WO2005027587A1 - 有機デバイス用電極、有機デバイス用電極を有する電子機器、および有機デバイス用電極の形成方法 - Google Patents
有機デバイス用電極、有機デバイス用電極を有する電子機器、および有機デバイス用電極の形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005027587A1 WO2005027587A1 PCT/JP2004/012457 JP2004012457W WO2005027587A1 WO 2005027587 A1 WO2005027587 A1 WO 2005027587A1 JP 2004012457 W JP2004012457 W JP 2004012457W WO 2005027587 A1 WO2005027587 A1 WO 2005027587A1
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- Prior art keywords
- organic
- electrode
- organic device
- fine particles
- compound
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 68
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010549 co-Evaporation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- -1 wiring Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920003227 poly(N-vinyl carbazole) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- IYZMXHQDXZKNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,1-n-diphenyl-4-n,4-n-bis[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]benzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 IYZMXHQDXZKNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3,5-bis(1-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl)phenyl]-1-phenylbenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C1C1=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[4-(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)phenyl]carbazole Chemical group C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000040 m-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001637 1-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C=12C=CC3=C(C=4C=CC=CC=4)C=C(C)N=C3C2=NC(C)=CC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UOCMXZLNHQBBOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenol zinc Chemical compound [Zn].Oc1ccccc1-c1nc2ccccc2o1.Oc1ccccc1-c1nc2ccccc2o1 UOCMXZLNHQBBOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKTWCYHMBXXJBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenyl-n,n-diphenylaniline Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 BKTWCYHMBXXJBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHDHJYNTEFLIHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=NC2=C1C=CC1=C(C=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CN=C21 DHDHJYNTEFLIHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIZUPBYFLORCRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-dinaphthalen-2-ylanthracene Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C(C2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1 VIZUPBYFLORCRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 1
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-phenylalanine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000555745 Sciuridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001356 alkyl thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000319 biphenyl-4-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C1=C([H])C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052798 chalcogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005685 electric field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021478 group 5 element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021474 group 7 element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylalanine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- YREYEVIYCVEVJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N rabeprazole Chemical compound COCCCOC1=CC=NC(CS(=O)C=2NC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)=C1C YREYEVIYCVEVJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004772 tellurides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QEPMORHSGFRDLW-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3h-1,3-benzoxazole-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OC1=CC=CC=C1C1(C([O-])=O)OC2=CC=CC=C2N1.OC1=CC=CC=C1C1(C([O-])=O)OC2=CC=CC=C2N1 QEPMORHSGFRDLW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K10/00—Organic devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching; Organic capacitors or resistors having potential barriers
- H10K10/40—Organic transistors
- H10K10/46—Field-effect transistors, e.g. organic thin-film transistors [OTFT]
- H10K10/462—Insulated gate field-effect transistors [IGFETs]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/19—Tandem OLEDs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
- H10K50/82—Cathodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/60—Forming conductive regions or layers, e.g. electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/321—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3]
- H10K85/324—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3] comprising aluminium, e.g. Alq3
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
Definitions
- Electrode for organic device electronic device having electrode for organic device, and method for forming electrode for organic device
- the present invention relates to an electrode for an organic device used for an organic device such as an EL device or an F element utilizing the properties of an organic compound, an electronic device having the electrode for an organic device, and a method for forming the electrode for an organic device.
- Electrodes in organic devices serve as contacts for connecting an organic compound exhibiting the function of the device to an inorganic compound such as wiring, and are therefore very important and have been devised in various ways.
- a technique of doping a metal having a small work function such as an alkali metal as an electron injection electrode of an organic EL element is effective (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-270171).
- a metal acts as a donor, and the metal and an organic compound form a charge transfer complex, thereby improving electron injection properties. Therefore, the ratio between the metal and the organic compound is 1:
- Approximately 1 is considered to be optimal (eg, high-brightness organic EL devices with electron injection layers doped with r-metal, etc., Applied Physics II Letters, USA, Institute of Physics, 19 1982, January, Vo, 7 O, No. 2, p. 152-154, see).
- the electrode for an organic device as described above is manufactured by a method in which an organic compound and a metal are each evaporated by resistance heating, mixed in a gas phase, and evaporated (so-called co-evaporation method). At this time, the ratio between the organic compound and the metal is monitored by a quartz oscillator, so that the ratio by weight is monitored.
- organic compounds used in organic devices often have molecular weights of several hundreds or more (for example, the molecular weight of AIq used in the above-mentioned literature is 459), while the atomic weight of metal is much smaller than that. (For example, the atomic weight of Li used in the above literature is 7). Therefore, the ratio of metal to organic compound is When the metal ratio is about 1: 1, the ratio of metal by weight becomes extremely small.
- the present invention relates to an electrode for an organic device used for an organic device, which is a functional element utilizing the properties of an organic compound, wherein a matrix of a single or a plurality of types of organic compounds is added to a conductive inorganic compound in the form of fine particles. It is characterized in that fine particles are dispersed and a Nani composite material is used.
- the particle diameter of the conductive fine particles is set to 1 [nm]-100 Cnm].
- conductivities Ning of the conductive fine particles it is desirable that the 1 0- 5 CS / m] or more.
- the electrode for an organic device according to the above invention may be mounted on an electronic device.
- Electronic devices include mobile phones, personal computers, monitors, video cameras, digital cameras, goggle-type displays, navigation systems, audio components, car audio, game machines, mobile computers, portable game machines, electronic books, An image reproducing device provided with a recording medium is exemplified.
- a second invention is a method for forming an electrode for an organic device used for an organic device which is a functional element utilizing the properties of an organic compound, wherein the organic compound and conductive fine particles which are a fine-particle conductive inorganic compound are used. Are dispersed in the same solvent, and this is It is characterized in that an electrode for an organic device is formed by wet application to a surface for forming an electrode for a chair.
- a third invention is a method for forming an electrode for an organic device used for an organic device, which is a functional element utilizing the properties of an organic compound, wherein the organic compound capable of being deposited and the conductive inorganic compound capable of being deposited are:
- the weight ratio to be in the range of 4: 1-1: 4
- co-evaporation is performed on the electrode forming surface of the organic device, so that the conductive fine particles in which excess conductive inorganic compound is formed into fine particles can be converted into organic fine particles. It is characterized in that it is dispersed in a matrix composed of a compound to form an electrode for an organic device.
- the conductive fine particles dispersed in the matrix of the organic compound can realize the re-electron injection function and the mosquito L injection function, so that it can be applied to an organic device. It is easy to apply, and it is extremely practical and straightforward. Furthermore, a versatile electronic device can be provided by mounting the electrode for an organic device according to the above invention.
- the particle size and the mixing amount of the conductive fine particles can be controlled in advance, the production is easy and the quality does not vary.
- an inorganic compound that is difficult to deposit an inorganic compound having a low vapor pressure
- the weight rate at the time of vapor deposition of the inorganic compound is close to that of the organic compound.
- Controllability) Power ⁇ There is an advantage of increasing. Further, there is an advantage that an extremely clean contact interface between the fine particles of the conductive inorganic compound and the organic compound can be formed in a vacuum vessel having no impurities other than the organic compound and the conductive inorganic compound as the vapor deposition components.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 (a) is a schematic sectional view of an electrode for an organic device having a function of injecting electrons according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrode for an organic device having a function of injecting holes according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 (c) is a schematic sectional view of an electrode for an organic device having a function of injecting electrons and holes according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional TEM photograph of an electrode for an organic device.
- FIG. 4 (a) is a schematic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of an organic EL device using the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 (b) is a schematic configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the organic EL device using the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram of a Nani organic EL device using the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 (a) is a schematic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of an organic field-effect transistor using the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 (b) is a schematic configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the organic field-effect transistor using the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 (a) is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of a display device equipped with an electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 (b) is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a notebook personal computer equipped with an electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 (c) is a schematic view showing one embodiment of a mobile computer equipped with the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 (d) is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a portable image reproducing apparatus equipped with the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 (e) is a schematic view showing one embodiment of a goggle type display equipped with an electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 (f) is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a video camera equipped with the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 (g) is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of a mobile phone equipped with the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows an organic device electrode 100 according to the present invention, in which conductive fine particles 102 made of fine particles of a conductive inorganic compound are dispersed in a single or plural kinds of organic compounds 101.
- the composite material is formed in a layer on the electrode forming surface of the organic layer 11 O of the organic device.
- the particle size of the conductive fine particles 102 is 1 [nm] to 100 Cnm], preferably "! [Nm] to 20 [nm]. That is, the electrode 100 for organic devices is made of a conductive inorganic material. This is a dispersion of CO conductive fine particles 102 in an organic compound 101 while maintaining the properties of the compound.
- the metal acts at the atomic level with the organic compound to form a metal complex. This clearly distinguishes a state in which a portion where components retaining the original metal properties are not present in the electrode is present.
- the conductive fine particles 102 dispersed at a high density have a large specific surface area
- the interaction between the conductive fine particles 102 and the organic compound 101 causes Alternatively, it can function as an acceptor and, because of the presence of the matrix of organic compound 101, has good adhesion to the organic layer "I10", making it suitable for electrodes for organic devices.
- a conductive inorganic compound having a conductivity 5 is 10 to 15 [SZm] or more
- the organic compound 102 used for the organic device electrode 100 may be a single organic compound or an organic compound obtained by mixing a plurality of types. However, it is preferable to use a ⁇ -conjugated organic compound in order to assist carrier movement in the organic device electrode 100.
- Organic compounds having a 7 ⁇ conjugated system include, for example, 4,4′-bis [ ⁇ — (3-methylphenyl) -1-phenyl-1-amino] biphenyl (abbreviation: TPD), 4,4′-bis [ ⁇ — (1-naphthyl) 100-phenyl-amino] biphenyl (abbreviation: Qi-NPD), 4, 4J, 4 "—tris (N, N-diphenyl / reamino) triphenylamine (abbreviation: TDATA) ), 4, 4 ', 4 "— Squirrel [N— (3-methylphenyl) -1-N-phenylamido Z] triphenylamine (abbreviation: MT DATA), 2,5-bis (1-1naphthyl) -1,3,4-oxodazole (abbreviation: BND) , 2- (4-biphenylyl) -1-5- (4-tert-butylphenyl
- the conductive fine particles 102 include one or more kinds of typical metals, transition metals, lanthanoids and other metals and alloys (specifically, L Mg, Ca, A and Ag, Au, Cu, Pt ), Inorganic compounds containing Group 5 elements (nitrides, phosphides, arsenides), inorganic compounds containing Group 16 elements (oxides, sulphides, selenides, tellurides), such as an inorganic compound (bromide, iodide) containing 1 group 7 element, the inorganic compounds other than metals (specifically, M g 3 N 2, C a 3 N 2, ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ 0, ⁇ i O, ⁇ 0 3, V 2 0 5, Z n S, Cd S, Cd S e, Cu l or the like), a visible light region In a transparent conductor (Rh, P d, C r , S i 0 2, I n 2 0 3, C d 0, T i 0 2, Z
- the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention has a wide range of application IS, and is specialized in an electron injection function, a hole injection function, or one of an electron injection function and a hole injection function. It can be configured to have both functions.
- the organic device electrode 100a shown in FIG. 2 (a) is a conductive fine particle 102a dispersed in a matrix of the organic compound 101a, and has a work number of 4.2 eV or less.
- conductive inorganic compounds e.g., L i, Mg, Ca, Mg 3 n 2, C a 3 n 2 , etc.
- the semiconductor showing a or n-type (e.g., Z nO, Z n S, Cd S, C d S e )
- a or n-type e.g., Z nO, Z n S, Cd S, C d S e
- the organic compound 1 01 a an electron transporting organic reduction ⁇ objects (e.g., BND, PBD, OXD- 7, TAZ, BP hen, B CP, TPBI, AI q 3, B e B q 2, BA 1 q, Z n (BOX) 2 etc.) ⁇ ) Desirable.
- an electron transporting organic reduction ⁇ objects e.g., BND, PBD, OXD- 7, TAZ, BP hen, B CP, TPBI, AI q 3, B e B q 2, BA 1 q, Z n (BOX) 2 etc.
- the electrode 100b for an organic device shown in FIG. 2 (b) is a conductive fine particle 102b dispersed in a matrix of an organic compound 101b, and has a conductivity of more than 4.2 [eV].
- sex inorganic compounds e.g., a g, a u, Cu , P t, I tO etc.
- the semiconductor showing a or p-type e.g., N i 0, Mo0 3, V 2 0 5 , etc.
- the electrode 100c for organic devices shown in Fig. 2 (c) is a conductive fine particle 102c dispersed in the matrix of the organic compound 101c, and has a conductivity of 4.2 eV or less.
- inorganic compounds e.g., L i, Mg, Ca, Mg 3 n 2, C a 3 n 2 , etc.
- the semiconductor showing a or n-type (e.g., Z nO, Z n S, C d S, C d S e etc.
- the first formation method involves dispersing an organic compound and conductive fine particles, which are finely divided conductive inorganic compounds, in the same solvent, and wet-coating (dip-coating, spin-coating) , Inkjet, etc.) to form an organic deposition electrode.
- conductive fine particles which are finely divided conductive inorganic compounds
- wet-coating dip-coating, spin-coating
- Inkjet etc.
- the particle size and the mixing amount of the conductive particles can be controlled in advance, so that the production is easy and the quality does not vary. Since it is possible to use an inorganic compound (an inorganic compound having a low vapor pressure) which is difficult to vaporize as conductive fine particles, there is an advantage that the material selection of the conductive fine particles is broadened.
- a film In general, it is often difficult to form a film by uniformly mixing fine particles of a metal or an inorganic compound with an organic compound.
- the surface of the metal or the mineralized t-substance is previously treated with alkylthiol. Dispersibility can be improved by treating with a surface stabilizer such as alkyl trisilane.
- a conductive inorganic compound is generated by a reaction in an organic solvent under an inert atmosphere. It is also possible to prepare a mixed dispersion with an organic compound from a state in which the conductive inorganic compound has grown into fine particles, and form the film as a thin film by wet coating.
- the second method is to form an electrode for an organic device while controlling the weight ratio of the organic compound capable of being vapor-deposited and the conductive inorganic compound capable of being vapor-deposited so that the weight ratio is in the range of 4 ::!
- an electrode for an organic device is formed by dispersing a conductive fine particle in which an excessive amount of a conductive inorganic compound has been formed into fine particles by co-evaporating the conductive fine particles onto a matrix made of an organic compound.
- the metal reacts with the organic compound in an atomic level to form a metal complex, thereby improving the properties of the metal.
- the conductive inorganic compound / organic compound should be 1 Z 4 or more (preferably 12 or more) 4 Z 1 or less (preferably 2 1 or less) Control the weight ratio so that While it deposited by co-evaporation, a conductive matrix comprising an organic compound That is, the conductive fine particles are dispersed.
- controllability at the weight J control (controllability at the crystal oscillator monitor) is improved.
- an extremely clean contact interface between the fine particles of the conductive inorganic compound and the organic compound in a vacuum container having no impurities other than the organic compound and the conductive inorganic compound as the vapor deposition components. Can be formed.
- FIG. 3 shows a TEM photograph of a cross section of the electrode for an organic device fabricated by the above-described second method.
- This has a structure in which layers of ⁇ ⁇ I organic device electrode ZA I are stacked in this order.
- the deposition rate of Mg used as the conductive inorganic compound is fixed at 0.1 [nmZs], and A1q used as the organic compound is 3 also evaporated, total deposition rate is 0. 2 [nm / s] become so co-deposition of the adjusted while Mg and AI q 3 was carried out.
- Mg and AI q 3 ratio by weight of 1 since the conditions set to be 1.
- the deposition rate of the Mg component tends to increase in the early stage of the evaporation of both components, resulting in excessive supply of IVlg on the side very close to the AI thin film formed on the substrate.
- a shadow with a particle size of several nm to several tens of nm was observed in the electrode layer directly above the AI thin film on the substrate side.
- This is considered to be a metal crystal because of its heterogeneous contrast. Therefore, it was confirmed that Mg crystallites (that is, conductive fine particles) can be dispersedly formed in an organic compound matrix by co-evaporation.
- Figure 4 (a) shows the device structure.
- FIG. 4 (a) is a known organic EL device in which a reference electrode for an organic device having an electron injection function (the type of FIG. 2 (a) described above) is introduced as an electron injection electrode, and 201 is an anode, 202 is a cathode, 203 is an electroluminescent layer, and 204 f is an electron injection electrode.
- the electroluminescent layer 203 is capable of electroluminescence or emitted by carrier injection. This is a layer containing an organic compound that can emit light.
- the glass substrate on which the ITO was used as the anode 201 was patterned and washed by boiling with ethanol, and the surface of the substrate was washed with an ozone plasma washing machine. After setting the material to be deposited with the cleaned substrate in a vacuum evaporation apparatus, the interior of the chamber one 1 0 - pressure was reduced to 4 [P a] degree.
- TPD was deposited at a rate of about 0.2 to 0.4 [nmZs] to form a 70 [nm] film.
- Alq 3 was deposited at a rate of about 0.2 to 0.4 CnmXs] to form a film of 60 [nm].
- the above is the electroluminescent layer 203.
- the device characteristics of the organic E element fabricated as described above are shown in Fig. 5 (Example D in the figure.
- the horizontal axis is the current density [V]
- the vertical axis is the external quantum efficiency [%: extracted outside. (Number of photons / Number of injected carriers) At the time of light emission (D external quantum efficiency was about 0.6 to 1.1%.
- FIG. 4 shows an electrode for an organic device having both an electron injection function and a hole injection function (electrode of the type shown in FIG. 2 (c), or type shown in FIG. 2 (a) and FIG. 2 (a)).
- B is a known organic EL element (MPE element) in which an electrode having a structure in which the type (b) is laminated) is introduced as an internal electrode, 201 is an anode, 202 is a free electrode, and 203a is a first electrode.
- MPE element organic EL element
- the electroluminescent layer of-, 203b is a second electroluminescent layer
- 205 is a charge generation layer composed of an electron injection electrode layer 205a and a hole injection electrode layer 205b.
- the first electroluminescent layer 203a and the second electroluminescent layer 203b are layers containing an organic compound which can reduce electroluminescence or can emit light by carrier injection.
- the charge generation layer 205 is not connected to an external circuit, and serves as a floating internal electrode. In the organic EL device having the above-described configuration, when a voltage V is applied between the anode 201 and the cathode 202, the first electroluminescence is generated from the electron injection electrode layer 205a of the charge generation layer 205.
- Electrons are injected into the layer 203a, and holes are injected from the hole injection electrode layer 205b of the charge generation layer 205 to the second electroluminescent layer 203b. You. On the other hand, from the perspective of the external circuit, holes are present from the anode 201 to the first electroluminescent layer 203a, and from the cathode 202 to the second electroluminescent layer 203b. Since electrons are injected, recombination of carriers occurs in both the first electroluminescent layer 203a and the second electroluminescent layer 203b, resulting in light emission.
- both the first electroluminescent layer 203a and the second electroluminescent layer 203b can emit photons corresponding to the current I. Therefore, there is a merit that the same current can emit twice the amount of light as compared with an organic EL device in which electroluminescence I is a single layer.
- MPE device As a charge generation layer in the above-mentioned organic EL device (MPE device), An example of manufacturing an organic EL device to which an electrode for an organic device is applied will be described.
- the glass substrate on which the ITO was used as the anode 201 was patterned and washed by boiling with ethanol, and the substrate surface was further washed with an ozone plasma washing machine. After the washed substrate and the material to be deposited were set in a vacuum deposition apparatus, the pressure in the chamber was reduced to about 10 to 4 Pa.
- TPD was deposited at a rate of about 0.2 to 0.4 nmZs to form a 70 nm film. Then, by depositing AI 3 3 0. 2 ⁇ 0. About Leh Bok 4 n mZ s, it was 60 nm deposited. The above is the first electroluminescent layer 203a.
- a multiphoton emission element (I TOZT PD (70 nm) / AI q 3 (60 nm) / Mg: AI q 3 (1 O nm) using the organic device electrode of the present invention formed as described above.
- the external quantum efficiency during light emission is 1.2 to 1.
- the drive voltage of the device that was ⁇ : as Example 2 was higher than that of the device of Example 1, but the external quantum efficiency was higher than that of the device of Example 1; It turns out that it operates as a mission element. Therefore, it was clarified that the electrode for an organic device of the present invention having the structure as described in the above item 12 functions as a charge generation layer and can inject both holes and electrons.
- Fig. 6 shows the device structure.
- Fig. 6 (a) shows an organic field-effect transistor in which the charge generation layer is introduced as an internal electrode.
- the substrate 301, the first gate electrode 302, and the first gate insulation are shown.
- the electron transport layer 305a and the hole transport layer 305b are collectively referred to as an organic semiconductor layer.
- FIG. 3 (a) As shown in (1), electrons are injected from the charge generation layer 306 into the electron transport layer 305a and holes are injected into the hole transport layer 305b by the electric field effect.
- the first gate insulating film 303 and the second gate insulating film 308 exist, the first gate electrode 302 and the second gate electrode 310 Therefore, carriers are not injected into the organic semiconductor layer.
- the first source electrode 304a and the first drain V sd 1 (> 0) between the in-electrode 304 b and V sd 2 ( ⁇ 0) between the second source electrode 300 b and the second drain electrode 307a Apply.
- the electrons in the electron storage channel layer near the first gate insulating film 303 and the holes in the hole storage channel layer near the second gate insulating film 308 become the respective source-drain regions. Apply current to the circuit.
- the amount of current flowing between the source and drain electrodes is determined to be determined by the amount of charge injected from the source electrode, which is the high-speed controllability and the control current of the organic field-effect transistor. Is the limiting factor.
- the above-mentioned organic field effect transistor using the charge generation layer has the advantage that a large amount of current can be controlled at high speed because charges generated by applying an electric field from the charge generation layer are used instead of charges injected from the source electrode. Having.
- the charge generation layer needs to have the function of injecting holes in the upward direction and electrons in the downward direction in FIG. That is, when the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention is used as the charge generation layer 303 (internal charge generation electrode), the above-described organic field effect transistor can be realized.
- the electrode for an organic device according to the present invention can be mounted on an electronic device.
- Electronic devices include mobile phones, personal computers, monitors, video cameras, digital cameras, goggle-type displays, navigation systems, audio components, car audio, game devices, mobile computers, portable game machines, electronic books, An image reproducing device provided with a recording medium is exemplified. Specific examples of these electronic devices are shown in FIGS. 7 (a) to (g).
- FIG. 7 (a) shows an embodiment of the display device, including a housing 1001, a support base 1002, a display section 1003, a part of a speaker 1004, and a video input terminal 1010. Includes 0 5 etc.
- the electrode for an organic device of the present invention is mounted on the display section 103 or the like.
- Display devices equipped with electrodes for organic devices include devices for displaying information such as for computers, for receiving TV broadcasts, and for displaying advertisements.
- FIG. 7 (b) shows an embodiment of the notebook type personal computer, which includes a main body 1201, a housing 122, a display section 123, a keypad 122, and an external connection port 1. 205, pointing mouse 1 206, etc.
- the electrode for an organic device of the present invention is described in the display section 1203 and the like.
- FIG. 7 (c) shows an embodiment of the mobile computer, which includes a main body 1301, a display section 1302, a switch 1303, an operation key 1304, an infrared port "I305", and the like.
- the electrodes are mounted on the display section 1302 and the like.
- FIG. 7 (d) shows an embodiment of a portable image reproducing device (specifically, a DZO D reproducing device) equipped with a recording medium.
- Display unit 1 Reference numeral 403 mainly represents image information, and the display portions 1404 mainly display character information.
- the organic device electrode of the present invention is mounted on these display portions 1403, 1404, and the like.
- the provided image reproducing device includes a home game machine and the like.
- FIG. 7 (e) shows an embodiment of a goggle type display, which includes a main body 1501, a display section 1502, and an arm section 1503.
- the electrode for an organic device of the present invention is mounted on the display unit 1502 and the like.
- FIG. 7 (f) shows an embodiment of the video camera, including a main body 1601, a display section 1602, a housing 1603, an external connection port 1604, a remote control receiving section 1605, an image receiving section 1606, and a battery 1 607, a voice input section 1608, an operation key 1609, an eyepiece section 1610, and the like.
- the electrode for an organic device of the present invention is mounted on the display portion 2602 or the like.
- FIG. 7 ( g ) shows an embodiment of a mobile phone, including a main body 1701, a housing 1702, a display section 1703, a voice input section 1704, a voice output section 1705, and operation keys 1706. , External connection port 1 707, antenna 1 708, and the like. It is manufactured by using the electrode for organic device of the present invention for the display portion 1703 and the like. Note that the display portion 1703 can reduce power consumption of the mobile phone by displaying white characters on a black background.
- the applicable range of the electrode for an organic device of the present invention is extremely wide, and the versatility is expanded by mounting the electrode for an organic device on electronic devices in various fields.
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Abstract
Description
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JP2005513833A JPWO2005027587A1 (ja) | 2003-08-25 | 2004-08-24 | 有機デバイス用電極、有機デバイス用電極を有する電子機器、および有機デバイス用電極の形成方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US7504049B2 (en) | 2009-03-17 |
CN100551192C (zh) | 2009-10-14 |
JP5089750B2 (ja) | 2012-12-05 |
CN1871878A (zh) | 2006-11-29 |
US20050123751A1 (en) | 2005-06-09 |
JP2011077044A (ja) | 2011-04-14 |
JPWO2005027587A1 (ja) | 2006-11-24 |
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