WO2005016146A1 - 生体認識装置 - Google Patents
生体認識装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005016146A1 WO2005016146A1 PCT/JP2004/011605 JP2004011605W WO2005016146A1 WO 2005016146 A1 WO2005016146 A1 WO 2005016146A1 JP 2004011605 W JP2004011605 W JP 2004011605W WO 2005016146 A1 WO2005016146 A1 WO 2005016146A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- detection
- circuit
- recognition device
- biometric recognition
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
- G06V40/1382—Detecting the live character of the finger, i.e. distinguishing from a fake or cadaver finger
- G06V40/1394—Detecting the live character of the finger, i.e. distinguishing from a fake or cadaver finger using acquisition arrangements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/117—Identification of persons
- A61B5/1171—Identification of persons based on the shapes or appearances of their bodies or parts thereof
- A61B5/1172—Identification of persons based on the shapes or appearances of their bodies or parts thereof using fingerprinting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
- A61B5/6825—Hand
- A61B5/6826—Finger
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/683—Means for maintaining contact with the body
- A61B5/6838—Clamps or clips
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/40—Spoof detection, e.g. liveness detection
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
- A61B5/0531—Measuring skin impedance
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technology for detecting and recognizing a living body, and in particular, when detecting biometric information such as a fingerprint from a subject and performing personal recognition, a living body that determines whether or not the subject is a living body It is about recognition technology.
- ID cards were used to control access to computer rooms, but the possibility of loss or theft was high.
- personal identification systems in which fingerprints of each individual are registered in advance in place of ID cards and collated when entering a room, have begun to be introduced.
- such a personal recognition system can pass the detection by creating a replica of a registered fingerprint or the like. Therefore, the personal recognition system needs to recognize not only the fingerprint verification but also that the subject is a living body.
- the living body detection device includes a vibrating unit 73 that outputs a high-frequency signal, an electrode unit 70 of a non-resonant circuit including an electrode 71 to which a high-frequency signal is applied from the oscillating unit 73 and that is in contact with a subject; A detection unit 74 that outputs a reflected wave signal according to the impedance change of the unit 70, and compares the reflected wave signal from the detection unit 74 with a predetermined reference signal to determine whether the subject that has come into contact with the electrode 71 is a living body.
- a determination unit 76 for determination and a reference signal setting unit 75 for setting a reference signal for determining whether the subject is a living body in advance and providing the reference signal to the determination unit 76 are provided.
- a high-frequency signal is supplied from the oscillation unit 73 to the electrode unit 70.
- the impedance of the electrode 70 changes.
- the impedance of the subject and the input of the electrode 70 are measured.
- impedance matching is provided between the input side and the force side, when the subject is a human body, the reflected wave of the high-frequency signal is reduced by the impedance matching.
- the detecting unit 74 detects this reflected wave, and the determining unit 76 compares the reflected wave with the reference signal. If the detected signal is smaller than the detection level, it is determined that the human body has touched.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and does not require reflected wave measurement, and can detect the electrical characteristics of a subject in detail without increasing the size of the apparatus.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a biometric recognition device that can easily realize a reduction in the size of the device and a chip.
- a biometric recognition device is connected to a detection element that is in electrical contact with a subject, a supply signal generation unit that generates an AC supply signal, and a supply signal generation unit and the detection element.
- Response signal including one or more individual parameters that change depending on whether or not the subject is a living body from one end of the resistance element by applying a supply signal to the detection element via the resistance element.
- a response signal generation unit for extracting and outputting at least one of the individual parameters from the response signal as waveform information, and a waveform information detection unit for outputting a detection signal indicating the waveform information; Determine if the sample is a living organism And a biometric recognition unit.
- a predetermined supply signal is applied to a detection element via a resistance element, and one or more of which change depending on whether or not the subject contacting via the detection element is a living body
- a response signal containing the individual parameters of the subject is extracted, and from the response signal, whether or not the subject is a living body is determined based on a detection signal indicating at least one of the individual parameters.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a biometric recognition device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a biometric recognition device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3A to FIG. 3D are signal waveform diagrams showing signals of respective parts of the biometric recognition apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a biometric recognition device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B are signal waveform diagrams showing signals of respective parts of the biometric recognition device of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a biometric recognition apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a biometric recognition device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a biometric recognition according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention Block diagram showing the device configuration FIG.
- 10A to 10E are signal waveform diagrams showing signals of respective parts of the biometric recognition device of FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a biometric recognition device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- 12A to 12D are signal waveform diagrams showing signals of respective parts of the biometric recognition device of FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a biometric recognition device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- 14A to 14D are signal waveform diagrams showing signals of respective parts of the biometric recognition device of FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a biometric recognition device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- 16A to 16C are signal waveform diagrams showing signals of respective parts of the biometric recognition device in FIG.
- FIG. 17A-FIG. 17B are signal waveform diagrams showing signals of respective parts of another biometric recognition device.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a biometric recognition apparatus according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 19A to 19D are signal waveform diagrams showing an operation of detecting a phase difference from a response signal.
- FIG. 20A-FIG. 20C are signal waveform diagrams showing an amplitude detection operation from a response signal.
- FIG. 21A to FIG. 21D are signal waveform diagrams showing changes in phase difference with frequency.
- FIG. 22A to FIG. 22D are signal waveform diagrams showing changes in amplitude with frequency.
- FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing a reference range for a recognition index value.
- FIG. 24 shows a configuration of a biometric recognition apparatus according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram.
- FIG. 25A-C] FIG. 25A-FIG. 25C are signal waveform diagrams showing changes in phase difference with elapsed time.
- FIG. 26A-FIG. 26C are signal waveform diagrams showing changes in amplitude with elapsed time.
- FIG. 27] is an explanatory diagram showing a reference range for a recognition index value.
- FIG. 28 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a biometric recognition device according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 29 is a configuration example of a waveform shaping circuit used in FIG.
- FIG. 30 is a configuration example of a low-pass filter used in FIG. 29.
- FIG. 31 shows a configuration example of a waveform shaping circuit used in a biometric recognition apparatus according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 32 shows a configuration example of an amplitude limiting circuit used in FIG.
- FIG. 33 is a signal waveform diagram illustrating the operation of the amplitude limiting circuit of FIG. 32.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram illustrating a vibration used in a biometric recognition apparatus according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 35 shows a configuration example of a waveform shaping circuit used in a biometric recognition apparatus according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 36 is a configuration example of an amplitude limiting low-pass filter used in FIG.
- FIG. 37 is a signal waveform diagram showing an operation of the amplitude limiting low-pass filter of FIG. 36.
- FIG. 38] shows another example of the configuration of the ⁇ -limit low-pass filter used in the biometric recognition apparatus according to the sixteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 39 is a signal waveform diagram showing an operation of the amplitude-limited low-pass filter of FIG. 38.
- FIG. 40] FIG. 40 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a biometric recognition device according to a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 41 is a configuration example of a waveform shaping circuit used in FIG.
- FIG. 42 is a configuration example of the variable low-pass filter used in FIG. 41.
- FIG. 43 is a configuration example of the variable capacitance circuit used in FIG. [FIG. 44A-C]
- FIGS. 44A-44C are signal waveform diagrams showing the operation of the supply signal generator of FIG.
- FIG. 45 is a configuration example of a conventional fingerprint matching device.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a biometric recognition device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- This biometric recognition device includes a detection element 1, a supply signal generation unit 2, a response signal generation unit 3, a waveform information detection unit 4, and a biometric recognition unit 5.
- the detection element 1 makes electrical contact with the subject 10 via the detection electrode, and connects the capacitance component and the resistance component of the impedance of the subject 10 to the response signal generation unit 3.
- the supply signal generation unit 2 generates a supply signal 2S including a sine wave of a predetermined frequency or the like, and outputs the supply signal 2S to the response signal generation unit 3.
- the response signal generation section 3 has a resistance element R connected between the supply signal generation section 2 and the detection element 1, and detects the supply signal 2S from the supply signal generation section 2 via this resistance element Rs.
- 3S is output to the waveform information detector 4.
- the waveform information detection unit 4 detects a phase difference or an amplitude with respect to the supply signal 2S from the waveform indicated by the response signal 3S from the response signal generation unit 3, and includes waveform information indicating the phase difference or the amplitude.
- the detection signal 4S is output to the biometric recognition unit 5.
- the biometric recognition unit 5 determines whether or not the subject 10 is a living body based on the waveform information included in the detection signal 4S from the waveform information detection unit 4, and outputs a recognition result 5S.
- the supply signal 2S applied from the supply signal generation unit 2 to the detection element 1 causes the impedance characteristic unique to the subject 10, that is, the capacitance component and the resistance.
- the response signal changes and is output from the response signal generator 3 as a response signal 3S.
- the phase difference or the amplitude of the response signal 3S is detected by the waveform information detection unit 4, and a detection signal 4S including information indicating the detection result is output to the biological recognition unit 5.
- the living body recognition unit 5 recognizes and determines whether the subject 10 is a living body based on whether the waveform information included in the detection signal 4S is within the reference range of the valid living body waveform information, The recognition result 5S is output.
- the waveform information detecting unit 4 by providing the waveform information detecting unit 4 and detecting the waveform information indicating the phase difference or the amplitude of the response signal 3S, the real number of the impedance unique to the subject 10 is obtained. Since the information indicating the component or the imaginary component is detected, and whether or not the subject 10 is a living body is determined by the biometric recognition unit 5 based on the detected information, it is relatively simple to detect the waveform information as compared with the related art. The electrical characteristics of the subject can be inspected in detail with a simple circuit configuration, and the size and size of the biometric recognition device can be reduced.
- the phase difference or the amplitude included in response signal 3S can be regarded as one or more individual parameters that change depending on whether or not the subject is a living body. That is, the response signal generator 3 includes a response signal 3S including one or more individual parameters that change depending on whether or not the subject is a living body from one end of the resistance element Rs, that is, a connection point between the resistance element Rs and the detection element 1.
- the waveform information detector 4 detects at least one of the individual parameters as waveform information from the waveform of the response signal 3S, and outputs a detection signal indicating the waveform information.
- phase and amplitude of the response signal 3S that changes according to the impedance of the subject 10 that is in contact with the detection element 1 are used as the individual parameters. Become.
- the magnitudes of the imaginary and real components of the subject may be calculated from the phase difference and the amplitude, and compared with the reference ranges of the imaginary and real components of a valid living body.
- the real and imaginary components of the impedance of the subject 10 contacting via the detection element 1 are used as the individual parameters.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a biometric recognition device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and the same or equivalent parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the waveform information detection unit 4 detects the phase difference of the response signal 3S as waveform information used for biometric recognition determination.
- the detection element 1 is provided with a detection electrode 11 and a detection electrode 12 for making electrical contact with the subject 10.
- the supply signal generation unit 2 includes a frequency generation circuit 21 and a waveform shaping circuit 22.
- the response signal generation unit 3 is provided with a current-voltage conversion circuit 31.
- the waveform information detection section 4A is provided with a reference signal generation circuit 41 and a phase comparison circuit 42.
- the biometric recognition unit 5A is provided with a signal conversion circuit 51 and a determination circuit 52.
- the detection electrode 11 is connected to a common potential such as a ground potential, and the detection electrode 12 is connected to the output stage of the current-to-voltage conversion circuit 31 of the response signal generator 3.
- the frequency generation circuit 21 generates a clock signal of a predetermined frequency
- the waveform shaping circuit 22 generates a supply signal 2S including a sine wave based on the clock signal from the frequency generation circuit 21. Output.
- the supply signal 2S may be supplied from an external waveform generator instead of the supply signal generator 2.
- the current-voltage conversion circuit 31 of the response signal generation unit 3 includes a resistance element Rs connected between the supply signal generation unit 2 and the detection element 1, and has a predetermined output impedance sufficiently lower than the impedance of a living body.
- the supply signal 2S is applied to the subject 10, and at that time, the current flowing through the subject 10 via the detection element 1 is converted into a voltage and output as a response signal 3S.
- the reference signal generation circuit 41 of the waveform information detection unit 4A outputs a reference signal 41S synchronized with the supply signal 2S to the phase comparison circuit 42.
- the phase comparison circuit 42 compares the phase of the response signal 3S and the phase of the reference signal 41S, thereby detecting a phase difference corresponding to an impedance characteristic inherent to the subject 10, here, a capacitance component, and outputs the detection signal 4AS.
- the supply signal 2S may be used as the reference signal 41S.
- the signal conversion circuit 51 of the biometric recognition unit 5 converts the detection signal 4AS from the phase comparison circuit 42 into a conversion signal 51S that can be easily determined by the determination circuit 52.
- the judgment circuit 52 is a signal conversion circuit 5
- the phase difference force indicated by the converted signal 51S from 1 is determined to be within the phase difference reference range indicating the legitimate impedance characteristic of the living body.
- the recognition result 5S for the sample 10 is output.
- the subject 10 is connected to the output stage of the current-to-voltage conversion circuit 31 via the detection electrode 11 and the detection electrode 12 of the detection element 1.
- the impedance unique to the subject 10 can be represented by a capacitance component Cf and a resistance component Rf connected between the detection electrode 11 and the detection electrode 12 of the detection element 1. Therefore, the supply signal 2S applied with a predetermined output impedance from the current-to-voltage conversion circuit 31 is divided by the output impedance of the current-to-voltage conversion circuit 31 and the impedance unique to each subject 10. Then, the phase or amplitude of the current flowing through the subject 10 changes in accordance with the impedance unique to each subject 10, and these changes are output as a response signal 3S converted into a voltage.
- the phase comparison circuit 42 of the waveform information detection section 4A compares the phase of the reference signal 41S output from the reference signal generation circuit 41 with the phase of the response signal 3S, and determines the phase of the response signal 3S. Outputs detection signal 4AS including information (phase difference).
- FIGS. 3A to 3D show examples of signal waveforms at various parts in FIG.
- a sine wave centered on a common potential such as a ground potential is used as the supply signal 2S
- the phase of the response signal 3S changes according to the impedance of the subject 10.
- a detection signal 4AS having a pulse width of, for example, the phase difference ⁇ is output.
- phase comparison circuit 42 in the waveform information detection unit 4A and comparing the phase of the response signal 3S with the phase of the reference signal 41S, the phase that changes according to the capacitance component unique to the subject 10 is obtained.
- waveform information indicating the waveform of the response signal 3S, so that, for example, general comparators and logic circuits that do not require resistors or capacitors that require
- An extremely simple circuit configuration called a phase comparison circuit can detect in detail the electrical characteristics of the subject, in this case, information indicating the imaginary component of the impedance unique to the subject 10. Can be easily realized.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a biometric recognition apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and the same or equivalent parts as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the waveform information detection unit 4A uses the capacitance component of the impedance of the subject 10 included in the response signal 3S as the waveform information indicating the imaginary component of the impedance unique to the subject 10.
- the waveform information detection unit 4B detects the phase information included in the response signal 3S as the waveform information indicating the real component of the impedance unique to the subject 10. A case where the resistance component of the impedance of the sample 10 is detected will be described.
- a peak voltage detection circuit 43 is provided in the waveform information detection section 4B.
- This peak voltage detection circuit 43 detects an impedance characteristic inherent to the subject 10, that is, a change in amplitude corresponding to a resistance component from the response signal 3S, and outputs it as a detection signal 4BS.
- a specific example of the peak voltage detection circuit 43 is a sump-no-hold circuit. Note that, in the biometric recognition apparatus of FIG. 4, the configuration other than the waveform information detection unit 4B is the same as that of FIG. 2, and a detailed description is omitted.
- the subject 10 is connected to the output stage of the current / voltage conversion circuit 31 via the detection electrode 11 and the detection electrode 12 of the detection element 1.
- the impedance unique to the subject 10 can be represented by a capacitance component Cf and a resistance component Rf connected between the detection electrode 11 and the detection electrode 12 of the detection element 1.
- the supply signal 2S applied with a predetermined output impedance from the current-voltage conversion circuit 31 is divided by the output impedance of the current-voltage conversion circuit 31 and the impedance unique to each subject 10.
- the phase or amplitude of the current flowing through the subject 10 changes in accordance with the impedance unique to each subject 10, and these changes are output as a response signal 3S converted into a voltage.
- the peak voltage detection circuit 43 of the waveform information detection unit 4B outputs a detection signal 4BS including the amplitude peak value of the response signal 3S.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B show examples of signal waveforms at various parts in FIG. Ground signal as supply signal 2S
- a sine wave centering on a common potential such as a potential
- the amplitude of the response signal 3S changes in accordance with the impedance of the subject 10 around the common potential.
- the peak voltage detection circuit 43 detects the peak voltage of the response signal 3S, that is, the maximum value or the minimum value of the voltage, and outputs a detection signal 4BS indicating a DC potential proportional to the amplitude A of the response signal 3S.
- the peak voltage detection circuit 43 is provided in the waveform information detection unit 4B, and the amplitude that changes according to the resistance component unique to the subject 10 is detected as the waveform information indicating the waveform of the response signal 3S.
- the test object has a very simple circuit configuration, for example, a peak voltage detection circuit such as a general-purpose sump-no-hold circuit that does not require a resistor element that requires a large area and a capacitor element. It is possible to detect in detail the electrical characteristics of the object, in this case, information indicating the real component of the impedance inherent to the subject 10, and it is possible to easily realize the miniaturization of the biometric recognition apparatus and the chip formation.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a biometric recognition apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and the same or equivalent parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the waveform information detection unit 4 is provided to detect the waveform information indicating the phase information or the amplitude information from the response signal 3S has been described, but in the present embodiment, A case will be described in which two waveform information detectors 4A and 4B are provided, and the biological information is detected by detecting in parallel the waveform information indicating the phase information and the amplitude information from the response signal 3S.
- the waveform information detection unit 4A is equivalent to the waveform information detection unit 4A in FIG. 2 described above, and the phase comparison circuit 42 compares the reference signal 41S output from the reference signal generation circuit 41 with the response signal 3S. Then, a detection signal 4AS including the phase information of the response signal 3S is output.
- the waveform information detection unit 4B is equivalent to the waveform information detection unit 4B of FIG. 4 described above, and the peak voltage detection circuit 43 detects the amplitude peak value of the response signal 3S, and generates the detection signal 4BS including the peak value. Output.
- the signal conversion circuit 51A of the biometric recognition unit 5A converts the detection signals 4AS and 4BS from the waveform information detection units 4A and 4B into conversion signals 5AS and 5BS, respectively, which are easy to determine, and sends them to the determination circuit 52A. Output.
- the determination circuit 52A determines whether or not the converted signals 5AS and 5BS from the signal conversion circuit 51A are within the phase difference reference range and the amplitude reference range, each of which indicates a valid biological impedance characteristic. Thus, the recognition of whether or not the subject 10 is a living body is determined, and the recognition result 5S for the subject 10 is output.
- the waveform information detecting sections 4A and 4B are provided to detect the waveform information indicating the phase difference and the amplitude of the response signal 3S, and the biometric recognizing section 5A based on the detected information.
- a general comparator / logic that does not require, for example, a resistance element or a capacitance element requiring a large area.
- a phase comparison circuit such as a circuit
- the electrical characteristics of the subject in this case, information that indicates the real and imaginary components of the impedance unique to the subject 10 can be detected in detail, and the size of the biometric recognition device can be reduced.
- the biometric recognition judgment is performed based on both information indicating the real component and the imaginary component of the impedance of the subject, the information obtained by detecting the real component and the imaginary component as one unit is used. It is extremely difficult to select the material and material of the subject and individually adjust the real and imaginary components compared to the case of performing biometric recognition judgment. Gain security.
- the waveform information detector 4A detects the imaginary component based on the waveform information indicating the phase difference of the response signal 3S, and detects the waveform information.
- a signal conversion circuit The pulse width may be converted into a voltage at 51 and 51 A, and compared with the phase difference reference range also specified by the voltage by the comparators of the signal conversion circuits 51 and 51A.
- the phase difference reference range specified by the time length is used, a signal change is obtained by comparing the reference pulse indicating the phase difference reference range with the detection signal 4AS by the gate circuits of the determination circuits 52 and 52A as they are.
- the conversion circuits 51 and 51A can be omitted.
- the signal conversion circuit 51 is compared with the amplitude difference reference range defined by the voltage using the voltage comparators 51 and 51A. , 51A can be omitted.
- the voltage is converted into a pulse width by the signal conversion circuits 51 and 51A, and the reference pulse indicating the amplitude reference range and the gate circuit of the determination circuits 52 and 52A are used. What should be compared.
- the biometric recognition units 5 and 5A are configured by analog circuits, but they may be configured by digital circuits.
- the detection signals 4AS and 4BS may be AZD-converted by the signal conversion circuits 51 and 51A, and the obtained digital values may be compared by the decision circuits 52 and 52A with digital information indicating the phase difference reference range and the amplitude reference range. .
- the impedance unique to the subject is detected as the waveform information indicating the waveform of the response signal, and whether or not the subject is a living body is determined based on the waveform information.
- the biometric recognition units 5 and 5A can be configured with an extremely simple circuit, and the biometric recognition device can be easily downsized and a chip can be easily realized.
- the magnitudes of the imaginary and real components of the subject may be calculated from the phase difference and the amplitude, and compared with the reference ranges of the imaginary and real components of a valid living body.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a biometric recognition device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the configuration example of 4 is shown in detail.
- the waveform information detection unit 4A detects the phase difference between the reference signal 42S synchronized with the original supply signal 2S and the response signal 3S as the above-described waveform information, and detects the detection signal including the waveform information. 4AS is output.
- the same or equivalent parts as those in the first embodiment (see FIG. 1) are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the detection element 1 is provided with a detection electrode 11 and a detection electrode 12 for making electrical contact with the subject 10.
- the supply signal generation unit 2 includes a frequency generation circuit 21, a waveform shaping circuit 22, and an offset removal circuit 23.
- Response signal generator 3 Is provided with a current-voltage conversion circuit 31.
- the waveform information detection unit 4A includes a level shift circuit 41, a reference signal generation circuit 42, and a phase comparison circuit 43.
- the detection electrode 11 is connected to a common potential such as a ground potential, and the detection electrode 12 is connected to the output stage of the current-to-voltage conversion circuit 31 of the response signal generator 3.
- This common potential is supplied at a constant potential (low impedance) from a predetermined supply circuit unit (not shown) such as a power supply circuit.
- the frequency generation circuit 21 generates a clock signal of a predetermined frequency
- the waveform shaping circuit 22 has a repetitive waveform such as a sine wave or a triangular wave based on the clock signal from the frequency generation circuit 21.
- An AC shaping signal 22S is generated and output to the offset removing circuit 23.
- the offset removing circuit 23 removes the DC potential difference between the common potential and the center potential of the shaping signal 22S, that is, the offset, from the shaping signal 22S, and generates and outputs a supply signal 2S having the common potential as the center potential.
- the supply signal 2S may be supplied from an external waveform generator instead of the supply signal generator 2.
- the current-voltage conversion circuit 31 of the response signal generation unit 3 applies the supply signal 2S to the subject 10 at a predetermined output impedance sufficiently lower than the impedance of the living body, and at this time, the detection element 1
- the current flowing through the subject 10 through the device is converted into a voltage and output as a response signal 3S.
- the level shift circuit 41 of the waveform information detecting unit 4A level shifts the DC bias of the entire signal so that the response signal 3 having the common potential as the central potential becomes a predetermined reference potential as the central potential, and outputs the signal to be compared.
- the reference signal generation circuit 42 outputs a reference signal 42S synchronized with the supply signal 2S to the phase comparison circuit 43.
- the phase comparison circuit 43 compares the phase of the signal to be compared 41S with the phase of the reference signal 42S, thereby detecting the impedance characteristic unique to the subject 10, ie, the phase difference corresponding to the capacitance component as waveform information, and detecting the waveform.
- the supply signal 2S may be used as the reference signal 42S.
- the biometric recognition unit 5 determines whether or not the phase difference indicated by the detection signal 4AS from the phase comparison circuit 43 is within a phase difference reference range indicating a proper impedance characteristic of a living body. Recognition and determination of whether or not the subject 10 is a living body is performed. Output 5S.
- the subject 10 is connected to the output stage of the current-to-voltage conversion circuit 31 via the detection electrodes 11 and 12 of the detection element 1.
- the impedance peculiar to the subject 10 can be represented by a capacitance component Cf and a resistance component Rf connected between the detection electrode 11 and the detection electrode 12 of the detection element 1. Therefore, the supply signal 2S applied with a predetermined output impedance from the current-voltage conversion circuit 31 is divided by the output impedance of the current-voltage conversion circuit 31 and the impedance unique to each subject 10. Then, the phase or amplitude of the current flowing through the subject 10 changes in accordance with the impedance unique to each subject 10, and the change is output as a response signal 3S converted into a voltage.
- the phase comparison circuit 43 of the waveform information detection unit 4A compares the phase of the reference signal 42S output from the reference signal generation circuit 42 with the phase of the compared signal 41S, and outputs the response signal 3S Outputs the detection signal 4AS including the phase information (phase difference).
- the supply signal generation unit 2 is provided with an offset removing circuit 23 to remove the offset between the supply signal 2S and the common potential, thereby suppressing the application of the DC current to the subject 10 and In addition, the occurrence of an offset in the response signal 3S is avoided.
- a level shift circuit 41 is provided in the waveform information detection section 4A, and the level of the response signal 3S is shifted to generate a signal to be compared 41S whose central potential becomes the reference potential, and the level is shifted using the signal to be compared 41S. Phase difference is detected.
- FIG. 8A to FIG. 8F show signal waveform examples in each part of FIG.
- the shaped signal 22S has an offset corresponding to the central potential VA.
- the offset removing circuit 23 removes the offset to center the common potential. It generates and outputs the supply signal 2S to be a potential. Therefore, no DC current is applied to the subject 10, and a signal centered on the common potential and having no offset due to the resistance component Rf of the subject 10 is obtained as the response signal 3S.
- each signal processing circuit is operated by a single operation power supply, that is, an operation power supply only in the positive side (negative side) with respect to the ground potential.
- the response signal 3S is level-shifted so that the amplitude of the response signal 3S falls between the ground potential and the operating power supply potential VDD, and is output as the compared signal 41S.
- the phase comparison circuit 43 When comparing the compared signal 41S and the reference signal 42S, the phase comparison circuit 43 temporarily converts these analog signals into digital signals, and compares the phases by a logic circuit. When converting an analog signal to a digital signal, it is conceivable to amplify the analog signal with a high gain or to compare it with a predetermined threshold or value.
- the center potential of the analog signal does not match the desired reference potential, an error occurs in the phase obtained from the digital signal.
- the reference potential becomes a threshold value, and the analog signal is saturated with either the operating power supply potential VDD or the ground potential to be digitized. Therefore, the center potential of the analog signal deviates from the reference potential.
- the section length of the potential higher than the reference potential and the section length of the lower potential in the analog signal are asymmetric, and even if the response signal 3S is a sine wave, the duty ratio of the obtained digital signal is 1: 1. Error in the phase (rising edge and falling edge timing). The same applies to the case where an analog signal is digitized by comparing it with a predetermined threshold, that is, a reference potential.
- the level shift circuit 41 of the waveform information detection unit 4A shifts the level of the response signal 3S
- the level shift is performed so that the central potential of the response signal 3S matches the reference signal, thereby realizing a single operation power supply. It is also possible to suppress the occurrence of the above-mentioned phase error.
- the reference signal 42S from the reference signal generation circuit 42 is also digitized by the phase comparison circuit 43 in the same manner. At this time, by making the center potential of the reference signal 42S generated by the reference signal generation circuit 42 coincide with the reference potential at the time of level shift with respect to the response signal 3S, a digital signal with extremely small phase shift can be easily obtained. The phase difference can be accurately detected.
- phase of the response signal 3S changes according to the impedance of the subject 10.
- a signal synchronized with the supply signal 2S is used as the reference signal 42S, and the phase of the response signal 3S, that is, the signal to be compared 41S is compared by the phase comparison circuit 43.
- the detection signal 4AS with the pulse width of the phase difference ⁇ is output.
- phase comparison circuit 43 in the waveform information detection unit 4A and comparing the phase of the response signal 3S with the phase of the reference signal 42S, the phase that changes according to the capacitance component unique to the subject 10 is obtained.
- waveform information indicating the waveform of the response signal 3S, so that, for example, general comparators and logic circuits that do not require resistors or capacitors that require
- An extremely simple circuit configuration called a phase comparison circuit can detect in detail the electrical characteristics of the subject, in this case, information indicating the imaginary component of the impedance unique to the subject 10. Can be easily realized.
- the supply signal 2S having the common potential as the central potential is generated by the offset removing circuit 23 and applied to the subject 10, and the level shift circuit 41 shifts the level of the response signal 3S so that the central potential becomes the reference potential.
- the signal to be compared 41 S is generated, and the phase is compared based on the signal to be compared 41 S. Therefore, with a relatively simple circuit configuration, the operating power supply potential of the signal processing circuit and the common potential are separated. Can be set to Therefore, for example, noise immunity can be improved by using a ground potential as a common potential, and a single power supply can be used as an operation power supply of the signal processing circuit, which is compared with a case where a positive / negative power supply is used.
- the layout area of the circuit can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the biometric recognition device can be reduced.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a living body recognition device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- waveform information is used.
- the phase of the response signal 3S is detected, a signal including an offset from the common potential is applied to the detection element 1 as the supply signal 2S, and the offset generated in the response signal 3S is corrected by the waveform information detection unit 4A.
- the fifth embodiment differs from the fifth embodiment in that it is performed. Note that the same or equivalent parts as those in FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the supply signal generation unit 2 includes a frequency generation circuit 21 and a waveform shaping circuit 22, and the above-described offset removal circuit 23 is provided.
- the waveform information detection unit 4A is provided with an offset correction circuit 41A instead of the level shift circuit 41 described above.
- the offset correction circuit 41A corrects an offset generated in the response signal 3S according to the resistance component Rf of the subject 10, that is, a DC potential difference between the central potential of the response signal 3S and the reference potential.
- FIGS. 10A to 10E are examples of signal waveforms at various parts of the biometric recognition device in FIG.
- a DC current is applied to the subject 10, and the response signal 3S becomes a signal including an offset due to the resistance component Rf of the subject 10.
- the central potential of the response signal 3S becomes the above-mentioned reference potential VB when Rf is a predetermined value
- Rf when Rf is larger than the above-mentioned predetermined value, it becomes higher than the reference potential VB
- VB2 becomes the central potential
- Rf When it is smaller than the predetermined value, VB1 lower than the reference potential VB becomes the center potential.
- the subsequent circuit is operated by a single operation power supply, that is, an operation power supply in only the positive side (negative side) with respect to the ground potential. Therefore, the response signal 3S is level-shifted so that the amplitude of the response signal 3S falls between the ground potential and the operating power supply potential VDD, and is output as the compared signal 41S.
- the offset correction circuit 41A shifts the level so that the central potential of the response signal 3S coincides with the reference potential VB used in the phase comparison. Can be suppressed.
- the phase comparison circuit 43 is provided in the waveform information detection section 4A, and the response signal 3S and the reference signal By comparing the phase of the signal 42S, the phase that changes according to the capacitance component unique to the subject 10 is detected as waveform information indicating the waveform of the response signal 3S.
- the electrical characteristics of the subject in this case the unique characteristics of the subject 10, are achieved by a very simple circuit configuration, such as a general comparator or logic circuit, which does not require a resistor or a capacitor that requires
- the information indicating the imaginary component of the impedance can be detected in detail, and the biorecognition device can be easily downsized and a chip can be easily realized.
- the offset correction circuit 41A corrects the offset of the response signal 3S so that the center potential becomes the reference potential, generates the compared signal 41S, and compares the phases based on the compared signal 41S.
- the operating power supply potential of the signal processing circuit and the common potential can be separately set. Therefore, for example, by using a ground potential as a common potential, noise immunity can be improved, and the operating power supply of the signal processing circuit can be a single power supply. Can reduce the layout area, and can reduce the manufacturing cost of the biometric recognition device.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a biometric recognition device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- the phase of the response signal 3S is detected as the waveform information as in the sixth embodiment (see FIG. 9), but the reference potential supply unit 6 is provided.
- the third embodiment differs from the sixth embodiment in that a common potential equal to the central potential of the supply signal 2S is supplied to the detection element 1.
- the same or equivalent parts as those in FIG. 9 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the reference potential supply unit 6 detects the center potential of the supply signal 2S generated by the supply signal generation unit 2, generates a reference potential VB equal to the center potential, and sends the reference potential VB to the detection electrode 11 of the detection element 1. It is a circuit that supplies with low impedance. At this time, as the supply signal 2S, for example, an intermediate potential between the operating power supply potential VDD and the ground potential of each signal circuit is used, and the reference potential VB is also equal to this.
- the waveform information detection section 4A includes a reference signal generation circuit 42 and a phase comparison circuit 43, and does not include the offset correction circuit 41A described above.
- FIGS. 12A to 12D show examples of signal waveforms at various parts of the biometric recognition device in FIG.
- the waveform shaping circuit 22 of the supply signal generation unit 2 generates and outputs a supply signal 2S having a center potential at an intermediate potential between the operating power supply potential VDD and the ground potential of the circuit. Further, the reference potential supply section 6 detects the central potential of the supply signal 2S and supplies a reference potential VB equal to the central potential to the detection electrode 11 of the detection element 1. As a result, no DC current is applied to the subject 10, and the response signal 3S becomes a signal having the reference potential VB as the central potential.
- the reference potential VB is used as the reference potential used in the phase comparison circuit 43, and the response signal 3S is directly input to the phase comparison circuit 43 and compared with the phase of the reference signal 42S.
- phase comparison circuit 43 in the waveform information detection unit 4A and comparing the phase of the response signal 3S with the phase of the reference signal 42S, the phase that changes according to the capacitance component unique to the subject 10 is obtained.
- waveform information indicating the waveform of the response signal 3S, so that, for example, general comparators and logic circuits that do not require resistors or capacitors that require
- An extremely simple circuit configuration called a phase comparison circuit can detect in detail the electrical characteristics of the subject, in this case, information indicating the imaginary component of the impedance unique to the subject 10. Can be easily realized.
- the reference potential equal to the central potential of the supply signal 2S is supplied from the reference potential supply section 6 as the common potential of the detection element 1, a positive / negative power supply can be used with a relatively simple circuit configuration. Instead, a desired detection signal having waveform information corresponding to the impedance of the subject can be obtained with a single power supply. Therefore, the layout area of the circuit can be reduced as compared with the case where a positive / negative power supply is used, for example, and the manufacturing cost of the biometric recognition device can be reduced.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a living body recognition device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- the waveform information detection section 4B detects the amplitude of the response signal 3S as the above-mentioned waveform information, and outputs a detection signal 4BS including the waveform information.
- the difference from the fifth embodiment (see FIG. 7) is that the waveform information detection unit 4B includes a maximum voltage detection circuit 45. Note that the same or equivalent parts as those in FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the maximum voltage detection circuit 45 detects an impedance characteristic unique to the subject 10, an amplitude change corresponding to a resistance component here, from the response signal 3 S having a common potential such as a ground potential as a central potential, and outputs a detection signal 4 BS Is output as A specific example of the maximum voltage detection circuit 45 is a sample hold circuit. Note that, in the biometric recognition device of FIG. 13, the configuration other than the waveform information detection unit 4B is the same as that of FIG. 7, and a detailed description is omitted.
- the subject 10 is connected to the output stage of the current-voltage conversion circuit 31 via the detection electrodes 11 and 12 of the detection element 1.
- the impedance specific to the subject 10 can be represented by a capacitance component Cf and a resistance component Rf connected between the detection electrode 11 and the detection electrode 12 of the detection element 1. Therefore, the supply signal 2S applied with a predetermined output impedance from the current-voltage conversion circuit 31 is divided by the output impedance of the current-voltage conversion circuit 31 and the impedance unique to each subject 10. Then, the phase or amplitude of the current flowing through the subject 10 changes in accordance with the impedance unique to each subject 10, and the change is output as a response signal 3S converted into a voltage.
- the maximum voltage detection circuit 45 of the waveform information detection unit 4B outputs a detection signal 4BS including the amplitude peak value of the response signal 3S.
- FIGS. 14A and 14D show examples of signal waveforms at various parts in FIG.
- VA center potential
- VA ground potential
- the supply signal 2S having the potential as the central potential is output.
- the response signal 3S becomes a signal having the common potential as the central potential, and the amplitude changes according to the impedance of the subject 10.
- the maximum voltage detection circuit 45 detects the maximum voltage value of the response signal 3S, and outputs a detection signal 4BS indicating a DC potential proportional to the amplitude A of the response signal 3S.
- the maximum voltage detection circuit 45 is provided in the waveform information detection unit 4B, and the amplitude that changes in accordance with the resistance component unique to the subject 10 is detected as the waveform information indicating the waveform of the response signal 3S.
- the subject has a very simple circuit configuration such as a peak voltage detection circuit such as a general sump-no-hold circuit that does not require a resistor or a capacitor that requires a large area.
- the electrical characteristics of the subject 10 in this case, information indicating the real component of the impedance unique to the subject 10 can be detected in detail, so that the biometric recognition device can be easily downsized and a chip can be easily realized.
- the offset removing circuit 23 since the offset removing circuit 23 generates the supply signal 2S having the common potential as the central potential and applies the supply signal 2S to the subject 10, when the ground potential is used as the common potential, the maximum voltage detection is performed. Only by detecting the maximum voltage of the response signal 3S by the circuit 45, the amplitude of the response signal 3S corresponding to the subject 10 can be obtained. Therefore, for example, by using the ground potential as the common potential, noise immunity can be improved, and the operating power supply of the signal processing circuit can be made a single power supply, as compared with the case where positive and negative power supplies are used. The layout area of the circuit can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the biometric recognition device can be reduced.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a living body recognition device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- the amplitude of the response signal 3S is detected as the waveform information as in the eighth embodiment (see FIG. 13).
- the difference from the eighth embodiment is that the amplitude of the response signal 3S is detected by comparing the peak voltage value of the response signal 3S with the center voltage value.
- the same or equivalent parts as those in FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the waveform information detection unit 4B includes a peak voltage detection circuit 46, a center voltage detection circuit 47, and a power supply. It comprises a pressure comparison circuit 48.
- the peak voltage detection circuit 46 detects the peak voltage value 46S from the response signal 3S.
- the center voltage detection circuit 47 detects the center voltage value 47S from the response signal 3S.
- the voltage comparison circuit 48 detects the amplitude of the voltage difference force response signal 3S by comparing the peak voltage value 46S and the center voltage value 47S, and outputs a detection signal 4BS including the amplitude as waveform information.
- the supply signal generation unit 2 includes a frequency generation circuit 21 and a waveform shaping circuit 22, and the above-described offset removal circuit 23 is not provided.
- FIG. 16A to FIG. 16C are examples of signal waveforms at various parts of the biometric recognition device in FIG.
- a DC current is applied to the subject 10, and the response signal 3S becomes a signal including an offset due to the resistance component Rf of the subject 10.
- a peak voltage detection circuit 46 and a center voltage detection circuit 47 are provided in the waveform information detection unit 4B to detect the peak voltage value 46S and the center voltage value 47S of the response signal 3S and compare these voltages.
- the comparison of the circuit 48 detects the amplitude of the response signal 3S.
- the peak voltage value may be the maximum voltage value of the response signal 3S or the minimum voltage value.
- the waveform information detecting unit 4B detects the amplitude that changes according to the resistance component unique to the subject 10 as the waveform information indicating the waveform of the response signal 3S.
- the electrical characteristics of the subject can be reduced by a very simple circuit configuration such as a peak voltage detection circuit such as a general sump-no-hold circuit that does not require a resistor or a capacitor that requires a large area. It is possible to detect in detail the information indicating the real component of the impedance unique to the subject 10, and it is possible to easily realize the miniaturization of the biometric recognition device and the chip integration.
- the peak voltage detection circuit 46 and the center voltage detection circuit 47 detect the peak voltage value 46S and the center voltage value 47S of the response signal 3S, and compare these with the voltage comparison circuit 48.
- the amplitude of the response signal 3S since the amplitude of the response signal 3S is detected, the amplitude of the response signal 3S irrespective of the central potential can be detected. Therefore, for example, by using a ground potential as the common potential, noise immunity can be improved, and a single power supply can be used as an operating power supply for the signal processing circuit.
- the layout area can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the biometric recognition device can be reduced.
- a maximum voltage detection circuit and a minimum voltage detection circuit are used instead of the peak voltage detection circuit 46 and the center voltage detection circuit 47, and these circuits are used as shown in FIGS. 17A to 17B.
- the voltage comparison circuit 48 can detect the amplitude B of the response signal 3S, and the same operation effect as described above can be obtained.
- the waveform information detection unit 4 (4A, 4B) detects either the phase difference or the amplitude is described as an example. Both the phase difference and the amplitude may be detected in parallel, and the biometric recognition unit 5 may determine whether the subject 10 is a living body based on the respective detection signals. As a result, it is extremely difficult to select the material of the subject and individually adjust the real and imaginary components thereof, thereby providing high security against fraudulent recognition by an artificial finger.
- the ground potential is used as the common potential.
- a single power supply can be used as the operating power supply for the signal processing circuit, and the layout area of the circuit can be reduced as compared with the case where a positive / negative power supply is used. The manufacturing cost of the device can be reduced.
- the ground potential is used as the common potential where the center potential of the response signal 3S is desirably the ground potential.
- the ground potential is used as the common potential where the center potential of the response signal 3S is desirably the ground potential.
- the ninth embodiment see FIG. 15
- the sixth embodiment see FIG. 9
- the sixth embodiment in which it is desired that the response signal 3S exists between the operating power supply potential and the ground potential. It can be easily combined with the seventh embodiment (see FIG. 11).
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a biometric recognition device according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- This biometric recognition device includes a detection element 1, a supply signal generation unit 2, a response signal generation unit 3, a waveform information detection unit 4, a biometric recognition unit 5, and a control unit 6.
- the biometric recognition when performing biometric recognition based on the impedance of the subject, the biometric recognition is performed based on a plurality of pieces of biometric information detected at different frequencies, while performing biometric recognition based on waveform information indicating the impedance. It was made.
- the same or equivalent parts as those in the first embodiment (see FIG. 1) are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the detection element 1 makes electrical contact with the subject 10 via the detection electrode, and connects the capacitance component and the resistance component of the impedance of the subject 10 to the response signal generation unit 3.
- the supply signal generation unit 2 generates a supply signal 2S including a sine wave of a predetermined frequency or the like based on the frequency control signal 61S from the control unit 6, and outputs the supply signal 2S to the response signal generation unit 3.
- the response signal generation unit 3 applies the supply signal 2S from the supply signal generation unit 2 to the detection element 1 and changes the output impedance of the detection element 1, that is, the response signal 3S that changes depending on the capacitance component and the resistance component of the impedance of the subject 10. Is output to the waveform information detector 4.
- the waveform information detection unit 4 Based on the frequency control signal 61S from the control unit 6, the waveform information detection unit 4 detects the phase difference or the amplitude from the supply signal 2S from the waveform indicated by the response signal 3S from the response signal generation unit 3. Then, a detection signal 4S including the waveform information indicating the phase difference or the amplitude is output to the biometric recognition unit 5.
- the biometric recognition unit 5 recognizes and determines whether or not the subject 10 is a living body based on the waveform information included in the detection signal 4S from the waveform information detection unit 4 obtained for each of the supply signals 2S having different frequencies, The recognition result 5S is output.
- the control unit 6 includes a CPU and a logic circuit, and outputs a frequency control signal 61S and a judgment control signal 62S at a predetermined timing.
- the subject 10 is connected to the output stage of the response signal generator 3 via the detection element 1.
- the impedance unique to the subject 10 is determined by the capacitance component and the resistance component connected between the output stage of the response signal generation unit 3 and the common potential (low impedance) such as the ground potential via the detection element 1.
- the supply signal 2S applied with a predetermined output impedance from the response signal generation unit 3 is divided by the output impedance and the impedance unique to each subject 10.
- the phase or amplitude of the current flowing through the subject 10 changes according to the impedance unique to each subject 10, and these changes are output as a response signal 3S converted into a voltage.
- the response signal 3S is input to the waveform information detection unit 4, and the change in phase or amplitude is detected as waveform information, that is, waveform information.
- the reference signal synchronized with the supply signal 2S and the response signal 3S are compared in phase using, for example, a phase comparison circuit, so that the supply signal 2S and the The phase difference ⁇ from the response signal 3S can be detected.
- the amplitude V of the response signal 3S can be detected by measuring the maximum voltage value of the response signal 3S using, for example, a sample hold circuit.
- a detection signal 4S including the waveform information detected in this way is output from the waveform information detection unit 4.
- the biometric recognition section 5 compares the recognition index value obtained from the waveform information included in the detection signal 4S from the waveform information detection section 4 with a reference range indicating a valid biometric recognition index value. Based on the result, the recognition or non-performance of the subject 10 is determined, and a recognition result 5S for the subject 10 is output.
- the biometric recognition unit 5 uses the recognition index value obtained for each of the supply signals 2S having different frequencies based on the determination control signal 62S from the control unit 6 to determine whether the subject 10 is a living body. Is determined. If all the recognition index values are within the reference range, a recognition result 5S indicating that the subject 10 is a valid living body is output, and if any of the recognition index values is outside the reference range. In this case, a recognition result 5S indicating that the subject 10 is not a valid living body is output.
- each recognition index value when comparing each recognition index value with the reference range, as shown in FIG. 23, for each measurement condition under which the individual recognition index value is obtained, that is, for each frequency f of the supply signal 2S, Each reference range 50 that indicates a valid biological recognition index value is used. This makes it possible to realize highly accurate recognition and determination of the test object 10 using different measurement conditions, and obtain high security against fraudulent activities using artificial fingers and the like.
- the reference range for each measurement condition may be set in the biometric recognition unit 5 in advance, or the one notified from the control unit 6 may be used.
- the waveform information detection unit 4 detects waveform information such as a phase difference and an amplitude indicating the waveform from the response signal 3S changed according to the impedance of the subject 10, and detects the waveform information from the waveform information. Since the living body recognition for the subject 10 is performed based on the obtained recognition index value, for example, a general comparator or a comparator that does not require a resistor element or a capacitor element requiring a large area as compared with the related art is used. With a very simple circuit configuration such as a logic circuit and a phase comparison circuit, information indicating the electrical characteristics of the subject can be detected in detail, and the biometric recognition device can be easily reduced in size and integrated into a chip.
- the living body recognition for the subject 10 is performed using a plurality of recognition index values obtained from the supply signals 2S of different frequencies, it is difficult to simulate the impedance at each frequency. Accordingly, highly accurate recognition and determination can be realized for the subject 10 using different measurement conditions, and high security against fraudulent activities using artificial fingers or the like can be obtained.
- the biometric recognition was performed using the recognition index values at a plurality of discretely selected frequencies for the measurement conditions for obtaining the recognition index value. It is possible to shorten the time required for the authentication determination operation in which it is not necessary to detect and determine continuous frequency characteristics, and to obtain sufficient determination accuracy with a simple circuit configuration.
- FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a living body recognition device according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- the control unit 6 includes a CPU and a logic circuit, and outputs a supply control signal 63S and a determination control signal 64S at a predetermined timing.
- the supply signal generator 2 starts supplying the supply signal 2S having a predetermined frequency based on the supply control signal 63S from the controller 6.
- the application of the supply signal 2S from the response signal generation unit 3 to the subject 10 via the detection element 1 is started, and the response signal 3S whose phase and amplitude are changed according to the impedance of the subject 10 is waveform information.
- the waveform information detection section 4 Based on the supply control signal 63S from the control section 6, the waveform information detection section 4 detects waveform information indicating the phase difference or the amplitude from the supply signal 2S from the response signal 3S and outputs it as a detection signal 4S.
- the operation of the waveform information detector 4 is the same as described above, and the description is omitted here.
- the detection signal from the waveform information detection unit 4 is provided at the timing designated by the determination control signal 64S from the control unit 6, that is, at each different elapsed time from the start of application of the supply signal 2S.
- the recognition index value obtained from 4S is compared with a reference range indicating the recognition index value of a valid living body. If all the recognition index values are within the reference range, a recognition result 5S indicating that the subject 10 is a valid living body is output, and if any of the recognition index values is outside the reference range. In this case, a recognition result 5S indicating that the subject 10 is not a valid living body is output.
- the legitimate biological impedance can be represented by a capacitance component and a resistance component.
- the biometric recognition unit 5 When comparing each of the recognition index values with the reference range, the biometric recognition unit 5, as shown in FIG. 27, measures the measurement conditions under which the individual recognition index values were obtained, ie, the progress of the application start force of the supply signal 2S. Every time ⁇ , an individual reference range 51 indicating a valid living body recognition index value is used. This makes it possible to realize highly accurate recognition and determination for the subject 10 using different measurement conditions, and obtain high security against fraudulent activities using artificial fingers and the like. Note that the reference range for each measurement condition may be set in the biometric recognition unit 5 in advance, or the one notified from the control unit 6 may be used.
- the waveform information detecting unit 4 detects waveform information such as a phase difference and an amplitude indicating the waveform from the response signal 3S changed according to the impedance of the subject 10, and detects the waveform information from the waveform information. Since the living body recognition for the subject 10 is performed based on the obtained recognition index value, for example, a general comparator or a comparator that does not require a resistor element or a capacitor element requiring a large area as compared with the related art is used. With a very simple circuit configuration such as a logic circuit and a phase comparison circuit, information indicating the electrical characteristics of the subject can be detected in detail, and the biometric recognition device can be easily reduced in size and integrated into a chip.
- the living body recognition for the subject 10 is performed using a plurality of recognition index values obtained for each elapsed time from the start of application of the supply signal 2S, different measurement conditions for the subject 10 are used. This makes it possible to realize highly accurate recognition and judgment by using a finger, and provides high security and security against fraudulent acts using artificial fingers.
- the biometric recognition is performed using the measurement index values for a plurality of discretely selected elapsed times for the measurement conditions for obtaining the recognition index value
- the elapsed time is continuous in the elapsed time region having a width. It is possible to shorten the time required for the authentication determination operation when it is not necessary to detect and determine the elapsed time characteristic, and to obtain sufficient determination accuracy with a simple circuit configuration.
- the biometric recognition unit 5 when the biometric recognition unit 5 performs comprehensive judgment recognition using a plurality of recognition index values, all the recognition index values fall within the reference range.
- the case where the subject 10 is determined to be a legitimate living body has been described only in the case of, but is not limited thereto.
- comprehensive recognition judgment is performed based on conditions for the number of recognition index values determined to be within the reference range among the recognition index values, for example, any one, a predetermined number or more, and a majority. This makes it possible to perform stable recognition and determination on sudden noises and the like.
- a representative value is obtained by statistical processing of individual recognition index value power, and the representative value is determined as a valid value.
- the determination recognition may be performed by comparing with a reference range indicating a recognition index value of a living body.
- a reference range indicating a recognition index value of a living body.
- various statistical values such as an average value, a median value, a maximum value, and a minimum value can be used.
- the determination can be made in one reference range, and the circuit configuration can be simplified as compared with the case where the determination is made using a plurality of reference ranges.
- a statistical value obtained from a plurality of recognition index values such as an average value and a median value, it is possible to perform stable recognition determination with respect to sudden noise or the like.
- FIG. 28 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a living body recognition device according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
- This biometric recognition device includes a detection element 1, a supply signal generation unit 2, a response signal generation unit 3, a waveform information detection unit 4, and a biometric recognition unit 5.
- the detection element 1 makes electrical contact with the subject 10 via the detection electrode, and connects the capacitance component and the resistance component of the impedance of the subject 10 to the response signal generation unit 3.
- the supply signal generation unit 2 includes a frequency generation circuit 2A and a waveform shaping circuit 2B, and extracts a desired frequency component from the rectangular wave signal 20S of a predetermined frequency generated by the frequency generation circuit 2A by the waveform shaping circuit 2B. Thus, an AC supply signal 2S is generated and output to the response signal generation unit 3.
- the response signal generation unit 3 applies the supply signal 2S from the supply signal generation unit 2 to the detection element 1 via the current-voltage conversion circuit 3A, and outputs the output impedance of the detection element 1, that is, the impedance of the subject 10.
- the response signal 3S that changes according to the capacitance component Cf and the resistance component Rf is output to the waveform information detection unit 4.
- the waveform information detection unit 4 detects the phase difference or the amplitude with respect to the supply signal 2S from the waveform indicated by the response signal 3S from the response signal generation unit 3, and includes the waveform information indicating the phase difference or the amplitude.
- the detection signal 4S is output to the biometric recognition unit 5.
- the waveform information detector 4 compares the phase of the response signal 3S with the phase of a predetermined reference signal such as the supply signal 2S by a phase comparator or the like, thereby changing according to the capacitance component unique to the subject 10.
- the detected phase can be detected as waveform information indicating the waveform of the response signal 3S, or the amplitude that changes according to the resistance component unique to the subject 10 can be detected by a comparator or the like. May be detected.
- the biometric recognition unit 5 determines whether or not the subject 10 is a living body based on the waveform information included in the detection signal 4S from the waveform information detection unit 4, and outputs a recognition result 5S. [0103] Next, the operation of the biometric recognition device according to the present embodiment will be described.
- the supply signal 2S applied to the detection element 1 from the supply signal generation unit 2 generates the impedance characteristic unique to the subject 10, that is, the capacitance component Cf and It is changed by the resistance component Rf, and this is output as the response signal 3S to the response signal generator 3.
- the phase difference or the amplitude of the response signal 3S is detected by the waveform information detection unit 4, and the detection signal 4S including the information indicating the detection result is output to the biological recognition unit 5.
- the living body recognition unit 5 recognizes and determines whether the subject 10 is a living body based on whether the waveform information included in the detection signal 4S is within the reference range of the valid living body waveform information, The recognition result 5S is output.
- the waveform information detection unit 4 by providing the waveform information detection unit 4 and detecting the waveform information indicating the phase difference or the amplitude of the response signal 3S, the real number of the impedance unique to the subject 10 is obtained. Component or an imaginary component, and the biometric recognition unit 5 determines whether the subject 10 is a living body based on the detected information.
- the electrical characteristics of the subject can be inspected in detail with a relatively simple circuit configuration for detecting waveform information without the need for external components, thereby realizing a smaller biometric recognition device and a chip. .
- the waveform information detecting unit 4 detects the waveform information indicating the phase difference or the amplitude of the response signal 3S without using the impedance matching with the subject 10, there is no distortion as the supply signal 2S It is not necessary to use a high-precision sine wave signal. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the supply signal generation unit 2 extracts a desired frequency component from the rectangular wave signal 20S generated by the frequency generation circuit 2A by the waveform shaping circuit 2B to supply a pseudo sine wave. Signal 2S is being generated. As a result, the size of the circuit configuration can be significantly reduced as compared with a circuit that generates a high-precision sine wave signal, and the biometric recognition device can be downsized and a chip can be realized.
- FIG. 29 shows a circuit configuration example of the waveform shaping circuit 2B.
- This waveform shaping circuit 2B includes a first drive circuit 21, a low-pass filter 22, and a second drive circuit 23.
- the first drive circuit 21 is used to drive a subsequent circuit, such as an inverter circuit. 'Circuit power, and receives the rectangular wave signal 20S output from the frequency generation circuit 2A as input and outputs the rectangular wave signal 21S with low impedance.
- a known noise generation circuit using crystal oscillation may be used as the frequency generation circuit 2A.
- an RC low-pass filter as shown in FIG. 30 may be used as the low-pass filter 22.
- this circuit example is composed of a resistance element R and a capacitance element C, a configuration using only one of them by utilizing a capacitance / resistance that is latent in the circuit may be used.
- a desired frequency component is extracted from the rectangular wave signal 21S by the low-pass filter 22, and a low-frequency signal 22S having a waveform obtained by smoothing the rectangular pulse is obtained.
- the second drive circuit 23 is a circuit for driving a circuit at a subsequent stage, and outputs the signal output from the low-pass filter 22 as a supply signal 2S with low impedance.
- the second drive circuit 23 for example, an impedance conversion circuit having a configuration in which an inverting input of a differential amplifier circuit is connected to an output may be used.
- the low-pass filter 22 that extracts a desired low-frequency component from the rectangular wave signal 20S from the frequency generation circuit 2A is used as the waveform shaping circuit 2B, for example, the resistance element R and the capacitance element
- the desired supply signal 2S can be obtained with an extremely simple circuit configuration of C, and the size of the biometric recognition device can be reduced, and furthermore, chipping can be realized.
- FIG. 31 is a circuit configuration example showing a waveform shaping circuit 2 # used in the biometric recognition apparatus according to the thirteenth embodiment.
- the biometric recognition device according to the present embodiment uses the waveform shaping circuit 2 # shown in FIG. 31 in the biometric recognition device shown in FIG. 28 described above. Note that the configuration other than the waveform shaping circuit 2 ⁇ ⁇ is the same as that described above, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- This waveform shaping circuit 2 ⁇ has the same configuration as that of FIG. 29 except that an amplitude limiting circuit 24 and an amplifier circuit 25 are added, as compared with the waveform shaping circuit of FIG. 29 described above. Or Equivalent parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- This amplitude limiting circuit 24 is a circuit that limits the amplitude of the rectangular wave signal 21S and outputs a rectangular wave limited signal 24S.
- the amplifier circuit 25 is a circuit that amplifies the signal obtained from the low-pass filter 22 and outputs the amplified signal to the second drive circuit 23 as an amplified signal 25S.
- the limiting signal 24S having a smaller amplitude than the rectangular wave signal 21S passes through the low-pass filter 22, and the resistance value of the resistance element used in the low-pass filter 22 / the capacitance value of the capacitance element can be reduced.
- the layout area required for forming these circuit elements can be reduced.
- FIG. 32 shows a circuit configuration example of the amplitude limiting circuit.
- the amplitude limiting circuit 24 includes an inverter circuit 200, a first reference voltage generating circuit 201, a second reference voltage generating circuit 202, a first switch element 211, and a second switch element 212. .
- the inverter circuit 200 inverts and outputs the logical value of the square wave signal 21S, and the first switch element 211 performs switching (on / off) operation by the inverted output from the inverter circuit 200,
- the first reference voltage Vrefl from the reference voltage generation circuit 201 is output intermittently as a limit signal 24S.
- the second switch element 212 performs switching (on / off) operation according to the square wave signal 21S, and intermittently uses the second reference voltage Vref2 from the second reference voltage generation circuit 202 as the limit signal 24S. Output.
- the first reference voltage Vrefl is set to a potential between the central potential V3 of the input rectangular wave signal 21S and the first common potential VI (LOW level potential).
- the second reference voltage Vref2 is set to a potential between the central potential V3 of the square wave signal 21S and the second common potential V2 (HIGH level potential: V2> VI). Note that low impedance potentials such as various power supply potentials are used as these common potentials.
- the first switch element 211 and the second switch element 212 are controlled by signals of opposite logic to each other, and therefore perform switching operations in opposite phases.
- the first reference voltage Vrefl and the second reference voltage Vref2 are output alternately at opposite timings, and the amplitude of the rectangular wave signal 21S is changed to the first reference voltage Vrefl and the second reference voltage Vrefl.
- a limit signal 24S limited between the reference voltage Vref 2 and the reference voltage Vref 2 is output.
- the two switch elements 211 and 212 are alternately switched. Operation, the first reference voltage Vrefl and the second reference voltage Vref2 are output alternately, so the amplitude of the square wave signal 21S can be limited with an extremely simple circuit configuration, and the circuit layout area can be reduced. Can be reduced.
- semiconductor elements such as MOSFETs may be used as the switch elements 211 and 212.
- FIG. 34 is an example of a circuit configuration showing the amplitude limiting circuit 24 used in the biometric recognition apparatus according to the fourteenth embodiment.
- the biometric recognition apparatus according to the present embodiment uses the waveform shaping circuit 2B of FIG. 31 in the biometric recognition apparatus of FIG. 28 described above, and further uses the amplitude limiting circuit 24 of FIG. 34 as the amplitude limiting circuit 24. It is. Note that the configuration other than the amplitude limiting circuit 24 is the same as described above, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- This amplitude limiting circuit 24 differs from the amplitude limiting circuit of FIG. 32 in that the inverter circuit 200 has a different polarity (control logic) instead of a configuration in which the two switch elements 211 and 212 are switched alternately. The difference is that the switching operation is performed alternately at opposite timings by using two switch elements.
- the amplitude limiting circuit 24 includes a first reference voltage generating circuit 201, a second reference voltage generating circuit 202, a first switch element 221, and a second switch element 222.
- a first switch element 221 an n-type MOSFET is used as the first switch element 221 and a p-type MOSFET is used as the second switch element 222, and the polarities (control logics) are different from each other.
- the first switch element 221 and the second switch element 222 receive the rectangular wave signal 21S in common with the control terminal (gate terminal), and the output terminal (drain terminal) is connected in common to output the limit signal 24S. I do.
- a first reference voltage generation circuit 201 and a second reference voltage generation circuit 202 are individually connected to the input terminals (source terminals).
- the switching operation is performed alternately at the opposite timing in accordance with the rectangular wave signal 21S. Therefore, the switching operation is compared with the circuit configuration of FIG. 32 described above.
- the circuit configuration of the amplitude limiting circuit can be further simplified, and the layout area of the circuit can be reduced.
- FIG. 35 is a circuit configuration example showing a waveform shaping circuit 2B used in the biometric recognition apparatus according to the fifteenth embodiment.
- the biometric recognition apparatus according to the present embodiment uses the waveform shaping circuit 2B of FIG. 35 in the biometric recognition apparatus of FIG. 28 described above. Note that the configuration other than the waveform shaping circuit 2B is the same as that described above, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- the waveform shaping circuit 2B differs from the waveform shaping circuit in FIG. 29 described above in that an amplitude limiting low-pass filter 26 is used instead of the low-pass filter 22 and that an amplifying circuit 25 is added.
- the configuration is the same as that of FIG. 29, and the same or equivalent parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the amplitude limiting single-pass filter 26 is a circuit having both the function of the amplitude limiting circuit 24 for limiting the amplitude of the rectangular wave signal 21S and the function of the low-pass filter 22 for extracting a desired low-frequency component.
- FIG. 36 shows a circuit configuration example of the amplitude limiting low-pass filter 26.
- the amplitude-limiting low-pass filter 26 includes a first switch element 231, a second switch element 232, a first resistance element 233, and a second resistance element 234.
- an n-type MOSFET is used as the first switch element 231 and a p-type MOSFET is used as the second switch element 232, and the polarities (control logics) are different from each other.
- a polysilicon resistor or a MOSFET may be used as the first resistor 233 and the second resistor 234.
- the first switch element 231 and the second switch element 232 receive the rectangular wave signal 21S in common with the control terminal (gate terminal), and the output terminal (drain terminal) is connected to each other. Outputs signal 26S. Further, the input terminal (source terminal) of the first switch element 231 is connected to the first common potential VI via the first resistance element 233, and the input terminal (source terminal) of the second switch element 232 is connected. ) Is connected to the second common potential V2 via the second resistance element 234.
- the first switch element 231 When 21S is at the LOW level (VI), the first switch element 231 has a high impedance and the second switch element 232 has a low impedance, and as shown in FIG.
- the limiting potential Vp2 is output by subtracting the voltage drop Vr2 caused by the second resistance element 234 from the common potential V2 of the second resistor 234.
- the second switch element 232 has a low impedance with respect to the second common potential V2 via the second resistance element 234, so that the potential of the output terminal gradually changes, resulting in a high-frequency component Is cut off, and a limiting signal 26S in which the waveform of the square wave signal 21S is blunted is obtained.
- the limit potential Vpl obtained by adding the voltage drop Vrl due to the first resistance element 233 from the first common potential VI is output.
- the first switch element 231 has a low impedance with respect to the first common potential VI via the first resistance element 233, so that the potential of the output terminal gradually changes, and as a result, A high-frequency component is cut off, and a limiting signal 26S in which the waveform of the rectangular wave signal 21S is blunted is obtained.
- FIG. 38 is a circuit configuration example showing an amplitude limiting circuit low-pass filter used in a biometric recognition device according to a sixteenth embodiment.
- the biometric recognition apparatus according to the present embodiment uses the waveform shaping circuit 2B in FIG. 35 in the biometric recognition apparatus in FIG. 28 described above, and further uses the amplitude-limited low-pass filter in FIG. is there. Note that the configuration other than the amplitude limiting low-pass filter 26 is the same as that described above, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- This amplitude-limited low-pass filter 26 includes a first reference voltage generation circuit 201, a second reference voltage generation circuit 202, a first switch element 241 and a second switch element 242. .
- the first reference voltage Vref 1 is supplied to the control terminal (gate terminal), and the rectangular wave signal 21S is input to the input terminal (source terminal).
- the control terminal (gate terminal) is supplied with the second reference voltage Vref2 and the input terminal (source terminal) is connected to the output terminal (drain terminal) of the first switch element 241. Have been.
- a p-type MOSFET is used as the first switch element 241 and an n-type MOSFET is used as the second switch element 242, and the polarities (control logics) are different from each other.
- the first reference voltage Vrefl is set to a potential between the central potential V3 of the input rectangular wave signal 21S and the first common potential VI (LOW level potential)
- the reference voltage Vref 2 is set to a potential between the central potential V3 of the square wave signal 21S and the second common potential V2 (high level potential: V2> VI).
- these common potentials Low impedance potentials such as various power supply potentials are used.
- the input terminal (source terminal) of the first switch element 241 becomes the first common potential VI, and the control of the first switch element 241 is performed. Since the terminal (gate terminal) is at the first reference voltage Vrefl, the first switch element 241 is in a high impedance state, and the output terminal (drain terminal) of the first switch element 241 is at the first reference voltage Vrefl.
- the threshold voltage Vpl is obtained by adding the threshold voltage Vthl of the first switch element 241 to the threshold voltage Vpl.
- control terminal (gate terminal) of the second switch element 242 has the second reference voltage Vref 2 higher than the limit voltage Vpl and close to the second common potential V2, so that the second switch element 242 has a low impedance.
- the limit signal 26S output from the output terminal (drain terminal) of the second switch element 242 becomes the limit potential Vpl of the output terminal (drain terminal) of the first switch element 241.
- the input terminal (source terminal) of the first switch element 241 has the second common potential V2, and the control terminal of the first switch element 241 Since the terminal (gate terminal) has the first reference voltage Vrefl, the first switch element 241 is in a low impedance state, and the output terminal (drain terminal) of the first switch element 241 is connected to the second common potential V2.
- the input terminal (source terminal) of the second switch element 242 becomes the second common potential V2
- the control terminal (gate terminal) of the second switch element 242 is the second reference voltage Vref2.
- the second switch element 242 is in a high impedance state, and the output terminal (drain terminal) of the second switch element 242 is limited by subtracting the threshold voltage Vth2 of the second switch element 242 from the second reference voltage Vref2. It becomes the potential Vp2.
- the input rectangular wave signal 21S has its amplitude limited between the limiting potential Vpl and the limiting potential Vp2, and is output as the limiting signal 26S.
- the first switch element 241 when transitioning to the square wave signal 21S power LOW level (VI) power HIGH level (V2), the first switch element 241 changes from the high impedance state to the low impedance state in a relatively short time.
- the second switch element 242 has a control terminal (gate terminal) whose level is lower than the second common potential V2 of the input terminal (source terminal) and a second reference voltage Vref2. Because of this, it takes time for the driving force of the switch element to decrease and for the state to change from the low impedance state to the high impedance state.
- the first switch element 241 has its control terminal (gate terminal) connected to the first input terminal (source terminal). Since the first reference voltage Vrefl is higher than the common potential VI, the driving force of the switch element decreases, and it takes time to change from the low impedance state to the high impedance state.
- the potential of the limiting signal 26S gradually changes at the transition of the rectangular wave signal 21S, and as a result, the limiting signal 26S in which the high-frequency component is cut and the waveform of the rectangular wave signal 21S is blunted is obtained.
- FIG. 40 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a biometric recognition apparatus according to a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention, where the same or equivalent parts as in FIG. 28 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- This biometric recognition device is provided with a frequency control unit 6 for instructing the frequency of the supply signal 2S generated by the supply signal generation unit 2, as compared with the biometric recognition device according to the twelfth embodiment.
- the other configuration is the same as that described above, and the detailed description is omitted here.
- the frequency control unit 6 includes a CPU and a logic circuit, and outputs a frequency control signal 6S at a predetermined timing.
- the supply signal generator 2 generates and outputs a supply signal 2S having a frequency specified by the frequency control signal 6S.
- the biometric recognition unit 5 recognizes the recognition finger obtained for each of the supply signals 2S having different frequencies. It is determined whether the subject 10 is a living body using the standard value. If all of the recognition index values are within the reference range, a recognition result 5S indicating that the subject 10 is a valid living body is output, and any of the recognition index values is out of the reference range. In this case, a recognition result 5S indicating that the subject 10 is not a valid living body is output.
- the living body recognition for the subject 10 is performed using the plurality of recognition index values obtained from the supply signals 2S having different frequencies, it is difficult to simulate the impedance at each frequency. Accordingly, highly accurate recognition and determination can be realized for the subject 10 using different measurement conditions, and high security against fraudulent activities using artificial fingers or the like can be obtained.
- the frequency is widened to a frequency domain. This eliminates the need for detecting and determining continuous frequency characteristics, thereby shortening the time required for the authentication determination operation, and obtaining sufficient determination accuracy with a simple circuit configuration.
- the waveform shaping circuit 2 B Since the frequency generation circuit 2A outputs the rectangular wave signal 20S having the frequency indicated by the frequency control signal 6S, the waveform shaping circuit 2B outputs the square wave signal 20S even if the frequency of the rectangular wave signal 20S input by the frequency control signal 6S changes. It is necessary to perform waveform shaping processing so that the amplitude of the supply signal 2S is constant.
- the waveform shaping circuit 2B in FIG. 41 uses a variable low-pass filter 27 in place of the low-pass filter of the waveform shaping circuit in FIG.
- FIG. 42 shows a configuration example of the variable low-pass filter 27.
- the variable low-pass filter 27 is configured such that the resistance element R of the low-pass filter in FIG. 30 is a variable resistance circuit RV, the capacitance element C is a variable capacitance circuit CV, and a selection signal from the variable element control circuit 250 according to the frequency control signal 6S. By outputting 60S, these variable resistance circuit RV and variable capacitance circuit CV are controlled.
- FIG. 43 shows a configuration example of the variable capacitance circuit CV.
- This variable capacitance circuit CV is provided with a plurality of capacitance circuits 261 that form a combination of a series-connected capacitance element and a switch, and one or more of these capacitance circuits 261 are selected by a selection circuit 260 based on a selection signal 60S. It is like that.
- variable resistance circuit RV can be realized by replacing the capacitance element of the variable capacitance circuit CV with a resistance element. Further, this circuit example includes a variable resistance circuit RV and a variable capacitance circuit CV. However, a configuration using only one of them using a capacitance or a resistance latent in the circuit may be used.
- FIGS. 44A to 44C show signal waveform diagrams illustrating the operation of the waveform shaping circuit 2B.
- the resistance value of the variable resistance circuit RV is fixed for easy understanding.
- FIG. 44A shows a case where the rectangular wave signal 20S has the first frequency fl and the capacitance value of the variable capacitance circuit CV. Let A be the amplitude of the supply signal 2S obtained at this time.
- FIG. 44B shows a case where the rectangular wave signal 203 is changed to the second frequency (> 22>) from the state shown in FIG. 44.
- the second frequency f2 has a higher frequency than the first frequency fl, if the capacitance value of the variable capacitance circuit CV is kept at C1, the time constant of the low-pass filter is not changed, and The attenuation increases as the frequency increases, and the amplitude of the obtained supply signal 2S becomes B, which is smaller than A.
- variable low-pass filter 27 is provided in the waveform shaping circuit 2B, and the time constant of the low-pass filter is adjusted according to the frequency control signal 6S indicating the frequency of the rectangular wave signal 20S. Even when the frequency of the wave signal 20S is changed, the supply signal 2S having a desired amplitude can be generated. As a result, the frequency dependency of the subject 10 can be accurately detected by the biometric recognition unit 5, and highly accurate recognition judgment using different measurement conditions for the subject 10 can be realized. High security against actions can get.
- first common potential VI and the second common potential V2 are used as the circuit operating potential
- V2> VI Any potential can be used.
- a ground potential may be used as the first common potential VI
- a power supply potential higher than the ground potential may be used as the second common potential V2.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (3)
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EP04771580A EP1679036B1 (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2004-08-12 | Organism recognition system |
JP2005513178A JP4157557B2 (ja) | 2003-08-15 | 2004-08-12 | 生体認識装置 |
US10/520,879 US7548636B2 (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2004-08-12 | Organism recognition system |
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JP2003-314565 | 2003-09-05 | ||
JP2003314565 | 2003-09-05 | ||
JP2003-397004 | 2003-11-27 | ||
JP2003397004 | 2003-11-27 |
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JP2007244712A (ja) * | 2006-03-17 | 2007-09-27 | Fujitsu Ltd | 生体検知装置、指紋認証装置、及び生体検知方法 |
JP2008073072A (ja) * | 2006-09-19 | 2008-04-03 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | インピーダンス検出装置、インピーダンス検出方法、生体認識装置、および指紋認証装置 |
JP2008073075A (ja) * | 2006-09-19 | 2008-04-03 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | インピーダンス検出装置、インピーダンス検出方法、生体認識装置、および指紋認証装置 |
JP2008073073A (ja) * | 2006-09-19 | 2008-04-03 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | インピーダンス検出装置、インピーダンス検出方法、生体認識装置、および指紋認証装置 |
JP2008099783A (ja) * | 2006-10-18 | 2008-05-01 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | インピーダンス検出装置、インピーダンス検出方法、生体認識装置、および指紋認証装置 |
JP2010000224A (ja) * | 2008-06-20 | 2010-01-07 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 生体認識装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1679036B1 (en) | 2013-02-27 |
EP1679036A4 (en) | 2009-06-24 |
JP4157557B2 (ja) | 2008-10-01 |
US20060034493A1 (en) | 2006-02-16 |
US7548636B2 (en) | 2009-06-16 |
JPWO2005016146A1 (ja) | 2006-10-12 |
EP1679036A1 (en) | 2006-07-12 |
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