complex (D-11) obtained in Example 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a 1 H-NMR spectrum in dimethyl sulfoxide d6 of the binuclear metal complex (D-12) obtained in Example 7 of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a 1 H-NMR spectrum in dimethyl sulfoxide d6 of the binuclear metal complex (D-13) obtained in Example 8 of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a 1 H-NMR spectrum of dinuclear metal complex (D-14) obtained in Example 9 of the present invention in dimethyl sulfoxide d6.
- FIG. 15 is a 1 H-NMR spectrum of dinuclear metal complex (D-15) obtained in Example 10 of the present invention in dimethyl sulfoxide d6.
- FIG. 16 is a comparison of the UV-visible absorption spectrum of the binuclear metal complex dye (D-4) obtained in Example 4 and the comparative dye A.
- FIG. 17 is a comparison of the UV-visible absorption spectrum of the binuclear metal complex dye (D-11) obtained in Example 6 and the comparative dye A.
- FIG. 18 is a comparison of the UV-visible absorption spectra of the binuclear metal complex dye (D-12) obtained in Example 7 and the comparative dye A.
- FIG. 19 is a comparison of the UV-visible absorption spectrum of the binuclear metal complex dye (D-13) obtained in Example 8 and the comparative dye A.
- FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the photochemical battery produced in the present invention. (Signed (1) Glass (2) Transparent conductive layer (3) Platinum layer (4) Electrolyte (5) Dye-adsorbing porous oxide semiconductor film
- FIG. 21 is a 1 H-NMR ⁇ vector in dimethyl sulfoxide — d6 of the binuclear metal complex (D-16) obtained in Example 18.
- FIG. 22 shows HO of the structure shown in the binuclear metal complex dye (D-4) obtained in Example 4.
- FIG. 23 shows LU of the structure shown in the binuclear metal complex dye (D-4) obtained in Example 4.
- FIG. 24 shows the structure of the binuclear metal complex dye (D-16) obtained in Example 18.
- FIG. 25 shows L of the structure shown in the binuclear metal complex dye (D-16) obtained in Example 18.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram conceptually showing the direction of HOMO-LUMO electron transition and the flow of electrons inside the photochemical battery circuit of the preferred binuclear metal complex dye of the present invention.
- FIG. 27 shows a photochemical cell produced using the binuclear metal complex dye (D-4) obtained in Example 4 and the binuclear metal complex dye (D-16) obtained in Example 18. It is a figure showing a current-voltage characteristic curve.
- FIG. 28 shows a photochemical battery produced using the binuclear metal complex dye (D-4) obtained in Example 4 and the binuclear metal complex dye (D-16) obtained in Example 18. It is a figure showing a current-voltage characteristic curve.
- Asymmetric binuclear metal complex represented by the general formula: (L 1 ) M ⁇ BD M ⁇ L 2 ) (X)
- M 1 and M 2 are transition metals, preferably Group VIII to XI transition metals, specifically, ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os), cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), copper (Cu) or iron (Fe) is preferred. Of these, ruthenium (Ru) and osmium (Os) are preferred, and ruthenium (Ru) is particularly preferred.
- M 1 and M 2 may be the same metal or different metals.
- L 1 and L 2 are chelate ligands capable of multidentate coordination, preferably bidentate or tridentate.
- a chelate ligand capable of bidentate or tetradentate coordination more preferably a chelate ligand capable of bidentate coordination.
- Specific examples include derivatives such as 2,2, -biviridine, 1,10-phenantorin, 2- (2-pyridyl) quinoline, or 2,2'-biquinoline.
- L 1 and L 2 are different. Also, the two L 1 may be different or the two L 2 may be different.
- L 1 has at least one substituent that can be fixed to the semiconductor fine particles.
- Substituents that can be fixed to the semiconductor fine particles of L 1 are carboxyl group (one COOH), amino group (one NH), hydroxyl group (one OH), sulfate group (one SO H), phosphoric acid group (one PO H), nitro
- the hydrogen of the ruboxyl group may be exchanged with a cation such as a quaternary ammonium such as tetraptyl ammonium or an alkali metal ion such as sodium ion. Moreover, hydrogen may be eliminated.
- a cation such as a quaternary ammonium such as tetraptyl ammonium or an alkali metal ion such as sodium ion.
- L 1 may or may not have a substituent other than the substituent that can be fixed to the semiconductor fine particles.
- substituents include an alkyl group (methyl group, ethyl group, etc.), an alkoxy group (methoxy group, ethoxy group, etc.) and the like.
- L 1 is a ligand in which LUMO is distributed mainly in the (L 1 ) M 1 portion. It is preferable.
- a photochemical battery When a photochemical battery is manufactured using a photoelectric conversion element that contains semiconductor fine particles sensitized by this binuclear metal complex due to the structure having LUMO that excites electrons, the photoelectric conversion element (negative electrode) It is possible to make a smooth electron transfer to the cell, and it is efficient! A photochemical battery can be constructed.
- the software used was Cerius 2 or Material Studio.
- the structure of the metal complex was optimized by DFT (density functional method) using the DMol 3 module.
- the exchange correlation function at that time is not particularly limited, but the VWN method or the BLYP method is preferably used.
- Basis functions are not particularly limited. It is done.
- the energy state calculation uses the obtained structure, and the exchange correlation function is not particularly limited, but BLYP and PBE are used, and the basis function system is not particularly limited, but DNP is preferably used.
- L 1 examples include a ligand represented by the following formula (L 1 A).
- R ⁇ R 2 , R 3 , RR 5 and R6 are hydrogen atoms, alkoxy groups, or forces representing substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon groups Or two or more of these together form a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring or a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon ring with the carbon atom to which they are attached.
- the alkyl group those having 6 or less carbon atoms are preferable, and a methyl group and an ethyl group are more preferable.
- the alkoxy group those having 6 or less carbon atoms are preferable, and a methoxy group and an ethoxy group are more preferable.
- R 2 and R 3 , R 4 and R 5 , R 1 and R 6 together and the carbon atom to which they are bonded together with a 6-membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring (having a substituent, But I also prefer to form).
- substituent of the aromatic hydrocarbon ring include an alkyl group (such as a methyl group and an ethyl group) and an alkoxy group (such as a methoxy group and an ethoxy group).
- L 1 examples include ligands represented by the following formulas (L 11 ) to (L 14 ), but the present invention is not limited to these. [0038] [Chemical 2]
- the heterocyclic ring and the benzene ring in formulas (L 11 ) to (4) may have a substituent, and H in COOH may be eliminated.
- the substituent include an alkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms such as a methyl group and an ethyl group, and an alkoxy group having 6 or less carbon atoms such as a methoxy group and an ethoxy group.
- L 2 is a chelate-type ligand capable of multidentate coordination, preferably a bidentate, tridentate or tetradentate chelate-type ligand, more preferably bidentate. It is a chelate-type ligand that can be coordinated. Specific examples include derivatives such as 2,2, -biviridine, 1,10-phenantorporin, 2- (2-pyridyl) quinoline, or 2,2'-biquinoline.
- L 2 may or may not have a substituent.
- L 2 substituents include alkyl groups (such as methyl and ethyl groups), aryl groups (such as full and tolyl groups), alkoxy groups (such as methoxy and ethoxy groups), and hydroxyl groups (such as —OH). ) And the like. In particular, a group exhibiting electron donating properties is preferred.
- L 2 examples include a ligand represented by the following formula (L 2 -A).
- shaku 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 and R 18 are forces representing a hydrogen atom, an alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, or Two or more of these together form a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring or a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon ring with the carbon atom to which they are attached.
- R U to R 18 are preferably a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an alkoxy group, and more preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- the alkyl group those having 6 or less carbon atoms are preferable, and a methyl group and an ethyl group are more preferable.
- the alkoxy group those having 6 or less carbon atoms are preferable, and a methoxy group and an ethoxy group are more preferable.
- R U to R 18 two adjacent R U to R 18 , or R 11 and R 18 are joined together and the carbon atom to which they are bonded together with a 6-membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring (with substituents! It is also preferable to form /!
- substituents! include an alkyl group (such as a methyl group and an ethyl group) and an alkoxy group (such as a methoxy group and an ethoxy group).
- R U to R 18 are particularly preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- R 11 and R 18 together form a 6-membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring (which may have a substituent such as a methyl group) together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded, and R 12 to R 17 it is also particularly preferred a hydrogen atom or methylol group, more preferably a hydrogen atom.
- L 2 include ligands represented by the following formulas (L 2 — 1) to (L 2 — 4), but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the heterocyclic ring and the benzene ring in the formulas (L 2 — 1) to (L 2 — 4) may have a substituent.
- the substituent include a substituent such as an alkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 6 or less carbon atoms, and a methyl group, and a phenyl group and a hydroxyl group may be used.
- BL is a bridging ligand and has a cyclic structure containing a heteroatom. And the hetero atom contained in this cyclic structure (heteroconjugate ring) is a coordinating atom that coordinates to M 1 and M 2 . Heteroatoms include nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus and the like. [0055] BL is preferably a tetradentate ligand, more preferably anionic. Also,
- BL may or may not have a substituent on the cyclic structure (heteroconjugated ring).
- Examples of BL include those represented by the following formula (BL-A).
- R 31 , R 32 and R 33 represent a hydrogen atom or a force representing a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, or two or more of these together and the carbon atom to which they are bonded.
- a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring or a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon ring is formed, and R 34 , R 35 and R 36 represent a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group. Or two or more of these together can form a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring or a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon ring with the carbon atom to which they are attached. .
- R 31 to R 36 are preferably a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an alkoxy group, and more preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- the alkyl group those having 6 or less carbon atoms are preferable, and a methyl group and an ethyl group are more preferable.
- the alkoxy group those having 6 or less carbon atoms are preferable, and a methoxy group and an ethoxy group are more preferable.
- two adjacent R 31 to R 36 are joined together to form a 6-membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring (which may be substituted) together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded.
- a 6-membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring which may be substituted
- substituent of the aromatic hydrocarbon ring include an alkyl group (such as a methyl group and an ethyl group) and an alkoxy group (such as a methoxy group and an ethoxy group).
- R 31 to R 36 are particularly preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R 31 to R 36 are more preferably a hydrogen atom.
- Examples of BL include those represented by the following formula (BL-B). [0062] [Chemical 12]
- R 41 and R 42 represent a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group together with a carbon atom to which they are bonded together.
- R 41 ⁇ R 44 is preferably a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a hydrogen atom, and more preferably Al kill group.
- the alkyl group those having 6 or less carbon atoms are preferable, and a methyl group and an ethyl group are more preferable.
- the alkoxy group those having 6 or less carbon atoms are preferable, and a methoxy group and an ethoxy group are more preferable.
- R 41 and R 42 , R 43 and R 44 are joined together to form a 6-membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring (which may be substituted) as well as the carbon atom to which they are bonded. I also like it to form.
- substituent of the aromatic hydrocarbon ring include an alkyl group (such as a methyl group and an ethyl group) and an alkoxy group (such as a methoxy group and an ethoxy group).
- R 41 to R 44 are particularly preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R 41 to R 44 are more preferably a hydrogen atom.
- R 41 and R 42 , R 43 and R 44 together and the carbon atom to which they are bonded together with a 6-membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring (having a substituent such as a methyl group! /, Yo, is also especially preferred to form).
- R 51 , R 5 R M and 4 each represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, or two or more of these together are carbons to which they are bonded. It forms a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring or a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon ring together with atoms, and R 55 , R 56 , R 57 and R 58 are hydrogen atoms or substituted or unsubstituted Or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring or a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon ring together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded together. To form.
- R 51 to R 58 are preferably a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an alkoxy group, and more preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- the alkyl group those having 6 or less carbon atoms are preferable, and a methyl group and an ethyl group are more preferable.
- the alkoxy group those having 6 or less carbon atoms are preferable, and a methoxy group and an ethoxy group are more preferable.
- two adjacent R 51 to R 58 are joined together to form a 6-membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring (which may be substituted) together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded.
- a 6-membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring which may be substituted
- substituent of the aromatic hydrocarbon ring include an alkyl group (such as a methyl group and an ethyl group) and an alkoxy group (such as a methoxy group and an ethoxy group).
- R 51 ⁇ R 58 is particularly preferred instrument
- R 51 to R 58 be a hydrogen atom or a methyl group is more preferably a hydrogen atom.
- BL include those represented by the following formulas (BL-1) to (BL-4), but the present invention is not limited to these.
- the heterocyclic ring and the benzene ring in the formulas (BL-1) to (BL-4) may have a substituent.
- the substituent include an alkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 6 or less carbon atoms, and two adjacent carbon atoms on the benzene ring in the formula (BL-4) are joined together.
- BL is preferably a ligand represented by the above formula (BL-3) or (B L-4)! /.
- (L 1 ) M ⁇ BD M 'CL 2 ) (X) contains water or an organic solvent as a crystal solvent.
- organic solvents include DMSO, acetonitrile, DMF, DMAC, and methanol.
- the number of crystal solvents is not particularly specified.
- X is a counter ion, and if the complex [(L 1 ) M 1 (BL) M 2 (L 2 )] is a cation, the counter ion is
- n the number of counter ions necessary to neutralize the charge of the complex.
- X examples include hexafluorophosphate ion, perchlorate ion, tetraphenylborate ion, tetrafluoroborate ion, trifluoromethanesulfonate ion, thiocyanic acid when the counter ion is cation.
- Ions, sulfate ions, nitrate ions, and halide ions such as chloride ions and iodide ions.
- X when the counter ion is a cation, ammonium metal ions, tetrabutyl ammonium ions, alkali metal ions such as sodium ions, protons, and the like can be given.
- L 1 is a ligand represented by the above formula (L 1 1) (one from which H of COOH is eliminated, heterocycle and benzene ring are further substituted. the have, shall be including),
- L 2 is the above formula (L 2 - 1) or (L 2 - 2) ligand represented by (heterocyclic and base benzene ring have a substituent And a ligand represented by the above formula (BL-3) or (BL-4) (the heterocyclic ring and the benzene ring have a substituent! /) U), wherein M 1 and M 2 are ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu) or iron (Fe).
- Ru ruthenium
- Os osmium
- Co nickel
- Cu copper
- Fe iron
- Examples of the force include those represented by the following formulas (D-1) to (D-16). It is not limited to.
- the metal complex of the present invention is described in Inorganic Chemistry, No. 17, No. 9, No. 2,660-266, 6, 1978, Journal of the American Chemical Society, No. 115, No. 6382-6390, 1993, etc. It can be produced by referring to the method cited in the above.
- the metal complex (L 1 ) M ⁇ BD M ⁇ L 2 ) (X) of the present invention is, for example,
- a mononuclear metal complex (L 1 ) M l and (BL) M 2 (L 2 ) are synthesized and reacted.
- the mononuclear metal complex (BL) M 2 (L 2 ) can be synthesized according to the following synthesis scheme.
- BL is the above equation (BL- 1) ⁇ (BL- 4 ) with those represented (including also those having a substituent)
- L 2 is the above formula (L 2 - 1) ⁇ (L 2 - 4) represented by those with (a substituent, including shall) are all, it can be synthesized according to the synthetic scheme.
- BL is represented by the above formula (BL-1) (including those having a substituent)
- the subsequent reaction step with NaOMe is unnecessary, and M 2 (L 2 ) C1 And BL react to give (BL) M 2 (L 2 ).
- the above metal complex can be used as a metal complex dye, and a photochemical battery can be produced using semiconductor fine particles sensitized with the metal complex dye.
- the photoelectric conversion element of the present invention includes semiconductor fine particles sensitized by the metal complex dye. More specifically, the semiconductor fine particles sensitized with the metal complex dye are fixed on the electrode.
- the conductive electrode is preferably a transparent electrode formed on a transparent substrate.
- conductive agents include metals such as gold, silver, copper, platinum, and palladium, indium oxide compounds typified by tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), and fluorine-doped oxide-tin (FTO). And acid-zinc-based compounds, acid-zinc-based compounds, and the like.
- ITO tin-doped indium oxide
- FTO fluorine-doped oxide-tin
- the semiconductor fine particles include titanium oxide, zinc oxide, and tin oxide.
- indium oxide, niobium oxide, tungsten oxide, vanadium oxide, composite oxide semiconductors such as strontium titanate, calcium titanate, barium titanate, potassium niobate, cadmium or bismuth sulfate, cadmium selenium And gallium phosphide or arsenide.
- semiconductor fine particles titanium oxide, zinc oxide, or tin oxide, which is preferable for oxides, and a mixture containing one or more of these are particularly preferable.
- the primary particle size of the semiconductor fine particles is not particularly limited, but is usually 1 to 5000 nm, preferably 2 to 500 nm, particularly preferably 5 to 300 nm.
- the photochemical battery of the present invention uses the above-described photoelectric conversion element. More specifically, the electrode has the above-described photoelectric conversion element of the present invention and a counter electrode, and an electrolyte layer therebetween. At least one of the electrode and the counter electrode used in the photoelectric conversion element of the present invention is a transparent electrode.
- the counter electrode functions as a positive electrode when combined with a photoelectric conversion element to form a photochemical battery.
- a substrate having a conductive layer can be used as in the case of the conductive electrode.
- the conductive agent used for the counter electrode include metals such as platinum and carbon, and conductive metal oxides such as acid and tin doped with fluorine.
- the electrolyte (redox couple) is not particularly limited, and any known electrolyte can be used.
- iodine and iodide for example, metal iodides such as lithium iodide and potassium iodide, tetrabutylammonium iodide, tetrapropylammonium iodide, pyridinium iodide, iodide
- Combinations of iodides of quaternary ammonium compounds such as imidazolium), combinations of bromine and bromide, combinations of chlorine and chloride, combinations of alkyl viologen and its reduced form, quinone Z hydroquinone, iron ( ⁇ ) ion Z Iron ( ⁇ ) ion, Copper (I) ion Z Copper ( ⁇ ) ion, Manganese ( ⁇ ) ion Z Manganese (in) ion, Cobalt ion ( ⁇ ) z Cobalt ion (in) transition
- a preferable electrolyte is an electrolyte in which iodine is combined with lithium iodide or iodide of a quaternary ammonium compound.
- the electrolyte may be a liquid dissolved in an organic solvent, a molten salt, a so-called gel electrolyte immersed in a polymer matrix, or a solid electrolyte.
- the photochemical cell of the present invention can be produced by a method that has been conventionally applied.
- a semiconductor fine particle paste such as an oxide is applied on a transparent electrode, and is heated and fired to produce a semiconductor fine particle thin film.
- the thin film of semiconductor fine particles is a titer
- the firing is performed at a temperature of 450 ° C. and a reaction time of 30 minutes.
- the transparent electrode with the thin film is immersed in a dye solution, and the dye is supported to produce a photoelectric conversion element.
- the photochemical cell of the present invention can be produced by combining this photoelectric conversion element with a transparent electrode on which gold or carbon is deposited as a counter electrode, and putting an electrolyte solution between them.
- the binuclear metal complex of the present invention is also used as a material for an electron transport layer of an organic EL.
- RuCl 3 500 0 (2.53g, 9.68mm in a 500ml three-necked flask under nitrogen atmosphere
- Ru (bpy) CI (0.501 g, 0.996 mmol) synthesized by the method described in Inorg.Synth., VolXXIV, 291 (1986), J. Chem. Soc.
- the precipitated complex was collected by filtration, and washed with a pH 2.5 aqueous hexafluorophosphoric acid solution, acetone Z jetyl ether (4: 1), and jetyl ether. After vacuum drying, 49.3 mg of D 2 was obtained (yield 41%).
- the elemental analysis values were in good agreement with the tetrahydrate.
- the complex was precipitated as a salt of anion PF—.
- the precipitate is collected by filtration and washed with water.
- D-4 in Example 4 D was prepared in the same manner except that 0.5 mol Zl hexafluorophosphoric acid aqueous solution and pH 2.5 hexafluorophosphoric acid aqueous solution were used instead of the acid corresponding to anti-one. — 5, D-7, D-8, D-9 and D-10 were synthesized. Since there is no corresponding acid for D-6, 0.5 molZl hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and PH2.5 hydrochloric acid aqueous solution were used. Was synthesized. D- 5, D- 6, D- 7, D-8, the structure of D-9 Contact and D-10 was confirmed in the same manner by elemental analysis and 1 H- NMR spectrum.
- Elemental analysis values of D-10 showed good agreement as the dihydrate. [0151] Elemental analysis Observation C: 49. 70, H: 3. 23, N: l l. 89,
- the Nord power also recrystallized.
- the precipitated crystals were separated by filtration and washed with cold methanol and jetyl ether. After vacuum drying, 0.545 g of [(BiBzImH) Ru (phen)] (PF) was obtained (
- the obtained suspension was filtered, and 0.5 mol Zl hexafluoradium phosphate aqueous solution was added dropwise to the filtrate until the pH became 2.5.
- the precipitated complex was collected by filtration and washed with a pH 2.5 aqueous hexafluorophosphoric acid solution, acetone Z jetyl ether (4: 1), and jetyl ether. After vacuum drying, 0.173 g of D-11 was obtained (76% yield). Elemental analysis showed good agreement with tetrahydrate.
- the precipitated complex was collected by filtration and washed with a pH 2.5 aqueous hexafluorophosphoric acid solution, acetone Z jetyl ether (4: 1), and jetyl ether. After vacuum drying, 0.366 g of D-13 was obtained (yield 87%). The elemental analysis values were in good agreement with the anhydrous product.
- Comparative dye A As is clear from FIGS. 16, 17, 18, and 19, all of the binuclear metal complex dyes of the present invention have the same absorption wavelength region as that of comparative dye A, which currently exhibits high photoelectric conversion efficiency. However, it had an even higher extinction coefficient. Therefore, when the binuclear metal complex dye of the present invention is used in a photochemical battery, it is very preferable because it can absorb more light and convert it into a photocurrent.
- paste B This titer paste is called paste B.
- paste A was applied onto a transparent conductive glass electrode manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. with a part of the electrode masked and applied with a 100 m doctor blade.
- paste B was applied to form two layers using the same method as the paste A coating method except that a 70 m doctor blade was used. After drying, this membrane was baked at 450 ° C. for 30 minutes to produce a 1 cm 2 porous titer electrode (T-1).
- the obtained film was aged at 25 ° C. and 60% atmosphere for 10 minutes, and the aged film was baked at 450 ° C. for 30 minutes. The same operation was repeated for the cooled membrane, and two layers were formed to produce a 1 cm 2 porous titer electrode (T-3).
- a porous titer electrode adsorbing the comparative dye A was obtained in the same manner except that 3 x 10 _4 molZl of t-butanol Z-acetonitrile (1: 1) was used.
- Porous titania electrodes in each of D 4, D 5, D 6, D 7, D 8, D 9 and D 10 t-butanol Z-acetonitrile (1: 1) saturated dye solution (less than 3 X 10 _4 molZl) (T-3) was immersed at 30 ° C for 20 hours. Next, after washing with acetonitrile and drying, a dye-adsorbed porous titania electrode was obtained.
- the dye-adsorbed porous titer electrode obtained as described above and a platinum plate (counter electrode) were superposed.
- the electrolyte solution lithium iodide, iodine, 4 t-butylpyridine, and 1,2 dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide were added to 3-methoxypropio-tolyl as 0.1, 0.05, 0.5, respectively.
- a photochemical battery was prepared by using a solution that was dissolved and adjusted to 0.6 molZl and infiltrated the gap between the two electrodes using capillary action.
- FIG. 20 shows the structure of the photochemical battery produced in this example.
- the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the resulting photochemical cell using EKO Instruments Solar Simulated ter Co., Ltd. was measured by irradiating artificial sunlight of lOOmWZcm 2.
- Tables 1 and 2 summarize the photoelectric conversion efficiency of each dye.
- Table 3 also shows D-4 and Comparative Dye A. The short circuit current density per mole and the photoelectric conversion efficiency are shown.
- the metal complex dyes D-4 and D-11 of the present invention obtained higher photoelectric conversion efficiency than the comparative dye A. Further, from Table 2, the metal complex dye D-4 of the present invention High photoelectric conversion efficiencies were also obtained for the complexes with different on-states (D-5, D-6, D-7, D-8, D-9 and D-10). In addition, Table 3 shows that the metal complex dye of the present invention has a short-circuit current density per molecule and a discharge conversion efficiency higher than those of Comparative Dye A, and is superior in photoelectric conversion ability.
- TG was measured using Rigaku Corporation's Thermo plus TG8120 under the conditions of a heating rate of 10 ° C, min and a simulated air flow rate of lOOmlZmin, and introduced into the MS apparatus at a transfer line temperature of 200 ° C.
- the MS uses a mass analyzer QP-5000 combined system manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. Measured under conditions.
- Table 4 shows the start temperature of generation of the gas component derived from the ligand generated when each dye is thermally decomposed.
- the CO generation start temperature is 30 ° C. or more higher than that of comparative dye A.
- the binuclear metal complex of the present invention is very preferable because it has few decomposition sites and is also excellent in thermal stability.
- a porous titania electrode adsorbing the binuclear metal complex dye (D-4) of the present invention obtained in Example 4 was prepared. The procedure is shown below.
- Paste A was applied onto a transparent conductive glass electrode using a 50 ⁇ m spacer using a doctor blade to produce a film. This film was dried at room temperature, paste B was applied in the same manner, and after drying, this film was baked at 450 ° C. for 30 minutes to produce 1 cm 2 and 5 cm 2 porous titer electrodes.
- an ethanol saturated solution (3 X 10 _4 molZl or less) of the binuclear metal complex dye (D-4) of the present invention obtained in Example 4 was prepared, and the solution was 50 ° C. Soaked for 15 hours. After immersion, the substrate was washed with ethanol and dried under a nitrogen stream to obtain 1 cm 2 and 5 cm 2 dye-adsorbing porous titania electrodes.
- Example 14 The amount of dye adsorbed on each of the 5 cm 2 dye-adsorbed porous titer electrodes obtained in Example 14 and Comparative Example 1 was measured.
- the procedure is as follows.
- the dye was desorbed by immersing the dye-adsorbed porous titer electrode in a solution of 0. OlmolZl sodium hydroxide in ethanol Z water (1: 1). By measuring the absorption spectrum of this desorption solution (V-570 manufactured by JASCO Corporation), the amount of dye adsorbed per 1 cm 2 was calculated. It was. Table 5 summarizes the results of the adsorption amounts of the binuclear metal complex dye (D-4) and the comparative dye A obtained in Example 4.
- Example 16 Evaluation Measurement of photochemical batteries using EKO Instruments Co. solar Bow aerator, the photochemical cell fabricated in Example 16 was irradiated with artificial sunlight of lOOmWZcm 2.
- Table 6 summarizes the characteristic values of the binuclear metal complex dye (D-4) of the present invention obtained in Example 4 and the comparative dye A. Jsc and Voc in Table 6 indicate the short circuit current density and the open circuit voltage per mole of the metal complex dye, respectively. The short-circuit current density per mole of dye was calculated based on the results in Table 5.
- MC-1 (0. 102 g, 0.15 mmol) in a 100 ml three-necked flask under a nitrogen atmosphere, and 40 ml of ethanol Z water (1: 1) was added, and 0.6 ml of ImolZl sodium hydroxide solution was added dropwise to dissolve.
- M 2 C-8 (0.135 g, 0.15 mmol) was added to this solution, and the mixture was refluxed for 10 minutes under 2.45 GHz microwave irradiation.
- the reaction mixture was allowed to cool and then filtered, and the ethanol in the filtrate was dried under reduced pressure.
- the resulting suspension was filtered, and a 0.5 mol Zl hexafluorophosphoric acid aqueous solution was added dropwise to the filtrate until the pH reached 2.5.
- the precipitated complex was collected by filtration and washed with a pH 2.5 aqueous hexafluorophosphate solution, acetone Z jetyl ether (4: 1), and jetyl ether. After vacuum drying, 0.18 g of D-16 was obtained (42% yield). The elemental analysis values were in good agreement with the tetrahydrate.
- the structure of the binuclear metal complex model was optimized by quantum chemical calculations.
- Material Studio 2.0 was used as the software.
- the density functional method (DFT) was used as the calculation method
- VWN was used as the exchange correlation function
- DNP was used as the basis set.
- the effective inner core potential approximation was used.
- the energy state was calculated by quantum chemistry calculation for the complex model obtained in (1).
- the density functional method was used as a calculation method.
- BLYP was used as a specific exchange correlation function.
- DNP was used as the basis set.
- the effective inner core potential approximation was used.
- the convergence condition is 10 _6 au or less for energy, and the number of occupied electrons in each state is an integer from 0 to 2
- FIG. 22 which visualizes the shape of the HOMO (including the next HOMO) orbit of the structure shown in the binuclear metal complex dye (D-4) of the present invention obtained in Example 4 with respect to the above results.
- the visualization of the shape of the LUMO (including the next LUMO) orbit is shown in FIG. 23, and the structure of the binuclear metal complex dye (D-16) obtained in Example 18 is shown as HOMO (next H).
- the visualization of the shape of the orbit (including OMO) is shown in Fig. 24, and the visualization of the shape of the LUMO (including next LUMO) orbit is shown in Fig. 25.
- Figure 26 conceptually shows the direction of HOMO-LUMO electronic transition and the flow of electrons inside the photochemical battery circuit of the asymmetric binuclear metal complex shown in Fig. 26).
- X is omitted.
- the binuclear metal complex dye (D-4) of the present invention has the same two directions, and the binuclear metal complex dye (D-16) obtained in Example 18 from FIG. 24 and FIG. ) Does not match the above two directions. Therefore, the binuclear metal complex dye (D-4) of the present invention can cause smoother electron transfer and can constitute an efficient photochemical battery.
- the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the binuclear metal complex dye (D-16) obtained in Example 18 is the same as that in Example 12 for producing a porous titer electrode adsorbing D-1 and D-2 and comparative dye A.
- a photochemical cell was prepared and measured in the same manner except that an ethanol saturated dye solution was used instead of the ethanol Z dimethyl sulfoxide (95: 5) saturated dye solution.
- Table 7 shows the results of photoelectric conversion efficiency
- Fig. 27 shows the current-voltage characteristic curve.
- the photoelectric conversion efficiency and current-voltage characteristic curves of D-4 obtained in Example 12 are shown in Table 7 and FIG. 27, respectively.
- Example 18 The evaluation and measurement of the photochemical cell of the binuclear metal complex dye (D-16) obtained in Example 18 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 14 except that the lcm 2 dye-adsorbed porous titer electrode was the same as in Example 16. Then, a photochemical battery was prepared, and the photochemical battery was evaluated and measured in the same manner as in Example 17. Table 8 shows the results of photoelectric conversion efficiency (7?), And Fig. 28 shows the current-voltage characteristic curve. In addition, the photoelectric conversion efficiency (7?) Result and current-voltage characteristic curve of the binuclear metal complex dye (D-4) of the present invention obtained in Example 17 are shown in Table 8 and FIG. 28, respectively.
- the binuclear metal complex dye (D-4) of the present invention obtained in Example 4 having an appropriate HOMO-LUMO orbital arrangement was found to be HOMO-LUMO. It can be seen that the photochemical cell characteristics are clearly superior to the binuclear metal complex dye (D-16) obtained in Example 18 in which the orbital arrangement is appropriate.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
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AT05787497T ATE525753T1 (de) | 2004-10-01 | 2005-10-03 | Binukleärer metallkomplex, metallkomplexfarbstoff,photoelektrischer transducer und photochemische batterie |
CN2005800407089A CN101065359B (zh) | 2004-10-01 | 2005-10-03 | 双核金属络合物、金属络合物色素、光电转换元件及光化学电池 |
JP2006539282A JP5003871B2 (ja) | 2004-10-01 | 2005-10-03 | 二核金属錯体、金属錯体色素、光電変換素子、及び光化学電池 |
EP05787497A EP1798222B1 (en) | 2004-10-01 | 2005-10-03 | Binuclear metal complex, metal complex dye, photoelectric transducer and photochemical battery |
US11/575,745 US7825250B2 (en) | 2004-10-01 | 2005-10-03 | Binuclear metal complex, metal complex dye, photoelectric conversion element, and photochemical battery |
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JP2004-290075 | 2004-10-01 | ||
JP2004290076 | 2004-10-01 | ||
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JP2004290075 | 2004-10-01 |
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US (1) | US7825250B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1798222B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5003871B2 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN102558239A (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE525753T1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006038587A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5003871B2 (ja) | 2012-08-15 |
JPWO2006038587A1 (ja) | 2008-05-15 |
EP1798222A1 (en) | 2007-06-20 |
ATE525753T1 (de) | 2011-10-15 |
US20080015356A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
EP1798222B1 (en) | 2011-09-21 |
US7825250B2 (en) | 2010-11-02 |
CN101065359B (zh) | 2013-06-19 |
EP1798222A4 (en) | 2009-06-24 |
CN102558239A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
CN101065359A (zh) | 2007-10-31 |
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