WO2004038283A1 - バックライトユニット及びバックライトユニットを用いた液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
バックライトユニット及びバックライトユニットを用いた液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004038283A1 WO2004038283A1 PCT/JP2003/013357 JP0313357W WO2004038283A1 WO 2004038283 A1 WO2004038283 A1 WO 2004038283A1 JP 0313357 W JP0313357 W JP 0313357W WO 2004038283 A1 WO2004038283 A1 WO 2004038283A1
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- Prior art keywords
- backlight unit
- light
- luminance
- illuminated
- liquid crystal
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133605—Direct backlight including specially adapted reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
- G09G2310/0232—Special driving of display border areas
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
- G09G2320/0271—Adjustment of the gradation levels within the range of the gradation scale, e.g. by redistribution or clipping
- G09G2320/0276—Adjustment of the gradation levels within the range of the gradation scale, e.g. by redistribution or clipping for the purpose of adaptation to the characteristics of a display device, i.e. gamma correction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
- G09G2320/0626—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a backlight unit for illuminating an object from the back, and a liquid crystal display device using the backlight unit.
- Display devices such as television devices and projector devices, have been required to have high image expressive power.
- the optimization of display device design has been studied in terms of technical means with so-called realism and immersive image expression, but in order to achieve these realism and immersion, for example, Standardization has been promoted by optimizing the relationship between human viewing angle characteristics and display screen size. In other words, it is an attempt to improve the ability to express these images by expressing the images with a screen size that matches the viewing angle characteristics of humans.
- Discrimination visual field High-accuracy information reception range, such as when reading characters (up to about 5 degrees vertically and horizontally)
- Effective visual field range where information can be searched only by eye movement (up to about 10) Degree, left and right about 15 degrees or less)
- the image reception sensation received by humans changes. That is, if the image range is wider than the effective visual field, humans can have a sense of reality, and if the image range is wider than the guided visual field, humans can have a sense of immersion. In view of the above, as the area occupied by an image within the human visual field expands, the sense of (virtual) reality that a human receives from the image gradually increases.
- a so-called hold-on display type display device represented by a liquid crystal display that supplies light to a liquid crystal panel with uniform brightness on a screen does not have sufficient three-dimensional image expression. This is because, for example, assuming two objects displayed on the screen, the two objects are expressed with the same brightness regardless of the sense of perspective and the sense of depth.
- the brightness distribution of the conventional hold-on display type display device is uniform over the entire screen, so it is more satisfactory than the display device using a cathode ray tube in terms of the expressiveness of three-dimensional effect and presence.
- the range in which a human is gazing at an image is at most near the center on the screen because it is within the range of the effective visual field, at which information can be received by eye movement at most.
- the luminance of the peripheral part of the screen other than the point of interest is equal to or higher than the luminance of the central part of the screen serving as the point of interest, humans feel a sense of visual discomfort and are easily tired.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating an example of a relative luminance distribution characteristic in a horizontal direction of a screen in a display device including a cathode-ray tube.
- the horizontal direction is divided into 20 equal parts, and the brightness at the center (at the position of scale 11 in the figure) is 100, indicating the relative luminance distribution in the horizontal direction.
- the brightness of a cathode ray tube is about 65 from both sides (relative brightness distribution characteristic 101 in the figure) when the center is 100
- the value shows a relatively low value included in the range of 85 (relative luminance distribution characteristic 102 in the figure). This is because the center of deflection of the electron beam by the horizontal and vertical deflection circuits of the CRT is located ahead of the center of curvature of the screen, and the periphery of the screen has a longer distance from the center of deflection of the CRT. According to the luminance distribution characteristics of the display device, the luminance near the center of the screen is relatively higher than that at the periphery of the screen. This makes it possible to display images without discomfort and less fatigue.
- a pack light unit is used as a unit for illuminating an object to be illuminated such as a liquid crystal display panel.
- a direct type and an edge light type are employed.
- the direct type is a method in which a fluorescent tube or LED (light emitting diode) as a light source is arranged directly below the liquid crystal panel to be illuminated, and the number of light sources can be increased according to the screen size of the display screen. As a result, sufficient brightness can be obtained, but brightness unevenness is likely to occur in the part with and without the light source.
- a backlight case is formed from a metal plate, a reflective sheet is laid on the inner surface of the backlight, and a plurality of straight tube lamps are installed. Is adopted.
- the edge light type is a method in which a fluorescent lamp or the like serving as a light source is arranged at the edge of a light guide made of a transparent acrylic plate or the like. Is a surface light source.
- a reflector is placed behind the straight tube lamp or L-shaped lamp.
- the display device using the edge light type can be made thinner, but in a large model, the mass of the light guide becomes excessively large, and it becomes difficult to secure the screen brightness due to the large size.
- a direct-type backlight unit is generally used for large-screen liquid crystal display devices, and an edge-lit backlight unit is used for small-screen liquid crystal display devices. ing.
- the distance between the fluorescent tubes is set at the center of the screen in order to reduce the number of fluorescent tubes constituting the backlight and to achieve low power consumption, small size, thinness and light weight.
- a device in which the density is increased and the density is decreased toward the end for example, see Patent Document 1. This reduces the number of fluorescent tubes in the backlight by keeping the brightness low enough to be invisible to the human eye and gradually decreasing the brightness from the center to the edge of the screen. It is something that can be reduced.
- a backlight that illuminates a liquid crystal panel, in which the luminance distribution is maximized at a position above or below the center, and gradually decreases in the vertical direction.
- Patent Document 2 This is because the brightness distribution of the backlight can be adjusted by adjusting the reflector, This is achieved by controlling the opening width of the sun.
- the packlight units of Patent Documents 1 and 3 described above reduce power consumption by reducing the number of fluorescent lamps constituting the backlight while maintaining the uniformity of the brightness of the display screen. It is intended.
- the packlight unit disclosed in Patent Document 2 adjusts the brightness distribution in the vertical direction of the screen of the liquid crystal panel to correct the viewing angle dependence and the unevenness of the vertical brightness due to the heat of the backlight, thereby achieving display. Is realized.
- the pack light units of Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3 consequently have a luminance distribution on the display surface of the liquid crystal display device.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and in accordance with human visual characteristics, similar to a display device using a cathode ray tube, the luminance near the center of the screen is relatively higher than that at the periphery of the screen.
- a backlight unit that forms a brightness gradient at least in the horizontal and vertical directions so as to be high, and enables a human to display an image without a sense of incongruity and less fatigue, and a liquid crystal display device using the backlight unit. It was made for the purpose of
- Patent document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-75-216
- Patent document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-1-1992
- a first technical means of the present invention is a backlight unit for illuminating an object to be illuminated with a light source, wherein the backlight unit has a brightness gradient in a horizontal and vertical direction on an illuminated surface of the object to be illuminated. It has a brightness gradient forming means for forming.
- the backlight unit is: A reflecting portion for emitting light from the light source in a specific direction, the brightness gradient forming means being provided in the reflecting portion, and controlling a reflectance in the reflecting portion; It is characterized in that a luminance gradient is formed in the horizontal and vertical directions on the illuminated surface of the illuminated object.
- the brightness gradient forming means has a region where the reflectance in the reflecting portion is relatively high and a region where the reflectance is relatively low, and a difference between the reflectances.
- a luminance gradient is formed in the horizontal and vertical directions on the illuminated surface of the illuminated object.
- a fourth technical means of the present invention is the light emitting device according to the third technical means, wherein the brightness gradient forming means has a reflectance ⁇ ] distribution in which the reflectance at the reflecting portion changes gradually or stepwise. It is characterized in that the luminance of the central portion of the illuminated surface of the illuminated body is made to be relatively higher than the luminance of the peripheral portion by the gradient.
- the luminance gradient forming means is a dot pattern provided in the reflecting section, and controls a reflectance of the reflecting section by the dot pattern. It is characterized by doing.
- a sixth technical means of the present invention is the light emitting device according to the fifth technical means, wherein the reflectance of the reflecting portion provided with the dot pattern is a reflectance of a minute dot group constituting the dot pattern, a dot density, It is characterized by controlling by one or more of dot shape and dot color.
- the distribution of minute dots constituting the dot pattern is substantially elliptical.
- the backlight unit has a reflecting portion for emitting light from the light source in a specific direction, and the reflecting portion is And at least a first and a second reflective layer having a predetermined level of light reflectance and transmittance.
- the brightness gradient forming means includes the reflecting section, and the first and second reflecting layers are configured to reflect light. A first region having a relatively high reflectivity, comprising a first region overlapped in the incident direction, and a second region consisting of only the first reflection layer; and the first region.
- the backlight unit has a reflecting part for emitting light from the light source in a specific direction, and the reflecting part And at least a first and a second reflective layer having a predetermined level of light reflectance and transmittance, and as the luminance gradient forming means, the reflecting portion is arranged at a central portion in the horizontal direction of the illuminated surface.
- the first area having a relatively high reflectance and the second area having a lower reflectance than the first area control the reflectance of the reflector in the horizontal direction of the illuminated surface
- the center of the illuminated surface in the vertical direction is Forming a luminance gradient in the horizontal and vertical directions on the illuminated surface of the object to be illuminated by making the luminance of the light source arranged at the position to be illuminated relatively higher than the luminance of the light sources arranged at both ends thereof. It is a characteristic.
- the backlight unit has a reflecting part for emitting light from the light source in a specific direction, and the reflecting part Comprises at least a first and a second reflective layer having a predetermined level of light reflectivity and transmittance, and as the brightness gradient forming means, the reflecting portion is disposed at a central portion in a vertical direction of the illuminated surface.
- the luminance of the light source disposed at the corresponding position is made relatively higher than the luminance of the light sources disposed at both ends thereof, thereby forming a luminance gradient in the horizontal and vertical directions on the illuminated surface of the illuminated object. It is characterized by the following.
- the light source is constituted by a fluorescent lamp, and the luminance gradient forming means is provided in a glass tube of the fluorescent lamp;
- a luminance gradient is formed in the horizontal and vertical directions on the illuminated surface of the illuminated object.
- the backlight unit has a diffusion part for diffusing the light of the light source, and the luminance gradient forming means is provided in the diffusion part.
- the transmittance in the diffusing section By controlling the transmittance in the diffusing section, the light on the illuminated surface of the illuminated body is controlled. It is characterized in that luminance gradients are formed in horizontal and vertical directions.
- the luminance gradient forming means is provided in a region where the transmittance in the glass tube or the diffusion portion is relatively high and low. And a luminance gradient is formed in the horizontal and vertical directions on the illuminated surface of the illuminated object based on the difference in transmittance.
- the brightness gradient forming means has a transmittance gradient in which the transmittance in the glass tube or the diffusion portion changes gradually or stepwise.
- the luminance of the central part of the illuminated surface of the illuminated body is made relatively higher than the luminance of the peripheral part by the transmittance gradient.
- a fifteenth technical means of the present invention is the liquid crystal display device according to any one of the first to fourteenth technical means, wherein the luminance gradient forming means is a dot pattern provided in the glass tube or the diffusion section. Further, the transmittance is controlled by the dot pattern. According to a sixteenth technical means of the present invention, in the fifteenth technical means, the transmittance of the glass tube or the diffusion portion provided with the dot pattern is smaller than that of the minute dot group constituting the dot pattern. It is characterized by being controlled by one or more of transmittance, dot density, dot shape, and dot color.
- the distribution of minute dots constituting the dot pattern is substantially elliptical.
- the light source is constituted by a fluorescent lamp, and the luminance gradient forming means is provided in a glass tube of the fluorescent lamp; By controlling the luminance of the tube surface in the above, a luminance gradient is formed in the horizontal and vertical directions on the illuminated surface of the illuminated body.
- the brightness gradient forming means is configured to determine a thickness of a phosphor formed inside a glass tube of the fluorescent lamp by adjusting a thickness of the illuminated body.
- the glass tube is optimized by optimizing at a position corresponding to a central portion of the illuminating surface, and by making the illuminated body thicker or thinner than the optimized thickness at a position corresponding to a peripheral portion of the illuminated surface. Is characterized by controlling the luminance of the tube surface at the time.
- the light source is constituted by an LED
- the LED is substantially equal for each area formed on the substrate of the backlight unit.
- the luminance gradient forming means forms a luminance gradient in the horizontal and vertical directions on the illuminated surface of the illuminated object by controlling the emission luminance or emission wavelength of the LED. It is what it was.
- the luminance of the LED is different for each region concentric with the vicinity of the center of the substrate of the backlight unit. is there.
- the light source is constituted by an LED
- the LEDs have substantially the same luminance
- the luminance gradient forming means is the backlight unit.
- the areal density of the LED is different for each region concentric with the vicinity of the center of the substrate of the backlight unit. It is.
- a twenty-fourth technical means of the present invention includes: a backlight unit according to any one of the first to twenty-third technical means; and a liquid crystal panel illuminated by the backlight unit. Liquid crystal display device.
- a liquid crystal display device which performs image display by irradiating a liquid crystal panel with illumination light from a pack light unit, brightness in a horizontal and vertical direction on a display screen of the liquid crystal panel is provided.
- a liquid crystal display device comprising a luminance gradient forming means for forming a gradient.
- the luminance gradient forming means comprises: a gradation conversion unit for performing a predetermined gradation conversion process on the input image data; And a control unit for switching and controlling the gradation conversion characteristics in the gradation conversion unit based on the image data.
- the control unit changes the gradation conversion characteristics in the gradation conversion unit based on the display screen position of the image data. By switching, a luminance gradient is formed in the horizontal and vertical directions on the display screen of the liquid crystal panel.
- the liquid crystal panel is configured to have an aperture ratio changed according to a display screen position.
- the luminance gradient is formed in the horizontal and vertical directions on the display screen of the liquid crystal panel by the change in the aperture ratio.
- the display screen of the liquid crystal panel has an aspect ratio of 16: 9. It is a thing.
- FIG. 1A and 1B are views for explaining an embodiment of a direct-type pack light unit according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an example of the arrangement configuration of fluorescent lamps in a backlight unit applied to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an example of a dot pattern provided to the reflection layer.
- FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are diagrams showing the dot pattern of the reflection layer shown in FIG. 3 in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 5 is a view for explaining still another embodiment of the backlight unit of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example of a dot pattern provided on the reflection surface.
- FIG. 7 is a view for explaining still another configuration example of the backlight unit of the present invention.
- FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B are views for explaining still another embodiment of the backlight unit of the present invention.
- FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B are views for explaining still another embodiment of the backlight unit of the present invention. '
- FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B are views for explaining still another embodiment of the backlight unit of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a view for explaining still another embodiment of the backlight unit of the present invention.
- FIGS. 12A to 12C are enlarged views of the dot pattern printed on the glass tube shown in FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a dot pattern formed when each fluorescent lamp on which the dot pattern is printed is set at a predetermined position of the backlight unit.
- FIGS. 14A and 14B are views for explaining still another embodiment of the pack light unit of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing another example of a dot pattern formed when each fluorescent lamp on which the dot pattern is printed is set at a predetermined position of the pack light unit.
- FIG. 16A to FIG. 16D are diagrams illustrating still another embodiment of the backlight unit of the present invention. ⁇
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of the relationship between the thickness of the phosphor and the tube surface luminance (emission luminance) at that time.
- FIG. 18 is a view for explaining still another embodiment of the backlight unit of the present invention.
- FIG. 19A is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- FIG. 19B is a diagram for explaining another embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a main block diagram showing a schematic configuration of another embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing a display screen area in the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing the gradation conversion characteristics (input / output characteristics) of the gradation conversion unit in the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration for controlling the aperture ratio of a liquid crystal panel.
- FIG. 24A is a view for explaining still another embodiment of the liquid crystal display device (or the backlight unit) of the present invention.
- FIG. 24B is a view for explaining still another embodiment of the liquid crystal display device (or the backlight unit) of the present invention.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating an example in which LEDs are arranged in the pack light unit of the present invention so as to have different areal densities for respective regions.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating an example in which LEDs having different light emission luminances are arranged for respective regions in the pack light unit of the present invention.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating an example of a relative luminance distribution characteristic in a horizontal direction of a screen in a display device including a cathode-ray tube.
- the brightness of the image is equal to or higher than the brightness of the center of the screen, which is the point of gaze, there is a problem that humans feel visual discomfort and are easily tired.
- the brightness near the center of the screen of the liquid crystal panel which is illuminated by a light source such as a fluorescent lamp or an LED (Light Emitting Diode) that constitutes the pack light unit, is compared with the brightness of the screen.
- a backlight gradient unit or a liquid crystal display device is provided with a luminance gradient forming means for forming a luminance gradient at least in the horizontal and vertical directions so that is relatively high.
- the brightness gradient forming means to be applied to the backlight unit includes:
- the light source is a fluorescent lamp
- a means for forming a gradient of transmittance from the center in the longitudinal direction to both ends of the glass tube surface of the fluorescent lamp is provided.
- the light source is a fluorescent lamp
- a means for forming a gradient of tube surface brightness from the center in the longitudinal direction to both ends of the glass tube of the fluorescent lamp is provided.
- the diffusion sheet is provided with a means for forming a gradient of transmittance at least in the horizontal and vertical directions.
- the light source is a point light source such as an LED, for example, a means for controlling the light emission luminance (or light emission wavelength) or area density of each point light source is provided.
- a luminance gradient is formed at least in the horizontal and vertical directions so that the luminance near the center of the screen is relatively higher than that at the periphery of the screen. Further, these means may be combined to form a luminance gradient. Further, the luminance gradient forming means provided to the liquid crystal display device includes:
- a luminance gradient is formed at least in the horizontal and vertical directions so that the luminance near the center of the screen is relatively higher than that at the periphery of the screen, as in the display device using a cathode ray tube.
- a brightness gradient forming means for forming a brightness gradient in at least the horizontal and vertical directions of the display screen (liquid crystal panel) is provided for the reflection layer provided in the backlight unit. Similar to the display device using the image display, the luminance near the center of the screen is relatively higher than that at the periphery of the screen.
- the brightness gradient forming means is provided in the present embodiment for the purpose of controlling the reflectance of light from the light source.
- FIG. 1A and 1B are views for explaining an embodiment of a direct type backlight unit according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic plan view showing the inside of a backlight unit
- FIG. — Figure 1B shows a schematic diagram of the backlight unit in section A.
- reference numeral 10 denotes a backlight unit
- 11 denotes a fluorescent lamp
- 12 denotes a housing
- 13 denotes a reflection layer disposed on the bottom of the housing
- 14 denotes a diffusion portion
- 1 denotes a diffusion layer.
- 5 is a lamp support member.
- FIG. 1A shows a state inside the unit from which the diffusion unit 14 shown in FIG. 1B has been removed.
- the backlight unit 10 has a reflecting portion for emitting the light from the fluorescent lamp 11 in a specific direction.
- the backlight unit 10 includes the reflecting unit 10 as the reflecting portion.
- a reflective layer 13 is provided on the inner surface of the bottom of the housing 12.
- the housing 12 can be constituted by a shield plate for shielding electromagnetic waves generated from the fluorescent lamp 11.
- the reflective layer 13 is held on the inner surface of the bottom of the housing 12 of the backlight unit 10 with a gap between it and the inner surface of the bottom or directly mounted on the inner surface of the bottom.
- a (Poly Ethylene Terephtalate) sheet a material having a light reflecting surface such as silver or aluminum, or the like can be used.
- the foamed PET sheet for example, an E60L type or an E60V type of LUMIRA (R) manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. can be suitably used.
- a foamed PET sheet is often used for the direct-type reflection section. Foamed P E
- the T reflection sheet is made by foaming PET and generating fine bubbles inside the sheet.Light that enters the foamed PET sheet is refracted by the bubbles, returns, and exits to the entrance side again. Do You. Since light is reflected by the refraction characteristics between the PET material and the air of the air bubbles, a light loss is small, and a reflection part with high reflectance is obtained despite being an inexpensive member.
- the diffusing portion 14 disposed on the front surface (front surface) of the fluorescent lamp 11 is made of a material having a light diffusion property such as an acrylic plate, and reflects light directly incident from the fluorescent lamp 11 or the reflection layer 13. Then, the light guided to the front side is diffused again.
- a functional film or sheet such as a reflective polarizing film, a prism sheet, an ITO sheet, etc., should be included between the diffusion unit 14 and a liquid crystal panel (not shown). Can be.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an example of the arrangement configuration of the fluorescent lamps 11 in the backlight unit applied to the present invention, and schematically shows a planar arrangement of the fluorescent lamps.
- the plurality of fluorescent lamps 11 are set so that their longitudinal directions are parallel.
- the high voltage side H and the low voltage side L of each fluorescent lamp 11 are arranged on the same side, and the high voltage side H of the fluorescent lamp 11 is adjacent to the high voltage side H of the other fluorescent lamps 11.
- the low voltage side L is configured to be adjacent to the low voltage side L of the other fluorescent lamp 11.
- a luminance gradient forming means is provided for the reflective layer 13.
- the luminance gradient forming means means for decreasing the reflectance from the central portion of the reflective layer 13 toward the peripheral portion, or means for increasing the reflectivity from the peripheral portion of the reflective layer 13 to the central portion are used. Can be used.
- a dot pattern for controlling the reflectance is provided to the reflective layer 13 and the reflectance of the light emitted from the fluorescent lamp 11 is controlled by the dot pattern. Therefore, a luminance gradient is formed at least in the horizontal and vertical directions of the liquid crystal panel.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an example of a dot pattern provided to the reflection layer 13.
- FIGS. 4 A and FIG. 4 B is a diagram showing an enlarged dot pattern of the reflection layer 1 3 shown in FIG. 3
- FIG. 4 A is an enlarged view of a ⁇ D 3 in FIG. 3
- the region of FIG. 3 Fig. 4B is an enlarged view of Fig. 4B.
- the dot pattern provided to the reflective layer 13 is such that the reflectivity of the reflective layer 13 is It has a lowering effect, and the reflectance of the material forming the dot pattern is relatively lower than the reflectance of the reflective layer surface.
- the reflective layer 13 is provided with regions D 2 and D 3 where the reflectance gradually decreases from the central portion to the peripheral portion.
- the regions D 2 and D 3 are substantially elliptical, and have a major axis in the horizontal (left / right) direction and a minor axis in the vertical (vertical) direction.
- the dot pattern provided to the reflective layer 13 is a dot pattern providing region D 1; D 2 , D 2 , D 2 , from the center to the periphery in order to reduce the reflectance from the center to the periphery. are stepwise increased dot density of D 3.
- each dot of the dot pattern has the same size, and the dot density of the dot pattern closer to the peripheral portion is increased. In this way, by changing the reflectivity of the reflective layer 13 stepwise from the center to the periphery, similar to a display device using a cathode-ray tube, the vicinity of the center of the screen is lower than the periphery of the liquid crystal panel.
- a relatively high luminance gradient can be obtained.
- a dot pattern having a reflectance lower than that of the reflection surface of the reflection layer 13 is provided as in the above-described example.
- the reflectivity of the reflective layer 13 can be controlled.
- a dot pattern having a higher reflectivity than that of the reflective surface of the reflective layer 13 is provided to reflect the reflectivity of the reflective layer 13. May be controlled.
- a dot pattern having a relatively higher reflectance from the peripheral portion toward the central portion is provided on the reflective layer 13.
- a Braun tube was used by giving a dot pattern of a high-reflectance material such as silver or aluminum to an area corresponding to the central part of the reflective layer 13. Similar to the display device, it is possible to obtain a luminance gradient in which the luminance near the center of the screen is relatively higher than the peripheral part of the screen of the liquid crystal panel.
- the dot patterns for controlling the reflectance as described above are shown in Figs.
- the reflectance can be controlled by changing the dot shape (size). You may make it combine. Furthermore, changing the color of the dot changes the reflectance. Therefore, the reflectance may be controlled by combining the dot colors in addition to the dot shape and density described above.
- the shape of each dot in the dot pattern may be a circle, triangle, polygon, star, ellipse, etc., and the color of the dot may be gray, dark brown, silver, green, black, white, purple, etc. .
- the dot pattern as described above gradually reduces the reflectance from the center to the periphery without changing the reflectance stepwise as in the example of FIG. 3 (or from the periphery to the center).
- a gradient as to gradually increase the reflectance toward the surface may be provided.
- Such a reflectance gradient can be realized by any one or a combination of dot shape, size, density, and color.
- the dot pattern to be applied to the reflective layer 13 can be formed by applying ink to the reflective layer 13 by screen printing, inkjet printing, or the like.
- the dot pattern may be formed by sputtering, vapor deposition, photolithography, optical processing using laser light, or lamination of a transparent film having a dot pattern.
- an ink or a dye whose concentration changes is applied to the reflecting layer 13.
- the density may be changed by changing the density of the dye or pigment, or by changing the thickness of the coating to change the apparent density.
- the luminance gradient forming means a plurality of materials having different reflectivities may be applied to the surface of the reflective layer 13 to change the reflectivity stepwise. Furthermore, the reflectance may be controlled by changing the surface roughness of the reflective layer 13 and controlling the difference in light diffusion characteristics or surface light absorption characteristics.
- a means for relatively lowering the reflectivity of the reflective layer 13 as described above and a means for increasing the reflectivity may be used in combination.
- FIG. 5 is a view for explaining still another embodiment of the backlight unit of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view corresponding to an A-A portion of a 1 A backlight unit.
- the reflecting portion instead of the reflecting layer 13 of the first embodiment, It has a reflecting surface 12a for reflecting the light of the fluorescent lamp 11 toward the diffusion portion 14.
- the reflection surface 12a is formed of a reflection film made of a high-reflectance material such as silver or aluminum formed on the inner surface at the bottom of the housing 12.
- the fluorescent lamp 11 is arranged such that the low voltage side H and the low voltage side L are located on the same side.
- the luminance gradient forming means for controlling the light reflectance as described in the first embodiment is provided on the reflection surface 12a.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an example of a dot pattern provided to the reflection surface 12a.
- the dot pattern provided to the reflecting surface 12a has an effect of reducing the reflectance of the reflecting surface 12a.
- Areas D 4 , D 5 , and D 6 where the reflectance gradually decreases are provided.
- the regions D 4 , D 5 , and D 6 have a substantially elliptical shape and are formed so as to have a long axis in the horizontal (left / right) direction and a short axis in the vertical (up / down) direction.
- a dot pattern corresponding to the relative luminance distribution (relative luminance distribution characteristic 101) of the cathode ray tube shown in FIG. 27 is provided on the reflection surface 12a.
- the reflectivity of the reflection surface 12a is changed stepwise from the center to the periphery, and the center of the screen relative to the periphery of the liquid crystal panel is similar to a display device using a cathode ray tube. It is possible to obtain a luminance gradient in which the luminance near the portion is relatively high.
- the luminance gradient forming means since the luminance gradient forming means of the first embodiment can be applied, repeated description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 7 is a view for explaining still another example of the configuration of the backlight unit of the present invention, and is a schematic cross-sectional view corresponding to the AA section of the backlight unit of FIG. 1A.
- the backlight unit according to the present embodiment has, as the reflecting portion, the reflecting layer 13 in the configuration shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B and the reflecting surface 12a shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the fluorescent lamp 11 is arranged such that the high voltage side H and the low voltage side L are located on the same side.
- the housing 12 of the backlight unit 10 is provided with the reflective layer 13 as described in the first embodiment.
- the reflective layer 13 for example, the above-mentioned foamed PET sheet is used, and a fluorescent lamp
- the inner surface of the bottom of the knock light unit 10 is the same as that described in the second embodiment.
- a reflection surface 12a is provided, and reflects light transmitted through the reflection layer 13 to return to the direction of the reflection layer 13.
- the light reflected on the reflection surface 12a is again separated into reflected light and transmitted light in the reflection layer 13, and the transmitted light is effectively used toward the diffusion portion 14.
- the reflection layer 13 is supported using a frame-shaped support such as a frame or a lamp holder, or a support member such as a screw, a screw, or a stay.
- the reflecting layer 13 does not adhere to the reflecting surface 12a, and an air layer is interposed between the reflecting layer 13 and the reflecting surface 12a.
- an air layer is interposed between the reflecting layer 13 and the reflecting surface 12a.
- a certain gap may be provided between the reflective layer 13 and the reflective surface 12a, but the reflective layer 13 is simply placed on the reflective surface 12a. It may be merely mounted and supported. That is, the presence of the thin air layer on the back surface of the reflective layer 13 increases the difference in the refractive index between the reflective layer 13 and air on the back surface of the reflective layer 13, and increases the refractive layer 1. 3 can increase the reflectance.
- the luminance gradient forming means in the above embodiment is added to the reflective layer 13 so that the luminance near the center of the screen of the liquid crystal panel is lower than that of the peripheral part of the screen of the liquid crystal panel, similarly to the display device using the CRT.
- Can obtain a relatively high luminance gradient but it is also possible to apply the above-mentioned luminance gradient forming means to both the reflective layer 13 and the reflective surface 12a, or to only the reflective surface 12a.
- the brightness gradient forming means provided to the reflecting surface 12.a contributes only to the transmitted light in the reflecting layer 13, a reflectance distribution based on the reflectance (ie, transmittance) of the reflecting layer 13 is designed. There is a need.
- FIG. 8A and 8B are views for explaining still another embodiment of the backlight unit of the present invention.
- FIG. 8A is a schematic plan view showing the inside of the backlight unit
- FIG. 8B is a schematic configuration diagram of the backlight unit in the section B—B.
- the backlight unit 10 includes reflection layers 13a and 13b.
- FIG. 8A shows a state inside the unit where the diffusion unit 14 shown in FIG. 8B is removed.
- the backlight unit 10 has a reflecting portion for emitting the light from the fluorescent lamp 11 in a specific direction.
- the backlight unit 10 includes the reflecting unit 10 as the reflecting portion.
- Two reflective layers 13 a and 13 b are provided on the inner surface of the bottom of the housing 12.
- Each anti The emitting layers 13a and 13b have the same characteristics as the above-mentioned foamed PET sheet and reflect light with high reflectance, but a part of the incident light is transmitted to the back side.
- a region W where two reflective layers 13 a and 13 b overlap in the vertical direction (light incident direction) and a region S where only one reflective layer 13 b exists are set. Is done.
- the reflection layers 13a and 13b transmit part of the incident light to the back side.
- the transmitted light transmitted through the first reflective layer 13a disposed on the front side is the back surface.
- the light is reflected by the second reflective layer 13b on the side and returned to the first reflective layer 13a.
- the light transmitted through the first reflection layer 13a is effectively used toward the diffusion section 14.
- the light reflected by the reflective layer 13b is effectively used, but the transmitted light of the reflective layer 13b is dissipated on the back side. .
- the effective utilization rate is small. Therefore, when comparing the area W and the area S, the area W in which the two reflective layers 13 a and 13 b are overlapped has only one reflective layer 13 b. Thus, a relatively higher reflectivity than that of the region S is obtained.
- the area of the second reflective layer 13 b on the back side is made larger than that of the first reflective layer 13 a on the front side to form the regions W and S.
- the first reflective layer 13a may be made larger.
- an area W composed of the two reflective layers 13a and 13b is arranged in the area corresponding to the center in the horizontal direction of the screen.
- the region S composed of only the reflective layer 13b is relatively increased, and the luminance gradient in the horizontal direction of the screen is increased.
- the brightness of the fluorescent lamp 11 corresponding to the central portion in the screen vertical direction is increased (the driving voltage is increased), and the fluorescent light corresponding to the peripheral portion (upper and lower ends shown in FIG. 8A) is provided.
- FIG. 9A and 9B are views for explaining still another embodiment of the backlight unit according to the present invention.
- FIG. 9A is a schematic plan view showing the inside of the backlight unit
- FIG. 9B is a schematic configuration diagram of the backlight unit in section C of FIG. 9A and 9B, knock light unit 10 includes reflection layers 13a and 13b.
- FIG. 9A shows a state inside the unit from which the diffusion portion 14 shown in FIG. 9B is removed.
- the backlight unit 10 has a reflecting portion for emitting the light from the fluorescent lamp 11 in a specific direction.
- the backlight unit 10 includes the reflecting unit 10 as the reflecting portion.
- Two reflective layers 13 a and 13 b are provided on the inner surface of the bottom of the casing 12.
- Each of the reflection layers 13a and 13b has the same characteristics as the foamed PET sheet described above, and reflects light with high reflectance, but a part of the incident light is transmitted to the back side.
- a region W where two reflective layers 13 a and 13 b overlap in the vertical direction (light incident direction) and a region S where only one reflective layer 13 b exists are set. Is done.
- the two-layered reflective layers 13 a and 13 b are used to correspond to the central portion in the horizontal direction of the screen.
- Area W composed of two reflective layers 13a and 13b in the area to be displayed, and area S composed only of the reflective layer 13a in the area corresponding to the peripheral part of the screen in the horizontal direction of the screen.
- the luminance in the horizontal direction of the screen is realized by increasing the reflectance at the center relatively, but the difference from the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B is that The distance between the fluorescent lamps 11 corresponding to the center of the fluorescent lamp 11 is closer than the distance between the fluorescent lamps 11 corresponding to the peripheral part (the upper and lower ends shown in FIG. 9A).
- the luminance gradient in the vertical direction of the screen is measured by applying a reflectance to the surface of the reflective layers 13a and 13b corresponding to the peripheral part of the screen (upper and lower ends shown in FIG. 8A or 9A).
- This may be realized by printing a material whose transmittance decreases, or by printing a material whose transmittance decreases on the surface of the fluorescent lamp 11.
- FIGS. 1OA and 10B illustrate still another embodiment of the backlight unit of the present invention.
- 10A is a schematic plan view showing the inside of the pack light unit
- FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along the fluorescent lamp 11 of FIG.
- reference numeral 16 denotes a screw used as holding means for the reflection layers 13 & and 13 b.
- the fluorescent lamp 11 is arranged such that the high voltage side H and the low voltage side L are located on the same side.
- the backlight unit shown in FIGS. 1OA and 10B includes two reflection layers 13a and 13b as reflection portions for emitting light from the fluorescent lamp 11 in a specific direction.
- Each of the reflective layers 13a and 13b has characteristics similar to those of the foamed PET sheet described above, and reflects light with a high reflectance, but a part of incident light is transmitted to the back surface side.
- a region W where two reflective layers 13a and 13b are overlapped in the vertical direction (light incident direction) and a region S where only one reflective layer 13b exists are set.
- the area of the second reflective layer 13b on the back side is made larger than that of the first reflective layer 13a on the front side to form the regions W and S.
- the first reflective layer 13a may be configured to be larger.
- the area W of the two reflective layers 13a and 13b is formed only in the area corresponding to the central part in the horizontal and vertical directions of the screen using the two reflective layers 13a and 13b.
- the reflectance at the center (area W) is made relatively high, and a horizontal and vertical luminance gradient of the screen is realized.
- a half mirror may be used as the first reflective layer 13a.
- the transmittance of the light reflected by the second reflective layer 13b and returned to the first reflective layer 13a (half mirror) can be increased, and as a result, a high reflectance can be obtained. be able to.
- the configuration of the two reflective layers 13a and 13b may be combined with the luminance gradient forming means as described in the first to third embodiments. Further, in this embodiment, a configuration using two reflection layers has been described, but three or more reflection layers may be provided.
- a holding member may be provided in order to provide the holding stability of each of the reflection layers 13a and 13b, especially the first reflection layer 13a on the front side. It is suitable.
- the housing 12, the first reflective layer 13a, and the second A through hole is provided in each member of the light emitting layer 13 b, and a screw 16 is passed through the through hole to hold the reflecting layers 13 a and 13 b on the inner surface of the housing 12.
- 13b can be suppressed and their shapes can be maintained.
- this holding means not only a screw but also a known means that can hold the reflection layers 13a and 13b on the inner surface of the housing can be applied.
- the holding means such as the screw 16 from being reflected on the display screen as described above, it is preferable to arrange the holding means so as to be hidden behind the fluorescent lamp 11, as shown in FIG. 10B. Further, the holding means may have a function of holding the reflective layers 13a and 13b and a function of holding the fluorescent lamp 11 at the same time.
- FIG. 11 is a view for explaining still another embodiment of the backlight unit of the present invention, and is a schematic plan view of the fluorescent lamp 11.
- a brightness gradient forming means for forming a brightness gradient at least in the horizontal and vertical directions of the display screen is provided in a glass tube constituting the fluorescent lamp 11.
- the brightness gradient forming means provided on the glass tube does not control the reflectance as in the above-described embodiment, but controls the light transmittance of the glass tube of the fluorescent lamp 11.
- the technical idea of controlling the amount of light emitted to an object to form a luminance gradient is common.
- 12A, 12B, 12C is a diagram showing an enlarged dot pattern printed on the glass tube shown in FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a dot pattern formed when each fluorescent lamp 11 on which a dot pattern is printed is set at a predetermined position on a backlight unit.
- a dot pattern for reducing the light transmittance of a glass tube is used as a luminance gradient forming means.
- the D 12, D 13, stepwise dot density toward both end portions from the central portion of the fluorescent lamp 1 1 is provided with the magnitude Kunar so.
- region D n formed by the respective fluorescent lamps 11, D 12, D 13 is substantially elliptical as shown in FIG. 13 Shape, with the long axis in the horizontal (left / right) direction. It is formed to have a short axis in the vertical (vertical) direction.
- a dot pattern corresponding to the relative luminance distribution (relative luminance distribution characteristic 101) of the cathode ray tube shown in FIG. 27 is given to the glass tube of the fluorescent lamp 11.
- the dot pattern provided to the glass tube of the fluorescent lamp 11 is a dot pattern from the center to both ends in order to decrease the transmittance from the center to the both ends of the fluorescent lamp 11.
- the dot density of the pattern application area D 12 and D 13 is gradually increased.
- each dot of the dot pattern has the same size, and the dot density of the dot pattern near the both ends is increased.
- the transmittance of the glass tube from the center to the periphery the luminance near the center of the screen is relatively higher than the periphery of the screen of the liquid crystal panel, similar to a display device using a CRT. It is possible to obtain a high brightness gradient.
- the dot pattern for controlling the transmittance can be changed not only by changing the dot density of the same shape but also by changing the dot shape (size), as shown in the example shown in Fig. 11. May be controlled, or the dot shape and the density may be combined. Further, the transmission may be changed by changing the color of the dot.
- the shape of each dot in the dot pattern may be a circle, triangle, polygon, star, oval, etc., and the color of the dot may be gray, dark brown, silver, green, black, white, purple, etc. .
- the dot pattern as described above does not change its transmittance stepwise as shown in the example of Fig. 11, but gradually decreases the transmittance from the center of the fluorescent lamp 11 to the peripheral part, thus increasing the gradient. May be added.
- a transmittance gradient can be realized by any one or a combination of dot shapes, sizes, densities, and colors.
- the dot pattern provided on the surface of the glass tube can be formed by applying ink to the glass tube by printing such as screen printing or ink jet. In addition to the printing, the dot pattern may be formed by sputtering, vapor deposition, optical processing using photolithography laser light, or lamination of a transparent film having a dot pattern.
- the luminance gradient forming means applied to the glass tube of the fluorescent lamp 11 as an ink or a dye whose concentration changes in order to control the transmittance stepwise or gradually decrease Z gradually increase. Can be applied to a glass tube.
- the change in density at this time depends on the density of the dye or pigment. The degree itself may be changed, or the apparent concentration may be changed by changing the thickness of the coating.
- the luminance gradient forming means a plurality of materials having different transmittances may be provided on the surface of the glass tube. Further, the transmittance may be controlled by changing the surface roughness of the glass tube and controlling the difference in light diffusion characteristics or surface light absorption characteristics.
- FIGS. 14A and 14B are views for explaining still another embodiment of the backlight unit of the present invention.
- FIG. 14A is a schematic plan view showing the inside of the backlight unit
- FIG. FIG. 14B shows a configuration including the diffusion portion 14 in the D-D cross section of 4 A.
- the fluorescent lamps 11 are arranged vertically so as to be parallel to each other, and the high-voltage side H and the low-voltage side L are arranged on the same side. Have been.
- FIG. 15 is a view showing another example of a dot pattern formed when each fluorescent lamp 11 on which the dot pattern is printed is set at a predetermined position of the backlight unit.
- a dot pattern corresponding to the relative luminance distribution (relative luminance distribution characteristic 101) of the cathode ray tube shown in FIG. 27 is given to the glass tube of the fluorescent lamp 11. As described above, even when the fluorescent lamp 11 is arranged in the vertical direction, the same luminance gradient as when the fluorescent lamp 11 is arranged in the horizontal direction can be obtained.
- FIGS. 16A to 16D are views for explaining still another embodiment of the backlight unit of the present invention.
- FIG. 16A is a schematic sectional view of the backlight unit
- FIG. , Part C, and 16B, 16C, and 16D show schematic cross-sectional views of the fluorescent lamp 11 in sections D and D, respectively.
- 11a is a glass tube constituting a fluorescent lamp
- 11b is a phosphor provided on the inner surface of a glass tube
- d is a film thickness of the phosphor.
- the film thickness d of the phosphor 11 b formed inside the glass tube 11 a of the fluorescent lamp is used as a brightness gradient forming means for forming a brightness gradient at least in the horizontal and vertical directions of the display screen.
- the film thickness of the phosphor 11 b is used to change the surface luminance according to the film thickness d, and the film of the phosphor 11 b is changed according to the longitudinal position of the fluorescent lamp 11.
- the emission luminance in the longitudinal direction of the fluorescent lamp 11 has a gradient.
- the thickness of the phosphor 11 ⁇ of the fluorescent lamp 11 corresponding to the center of the screen is set to the optimal thickness for obtaining the highest luminance, and the thickness at both ends is set.
- the film thickness d is increased or decreased toward the high voltage side H and the low voltage side L.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the film thickness d of the phosphor and the tube surface luminance (emission luminance) at that time.
- the luminance at the time of lighting changes according to the film thickness d of the phosphor.
- the film thickness is thinner than the optimum value, the amount of the phosphor becomes insufficient and the image becomes darker. That makes it darker.
- the film thickness d of the phosphor is set to the optimum film thickness at which the highest luminance can be obtained at substantially the center of the fluorescent lamp 11.
- the thickness d of the phosphor 11b is changed by increasing or decreasing the thickness d toward the side H and the low voltage side L.
- a brightness gradient is formed on each fluorescent lamp 11 using this characteristic, and the display screen is displayed.
- a luminance gradient is formed at least in the horizontal and vertical directions.
- the method of providing the brightness gradient forming means to the glass tube itself of the fluorescent lamp 11 is not limited to a straight tube fluorescent lamp, but also a U-tube type. It can also be applied to fluorescent lamps, U-tube fluorescent lamps, and L-tube fluorescent lamps. (Embodiment 1 o)
- FIG. 18 is a view for explaining still another embodiment of the backlight unit of the present invention.
- the diffusion section 14 is provided with a luminance gradient forming means for forming a luminance gradient at least in the horizontal and vertical directions of the display screen.
- a diffusion plate or a diffusion sheet having a light diffusion function is used as the diffusion unit 14.
- a luminance gradient forming means for controlling the light transmittance is provided on the surface of the diffusion section 14.
- a dot pattern for reducing the light transmittance is provided on the surface of the diffusion portion 14.
- the region D 3 have D 3 2, D 3 3 of 3 types of dot patterns having different densities, arranged from the central portion so that larger and can stepwise dot density towards the periphery of the display screen ing.
- This region D 3 1, D 3 2, D 3 3 is a substantially elliptical shape has a major axis in the horizontal (lateral) direction, is formed to have a minor axis to the vertical (up and down) direction.
- the dot pattern is formed on the back side (the fluorescent lamp 11 side) rather than on the front side (the opposite side of the fluorescent lamp 11) of the diffusion section 14. This is preferable since the uniformity of the diffusion of the compound is hardly hindered.
- the luminance gradient forming means for controlling the light transmittance as described above the above-described luminance gradient forming means for the fluorescent lamp 11 of Embodiment 9 can be similarly applied.
- the thickness of the diffusion portion 14 is changed from the center of the screen toward the periphery, and the transmittance of light transmitted through the diffusion portion 14 is changed, so that at least horizontal and vertical The luminance gradient may change in the direction.
- the backlight unit of the present invention can be applied to not only the direct-type backlight unit but also the edge-light type. That is, the brightness gradient forming means provided to the reflecting layer or reflecting surface, the fluorescent lamp, and the diffusing portion constituting the reflecting portion of each of the above embodiments is not applicable only to the direct type backlight unit.
- the brightness gradient forming means provided to the reflecting layer or reflecting surface, the fluorescent lamp, and the diffusing portion constituting the reflecting portion of each of the above embodiments is not applicable only to the direct type backlight unit.
- an edge-light type backlight unit similar to a display device using a brown tube, it is possible to obtain a brightness gradient in which the brightness near the center of the LCD panel is relatively higher than that around the LCD screen. it can.
- FIG. 19A is a diagram for explaining one embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, and shows a schematic cross-sectional configuration of a liquid crystal display device having a pack light unit.
- reference numeral 20 denotes a liquid crystal display device
- 21 denotes a liquid crystal panel.
- FIG. 19B is a diagram for explaining another embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, and shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of a liquid crystal display device having a backlight unit.
- a polarizing reflection film 22 is provided between the diffusion unit 14 and the liquid crystal panel 21.
- the liquid crystal display device 20 has a general liquid crystal panel 21 having a main configuration in which a liquid crystal material is sealed between two transparent insulating substrates, and a backlight unit for irradiating the liquid crystal panel 21 with light. And a nit 10. Any of the backlight units according to each of the first to tenth embodiments can be applied to the backlight unit 10 included in the liquid crystal display device 20 of the present embodiment.
- a luminance gradient is formed at least in the horizontal and vertical directions of the display screen of the liquid crystal panel 21.
- the same luminance distribution characteristics as those of a display device using a cathode ray tube can be obtained.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention may be configured so that the aspect ratio of the display screen is set to 16: 9.
- the aspect ratio of the reflection layer or the reflection surface and the scattered portion is set to 16: 9. This makes it possible to obtain more realistic images that match the human visual characteristics.
- a polarizing reflection film 22 is provided between the liquid crystal panel 21 and the diffusion portion 14 of the pack light unit 10.
- a liquid crystal display device having high light use efficiency can be obtained.
- the polarization transmission axis of the polarization reflection film 22 is matched with the polarization transmission axis of the incident side polarizer of the liquid crystal panel 21.
- the component When a polarization component in the orthogonal direction (a component corresponding to the polarization transmission axis) is generated, the component can pass through the polarization reflection film 22 and can be used as effective light to the liquid crystal panel 21.
- the polarized light reflecting film 22 can efficiently generate illumination light having a uniform polarization direction, and by matching the polarization direction of the illumination light to the polarization axis of the incident-side polarizing plate of the liquid crystal panel 21.
- a liquid crystal display device having high light use efficiency can be obtained.
- a functional film or sheet such as an ITO sheet, a diffusion film, a prism sheet or the like can be further disposed between the polarization reflection film 22 and the diffusion section 14.
- the liquid crystal display device in a liquid crystal display device, by controlling display image data supplied to the liquid crystal panel, similar to a display device using a cathode-ray tube, the liquid crystal display device has a liquid crystal panel near the center of the screen with respect to the peripheral portion of the screen.
- the luminance gradient is formed at least in the horizontal and vertical directions of the display screen so that the luminance becomes relatively high.
- FIG. 20 is a main block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment
- FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing a display screen area in the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment
- FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a gradation conversion characteristic (input / output characteristic) of a gradation conversion unit in the liquid crystal display device of the embodiment.
- the liquid crystal display device includes a gradation conversion unit 31 that performs predetermined gradation conversion processing on input image data, and a gradation conversion unit 31 that performs gradation conversion.
- a liquid crystal controller 32 that outputs a liquid crystal drive signal to the gate driver 34 and the source driver 35 of the liquid crystal panel 33 based on the obtained image data. Further, based on the synchronization signal of the input image data, the tone conversion characteristics of the tone conversion unit 31 are switched and controlled, and a light source drive unit 3 for driving a pack light source (fluorescent lamp) 37 is also provided. It has a microcomputer 36 that controls the 8.
- the microcomputer 36 determines the screen position where the image data is displayed based on the synchronization signal of the input image data, and switches the gradation conversion characteristic of the gradation conversion unit 31 according to the screen position.
- An instruction is output to the gradation conversion unit 31 so as to change the instruction.
- a region D 4 i which corresponds to the center portion of the display screen
- a region D 4 2 which corresponds to the periphery thereof
- the region D 4 3 corresponding to the outermost peripheral portion to further divided into bets
- the tone conversion unit 31 has a tone conversion characteristic a that outputs the input tone level as it is (without conversion), and a tone conversion feature that outputs the input tone level with a slight suppression. It is switchable between a characteristic b and a gradation conversion characteristic c that further suppresses the input gradation level and outputs the result.
- the gradation conversion unit 31 may have a configuration using, for example, a look-up table (LUT) or a configuration using a multiplication circuit that multiplies input image data by a predetermined coefficient.
- the gradation conversion characteristics a to c as shown in FIG. 22 can be realized.
- the microcomputer 3 6, when the screen position of the image data is displayed is determined to belonging to display screen Me region D 4 i, so as to select the gradation conversion characteristic a, with respect to the gradation conversion portion 3 1 Outputs control signal. That is, for the image data displayed in the area D 4 on the display screen, since the gradation variations ⁇ resistance a is selected and output as (without conversion) to the liquid crystal controller 3 2. If the microcomputer 36 determines that the screen position where the image data is displayed belongs to the area D42 on the display screen, the microcomputer 36 selects the gradation conversion characteristic b so as to select the gradation conversion characteristic b. Outputs control signal for 1.
- the display brightness is slightly reduced.
- the microcomputer 3 6 if the screen position location where the image data is displayed is determined to belong to the area D 4 a on the display screen so as to select the gradation conversion characteristic c, the gradation conversion unit 3 1 To output a control signal. That is, for the image data that is displayed in the area D 4 3 on the display screen, since the gradation conversion processing is applied gradation conversion characteristic c is selected and, in the region D 4 3 on front ⁇ surface Further, the display brightness is reduced.
- the light transmittance of the liquid crystal panel 33 is reduced (the display brightness is reduced) in the outer peripheral portion compared to the central portion on the display screen, so that a brightness distribution similar to that of a CRT can be realized. it can.
- the gradation level of the image data according to the display screen position of the image data, at least the horizontal part is displayed so that the peripheral part of the display screen is darker than the central part. And a luminance gradient in the vertical direction.
- the luminance gradient in the horizontal and vertical directions can be realized by changing the aperture ratio according to the display screen position of the liquid crystal panel.
- the aperture ratio according to the display screen position of the liquid crystal panel.
- by changing the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal panel it is possible to form a luminance distribution such that the central portion of the display screen is brighter than the peripheral portion, similarly to a display device using a CRT.
- FIG. 23 shows an example of a configuration for controlling the aperture ratio of a liquid crystal panel.
- 21 is a liquid crystal panel
- 41 is a light shielding film
- 42 is a transparent electrode
- 43 is a TFT drive element
- i is light incident on the liquid crystal panel
- 0 is light emitted from the liquid crystal panel.
- a light-shielding film 41 is generally provided by a lattice-like metal film.
- the aperture ratio of each pixel by the light-shielding film 41 is controlled so as to form a luminance gradient at least in the horizontal and vertical directions of the display screen.
- a display screen in which the center of the display screen is brighter than the peripheral part can be obtained as in the case of a display device using a CRT.
- FIG. 24A is a view for explaining still another embodiment of the liquid crystal display device (or the backlight unit) of the present invention.
- FIG. 24A is a cross section of the liquid crystal display device having a pack light unit using an LED as a light source. 1 shows a schematic configuration.
- reference numeral 50 denotes a liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal display device 50 includes a circuit board 51 on which a control circuit is mounted, a frame portion 52 for supporting a liquid crystal panel, a liquid crystal panel 53, and a backlight unit.
- FIG. 24B is a view for explaining still another embodiment of the liquid crystal display device (or the backlight unit) of the present invention, and shows a schematic cross-sectional configuration of a liquid crystal display device having a backlight unit. is there. In FIG. 24B, in addition to the configuration of the liquid crystal display device 50 shown in FIG.
- a fluorescent lamp 59 is provided on a frame 54 of a knock light unit as a light source.
- the brightness gradient forming means for forming a brightness gradient at least in the horizontal and vertical directions of the display screen is realized by using one or more of the light emission luminance, the light emission wavelength, and the surface density of the LED as the point light source. I do.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating an example in which LEDs are arranged in the backlight unit of the present invention so as to have different areal densities for respective regions.
- the brightness of the packlight unit can be controlled by the area ratio between the area where the LED exists and the area where the LED does not exist in a certain area, that is, the difference in the areal density of the LED.
- the brightness gradient forming means of this embodiment forms a brightness gradient in at least the horizontal and vertical directions of the display screen by utilizing the difference in the surface density.
- a large number of LEDs 56 having substantially the same brightness are provided on the reflection section 58.
- Four regions D 5 have D 52, D 53, D 54 is a left your top and bottom of the display screen is divided substantially symmetrically concentric elliptical area, is set in the order toward the peripheral portion from the center side of the display screen I have.
- a region D 51 of the central portion relatively highest luminance on the display screen LED 56 and arranged at a high density.
- the LED 56 is arranged to reduce the density than the region D 51, by further outer region D 53, placing the LED 56 is reduced toward the area D 54 a density in the order Unisuru.
- Most outside region D 54 the luminance on the display screen by placing the LED 56 to the lowest density relatively lowest.
- the density of the LEDs 56 in each region may be adjusted so that the density of the LEDs 56 in the peripheral portion becomes smaller in order with respect to the center of the backlight unit.
- This embodiment By using the brightness gradient forming means of the state, even in a liquid crystal display device using a packed light unit having a point light source such as an LED 56, display characteristics similar to the relative brightness distribution of a general display device equipped with a cathode ray tube are obtained. Obtainable.
- the backlight unit according to the present embodiment is applied to a backlight such as a liquid crystal display device, the brightness of the LED becomes lower in a region closer to the peripheral side. It is possible to obtain a display device that is bright and has a dark screen near the periphery and has a luminance distribution close to the luminance distribution characteristics of a cathode ray tube.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating an example in which LEDs having different light emission luminances are arranged for respective regions in the backlight unit of the present invention.
- the brightness of the backlight unit can be controlled by the difference in the emission luminance or emission wavelength of the LED when the surface density of the LED is the same.
- the luminance gradient forming means of this embodiment forms a luminance gradient in at least the horizontal and vertical directions of the display screen by utilizing the difference in the light emission luminance or the light emission wavelength.
- a large number of LEDs 56 having different light emission luminances are provided on the reflecting portion 58 for each region.
- the four areas D e , D 62 , D 63 , and D 64 are areas divided into concentric ellipses that are substantially symmetrical on the left, right, up, and down of the display screen, and are set in order from the center side of the display screen to the periphery. .
- Most outside region D 6 4 relatively lowest brightness on the display screen by placing the LED 56 of the lowest emission luminance.
- the light emission luminance of the LED 56 in each region may be adjusted so that the light emission luminance of the peripheral LED 56 becomes smaller in order with respect to the center of the backlight unit.
- a backlight having a point light source such as the LED 56 can be used. Even in a liquid crystal display device using a light unit, it is possible to obtain display characteristics similar to the relative luminance distribution of a general display device equipped with a cathode ray tube.
- the pack write Interview knit according to the present embodiment unlike the pack write Interview knitted according to the embodiment 14, the density of the LED 56 as a light source is substantially the same, the peripheral portion from the central portion of the pack light unit (region D 61) (D 62 , D 63 , D 64 ), the brightness of the LED 56 decreases.
- the brightness of the LED 56 can be adjusted by, for example, the difference in the main emission wavelength of the LED in the visible light wavelength range (the difference in the brightness in R, G, B, etc.). Adjustment can also be made by changing the voltage applied to the LED.
- the duty ratio of the dimming signal of the LED lighting circuit may be changed and controlled.
- the luminance may be adjusted by disposing a filter in front of the LED.
- the backlight unit according to the present embodiment is applied to a backlight such as a liquid crystal display device, the brightness of the LED becomes lower in the area closer to the peripheral side.
- FIG. 24B a configuration may be adopted in which a fluorescent lamp 59 is added in addition to the LED 56 as a light source.
- the LED 56 and the fluorescent lamp 59 are arranged such that the fluorescent lamp 59 secures the luminance in the darkest peripheral part and the LED 56 secures the luminance near the brightest central part. .
- the use of the LED 56 also improves the brightness of the entire screen.
- the fluorescent lamp 59 for example, there may be partial luminance unevenness reflecting the shape of the fluorescent lamp, or longitudinal luminance unevenness inherently provided by the linear fluorescent lamp. Even uneven brightness can be eliminated by using the LED 56. Further, the luminance distribution of the fluorescent lamp 59, which is a linear light source, can be adjusted by the light emission luminance or area density of the LED 56, which is a point light source, to obtain a desired luminance distribution.
- the luminance of the liquid crystal panel illuminated by the light source constituting the backlight unit is relatively higher in the vicinity of the center of the screen than in the periphery of the screen.
- this pack light unit it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display device having a luminance distribution characteristic in which the luminance near the center of the screen is relatively higher than that at the periphery of the screen. Furthermore, by controlling the image data supplied to the liquid crystal panel or controlling the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal panel, the luminance near the center of the screen is relatively higher than that at the periphery of the screen, as in a display device using a CRT. A liquid crystal display device having high luminance distribution characteristics can be obtained.
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Description
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Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AU2003273046A AU2003273046A1 (en) | 2002-10-22 | 2003-10-17 | Backlight unit and liquid crystal display unit using backlight unit |
JP2004546424A JP4073435B2 (ja) | 2002-10-22 | 2003-10-17 | バックライトユニット及びバックライトユニットを用いた液晶表示装置 |
EP03754180A EP1564478B1 (en) | 2002-10-22 | 2003-10-17 | Backlight unit and liquid crystal display unit using backlight unit |
US10/531,919 US7455425B2 (en) | 2002-10-22 | 2003-10-17 | Backlight unit and liquid crystal display device using the backlight unit |
US12/073,240 US7901103B2 (en) | 2002-10-22 | 2008-03-03 | Backlight unit and liquid crystal display device using the backlight unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
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JP2002307011 | 2002-10-22 | ||
JP2002307012 | 2002-10-22 | ||
JP2002-307012 | 2002-10-22 | ||
JP2002-307011 | 2002-10-22 | ||
JP2002368359 | 2002-12-19 | ||
JP2002-368359 | 2002-12-19 |
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US10531919 A-371-Of-International | 2003-10-17 | ||
US12/073,240 Division US7901103B2 (en) | 2002-10-22 | 2008-03-03 | Backlight unit and liquid crystal display device using the backlight unit |
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WO2004038283A1 true WO2004038283A1 (ja) | 2004-05-06 |
WO2004038283B1 WO2004038283B1 (ja) | 2004-08-12 |
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EP (2) | EP1564478B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4073435B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003273046A1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2378124T3 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI231349B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004038283A1 (ja) |
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- 2003-10-17 EP EP03754180A patent/EP1564478B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-17 EP EP09004608A patent/EP2071552B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2003-10-17 WO PCT/JP2003/013357 patent/WO2004038283A1/ja active Application Filing
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JP2005322645A (ja) * | 2004-05-07 | 2005-11-17 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | 構造を単純化したバックライトアセンブリー及びこれを備えた表示装置 |
JP2006018175A (ja) * | 2004-07-05 | 2006-01-19 | Nec Lcd Technologies Ltd | 表示装置 |
US8063868B2 (en) | 2004-07-05 | 2011-11-22 | Nec Corporation | Display device |
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JP2007149660A (ja) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-06-14 | Philips Lumileds Lightng Co Llc | 発光アレイ及び集光光学部を有する光源 |
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JP2009021196A (ja) * | 2007-07-13 | 2009-01-29 | Necディスプレイソリューションズ株式会社 | 照明装置 |
JP2010107753A (ja) * | 2008-10-30 | 2010-05-13 | Hitachi Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
US8477259B2 (en) | 2008-10-30 | 2013-07-02 | Hitachi Consumer Electronics Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display device |
WO2010103706A1 (ja) * | 2009-03-11 | 2010-09-16 | シャープ株式会社 | 照明装置、表示装置、及びテレビ受信装置 |
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JP2010272406A (ja) * | 2009-05-22 | 2010-12-02 | Hitachi Ltd | 液晶表示装置 |
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KR102070609B1 (ko) * | 2012-12-17 | 2020-01-29 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | 조명 장치 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2071552A3 (en) | 2009-10-21 |
US20060139952A1 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
EP1564478A4 (en) | 2008-12-10 |
EP2071552A2 (en) | 2009-06-17 |
US7455425B2 (en) | 2008-11-25 |
US20080158872A1 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
AU2003273046A1 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
ES2378124T3 (es) | 2012-04-09 |
EP1564478B1 (en) | 2012-01-25 |
US7901103B2 (en) | 2011-03-08 |
EP1564478A1 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
JPWO2004038283A1 (ja) | 2006-02-23 |
AU2003273046A8 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
TWI231349B (en) | 2005-04-21 |
EP2071552B1 (en) | 2012-01-25 |
TW200424472A (en) | 2004-11-16 |
JP4073435B2 (ja) | 2008-04-09 |
WO2004038283B1 (ja) | 2004-08-12 |
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