WO2002036836A1 - Granules verts contenant des oxydes metalliques pour four de reduction, procede de production de ces granules, procede de reduction de ces granules et installations de reduction - Google Patents
Granules verts contenant des oxydes metalliques pour four de reduction, procede de production de ces granules, procede de reduction de ces granules et installations de reduction Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002036836A1 WO2002036836A1 PCT/JP2001/009523 JP0109523W WO0236836A1 WO 2002036836 A1 WO2002036836 A1 WO 2002036836A1 JP 0109523 W JP0109523 W JP 0109523W WO 0236836 A1 WO0236836 A1 WO 0236836A1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/244—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic
- C22B1/245—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic with carbonaceous material for the production of coked agglomerates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0046—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes making metallised agglomerates or iron oxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/008—Use of special additives or fluxing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/10—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in hearth-type furnaces
- C21B13/105—Rotary hearth-type furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/16—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a circular or arcuate path
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
- F27B2009/3607—Heaters located above the track of the charge
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D2003/0001—Positioning the charge
- F27D2003/0006—Particulate materials
- F27D2003/001—Series of dispensers or separation in teo or more parts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/134—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by avoiding CO2, e.g. using hydrogen
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a reduction furnace manufactured as an intermediate raw material when reducing dust oxide containing metal oxides such as powdered ore and metal oxides generated in metal refining and processing industries.
- the present invention relates to a raw pellet containing metal oxides, a method for producing the pellet, a method for reducing the raw pellet in a reduction furnace such as a rotary hearth reduction furnace, and a reduction facility.
- the raw pellets are pellets before reduction in a reduction furnace, and the reduction pellets are pellets reduced in a reduction furnace.
- spherical pellets are produced using powdered metal oxides as raw materials, which are reduced at high temperatures.
- this type of process include shaft-type hydrogen gas reduction furnaces, rotary kiln-type reduction furnaces, rotary hearth-type reduction furnaces, and others.
- the raw pellets used in the shaft type hydrogen gas reduction furnace are granulated fine ore, and the reducing agent is hydrogen gas.
- a rotary kiln-type reduction furnace / rotary hearth-type reduction furnace heat is supplied from the reduction furnace, and the reduction reaction is performed using carbon mixed in the raw pellets.
- a rotary kiln-type reduction furnace / rotary hearth-type reduction furnace uses pellets in which carbon such as coal and coke is mixed with metal oxide powder.
- the rotary kiln is a firing furnace consisting of a rotating cylinder with a diameter of 2 to 5 m and a length of 30 to 80 m.
- This cylinder is made of steel and lined with refractories.
- the furnace temperature is 300-600 ° C at the raw material supply section and about 1100 ° C at the outlet.
- the supplied raw pellets are heated to about 1100 ° C for about 6 hours. At this temperature, the carbon and metal oxide in the raw pellets react to form carbon monoxide and metal, forming a reduced pellet.
- the reduction pellet is discharged from the kiln and cooled. After that, it is used as raw material for electric furnace and blast furnace.
- the rotary hearth type reduction furnace is a type of firing reduction furnace in which a disc-shaped refractory hearth lacking a center part rotates at a constant speed on rails under a fixed refractory ceiling and side walls.
- a rotary furnace The hearth diameter of the rotary furnace is 10 to 50 meters and the hearth width is 2 to 6 meters.
- the production pellets are supplied so as to be evenly spread on the hearth of the rotary furnace, and while the hearth rotates, each part in the furnace, that is, the raw material supply part, the heating zone, Move the redemption zone and the product discharge section.
- the greenlet is fed into the raw material supply section at a high temperature of about 1000 ° C.
- the carbon in the raw pellet reacts with the metal oxide to generate reduced metal.
- the reaction is completed in 7 to 20 minutes due to rapid heating.
- the reduced pellets are discharged from the furnace and cooled, and then used as raw materials for electric furnaces and blast furnaces.
- the raw pellets are left on the hearth, which has the advantage that the pellets are less likely to collapse in the furnace. As a result, there is no problem that the powdered material adheres to the refractory. There is an advantage that the product yield is high. It also has the advantages of high productivity, low cost, and the ability to use coal-based reducing agents and powdered raw materials.
- raw pellets formed of a granular material containing a metal oxide and carbon are spread over a rotating hearth, and the raw pellets are heated and reduced.
- the raw pellets are relatively stationary on the hearth.
- a granular reduced metal having good handling properties can be obtained.
- the powder is aggregated like a pellet, the contact between metal oxide and carbon is good, and the reduction reaction is likely to occur actively.
- a powder mainly composed of carbon and metal oxide is formed and granulated to produce a pellet, and the raw pellet is used as a raw material and is reduced by heating.
- metal oxides such as powdered ore and metal oxide dust and carbon as a reducing agent are used.
- fine iron ore such as pellet feed
- carbon is used as the reducing agent, it is desirable that the ratio of non-volatile carbon (fixed carbon) be high by about 1100 ° C, which is the temperature at which the reduction reaction occurs.
- a good source of carbon is coke breeze / anthracite.
- powders of two or more types of raw materials are used. This is to adjust the ratio of metal oxide to carbon.
- a bread granulator is used. First, raw material powders are mixed at a predetermined ratio, and then granulated into raw pellets using a bread granulator.
- the pan granulator consists of a rotating pan with a disk shape of 2 to 6 m in diameter.
- the bread is inclined at about 45 degrees, and the raw pellets grow while the raw powder containing water rolls and the raw powder is sprinkled around the generated nuclei. Go. Fully grown raw pellets come out of the bread under their own weight.
- the reduction furnace is a rotary kiln
- the temperature is about 300 ° C, and the raw pellets do not explode even in a water-containing state.
- the temperature of the raw pellet supply section is 1000 ° C or more, so raw pellets containing moisture will cause explosion due to moisture evaporation.
- the raw pellets are dried and supplied to the furnace.
- Ore is generally used as raw material powder containing metal oxide (hereinafter referred to as metal oxide-containing powder), but metal refining processes such as blast furnaces, converters, and electric furnaces, rolling, and processing processes
- metal refining processes such as blast furnaces, converters, and electric furnaces, rolling, and processing processes
- steel dust and sludge generated from steel is used.
- Dust and sludge generated in the steel manufacturing industry are mixed with impurities such as zinc and lead.
- a method of producing spherical raw pellets with a pan-type granulator, a method of molding with a stamping die and other methods, and molding from a plate with a hole mold There is an extrusion molding method of the type that extrudes the body.
- the production method using a bread-type granulating apparatus has the advantage that a fine and high-quality production product can be produced at low cost, and the bread-type granulation method is often used.
- the only option is to mix the metal oxide of the powder and the carbon source of the powder to granulate. High-strength raw pellets suitable for the former furnace could not be produced.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-193423 discloses that an organic binder is mixed at the time of granulation with a bread granulator to increase the strength of a raw pellet.
- a method has been proposed. However, sufficient consideration has not been given to the raw material conditions such as the particle size composition and components of the raw material powder, and the operating conditions such as moisture adjustment during granulation, and it is not always the case that high strength raw pellets are used.
- Raw pellets which are used in rotary kilns and rotary hearth-type reduction furnaces and are made from raw material powders containing coke breeze at a ratio of 5% or more, are particularly difficult to granulate and require binders.
- the strength can be ensured by the addition, but in general, the problem has not been solved only by adding the binder.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-241125 discloses an apparatus for supplying dried raw pellets from a granulating apparatus via a pellet drying apparatus to a rotary furnace. This is an important technology because it is a device that pre-drys raw pellets and prevents them from exploding due to moisture on the hot hearth.
- the problem when granulating the raw material powder including the carbon-containing powder is not limited to greenlet strength.
- the discharge of raw pellets from the bread granulator becomes discontinuous.
- the particle size composition of the raw material powder is poor or when the water content is poor, the growth of the raw pellets inside the granulator becomes unstable, and when the raw pellets are hardly discharged from the granulator and when the amount is large
- the timing of the discharge occurs alternately.
- the supply of raw pellets to the reduction furnace connected to the downstream process of the granulator is reduced. Discontinuity occurs, and further, the reduction reaction becomes unstable. It is also a serious problem that the strength of raw pellets when this phenomenon occurs is low.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the gist thereof is as follows.
- a reduction furnace comprising a raw material powder containing an oxide-containing powder and 5 to 30% by mass of a carbon-containing powder, and the powder containing 20 to 80% by mass of particles of 10 ⁇ m or less. Pellets containing metal oxides for use.
- the raw material powder forms powder particles having a particle size of 10 / im or less.
- a raw material powder containing a metal oxide-containing powder and 5 to 30% by mass of a carbon-containing powder subjected to carbonization is granulated to produce raw pellets.
- a raw powder containing a metal oxide-containing powder and 10 to 35% by mass of pulverized coal is granulated to produce a raw pellet, the raw powder has a particle diameter of ⁇ or less.
- a raw material powder containing twice the mass ratio of the metal oxide-containing powder and the carbon-containing powder subjected to the dry distillation treatment and the total mass ratio of the pulverized coal of 10 to 60% by mass is granulated,
- As a binder 0.5 to 4% by mass of bentonite or 1% by mass or less of corn starch is mixed with respect to the raw material powder.
- the method for producing a raw pellet containing metal oxide for a reduction furnace according to any one of the preceding claims.
- the raw material powder is collected by a non-burning type dust collector of a converter gas, and contains 15 to 75% by mass of dust collected as a thick sediment (3).
- Item 10 The method for producing a metal-oxide-containing raw pellet for a reduction furnace according to any one of items 9 to 10.
- the number of moles of carbon atoms in the raw material powder is 0.5 to 1.5 times the number of moles of oxygen atoms of the metal oxide reduced by carbon in the range of 1200 to 400 ° C. ).
- the granulated raw pellet is dried to a water content of 2% by mass or less, wherein the metal oxide-containing raw material for a reduction furnace according to any one of (3) to (11) is characterized by being dried. Pellet manufacturing method.
- the granulated raw pellets are characterized by removing undersized raw pellets with a sieve having a width of 2 mm or more and removing oversized raw pellets with a sieve having a width of 30 mm or less.
- Iron oxide-containing pellets for reduction furnaces described in any of paragraphs (1) and (2) or the method described in any one of paragraphs (3) to (13) The manufactured iron oxide-containing raw pellets for the reduction furnace are charged into the zone where the furnace temperature of the rotary hearth type reduction furnace is 900 to 1200 ° C, and fired at a temperature of 1200 ° C or more for 5 minutes or more.
- the raw pellets are characterized in that they are charged on the hearth of a rotary hearth reduction furnace with an average diameter of 8 to 20 mm and the average number of layers is 2.0 or less, and are fired and reduced (14).
- a raw material powder composed of a metal oxide-containing powder and a carbon-containing powder and containing 20 to 80% by mass of powder particles having a particle size of ⁇ or less is granulated into a raw pellet.
- the raw pellets are removed by a classifier to remove undersized and oversized raw pellets, the water content is reduced by a pellet dryer, and then charged into a rotary hearth reduction furnace.
- the raw pellets containing metal oxides for reduction furnaces are characterized in that the raw pellets are calcined and reduced while continuously transferring the pellets between each unit operation.
- FIG. 1 is an overall flow diagram of a rotary hearth type reduction facility as an example for carrying out the present invention, and shows a raw material preparation step to a reduction step.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cross section of a rotary hearth-type reduction furnace.
- the present invention relates to a raw material using a powder containing metal oxide and carbon as a raw material for a reduction furnace for use as a raw pellet, such as a vertical shaft furnace, a rotary kiln, a rotary hearth type reduction furnace. It relates to technologies such as pellets, their manufacturing methods, methods for reducing raw pellets in these reduction furnaces, and their equipment.
- a rotary hearth method which requires the most raw pellet strength, will be described.
- the present invention is applicable not only to the rotary hearth type reduction furnace but also to other reduction furnaces.
- FIG. 1 a schematic diagram of a rotary hearth type reduction process is shown in FIG.
- This equipment mainly consists of a plurality of raw material storage bins 1, a kneading device 5, a bread type granulating device 7, a pellet sieving device 9, a pellet drying device 11, and a rotary hearth reducing furnace 13.
- a ball mill type kneading apparatus and a hot air type pellet drying apparatus using waste heat are installed is shown.
- Raw material powders containing metal oxides and carbon are used to control granulation performance, chemical components for reduction, and other required properties.
- the raw material mixing ratio is determined from the raw material storage bins 1, and the raw materials are cut out on the raw material conveyor 2.
- the powder cutting device 29 of the raw material storage bin 1 needs to have a variable quantitative cutting function. Determine the mixing ratio using the particle size, chemical composition, and water content as the main adjustment items. In order to increase the strength of the pellet, an appropriate particle size distribution is necessary. Therefore, a coarse powder and a fine powder are mixed at a predetermined ratio. Also, in order to carry out the reduction reaction properly, the ratio of metal oxide to carbon should be appropriate. Dispense powder at a fixed ratio onto the raw material conveyor 2 with a focus on making the above two items appropriate.
- the carbon content in the raw material powder is determined by the oxygen (active oxygen) chemically bonded to the metal oxide to be reduced. That is, oxides such as iron and nickel are reduced by carbon in the rotary hearth-type reduction furnace 13 at a temperature of around 1200 ° C to 1400 ° C. In the reduction in a rotary hearth-type reduction furnace, the reduction reaction is mainly performed under the condition that metal oxide and carbon form carbon monoxide. Therefore, the ratio of carbon in the raw material powder to the metal oxide containing these iron oxides is determined by the number of moles of carbon atoms, The ratio of oxygen to the number of atomic moles is preferably 0.5 to 1.5, with 1.0 as the center. The mixing ratio of carbon at this time is about 5 to 25% by mass.
- coal, coke, charcoal, pitch, etc. are used as carbon sources.
- Coal contains solid carbon and carbon contained in volatile matter. Solid carbon effectively contributes to the reduction reaction, but carbon in volatiles is volatilized before the reduction reaction starts, and is not effectively used for reduction. Therefore, extra carbon content of coal is required for the amount of carbon required for reduction, and the mixing ratio to the raw material powder increases.
- the moisture is set so as to be lower than the appropriate moisture in the kneading device 5 or the bread granulating device 7. Therefore, the chemical composition, particle size distribution, water content, etc. of each raw material should be measured in advance.
- the moisture ratio of the raw material powder placed on the raw material conveyor 2 is less than the appropriate water ratio in the kneading device 5, water is added in the water adding device 3, and the mixture is kneaded in the humidity controlling raw material conveyor 4. Sent to device 5. Since the mixing ratio of the raw material powder is determined based on the particle size and the chemical component as the first priority condition, the water content in the raw material powder is not always in an appropriate range for the kneading apparatus 5. In addition, the moisture content of the raw material powder varies depending on the weather and other conditions. Therefore, the moisture adjustment at this stage is very important. In the kneading device 5, the raw material powders are uniformly mixed.
- a kneading apparatus having a crushing function such as a ball mill is desirable.
- a kneading device including a cylinder, a rotating device for a cylinder, and a metal ball placed in the cylinder is used, the raw material powder is charged into the cylinder and the cylinder is rotated to obtain the raw material powder.
- the raw material powder can be crushed by metal balls. Wear.
- the kneading device 5 has powder moisture that is appropriate for its model and size. In the case of a ball mill, the water content is preferably in the range of about 6 to 9%.
- the kneaded raw material powder is sent to a pan-type granulator 7 on a kneading raw material conveyor 6.
- the raw material powder is rolled with a 45 ° inclined disk-type pan with a diameter of 2 to 6 m, and the powder is spread around the generated nuclei to produce several mm to 30 mm. Manufacture the let.
- the particle size distribution and the water content of the raw material powder are appropriate.
- the raw pellet strength required as a raw pellet for a reduction furnace such as a rotary hearth reduction furnace is a crushing strength of 2 ⁇ 10 5 NZm 2 or more.
- such a raw pellet has a drop strength of 50 cm, defined as the number of times until it breaks when dropped 50 cm, at least 7 times in a wet state, preferably 10 to 15 times, and 3 times in a dry state. Times or more, preferably 4 to 8 times.
- a method for producing raw pellets that satisfies this condition is described below.
- the particle size distribution of the raw material powder is appropriate. It is important that For example, in the conventional granulation technique, the condition that particles having a particle size of 74 ⁇ or less exist in an amount of 60% by mass or more was a required condition.
- the carbon-containing powder is poorly compatible with water, and weakens the bond between the raw material powders in the raw pellet.
- the raw pellet containing the carbon-containing powder has relatively low strength even when the particle size composition is almost the same. carbon It was also confirmed that the higher the ratio of the contained powder, the lower the raw pellet strength.
- the present inventors have conducted various experiments on the case where the carbon-containing powder contains 5% by mass or more and the coal contains 10% by mass or more, and as a result, the area around the carbon-containing powder in the raw pellets was reduced. Have many voids, and as a result, found that the crush strength is low. Therefore, the present inventors have found that it is important to fill these voids, and if a raw material having an appropriate particle size distribution is used, the powder becomes dense inside the pellet and the strength of the pellet is increased. It was recognized that the raw pellet diameter in the granulator became uniform and the discharge speed became constant.
- a powder having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less was mixed with the raw material powder and granulated.Small powder particles were found around the carbon-containing powder having a relatively large particle size. The enclosure and the raw pellets have become denser, and the raw pellet strength has improved.
- the ratio of the carbon-containing powder in the raw material powder is extremely large, the effect of improving the raw pellet strength by mixing fine raw material powder particles is reduced.
- the ratio of the carbon-containing powder in the raw material powder in the present invention is in the range of 5 to 30% by mass in the case of the carbon-distilled carbonized powder, and 10 to 35% by mass in the case of coal.
- the sum of the ratio of two times and coal ratio of carbonization-treated carbon-containing powder is 10 to 60 mass 0/0 Range
- the ratio of the raw material powder of 10 ⁇ m or less there are various methods for adjusting the ratio of the raw material powder of 10 ⁇ m or less, but it is easiest to adjust the mixing ratio of the raw material powder having a high particle ratio of 10 ⁇ m or less. It is. As such powder, it is preferable to use the dust collected as the sitaner precipitate from the non-burning type dust collector of the converter gas, that is, the converter dust. Converter dust is less than 10 // m It contains 80-90% by mass of the lower particles, which is desirable as a fine particle source. In addition, since the iron content is as high as 70% by mass or more, after reduction, there is an effect that a high-quality reduced pellet having a high iron content can be produced. The mixing ratio of the converter dust is preferably 15 to 75% by mass.
- the dust contained in the gas generated from the steelmaking electric furnace that is, the electric furnace dust also has the same effect, and the mixing ratio is preferably 15 to 75% by mass.
- electric furnace dust since electric furnace dust has a low iron content, it is not efficient for the production of reduced pellets with a high iron content.
- the bread type granulator 7 In order to produce raw pellets with stable productivity and high strength using a pan-type granulator, it is necessary that the moisture content besides the particle size distribution of the raw material powder is appropriate. Therefore, it is necessary for the bread type granulator 7 to precisely control the water content in the raw material powder. If the water content is too low, the growth of the raw pellets is too slow to produce dense and strong raw pellets. On the other hand, if there is too much water, the small-diameter raw pellets that have started to grow will stick together, resulting in an abnormally shaped raw pellet with extremely low strength. In this state, the pellets will not stably come out of the granulator, and intermittent raw pellets will be discharged. As a result, the throughput per hour of the pellet drying device 11 and the rotary furnace 13 which is the downstream process fluctuates in a short time, and the entire process operation becomes unstable.
- the present inventors determined an appropriate moisture value for the bread-type granulation method, and found that there was an appropriate value between 8 and 13% by mass, depending on the type and particle size of the raw material powder. I found that.
- the fluctuation range of the moisture is not less than 2% while the type and the particle size of the raw material powder are the same, the above-mentioned problem occurs and the granulation becomes unstable. Therefore, it is important to adjust the raw material powder before being charged into the bread granulator, for example, it is important to adjust the water content to be appropriate for granulation in the kneading process. If the appropriate moisture in the kneading process is lower than the moisture value in the granulation process, During the granulation process, the water content is adjusted to an appropriate range with a water addition device, not shown in Fig. 1.
- binders that do not emit gas or moisture that hinder the reduction of raw pellets in a high-temperature furnace are bentonite and cone starch.
- the proper mixing ratio of these binders is 0.5 to 4% by mass of bentonite and 1% by mass of cone starch 0 / based on the raw material powder. It was below. If a binder with a ratio of more than this ratio is mixed, small diameter pellets will stick together during the growth process, as in the case of a high moisture content, causing problems in the stability and pellet strength of the granulation operation.
- the raw pellets produced by the method described above are classified to remove powder and large-diameter raw pellets, they are dried with a dry mass 11 and calcined and reduced in a rotary furnace 13.
- the raw pellets produced by the bread granulator 7 include raw pellets of small diameter and powder.
- the small-diameter raw pellets and powder cause problems such as obstruction of the air flow between the raw pellets in the pellet dryer 11 and build-up on the hearth of the rotary furnace. Therefore, the pellets are sent to a pellet sieving apparatus 9 by a production pellet conveyor 8 to remove small production pellets and powder. If the sieve is too thin, clogging can occur. Therefore, the sieves should be at least 2 mm apart.
- Eliminating oversized raw pellets with this pelletizer 9 is also an effective method.
- raw pellets that are too large take a long time to conduct heat inside, and there is a problem that the reduction time in the rotary furnace is prolonged.
- the pellet sieving device 9 is installed before the pellet drying device 11. Because, in general, when classifying with a sieve device, mechanical operations such as vibration are performed.
- the wet pellets which are wet, have relatively high strength and can withstand such mechanical movements. In other words, if the wet pellets are classified through a sieve, less raw pellets will break down. However, dried raw pellets have low strength and often collapse. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 1, it is an effective method to classify raw pellets in a water-containing state.
- the pellets are sent to the pellet drying device 11 on the conveyor 10 after sieving, where they are dried.
- a hot-air dryer is desirable. From the viewpoint of energy saving, it is economical to produce hot air in the heat exchanger 18 that recovers the sensible heat of the exhaust gas from the rotary furnace and use it for drying. Drying is performed at a low temperature of 250 ° C or less to prevent the generation of cracks in the pellet due to evaporation of water.
- the raw pellets are continuously processed and transported between the time the raw pellets are produced by the pan-type granulator 7 and the time they are fed onto the hearth 26 of the rotary furnace 13. It is important not to stockpile. Further, in the pellet sieving device 9 and the pellet drying device 11, it is necessary to continuously process raw pellets. When performing patch processing, a pellet storage tank and a dispensing device are required before and after intermittent processing. Raw pellets When stored in a dough bin, the weight of the raw pellets on top may cause the lower raw pellets to collapse, and the excavator or cutting device may give a mechanical shock when dispensing. Yes, raw pellets easily disintegrate.
- the raw pellets are not stored, and for example, raw pellet conveyors 8, post-sieving conveyors 10, and dry pellet conveyors 12. It is a preferable method to carry by a continuous carrying device.
- a belt conveyor and a pipe conveyor are effective as the continuous transfer device. This is because the raw pellets are not subjected to excessive force during transportation.
- the drying device 11 and the rotary hearth-type reduction furnace 13 are installed in this order, and further, between the powder storage tank 1 and the kneading device 5, and between the kneading device 5 and the pan-type granulating device 7.
- a water addition device is provided on both or either of these, and between each of these devices from the powder storage tank 1 to the rotary hearth type reduction furnace 13, for example, a raw material conveyor 2, a production pellet conveyor 8, If a continuous conveyor such as a post-sieving conveyor 10 and a dry belt conveyor 12 is provided, and if a water addition device 3 is provided between the powder storage tank 1 and the kneading device 5, the kneading device 5 and the water addition Humidity control raw material conveyor 4 between equipment 3 or kneading equipment 5 When a water addition device (not shown) is provided between the water-mixing device 7 and the pan-type granulation device, any one of continuous feeding devices of a moisture-mixing and kneading raw material conveyor (not shown) is provided between the water addition device and the pan-type granulation device. In this way, it is preferable to adjust the moisture in the production of raw pellets and to transport and transfer the raw pellets efficiently. Good.
- the raw pellets produced by the pan-type granulating device 7 will not fall due to the drop impact if the total drop during transport is long. Ruptures.
- the present inventors have found that the raw pellet strength is a maximum of 15 drops of 50 cm before drying and a maximum of eight drops of 50 cm in a dry state.
- the total drop distance from the pan-type granulator 7 to the pellet dryer 11 in the range of water content is 7 m or less, and the hearth of the pellet furnace 11 to the rotary furnace 13 in the range where the raw pellets are dry.
- the total fall distance up to 25 must be less than 4 m.
- the raw pellets after drying are sent to a rotary furnace 13 on a drying pellet conveyor 12 where they are calcined and reduced.
- the atmosphere temperature of the heating zone is 900-1200 ° C
- the hearth temperature is 1000-1150 ° C.
- the dried raw pellets are supplied to the part of the rotary furnace where the temperature in the furnace is 900 ⁇ L200 ° C. If a dense production pellet with a porosity of 32% or less is supplied to such a high-temperature atmosphere, there is a risk of explosion due to evaporation of water inside the raw pellet. Therefore, in order to prevent dense raw pellets having a porosity of 32% or less from causing explosion due to moisture under these temperature conditions, it is important that the moisture in the raw pellets is low.
- the present inventor has investigated the moisture content of the raw pellets produced by the method of the present invention, which does not explode under these conditions. As a result, if the moisture content is 2% by mass or less, there is no problem. Therefore, it is effective to keep the moisture content of raw pellets after drying to 2% or less.
- the rotary furnace 13 has a structure in which a rotary hearth 25 that moves on a wheel 27 is provided below a ceiling 22 and a furnace wall 23.
- the raw pellets 28 are left on the hearth 25 and make a round in the furnace.
- the fuel gas is cooked from the burner 24 and the maximum temperature of the gas is increased to 1200- Use an appropriate temperature between 1400 ° C.
- the supplied raw pellets 28 initially have a high degree of oxidation of the gas, and enter the furnace portion (heating zone) of 900 to 1200 ° C and are heated. Thereafter, the raw pellets are reduced in the high-temperature part (reduction zone) where the degree of oxidation of the gas is low.
- the temperature at which metal oxides such as iron and nickel actively react with carbon and are reduced is 1200 ° C or higher, so the supplied raw pellets are heated and fired at 1200 ° C or higher.
- the metal oxide reacts with the carbon to produce a reduced metal and carbon monoxide.
- metals having a high vapor pressure at about 1200 ° C, such as zinc and lead, are evaporated and removed from the raw pellets.
- the reduction time is a minimum of 5 minutes, and after a reduction of 5 to 20 minutes, relatively easily reduced metals such as iron and nickel of raw pellets are reduced.
- the heat transfer of the rotary furnace 13 is radiation of the hot gas above the raw pellets and heat transfer from the hearth 26.
- the average raw pellet diameter is preferably 8 to 20 mm.
- the productivity per hearth area decreases.
- the heat transfer delay inside the raw pellets causes a delay of about 5 minutes. In the reaction time, the reduction reaction of the central part does not end.
- the reduction bellet that has completed the reduction is discharged from the rotary furnace 13 by the discharge device.
- the reduction pellets discharged from the rotary furnace are sent to a melting step or cooled by a reduction pellet cooling device 14 while being kept at a high temperature, and are stored in a reduction pellet storage tank 16 via a reduction pellet conveyor 15.
- Fig. 1 shows an example in which equipment for cooling the reduction pellet is provided. After that, it is sent to the blast furnace, electric furnace, converter and other utilization processes and used.
- the flue gas from the rotary furnace is sent from the exhaust duct 17 to the heat exchanger 18 where the air is heated. This air is used as a heat source for drying the raw pellets. Thereafter, the flue gas is removed by a dust collector 19 and is emitted to the atmosphere from a chimney 20.
- the raw pellets produced by the method of the present invention can be used not only in a rotary hearth-type reduction furnace but also in a rotary kiln and in a vertical shaft furnace having a low furnace height.
- a rotary kiln the production of high-strength raw pellets has the effect of preventing the formation of dam rings inside the kiln, and in the case of a vertical shaft furnace, there is an effect of preventing gas from flowing into the furnace due to the generation of powder. .
- it when using a reduction pellet in a blast furnace, it must be granular.
- Peretz toffee de powder ore 89% content of ferric oxide (F e 2 0 3), an average particle size of 68 ⁇ ⁇ , be those ratios of 10 mu m or less of particles of 13 mass% Was.
- the converter dust has a ferrous oxide (FeO) content of 34% by mass, a metallic iron content of 43% by mass, and an average particle size of 6 ⁇ and 10 cm or less. ratio of were of 81 mass 0/0. Dust collection coke
- the powder had a carbon content of 83% by mass, an average particle size of 89 xm, and a ratio of particles having a particle size of ⁇ or less of 8% by mass.
- Example 1 40% by mass of the pellet feed ore, 37% by mass of the converter dust, and 23% by mass of the flour were mixed and cut out on the raw material conveyor 2. .
- the particle ratio of 10 Xm or less in the mixed raw material powder was 36% by mass.
- the atomic molar ratio between carbon and oxygen bonded to iron oxide was 0.86.
- the powder ratio of the raw material powder of 10 ⁇ m or less was in the range of 20 to 80% by mass, and was as in the blending method according to the present invention.
- Example 1 Since the water content of the mixed raw material powder was 7 to 8% by mass, water was sprayed in advance so that the water content became approximately 9% by mass and water was added. Approximately 1% by mass of water was sprinkled with the granulator 7. By this method, the appropriate moisture ratio in the bread granulator 7 was set to 9.5 to 11% by mass.
- bentonite was added in an amount of 1.4% of the mass of the raw material powder as a binder.
- the granulated pellets were strong pellets having an average diameter of 13.4 mm and an average crushing strength of 2.9 ⁇ 10 5 N / m 2 .
- the 50 cm drop strength of this raw pellet was 9 times in the wet state and 4 times in the dry state.
- This raw pellet was dried and supplied to the rotary furnace 13. During this time, the raw pellets broken before reduction accounted for 7.5% by mass. 12 minutes, at temperatures up to 1320 ° C, the grain ratio of 4 mm over the reduction Peretz bets in 92 mass 0/0, the metallization rate was good at 92% by weight.
- Comparative Example 1 the results of operations based on the conventional method are shown.
- the equipment shown in Figure 1 was used, but the operation method is the same as before.
- the raw material used was a mixture of 74% by mass of the pellet feed ore and 26% by mass of dust coke powder described above. At this time, the ratio of particles having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less is 12% by mass, and carbon and iron oxide are combined.
- the atomic molar ratio with oxygen was 1.0.
- the raw material powder was made into a production pellet by the bread granulator 7.
- the operation method was the same as in Example 1.
- the average diameter was obtained raw pellet of 12. 8 mm, an average crush strength of 1.
- a 3 XX 10 5 N / m 2 the strength was low.
- the 50 cm drop strength of this raw pellet was 5 times in the wet state and 1 time in the dry state.
- This raw pellet was classified, dried and reduced in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the amount of raw pellets that had become loose before reduction was high at 19.8% by mass.
- the particle ratio of the reduced pellets exceeding 4 mm was as small as 78% by mass, and the metallization ratio was as low as 78% by mass.
- the ratio of raw pellets broken during operation and transportation was large, and the ratio of powdered pellets on the hearth 25 was also large. Had also dropped significantly.
- Example 1 which is an operation using the present invention, an operation was performed in which the raw pellets that were formed during the treatment were small, and the particle ratio of the reduced pellets of the product and the metallization ratio were high. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, these results were poor.
- Fig. 1 The results of operation using the rotary hearth type reduction furnace equipment shown in Fig. 1 are shown.
- This facility produces 15 ton / h reduced iron pellets for blast furnaces.
- the pellet feed ore had a ferric oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) content of 89% by mass, an average particle size of 68 ⁇ , and a ratio of particles of 10 ⁇ m or less of 13% by mass.
- the converter dust has a ratio of particles of ferrous oxide (FeO) of 34% by mass, metallic iron of 43% by mass, an average particle size of 6 m, and 10 ⁇ or less. The rate was 81% by mass.
- the collected dust coke powder had a carbon content of 83% by mass, an average particle size of 89 / m, and a ratio of particles of 10m or less being 8% by mass.
- Example 2 the pellet feed ore was mixed at a ratio of 40% by mass, the converter dust at a ratio of 37% by mass, and the dust collecting coats powder at a ratio of 23% by mass, and cut on the raw material transport conveyor 2. .
- the average particle size of the mixed raw material powder was 50 ⁇ m, and the ratio of particles having a size of 10 ⁇ m or less was 36% by mass.
- the atomic molar ratio between carbon and oxygen bonded to iron oxide was 0.86.
- the powder ratio of the raw material powder of 10 ⁇ m or less was in the range of 20 to 80% by mass, and was a compounding method according to the present invention.
- the water content of this raw material powder was 5.7% by mass.
- the water value that can be properly mixed in the kneading device 5 of the pole mill type shown in Fig. 1 is 7 to 9% by mass.
- the raw material powder was sufficiently mixed and sent to the next granulation step, and the raw material powder was granulated by the pan-type granulator 7.
- An appropriate moisture value for granulation in Example 2 is 9.5 to 11% by mass.
- the granulation is stabilized by spraying water of 1 to 1.5% by mass.
- the water content of the raw material powder before entering the bread granulation device 7 was within an appropriate range, and therefore water was not added before the bread granulation device 7. However, when the water content of the raw material powder was low, water was added.
- bentonite was added as a binder in an amount of 1.4% of the mass of the raw material powder.
- the granulated raw pellet had an average diameter of 13.4 mm, an average crushing strength of 2.9 ⁇ 10 5 N / m 2 , and was a strong raw pellet. Also, The 50 cm drop strength of this raw pellet was 9 times in a wet state and 4 times in a dry state.
- the pellets were dried with a pellet drying device 11 and supplied to a rotary furnace 13. During this time, the raw pellets that had become soiled before reduction were 7.5% by mass. 12 minutes, at temperatures up to 1320 ° C, the grain ratio 92 mass 0/0 of the reduced by furnace or al ejected reduced base Re' bets 4 mm over the metal ratio is good at 92% by weight there were.
- Comparative Example 2 the results of operations based on the conventional method are shown.
- the equipment used is the one shown in Fig. 1, but the operation method is the same as before.
- the raw material powder used was a mixture of 74% by mass of the pellet feed ore described above and 26% by mass of dust collecting coats powder. At this time, the ratio of particles having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less was 12% by mass, and the atomic molar ratio of carbon and oxygen bonded to iron oxide was 0.86.
- the raw pellet was converted into a raw pellet by the pan-type granulator 7.
- the operating method was the same as in Example 2.
- a raw pellet having an average diameter of 12.8 mm was obtained, but the average crushing strength was 1.3 ⁇ 10 5 NZ m 2 , and the strength was low.
- the 50 cm drop strength of this raw pellet was 5 times in the wet state and 1 time in the dry state.
- This raw pellet was classified, dried and reduced in the same manner as in Example 2. As a result, the raw pellets broken before reduction were as large as 19.8% by mass. In addition, the particle ratio of the 4 mm hopper of the reduction pellet is 78 mass 0 /. And the metallization ratio was as low as 78% by mass. As described above, since the ratio of raw pellets that grow during operation and transport was high, and the ratio of powdered material on the hearth 25 was high, the powder was reoxidized after discharge from the furnace, and metal The conversion rate also dropped significantly.
- Example 2 which is the operation using the present invention
- the operation reduced the number of pellets that could be destroyed by the process, and the ratio of the pellets of the reduction pellets as a product and the metallization rate were high.
- Comparative Example 2 these results were poor.
- the production method thereof, the reduction method thereof, and the reduction equipment it is possible to produce raw pellets having high strength that can be used in a reduction furnace.
- the pellets can be calcined and reduced in a reduction furnace such as a rotary kiln or a rotary hearth-type reduction furnace without breaking the pellet, and a reduction pellet having a high particle ratio and a high reduction rate can be obtained.
- a reduction furnace such as a rotary kiln or a rotary hearth-type reduction furnace without breaking the pellet, and a reduction pellet having a high particle ratio and a high reduction rate can be obtained.
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE60138725T DE60138725D1 (de) | 2000-10-30 | 2001-10-30 | METALLOXID ENTHALTENDES GRÜNPELLET FÜR REDUKTIONSOFEN und VERFAHREN ZU SEINER HERSTELLUNG, VERFAHREN ZU SEINER REDUKTION |
EP01978958A EP1338660B1 (en) | 2000-10-30 | 2001-10-30 | Metal oxide-containing green pellet for reducing furnace and method for production thereof, method for reduction thereof |
AU2002210979A AU2002210979A1 (en) | 2000-10-30 | 2001-10-30 | Metal oxide-containing green pellet for reducing furnace, method for production thereof, method for reduction thereof, and reduction facilities |
KR10-2003-7005921A KR100530815B1 (ko) | 2000-10-30 | 2001-10-30 | 환원로용 산화 금속 함유 미가공 팰릿, 그 제조 방법, 그환원 방법 및 환원 설비 |
US10/415,675 US7815710B2 (en) | 2000-10-30 | 2001-10-30 | Metal oxide-containing green pellet for reducing furnace, method for production thereof, method of reduction thereof, and reduction facilities |
CA002427521A CA2427521A1 (en) | 2000-10-30 | 2001-10-30 | Metal oxide-bearing green pellets for reducing furnace, method of production of same, method of reduction of same, and reduction facility |
US12/804,844 US7964014B2 (en) | 2000-10-30 | 2010-07-29 | Metal oxide-bearing green pellets for reducing furnace, method of production of same, method of reduction of same, and reduction facility |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2000-331181 | 2000-10-30 | ||
JP2000331181 | 2000-10-30 | ||
JP2000-331182 | 2000-10-30 | ||
JP2000331182 | 2000-10-30 | ||
JP2001-269796 | 2001-09-06 | ||
JP2001269795A JP3635252B2 (ja) | 2000-10-30 | 2001-09-06 | 酸化金属の還元方法 |
JP2001-269795 | 2001-09-06 | ||
JP2001269796A JP3635253B2 (ja) | 2000-10-30 | 2001-09-06 | 還元炉向けペレットの製造方法、および、酸化金属の還元方法 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US10415675 A-371-Of-International | 2001-10-30 | ||
US12/804,844 Division US7964014B2 (en) | 2000-10-30 | 2010-07-29 | Metal oxide-bearing green pellets for reducing furnace, method of production of same, method of reduction of same, and reduction facility |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2002036836A1 true WO2002036836A1 (fr) | 2002-05-10 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2001/009523 WO2002036836A1 (fr) | 2000-10-30 | 2001-10-30 | Granules verts contenant des oxydes metalliques pour four de reduction, procede de production de ces granules, procede de reduction de ces granules et installations de reduction |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
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US (2) | US7815710B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1338660B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100530815B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1246485C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2002210979A1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2427521A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60138725D1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2323763T3 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW565617B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002036836A1 (ja) |
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- 2001-10-30 US US10/415,675 patent/US7815710B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-10-30 KR KR10-2003-7005921A patent/KR100530815B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2001-10-30 AU AU2002210979A patent/AU2002210979A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-10-30 DE DE60138725T patent/DE60138725D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-30 CN CNB018183492A patent/CN1246485C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-10-30 TW TW090126938A patent/TW565617B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-10-30 ES ES01978958T patent/ES2323763T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-30 EP EP01978958A patent/EP1338660B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-30 CA CA002427521A patent/CA2427521A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-10-30 WO PCT/JP2001/009523 patent/WO2002036836A1/ja active IP Right Grant
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Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2004081240A1 (ja) * | 2003-03-12 | 2004-09-23 | Nippon Steel Corporation | 回転炉床式還元炉への転炉ダストリサイクル方法 |
WO2007116580A1 (ja) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-18 | Ntn Corporation | 製鋼ダストのリサイクル方法 |
JP2007270229A (ja) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-18 | Ntn Corp | 製鋼ダストのリサイクルシステム |
US8080084B2 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2011-12-20 | Ntn Corporation | Method for recycling steelmaking dust |
CN104357656A (zh) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-02-18 | 湖北丹江口市宝洲冶金材料有限公司 | 一种有机粘结剂及用其生产的高炉炼铁用球团 |
CN109622312A (zh) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-04-16 | 巨力自动化设备(浙江)有限公司 | 异形线涂覆流水线 |
CN109622312B (zh) * | 2019-01-18 | 2023-12-12 | 巨力自动化设备(浙江)有限公司 | 异形线涂覆流水线 |
CN113981216A (zh) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-28 | 广东华欣环保科技有限公司 | 一种转底炉金属化球团筛下粉的处理方法 |
CN113981216B (zh) * | 2021-10-21 | 2023-02-28 | 广东华欣环保科技有限公司 | 一种转底炉金属化球团筛下粉的处理方法 |
CN114012100A (zh) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-08 | 宁波新睦科技有限公司 | 一种粉末冶金的原料粉末制备工艺 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR100530815B1 (ko) | 2005-11-25 |
EP1338660A1 (en) | 2003-08-27 |
EP1338660B1 (en) | 2009-05-13 |
US7815710B2 (en) | 2010-10-19 |
US7964014B2 (en) | 2011-06-21 |
KR20030044058A (ko) | 2003-06-02 |
US20040020326A1 (en) | 2004-02-05 |
DE60138725D1 (de) | 2009-06-25 |
CN1246485C (zh) | 2006-03-22 |
CN1473204A (zh) | 2004-02-04 |
ES2323763T3 (es) | 2009-07-24 |
CA2427521A1 (en) | 2003-04-30 |
US20100294079A1 (en) | 2010-11-25 |
TW565617B (en) | 2003-12-11 |
AU2002210979A1 (en) | 2002-05-15 |
EP1338660A4 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
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