WO2001035452A1 - Plaquette epitaxiee de silicium et son procede de production - Google Patents
Plaquette epitaxiee de silicium et son procede de production Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001035452A1 WO2001035452A1 PCT/JP2000/007833 JP0007833W WO0135452A1 WO 2001035452 A1 WO2001035452 A1 WO 2001035452A1 JP 0007833 W JP0007833 W JP 0007833W WO 0135452 A1 WO0135452 A1 WO 0135452A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- ion
- epitaxy
- ion implantation
- epitaxial
- Prior art date
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 106
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 106
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims description 106
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 192
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000407 epitaxy Methods 0.000 claims description 186
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 134
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 134
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 134
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000001947 vapour-phase growth Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH](Cl)Cl ZDHXKXAHOVTTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005052 trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000927 vapour-phase epitaxy Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH2]Cl MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 42
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- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 712
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 183
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 82
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 82
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 71
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 59
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
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- PUAQLLVFLMYYJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminopropiophenone Chemical compound CC(N)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PUAQLLVFLMYYJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 2
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- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZOCHARZZJNPSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron Chemical compound B#B ZOCHARZZJNPSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/20—Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth solid phase epitaxy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/26—Bombardment with radiation
- H01L21/263—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation
- H01L21/265—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation
- H01L21/26506—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation in group IV semiconductors
- H01L21/26513—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation in group IV semiconductors of electrically active species
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/324—Thermal treatment for modifying the properties of semiconductor bodies, e.g. annealing, sintering
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/324—Thermal treatment for modifying the properties of semiconductor bodies, e.g. annealing, sintering
- H01L21/3247—Thermal treatment for modifying the properties of semiconductor bodies, e.g. annealing, sintering for altering the shape, e.g. smoothing the surface
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/74—Making of localized buried regions, e.g. buried collector layers, internal connections substrate contacts
- H01L21/743—Making of internal connections, substrate contacts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/06—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
- H01L29/08—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode carrying current to be rectified, amplified or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
- H01L29/0821—Collector regions of bipolar transistors
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- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66075—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
- H01L29/66227—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
- H01L29/66234—Bipolar junction transistors [BJT]
- H01L29/66272—Silicon vertical transistors
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- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/70—Bipolar devices
- H01L29/72—Transistor-type devices, i.e. able to continuously respond to applied control signals
- H01L29/73—Bipolar junction transistors
- H01L29/732—Vertical transistors
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- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66075—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
- H01L29/66227—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
- H01L29/66409—Unipolar field-effect transistors
- H01L29/66477—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET
- H01L29/66674—DMOS transistors, i.e. MISFETs with a channel accommodating body or base region adjoining a drain drift region
- H01L29/66712—Vertical DMOS transistors, i.e. VDMOS transistors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/7801—DMOS transistors, i.e. MISFETs with a channel accommodating body or base region adjoining a drain drift region
- H01L29/7802—Vertical DMOS transistors, i.e. VDMOS transistors
- H01L29/7809—Vertical DMOS transistors, i.e. VDMOS transistors having both source and drain contacts on the same surface, i.e. Up-Drain VDMOS transistors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a silicon epitaxial wafer and an epitaxial wafer manufactured by the method. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an epitaxial wafer, in which a buried layer is formed by vapor-growing a silicon epitaxial layer after ion implantation into the silicon epitaxial layer, and an epitaxial wafer manufactured by the method.
- Background art
- a silicon single crystal thin film (hereinafter simply referred to as “silicon epitaxial wafer”) in which a silicon single crystal thin film is vapor-phase epitaxially grown on a silicon single crystal substrate (hereinafter simply referred to as “epitaxial wafer”).
- epitaxial wafer silicon single crystal thin film
- epitaxial layer or simply “epitaxial layer”
- a technique of forming an ion-implanted layer of an impurity element by ion implantation and forming another epitaxy layer thereon to form a buried layer This is already known, for example, from Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-55757.
- the publication discloses a process of forming a CMOS circuit in an epitaxial wafer as an example.
- an impurity-added region that is long in the depth direction (hereinafter, referred to as a “vertical-added region” or “ (Referred to as “directional impurity doped region”).
- a vertical-added region for isolating and isolating an element from another region (in the above-mentioned publication, the element isolation regions 3 and 4 in FIG. 1 of the publication) or a buried formation in a pen nih
- the impurity doped region (the drain region 6, 6a in FIG. 1 of the publication in the above-mentioned publication) forming the conductive path to the high-concentration impurity diffusion layer corresponds to the “vertical addition region”.
- the epitaxy layer is formed as a single, relatively thick layer, direct ion implantation may make it difficult to form a vertical doped region through the epitaxy layer.
- an ion-implanted layer is formed in advance on the substrate surface, another ion-implanted layer is formed on the layer surface after the growth of the epitaxial layer, and the impurity-added regions based on both ion implantations are mutually separated by a diffusion heat treatment.
- a method of connecting and integrating by spreading is adopted.
- the diffusion distance in the vertical direction is too long, a large diffusion region in the horizontal direction is required, and there is a disadvantage that inconvenience arises in reducing the size of elements.
- the growth process of a relatively thin epitaxy layer is performed a plurality of times in place of a single relatively thick epitaxy layer, and a required portion is formed for each formation process of each epitaxy layer.
- a technique has been disclosed in which an impurity is added to the substrate, and a diffusion heat treatment is performed so that the doped portion overlaps from the final epitaxial layer to a required depth. It states that the ion diffusion layer is formed for each relatively thin and epitaxial layer, so that the vertical diffusion distance can be shortened, and as a result, the lateral diffusion can be suppressed and the heat treatment time can be shortened.
- an oxide film formed on the epitaxial layer is used as a mask in order to selectively implant impurity ions into a specific region of the epitaxial layer (hereinafter, referred to as a mask).
- a mask a specific region of the epitaxial layer
- Oxide film for ion implantation mask Since the oxide film for the ion implantation mask is formed by thermally oxidizing the surface of the epitaxy layer, if an ion implantation layer is formed on each of the plurality of epitaxy layers, it is oxidized by the number of epitaxy layers. Heat history for film formation is added (first heat history).
- crystal recovery heat treatment heat treatment for recovering the crystal damage after ion implantation
- the heat history accompanying the heat treatment is also ion-implanted (The second heat history).
- ion implantation is performed by directly implanting ions into the pattern openings formed by etching away the oxide film for the ion implantation mask. (Which is performed in an active atmosphere), the surface of the ion-implanted region tends to be rough. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
- a process of forming a thin oxide film for preventing surface roughness on the surface of the epitaxial layer exposed by etching is usually performed prior to the ion implantation process (so-called “ Oxidation treatment before injection ”).
- the formation of this oxide film is also performed by thermal oxidation of the epitaxial layer, so that the additional thermal history is added by the number of times of ion implantation (third thermal history).
- the thermal history accompanying the vapor-phase growth is reduced. It is added to the number of epitaxy layers (fourth thermal history).
- the shape is formed between the layers of the epitaxial layer 103.
- the formed ion-implanted layer 101 is non-uniform with a large spread as it is located on the lower layer side, and is diffused in the vertical direction to have a structure already connected to some extent (particularly, Lower ion implantation layer).
- the vertical addition region 105 obtained by the subsequent diffusion heat treatment can only be obtained with a nonuniform size that becomes thicker toward the lower side.
- ion implantation layers having different conductivity types for example, n-type and p-type
- a cycle of formation of an ion implantation mask oxide film, pre-implantation oxidation treatment, and crystal recovery heat treatment is required. Need to be repeated for each ion-implanted layer pattern of each conductivity type, the above problem becomes more serious.
- steps or recesses are three-dimensionally formed as marks (so-called alignment marks) for pattern alignment.
- Such a three-dimensional mark (hereinafter referred to as a “three-dimensional mark”) is re-formed each time one epitaxial layer is formed.
- the backside oxide film made of silicon dioxide must be formed by CVD or the like to prevent auto-doping from the backside of the substrate on the substrate used to manufacture silicon epitaxial wafers. There are many.
- the formation and removal of the oxide film for the ion implantation mask with respect to the epitaxial layer are repeated many times. Generally, the oxide film is removed by immersing the substrate in an etchant such as hydrofluoric acid to chemically dissolve the oxide film. However, if the wafer is immersed in the etching solution as it is, the originally required backside oxide film will also be removed, so the resist for protecting this from the etching solution will be removed. A film is formed on the back oxide film.
- the resist film Since the resist film does not withstand the heat treatment temperature when forming the ion implantation mask oxide film, it is removed immediately after the completion of the wet etching, and the resist film is formed again each time the ion implantation mask oxide film is removed. There must be.
- Photolithography for pattern formation on oxide film is required.
- Photolithography involves as many as three steps: photolithographic exposure, development, and wet etching.
- the device is doped to an unexposed region, and the desired device performance may not be obtained near the interface of the epitaxial layer.
- phosphorus in particular an element has Chasse auto-doping, attention t
- a p-type ion implanted layer is formed by implanting boron (B).
- a thin oxide film is also formed on the surface of the previously formed phosphorus implantation layer.
- the main component of the oxide film is silicon dioxide.
- phosphorus has a large segregation coefficient with respect to silicon dioxide, phosphorus is unevenly distributed on the main surface side of the oxide film in the phosphorus injection layer. After removing the oxide film in this state, the epitaxial layer is Due to the effect of phosphorus unevenly distributed on the main surface, lateral auto-doping from the phosphorus injection layer becomes extremely severe.
- a first object of the present invention is to provide an extremely efficient epitaxy wafer having a plurality of epitaxy layers laminated via a buried layer, and furthermore, a lateral diffusion of an ion implantation layer to be formed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a silicon epitaxy with a small amount of silicon, and a silicon epitaxy which can be manufactured by the method.
- the second problem is that, when manufacturing an epitaxy wafer by repeating ion injection and formation of an epitaxy layer, it is possible to reduce the number of times of forming a three-dimensional mark for performing pattern alignment, and consequently the manufacturing process.
- the ion implantation layer is formed by vapor-growing a second epitaxy layer on top of the ion implantation layer by ion implantation of an impurity element into the first epitaxy layer, thereby forming the first epitaxy layer.
- the ion implantation is performed on the first epitaxial layer on which the ion implantation mask is formed. Ion implantation step of performing
- a vapor phase growth step of vapor phase growing the second epitaxial layer is provided.
- a photoresist film is used instead of an oxide film as a mask for ion implantation, that is, the photoresist is not actively formed on the first epitaxial layer to be ion-implanted.
- an ion implantation mask made of a film is formed directly on the first epitaxial layer.
- a native oxide film formed on the surface of the epitaxial layer near room temperature is acceptable.
- heat treatment for recovering crystallinity after ion implantation and activating carriers is performed in a hydrogen atmosphere.
- Forming an ion implantation mask composed of a photoresist film directly on the first epitaxial layer means not only forming an ion implantation mask oxide film but also performing no pre-implantation oxidation treatment.
- heat treatment for recovering crystallinity and activating the carrier after ion implantation involves the active formation of an oxide film on the surface of the ion implantation layer. It is performed in a state where it is not formed.
- the oxide film is not used as the ion implantation mask, of the three thermal histories that are inevitable in the conventional method, the first thermal history related to the formation of the oxide film for the ion implantation mask and the oxidation treatment before implantation Can be avoided. As a result, the lateral diffusion of the buried layer and, consequently, the impurity-added region formed based on the buried layer can be suppressed very effectively.
- pre-oxidation cleaning and oxide film etching steps can be omitted. Also, the formation of a resist film for protecting the backside oxide film can be omitted or reduced in number.
- an epitaxial wafer having a buried layer in particular, an epitaxial wafer having a plurality of stacked epitaxial layers and ion-implanted layers can be dramatically simplified.
- the above-mentioned manufacturing method of the present invention can be applied to the case where different ion-implanted layer patterns of the conductive type are formed on the same epitaxial layer, including the following steps:
- a second ion implantation mask for ion-implanting a second impurity different from the first impurity, Forming a second mask directly on the surface of the first epitaxial layer with a photoresist film;
- a second impurity is ion-implanted into the first epitaxial layer on which the second ion implantation mask is formed, thereby forming a second ion-implanted layer at a position corresponding to the second region.
- a hydrogen heat treatment step performed prior to vapor-phase growth of the second epitaxy layer on the first epitaxy layer having the first and second ion implantation layers formed on the surface ;
- the second epitaxy layer is vapor-phase grown to form the first ion implantation layer and the second ion implantation layer into the first buried layer and the second buried layer, respectively. Phase growth process.
- the oxide film formation ⁇ photo
- the process cycle of resist coating, pattern exposure, development, etching (pattern formation), photo resist removal, ion implantation, and oxide film removal must be repeated twice.
- the heat treatment is repeated twice with the formation of the oxide film, and the diffusion of the implanted impurities increases accordingly (particularly, the ion implantation layer of the type previously formed).
- etching for pattern formation or oxide film removal is performed twice each, which is convenient four times, photo resist coating (reverse coating) for protecting the back oxide film is also performed four times correspondingly. There must be.
- the thermal history accompanying the oxide film formation is not added, and, of course, the etching for removing the pattern formation or the oxide film and the backside coating are not required at all.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention as described below, it becomes possible to apply the manufacturing method of the epitaxial layer A 8 in which a plurality of epi layers and buried layers are laminated.
- the processing cycle from the mask formation step to the vapor phase growth step through the ion implantation step and the hydrogen heat treatment step is performed by using the formed second epitaxy layer as the new first epitaxial layer.
- a plurality of epitaxy layers are formed by laminating a buried layer between the layers.
- the thermal history applied to each epitaxial layer is limited to crystallinity recovery and activation heat treatment performed in a hydrogen atmosphere after ion implantation and heating during vapor phase growth.
- the thermal history when forming a subsequent epitaxy layer or buried layer is less likely to accumulate in the lower buried layer.
- the spread of the buried layer due to thermal diffusion can be reduced between the lower layer and the upper layer, and the problem that the buried layer located on the lower layer side spreads in the lateral direction and becomes uneven is effectively suppressed. be able to.
- the vertical addition region when forming the above-described vertical addition region, it is effective to form a plurality of buried layers into which the same impurity is ion-implanted so that all of the buried layers are separated from one another in the stacking direction of the silicon epitaxial layer. It is.
- the plurality of buried layers can be diffused and integrated in the stacking direction of the epitaxial layers (hereinafter, also referred to as the vertical direction) to form the above-described vertical addition region. .
- the epitaxial wafer of the present invention obtained by the above method is a silicon epitaxial wafer for manufacturing an element having a structure in which a plurality of impurity-added regions are interconnected in the direction of laminating the epitaxial layer.
- the spread of the buried layers arranged in the vertical direction is suppressed, so that all the buried layers are not connected in the vertical arrangement direction and are separated from each other.
- a structure that maintains the state is realized.
- the lateral expansion of the buried layer is appropriately suppressed, and the vertical addition region obtained by diffusing and integrating these buried layers by the diffusion heat treatment is obtained.
- a uniform difference is obtained between the lower layer and the upper layer with a small difference in lateral spread (or dimension). As a result, it is extremely effective in reducing the size of a semiconductor element formed using such a vertical addition region.
- the ion implantation layer is formed by ion-implanting an impurity element into the first epitaxy layer, and the second epitaxy layer is vapor-phase grown and stacked on the ion implantation layer to form the first epitaxy layer.
- a method of manufacturing a silicon epitaxy wafer in which a plurality of epitaxy layers in which a buried layer is formed is repeated by embedding a layer between the layer and the second epitaxy layer to form a buried layer,
- the mask pattern is transferred to the first epitaxy layer while using the three-dimensional positioning mark to perform positioning, and an ion implantation mask for forming an ion implantation layer is formed.
- a transfer three-dimensional mark is formed on the surface of the second epitaxy layer in a manner to raise the shape of the positioning mark.
- the transfer solid mark is used as a positioning solid mark for forming the next ion injection layer.
- the three-dimensional mark for positioning of the first epitaxal layer which is the lower layer
- the three-dimensional mark is transferred when the second epitaxy layer, which is the upper layer, is formed, and is used as a positioning three-dimensional mark for the second epitaxy layer.
- a new three-dimensional mark is not formed every time an epitaxial layer is formed, so that the number of times of forming three-dimensional marks can be greatly reduced, which is efficient.
- the transfer source positioning three-dimensional mark which is not derived from the positioning three-dimensional mark of the lower epitaxy layer and is a transfer source for forming the three-dimensional mark to be transferred to the subsequent layer is formed on the embedded layer.
- a method is possible in which only some of the formed epitaxial layers, including the lowermost layer, are formed. In other words, since the transfer source positioning solid mark is not formed on the epitaxy layer other than some layers including the lowermost layer, the number of times the solid mark is formed can be greatly reduced, which is efficient.
- the transfer source positioning three-dimensional mark can be formed by a wet etching method or a dry etching method such as ion etching.
- the structure of the silicon epitaxial wafer obtained by the above method is as follows from the viewpoint of the formation layer of the three-dimensional mark for determining the transfer origin. That is, in a silicon epitaxy wafer in which a plurality of epitaxy layers on which a buried layer is formed are formed, a positioning three-dimensional mark formed of a concave portion or a step, which is derived from the positioning three-dimensional mark of the lower epitaxy layer. Without transferring, and transferring to the subsequent layer The transfer source positioning solid mark, which is the transfer source for forming the solid mark, is the lowermost layer of the epitaxy layer with the embedded layer formed. Only some of them are formed.
- the configuration of the silicon epitaxy wafer is as follows. That is, in a silicon epitaxy wafer in which an epitaxial layer having a buried layer formed thereon is formed by lamination, a positioning three-dimensional mark composed of a concave portion or a step is formed in the uppermost epitaxy layer. Less than the number of layers of the epitaxial layer Re, the same number is formed.
- the mask for ion implantation as a photoresist film instead of an oxide film, there is no need to repeat the formation and etching removal of the oxide film, and the shape of the positioning three-dimensional mark formed on the epitaxial layer is eliminated. Almost does not collapse. This makes it possible to use the lower three-dimensional positioning mark transferred when a new epitaxy layer is laminated on the upper side as a positioning three-dimensional mark for the upper epitaxy layer.
- the process of etching the oxide film is not substantially included in the pattern formation of the ion-implanted layer, and there is no room for wet etching here. Therefore, if the transfer source positioning three-dimensional mark is formed by dry etching such as ion etching, the wet etching process including the formation of the positioning three-dimensional mark can be eliminated, and for example, the backside oxidation can be performed. There is no need to perform a resist film forming step for film protection at all. In addition, since no acidic etching waste liquid is generated, the waste liquid treatment cost can be reduced.
- the crystal plane is expressed as (hk 1) using the Miller index and the crystal axis is expressed as [hkl]. In general, a negative sign indicating a negative exponent is attached above the exponent.
- the external shape of the transferred three-dimensional mark may be deformed due to a vapor growth mechanism.
- the degree of such deformation of the transfer stereo mark increases as the thickness of the second epitaxy layer to be formed or the number of transfers (ie, the number of stacked epitaxy layers) increases. If the deformation of the transferred three-dimensional mark becomes large, the accuracy of mask alignment performed for forming the ion-implanted layer may be reduced.
- the positioning three-dimensional mark when forming an epitaxial layer on a silicon single crystal substrate having a (100) plane orientation, the positioning three-dimensional mark must be in the [0 1 1] direction or the [0-1-1] direction. It has been found that it is better to form it so that it has a straight line part that is oriented within 45 ° to the direction. If the transfer source three-dimensional mark includes a straight line portion that satisfies the above conditions, deformation is unlikely to occur when the second three-dimensional layer is vapor-phase grown to form a three-dimensional transfer mark. This is taken over as a clear straight line.
- the obtained epitaxial wafer is formed by forming an epitaxy layer on a silicon single crystal substrate having a plane orientation (100), and forming an epitaxy layer on the topmost layer from a recess or a step.
- a three-dimensional mark for positioning is formed, and the three-dimensional mark for positioning has a straight line part oriented within 45 ° with respect to the [011] direction or the [0-1-1] direction. It will be.
- the positioning three-dimensional mark so as to include such a straight portion, deformation of the transferred three-dimensional mark is less likely to occur, and the number of times of forming the transfer source positioning three-dimensional mark can be reduced. There is an advantage that it can be manufactured efficiently.
- a heat treatment step of performing a heat treatment at a temperature of not less than 95 ° C. and less than 110 ° C. under normal pressure After the heat treatment step, a sealing growth step of introducing a source gas under a reduced pressure atmosphere to vapor-grow the sealing epitaxial layer,
- a main growth step of vapor-phase growing a second epitaxy layer on the sealing epitaxy layer is.
- the silicon source gas for example hydrogen in diluted dichlorosilane (S i H 2 C 1 2 ) or trichlorosilane (S i HC 1 3) or silicon tetrachloride (S i C 1 4).
- heat treatment is performed at a normal pressure at a temperature of not less than 950 ° C. and less than 110 ° C., and subsequently, under a reduced pressure atmosphere.
- a silicon source gas is introduced to vapor-grow an auto-doping sealing epitaxy layer, and then a second epitaxy layer is fully grown on the sealing epitaxy layer. This makes it possible to extremely effectively suppress lateral autodoping of phosphorus.
- the auto-doping phenomenon was thought to increase as the heat treatment temperature increased.
- the present inventors investigated the autodoping phenomenon of phosphorus under normal pressure at a heat treatment temperature in the range of 850 ° C to 120 ° C, and found that it was not less than 950 ° C and less than 1100 ° C. On the contrary, it was found that in the temperature range, the amount of photodop was reduced, and was minimized near 180 ° C.
- phosphorus is diffused outward from the epitaxy layer to the gas phase by a certain size, while phosphorus is diffused from the gas phase to the epitaxy. It is believed that the amount taken back into the layer is reduced. Therefore, by adopting a temperature range of 950 ° C. or more and less than 110 ° C. as a heat treatment condition under normal pressure, outward diffusion of phosphorus is promoted, while the amount taken in the crystal again is As it is suppressed, the phosphorus injection layer The phosphorus concentration in the surface layer decreases, and an advantageous state for preventing autodoping of phosphorus is formed.
- the auto-doping of phosphorus generated when the surface of the phosphorus injection layer is sealed is also reduced. It can be suppressed effectively. As a result, lateral autodoping of phosphorus is significantly suppressed in the entire process. Even if the heat treatment atmosphere is reduced in pressure or the ambient temperature is adopted, if the temperature is out of the temperature range of 950 ° C or more and less than 110 ° C, the effect of preventing the lateral autodoping of phosphorus can be sufficiently improved. It cannot be achieved.
- the effect of preventing the lateral auto-doping of phosphorus cannot be sufficiently achieved.
- the reason for using dichlorosilane, trichlorosilane, or silicon tetrachloride as the silicon source gas for the sealing epitaxial layer is that, because the film growth rate is high, the outward diffusion of phosphorus is most likely to occur. During the growth of the layer, the growth time can be reduced, and it is more advantageous in preventing lateral autodoping, and the handling is easier.
- the lowest value of the net carrier concentration at the interface of the epitaxial layer was determined as BH, Assuming that the average net carrier concentration in the region where the carrier concentration is stable in the axial layer is AH, (AH-BH) / AH is 0.5 or less.
- (AH-BH) ZAH ZAH to 0.5 or less at the position adjacent to the phosphorus injection layer, the distribution of the net carrier concentration in the lateral direction becomes more uniform near the interface of the epitaxy layer, and as a result, stable and good A device exhibiting characteristics can be obtained.
- the net carrier concentration is the difference between the majority carrier concentration and the minority carrier concentration, and is obtained, for example, by converting the spreading resistance value into the carrier concentration.
- This relates to the manufacture of an epitaxial wafer in which a boron buried layer and a phosphorus buried layer are simultaneously formed on the same substrate, and boron is ion-implanted in a first region on the surface of the first epitaxial layer. Implanting to form a boron implanted layer at a position corresponding to the first region,
- the first ion implantation layer and the second ion implantation layer are first buried by vapor-phase growing a second epitaxy layer on the first epitaxial layer on which the boron implantation layer and the phosphorus implantation layer are formed.
- c characterized in that it comprises a vapor-phase growth step that forms the layer and the second buried layer - in the preparation of general silicon E Pita press roux er c, and Sakiritsu one injection before the oxidation step to ion implantation mask formed Therefore, an oxide film forming process for an ion implantation mask for forming an oxide film is often interposed.
- the oxide film is mainly formed of silicon dioxide.
- the oxide film and the oxide film are formed.
- Phosphorus concentrates at the boundary of the layer, i.e., the surface layer of the phosphorus injection layer, and is likely to cause lateral quat doping of phosphorus during the subsequent vapor phase growth of the second epitaxial layer formed on the first epitaxial layer. There is a problem.
- the pre-implantation oxidation step is always performed prior to the phosphorus injection step, so that phosphorus is concentrated on the surface layer of the phosphorus injection layer before the growth of the second epitaxial layer. And the lateral auto-doping of phosphorus is effectively suppressed.
- a phosphorus injection layer is first formed on the same epitaxial layer, and then a boron injection layer is formed
- the phosphorus formed first is formed.
- An oxide film is also formed on the surface of the injection layer. Therefore, if the phosphorus implantation step is performed after the boron implantation step, the pre-implantation oxidation for the boron implantation does not precede the phosphorus implantation, which is effective in avoiding the lateral auto-doping of phosphorus.
- performing the pre-implantation oxidation step prior to the boron implantation step is effective for preventing surface roughness of the epitaxial layer, which is likely to occur during boron implantation.
- a heat treatment to recover crystal damage generated during the ion implantation.
- a heat treatment is not performed independently after the phosphorus implantation step.
- the crystal damage may be caused by a thermal history applied during the vapor phase growth of the second epitaxial layer, or a diffusion heat treatment performed after the formation of the second epitaxial layer (for example, for forming the above-described vertical addition region). Can also recover it can.
- the elements to be ion-implanted are boron and phosphorus. It is characterized in that the ratio of the dose of boron to that implanted into the same epitaxial layer is inversely proportional to the ratio of the area of the boron and phosphorus implantation pattern.
- the area of the phosphorus implantation pattern is preferably 3 to 10 times the area of the boron implantation pattern.
- the dose of phosphorus is preferably 1 Z 3 to 1/10 of the dose of boron.
- a silicon epitaxial wafer for manufacturing an element having a structure in which a plurality of impurity-added regions are connected to each other in the direction in which the epitaxial layers are stacked In a silicon epitaxial wafer having a structure in which a plurality of epitaxy layers in which the same conductivity type ion implantation layers are buried in the same inclination region are stacked, the ion-implanted element is boron. It is possible to manufacture phosphorus, wherein the ratio of the dose of boron and phosphorus implanted in the same epitaxial layer is inversely proportional to the ratio of the area of the pattern of boron and phosphorus implanted.
- the autodoping amounts of phosphorus and boron can be made equal, the two cancel each other out, so that the lateral autodoping from the ion implantation layer can be effectively suppressed. There Then, the autodoping amounts of phosphorus and boron are investigated in advance, and the area and the dose of the implantation pattern are determined so that the autodoping amounts from both become the same.
- the area of the implantation pattern is formed to be 3 to 10 times that of boron for phosphorus having a large auto-doping, and Dose of boron to 1 to 3 to 110. Then, the autodoping amount of phosphorus can be reduced while keeping the total amount of phosphorus implantation constant, so that a uniform additive impurity concentration distribution can be obtained near the interface of the epitaxy layer.
- the obtained silicon epitaxial wafer is a silicon epitaxial wafer for manufacturing an element having a structure in which a plurality of impurity-added regions are connected to each other in the stacking direction of the epitaxial layer,
- the ion implantation layer located on the lower layer side has a higher implantation impurity concentration. It is characterized by being formed so that it becomes.
- the gist of this embodiment is to form a structure in which a plurality of epitaxy layers in which an ion implantation layer of the same conductivity type is buried in the same region for the purpose of forming a vertical addition region, etc.
- the point is that the injection layer is formed such that the lower the layer is, the higher the impurity concentration becomes.
- the lower ion implanted layer is the upper epitaxy Heat treatment is repeated due to the formation of a layer, an ion-implanted layer, or an oxide film, so that the spread due to thermal diffusion increases and the impurity concentration decreases. Therefore, Fig. 28 (a)
- the layer located below the stacked epitaxial layers 103a to 103c in other words, the epitaxial layer formed earlier has a higher implanted impurity concentration.
- the difference in impurity concentration between the plurality of buried layers 250 ', 251', and 252 'arranged in the stacking direction of the epitaxial layers 103a to 103d is shown.
- the dose of implanted ions may be increased in the lower ion-implanted layer.
- the ion implantation layers 250 to 251 are formed such that the lower the layer, the smaller the pattern area.
- each layer when three buried layers are formed as described above, when the dose of ion implantation for forming each layer is Dl, D2, and D3,
- D 1: D 2: D 3 (S 2 / S 1) 2 XC 2: C 2: (S 2 / S 3) 2 XC 2 and that force each buried layer 2 50 to set the dose to be This is effective in reducing the difference in the concentration of the implanted impurity between ', 25 1' and 25 2 '.
- the relationship between the dose and the pattern area can be applied to the case where three buried layers are formed.
- the vertical addition region obtained by performing the diffusion heat treatment on the vertical addition region can obtain not only an impurity concentration but also a more uniform axial cross-sectional area, for example, using the vertical addition region. It is also possible to improve the integration density of elements.
- This aspect can be combined with any of the above-described first to sixth aspects, and can be carried out independently irrespective of the first to sixth aspects.
- This relates to a method of manufacturing a silicon epitaxy wafer having a structure in which a plurality of epitaxy layers are stacked with an ion injection layer of an impurity element interposed therebetween,
- a second vapor phase growth step of vapor-phase growing the second epitaxy layer After the first ion implantation step, a second vapor phase growth step of vapor-phase growing the second epitaxy layer;
- the second ion is implanted at a position corresponding to the second region.
- a second ion implantation step of forming an implantation layer By repeating these steps a plurality of times, the first ion implantation layers and the second ion implantation layers are formed in the same region.
- the f-th ion implantation layer and the second ion implantation layer are alternately formed between the respective layers of the plurality of epitaxial layers.
- Fig. 29 shows a specific example.
- each of the boron implanted layer 71 as the first ion implanted layer, the second implanted layer 72 as the second ion implanted layer, and the epitaxial layer 103 is formed.
- the layers are alternately formed between the layers.
- boron and phosphorus have a large difference in the behavior with respect to lateral auto-doping, and the growth conditions of the epitaxial layer, which minimize the effect, are also different from each other.
- the growth condition of the second epitaxial layer at the time of embedding the impurity is determined if one of the impurities is prioritized.
- a dilemma arises that is disadvantageous from the viewpoint of suppressing autodoping of the other impurity.
- the conditions for lateral autodoping suppression are still not optimized. Therefore, if the above-described method is employed, only one of the first ion-implanted layer and the second ion-implanted layer is formed in each epitaxial layer. Therefore, for each epitaxial layer, a corresponding impurity is formed.
- the growth condition that minimizes the lateral auto-doping of the semiconductor can be freely set independently of the other impurity. As a result, lateral autodoping of the buried layer of each impurity can be effectively suppressed.
- a plurality of vertical impurity-doped regions (here, a vertical boron-doped region 171 and a vertical phosphorus-doped region 172) are formed.
- a first impurity-added region 171 to which a first impurity is added and a second impurity-added region 172 to which a second impurity is added.
- the small-diameter portions 17 1 b and 17 2 b with the minimum axial cross-sectional area, and the large-diameter portions 17 with the maximum axial cross-sectional area 17 1 a and 17 2 a are formed in a non-uniform columnar shape alternately arranged.
- the first impurity-added region 17 1 and the second impurity-added region 17 2 are formed by the small-diameter portions 17 1 b and 17 2 b and the large-diameter portions 17 la and 17 2 a in the laminating direction.
- one large-diameter portion 17 1a is formed in a positional relationship corresponding to 17 2a and the other small-diameter portion 17 2b or 17 1b respectively. You. As a result, the distance between the axes of the first impurity-added region 17 1 and the second impurity-added region 17 2 can be reduced. For example, an element formed using these impurity-added regions 17 1 and 17 2 Can be improved. In this case, as shown in FIG.
- the first and second impurity-added regions 171, 172 formed adjacent to each other have a large diameter portion 171a, 1 7 2a must be formed in a positional relationship where they partially overlap with each other, in other words, By making the bulging portion of the large-diameter portion of the region into the constriction of the small-diameter portion of the other addition region, the first impurity-added region 17 1 and the second impurity-added region 17 2 Can be further reduced, and the above effect can be further enhanced.
- the first ion-implanted layer 71 and the second ion-implanted layer 72 are formed by adjoining each other with the epitaxy layer 103 interposed therebetween in the stacking direction of the epitaxy layer 103. It is formed in a positional relationship where a partial overlap occurs when viewed.
- FIG. 30 (a) when the first / T-on implantation layer 71 and the second ion implantation layer 72 are formed adjacently in the same epitaxial layer, the ion implantation layers 71, 7 Assuming that the outside dimension of A is A, the first ion implantation layer 71 and the second ion implantation layer 72 are formed alternately, as shown in FIG.
- the outer dimension B when produced can be reduced by about 6% from A, for example.
- This relates to a method of manufacturing an epitaxy wafer corresponding to a combination of the first embodiment and the third embodiment (however, the raw material gas of the epitaxy layer is not limited to trichlorosilane, and the impurities are not limited to phosphorus). Things,
- First impurities are ion-implanted into the first epitaxial layer on which the first ion implantation mask is formed, thereby forming a first ion-implanted layer at a position corresponding to the first region.
- a second ion implantation mask for ion-implanting a second impurity different from the first impurity into a second region different from the first region on the surface of the first epitaxy layer is provided. Forming a second mask directly on the surface of the first epitaxial layer by using a photoresist film;
- a hydrogen heat treatment step performed in a temperature range of 95 ° C. or more and less than 110 ° C. under normal pressure
- a sealing growth step in which a sealing epitaxy layer is vapor-phase grown under a reduced pressure atmosphere.
- a plurality of epitaxy layers are stacked and formed such that an ion implantation layer is sandwiched between the layers as a buried layer.
- the hydrogen heat treatment step of the first embodiment which is performed after the end of the second ion implantation step, is performed in a temperature range of 950 ° C. to 110 ° C. under normal pressure. This is the point that also serves as the heat treatment step of the third embodiment.
- the sealing epitaxial layer is vapor-phase-grown under a reduced pressure atmosphere, so that in addition to the various effects of the first aspect, in addition to the effects of impurities such as phosphorus, Therefore, the effect of the third aspect, which is capable of effectively suppressing the noise, is also achieved at the same time.
- FIG. 1 is a process explanatory view showing one embodiment of the manufacturing method of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a process explanatory view following FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a process flow chart in a case where six buried layers are formed by the process of the above embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a step of continuously performing a hydrogen heat treatment step and a vapor phase growth step in the vapor phase reactor together with a cross-sectional structure of the vapor phase reactor.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing characteristics of a buried layer formed by the manufacturing method of the first embodiment and a vertical addition region formed based on the buried layer.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the characteristics of a buried layer formed by the manufacturing method of the reference technology and a vertical addition region formed based on the buried layer.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing a cross-sectional structure of an epitaxy wafer of the present invention in which a buried layer is formed in multiple layers.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a vertical addition region obtained by heat-treating the epitaxial wafer of FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a process explanatory view showing the features of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing an example of a cross-sectional structure of an epitaxy AA 8 manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing another example.
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which surface roughness occurs in the ion-implanted layer when the crystal recovery heat treatment is performed, and a state in which this is prevented by the pre-implantation oxidation treatment.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the effect of the hydrogen heat treatment.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory process diagram showing a method of manufacturing an epitaxy wafer according to the reference technology (an example of the fourth embodiment).
- FIG. 15 is a process explanatory view following FIG. 14.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory view of the process following FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a process flow chart in the case of forming six buried layers by the process of the above-mentioned reference technology.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram schematically showing one preferred embodiment of the positioning three-dimensional mark.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing a modified example of the position of the positioning solid mark of FIG.
- FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing a preferable angle range of a straight line portion included in the positioning three-dimensional mark.
- FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing experimental results supporting the angle range of FIG.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram for explaining how a conventional positioning solid mark is deformed by the growth of an epitaxy layer.
- FIG. 23 is a view for explaining a problem of a conventional method of manufacturing a silicon epitaxial wafer using a positioning solid mark.
- FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram of the effect of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 25 is a view for explaining the gist of the steps of the manufacturing method according to the modified example of the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 26 is a view for explaining a setting mode of a measurement line of a carrier concentration profile in the effect confirmation experiment of the third mode.
- FIG. 27 shows a measurement example of the carrier concentration profile.
- FIG. 28 is a process explanatory view of the manufacturing method according to the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 29 is an explanatory view showing the steps of the manufacturing method according to the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating an example of the effect. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- an n-type (low-concentration doped n-type) silicon epitaxial layer and two types of different conductivity types are placed on a silicon single crystal substrate doped with impurities to have a predetermined conductivity type.
- Example of the production of an epitaxy A8 with alternate ion implantation layers Take on The order of the description is as follows.
- a reference technology example 1 using a oxide film as a mask for ion implantation is referred to as a reference method.
- the embodiment of the first embodiment will be described in comparison with the reference technology.
- aspects other than the first aspect will be basically described collectively after the description of the first aspect is completed.
- the reference technology here means a comparison technology for clarifying the features and advantages of the embodiment of the first aspect, and does not naturally mean a known technology.
- FIG. 17 is a process flow chart when six buried layers are formed.
- a silicon single crystal substrate 1 having a back surface oxide film 2 formed on the back surface by a CVD method or the like is prepared.
- the silicon single crystal substrate 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as substrate 1) has a resistivity of 0.010 ⁇ ⁇ cn! ⁇ 0.015 ⁇ ⁇ cm Force using n + type (highly doped n-type) with crystal axis orientation of 100> It is not limited to this.
- an n-type first silicon epitaxial layer 3 (hereinafter, also simply referred to as the epitaxial layer 3) is vapor-phase grown on the main surface of the silicon single crystal substrate 1,
- the silicon single crystal substrate 1 is placed in a vapor phase growth apparatus, and the silicon single crystal substrate 1 is heat-treated at a predetermined temperature (for example, 110 ° C., a hydrogen atmosphere) before the formation of the epitaxial layer 3.
- the epitaxial layer 3 for example, film thickness: 5 ⁇ to 10 ⁇ , resistivity: 10 ⁇ ⁇ cm to 50 Q′cm
- FIG. 17 Step 1
- FIG. 4 (b) is a side sectional view schematically showing one example of the vapor phase growth apparatus 122.
- This vapor phase growth apparatus 1 21 includes a flat box-shaped reaction vessel 1 22, and a raw material gas SG from a gas inlet 1 7 1 formed at one end thereof is supplied to a flow adjusting section 1 2 4. After that, it is supplied horizontally and in one direction to the internal space of the container body 123. And the container body 1 2 In 3, only one wafer W is disposed substantially horizontally on the susceptor 112 disposed in the susceptor receiving recess 110.
- the silicon single crystal substrate is processed, but in the following process, an additional epitaxial layer is formed on the silicon epitaxy wafer on which the epitaxy layer has already been formed on the main surface of the silicon single crystal substrate.
- the object to be processed is simply referred to as wafer A, since the processing will be described with reference to FIG.
- the reaction vessel 1 22 has a gas outlet 1 2 8 formed at the end opposite to the source gas inlet 1 7 1 through a bench lily-shaped throttle 1 2 9. ing.
- the source gas SG introduced from the gas inlet 171 passes through the surface of the wafer W, and is exhausted from the gas outlet 128.
- the raw material gas SG is, for example, trichlorosilane (SiCl : i ), and a dopant gas (here, phosphine (PH 3 ) is used because an n-type impurity is added), and H 2 is appropriately used as a carrier gas. It is blended.
- the wafer W is driven to rotate by the motor M together with the susceptor 112, and is heated by the infrared heating lamp 111 while being supplied with the raw material gas SG to form an epitaxy layer.
- the positioning solid mark 7 (hereinafter simply referred to as solid mark 7) shown in (f) on the epitaxial layer 3 formed on the main surface of the silicon single crystal substrate 1.
- a mark etching oxide film 4 is formed.
- the positioning three-dimensional mark 7 is used for pattern positioning of the ion-implanted layer, and the mark etching oxide film 4 is etched through the following photolithography process (this will be described later). The same applies to the step of forming the oxide film for the ion implantation mask.)
- the wafer on which the epitaxial layer 3 has been formed is washed (FIG.
- Step 2 the surface of the epitaxial layer is thermally oxidized in an oxidation furnace to a thickness of, for example, about 600 nm. Then, an oxide film 4 for mark etching is formed (FIG. 17: Step 3). Subsequently, a photoresist film 51 is formed thereon, and the pattern of the solid mark is transferred to the photoresist film 51 through exposure and development steps (FIG. 17: Steps 4 to 6). Next, the mark etching oxide film 4 is pattern-etched by wet etching through the photoresist film 51. Prior to this, the back oxide film 2 is formed on the back oxide film 2 in order to protect the back oxide film 2 from wet etching. Apply a photoresist film to the protective film 5 2
- FIG. 14 (c) A backside coating process is performed to form (FIG. 14 (c)) (FIG. 17: Step 7). Then, in this state, the pattern opening 4a of the three-dimensional mark is etched in the mark etching oxide film 4 by performing wet etching (FIG. 14 (c), FIG. 17: step 8). Fig. 14
- a predetermined thickness is applied to the surface of the epitaxial layer 3 exposed at the pattern opening 4a.
- a mark forming oxide film 6 having a thickness of, for example, 600 nm is formed (FIG. 17: Step 11).
- the back surface oxide film 2 is protected by performing a back surface coating process (FIG. 17: Step 12), and a wet etching for removing the oxide film (FIG. 17: Step 13) is performed.
- a concave three-dimensional mark 7 having a depth corresponding to the thickness of the epitaxial layer 3 oxidized at the time of forming is formed into a shape and position corresponding to the pattern opening 4a of (d). Then, the photo resist film on the back side is removed (FIG. 14 (f), FIG. 17: step 14).
- an oxide film 8 for an ion implantation mask for forming a boron implantation layer is formed on the epitaxial layer 3 by thermal oxidation.
- This step is basically the same as the step of forming the mark etching oxide film 4, i.e., wafer cleaning—thermal oxide film formation—photoresist film formation—pattern exposure—development—backside coating—wet etching (pattern opening etching) ) ⁇ Photoresist film removal ⁇ Washing ( Figure 17: Steps 15 to 23).
- FIG. 15 (a) shows the state after the wet etching has been completed
- FIG. 15 (b) shows the state after the photoresist film (FIG. 15 (a): 53, 54) has been removed.
- a boron implantation layer is formed on the oxide film 8 for the ion implantation mask. Pattern opening 11 is formed.
- an oxide film 12 (film thickness :, for example, 50 nm) for preventing surface roughness is formed on the epitaxial layer 3 exposed at the pattern opening 11.
- a pre-injection oxidation step is performed ( Figure 17: Step 24).
- boron (B) ion implantation implantation energy: for example, 50 keV to 70 keV, dose amount: 2 ⁇ 10 12 / cm 2 ), a boron injection layer 13 is formed at a position corresponding to the pattern opening 11 of the epitaxial layer 3.
- a crystallinity recovery and activation heat treatment for recovering the crystallinity of the damage caused in the boron implanted layer 13 by ion implantation and activating the carrier (example) For example, annealing at 950 ° C. for 30 minutes is performed in a nitrogen atmosphere with the oxide film 12 remaining (FIG. 17: Step 26).
- Fig. 12 (b) by performing the crystallinity recovery and activation heat treatment with the oxide film 12 remaining, the surface roughness of the boron implanted layer 13 (ion implanted layer) is reduced. Is prevented.
- the thermal diffusion due to this heat treatment affects the boron injection layer 13 by thermal diffusion. Causes a slight spread.
- the back surface is coated again and wet-etched (Fig. 17: Steps 27 and 28), and the main surface is used for ion implantation mask.
- the oxide film 8 and the oxide film 12 for preventing surface roughness are removed.
- the oxide film 8 is formed by oxidizing so as to crush the surface layer of the epitaxial layer 3 so that the width d of the three-dimensional mark 7 becomes oxidized as shown in FIG. 15 (i). It expands by an amount equivalent to the film formation allowance to d ', and the shape collapses.
- a phosphorus injection layer was formed on the epitaxial layer 3.
- An oxide film 15 for an ion implantation mask is formed in exactly the same manner as when the boron implanted layer is formed (FIG. 17: Steps 29 to 38).
- Reference numerals 55 and 56 denote photoresist films.
- a pattern opening 18 for forming a phosphorus implantation layer is formed in the oxide film 15 for the ion implantation mask.
- the heat treatment (corresponding to the first thermal history) when forming the oxide film 15 promotes the spread of the boron-implanted layer 13 already formed, as shown in FIG. 16 (b). You.
- the pre-implantation oxidation step shown in Fig. 16 (c) formation of oxide film 19 for preventing surface roughness, Fig. 17: step 39
- the thermal treatment corresponding to the third thermal history
- ion implantation of phosphorus (P) implantation energy: for example, 120 keV to 150 keV, dose amount: 2 ⁇ 10 12 / cm 2
- a phosphorus injection layer 20 is formed at a position corresponding to 8 (FIG. 17: step 40). Then, as shown in FIG.
- the crystallinity recovery and activation heat treatment is performed on the phosphorus implantation layer 20 with the oxide film 19 remaining (FIG. 17: Step 41).
- the heat treatment (second thermal history) at this time causes thermal diffusion of the boron implantation layer 13 and the phosphorus implantation layer 20 to proceed.
- the oxide film 15 is formed through backside coating and wet etching (FIG. 17: Steps 42, 43). Is removed. Then, as shown in FIG. 16 (h), the width d 'of the three-dimensional mark 7 further expands to d ", causing dimensional deformation. Then, the resist film 57 formed as the back coat is formed. After removing and washing (FIG. 17: Steps 44 and 45), a second silicon epitaxial layer 22 is vapor-phase grown on the epitaxial layer 3 (FIG. 17: Step 46).
- the boron implanted layer 13 and the phosphorus implanted layer 20 become the buried boron implanted layer 13 ′ and the buried phosphorus implanted layer 20 ′.
- Forming a structure in which phosphorous injection layers and epitaxy layers are alternately stacked In order to use the boron injection layer and the silicon injection layer formed last as buried layers, an additional step of forming an epitaxial layer is performed thereafter.
- the removal of the oxide film is further repeated for the three-dimensional mark 7 formed by the formation and removal of the oxide film, so that the epitaxy layer surface layer portion on which the three-dimensional mark 7 is formed is transferred to the oxide film. Is lost due to conversion and removal.
- the epitaxy layer 22 is grown on the solid mark 7 by vapor phase,
- the three-dimensional shape 7 ′ is slightly lifted up on the surface of the epitaxial layer 22, but it is almost the limit that can be used for accurate pattern alignment. Therefore, it is necessary to newly form a positioning three-dimensional mark at a position different from the three-dimensional shape 7 'on the surface of the epitaxial layer 22 every cycle.
- the entire steps 1 to 45 must be repeated, including formation of a three-dimensional mark (steps 3 to 14). With the structure, the total number of processes is as high as 271.
- the oxide film was formed six times (3, 11, 16, 24, 31, 39) as described above, and the backside coating was performed six times (7, 12, 20, 20, 2 7, 3 5, 4 2)
- Oxide film wet etching process (including removal process) 6 times (8, 13, 21, 28, 36, 43), oxide film formation and derivation The process alone occupies 18 of the 45 steps, and the 6 cycle covers 108 of the 27 steps. Even from this, it will be clear how many steps are required in the above-mentioned reference technology in relation to the formation of an oxide film and the removal of Z.
- the thermal oxide film formation step for pattern formation was performed four times (3, 11, 16, 17) and the pre-implantation oxidation step was performed twice (24, 3). 9)
- the lower buried layer 101 spreads more due to thermal diffusion, and the diffusion in the vertical and horizontal directions is uneven in the stacking direction. Will be. Then, as shown in FIG. 6 (d), the vertical addition region 105 obtained by connecting these buried layers 101 in the vertical direction by the diffusion heat treatment also becomes nonuniform, with the lower side becoming thicker. It is.
- FIG. 3 is a process flow chart when six buried layers are formed.
- a silicon single crystal substrate 1 having a back surface oxide film 2 formed on the back surface by a CVD method or the like is prepared.
- an n-type first epitaxial layer 3 is vapor-phase grown on the main surface of the silicon single crystal substrate 1 (FIG. 3: Step 1). The steps and conditions up to this point are exactly the same as in the above-mentioned reference technology.
- a photoresist film 60 (thickness: for example, about 1.) for forming a three-dimensional mark for positioning is formed.
- a pattern opening 61 is formed to be a mask for forming a three-dimensional mark (FIG. 3: Steps 2 to 4).
- the first positioning solid mark is positioned based on an orientation flat or a notch formed in advance on the silicon single crystal substrate.
- dry etching is performed on the substrate in this state, so that no.
- a concave solid mark 7 is formed at a position corresponding to the turn opening 61 (FIG.
- Step 5 depth for example, 200 ⁇ ! ⁇ 300 nm).
- the dry etching method for example, reactive ion etching (Reactive Ion Etching) can be adopted.
- the photoresist film 60 is removed (FIG. 3: Step 6).
- the formation of the positioning three-dimensional mark 7 required 13 steps of steps 2 to 14 in FIG. 17 in the above-described reference example 1, but in this embodiment, the steps in FIG. It has been reduced to only 5 steps, 2-6. This eliminates the need for the formation of the mark etching oxide film used in Reference Technical Example 1.Therefore, the cleaning step, the backside coating step, the oxide film etching step, and the formation of the mark formation oxide film Cleaning, backside coating, oxide film removal, etc.
- a photoresist film is directly applied without actively forming an oxide film on the exposed first epitaxial layer 3.
- Figure 3: Step 8 film thickness: 1.2 m, for example, positive type in the figure.
- a pattern opening for implanting boron (B) as a first impurity is formed by aligning the pattern with the photoresist film using the above-described three-dimensional mark 7 and further performing exposure and development.
- a portion 63 is formed to be a first ion implantation mask 62 (FIG. 3: Steps 9 and 10).
- FIG. 1 (e) when boron ion implantation is performed under the same conditions as in Reference Example 1 in a state where the first ion implantation mask 62 is formed, an epitaxial layer is formed.
- a region corresponding to the pattern opening 63 of FIG. 3 is defined as a first region, and a boron implantation layer 71 as a first ion implantation layer is formed here (FIG. 3: Step 11).
- the first ion implantation mask 62 is removed (FIG. 1 (g), FIG. 3: Step 12).
- the pattern opening 63 formed by exposure and development of the photoresist film has an inner surface formed by wet etching of an oxide film as shown in FIG. 1 (f) (FIG. 15).
- the formation of the boron-implanted layer 71 required the 12 steps of the steps 15 to 26 in FIG. 17 including the crystallinity recovery and activation heat treatment.
- the number of steps is reduced to six, steps 7 to 12 in FIG. This is Since no oxide film is used for the mask for on-implantation and pre-implantation oxidation is not performed, cleaning, backside coating, and oxide film etching are omitted in addition to both of these oxidation processes.
- the wafer is washed (FIG. 3: Step 13), and then the crystallinity recovery and activation heat treatment are not performed on the exposed first epitaxial layer 3.
- a photoresist film is applied directly without similarly forming an oxide film (FIG. 3: step 14).
- the pattern is aligned with the photoresist film by using the three-dimensional mark 7, and is further exposed and developed to form a pattern opening 65 for injecting phosphorus (P) as a second impurity.
- a second ion implantation mask 64 is formed at a position different from the pattern opening 63 for implanting boron (FIG. 1E) (FIG.
- Steps 15 and 16 Steps 15 and 16). Then, in a state where the second ion implantation mask 64 is formed, ion implantation of phosphorus as the second impurity is performed under the same conditions as in the reference technology, and the pattern opening of the first epitaxial layer 3 is formed.
- the region corresponding to 65 is used as a second region to form a phosphorus-implanted layer 72 as a second ion-implanted layer (FIG. 3: Step 17). Thereafter, the second ion implantation mask 64 is removed (FIG. 2 (b), FIG. 3: Step 18).
- the 15 steps of steps 27 to 41 in Fig. 17 were required, including the etching for removing the oxide film and the heat treatment for crystallinity recovery and activation.
- the steps related to the formation of the oxide film and the removal of Z are omitted, so that the steps are reduced to six steps 13 to 18 in FIG.
- FIG. 2 (d) After cleaning the wafer (FIG. 3: step 19), a heat treatment for crystal recovery and activation is performed as shown in FIG. 2 (d).
- this heat treatment as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the wafer W is placed in the vapor phase epitaxy apparatus 121, and the vapor phase of the second epitaxial layer 22 (FIG. 2 (f)) Immediately before the growth, hydrogen is introduced into the vapor phase growth apparatus 122 (FIG. 3: Step 20).
- This heat treatment in a hydrogen atmosphere is usually performed before vapor deposition.
- the heat treatment for removing the natural oxide film on the wafer surface is also effective, so that it is efficient.
- the oxide film is not actively formed before the ion implantation.
- the surface of the ion-implanted layer hardly roughened, but also the unevenness of the roughened surface is reduced.
- the most contributing factor in the process shortening effect of the present invention is that the removal of the oxide film formation Z is not required, but the omission of the oxide film formation process can be realized. It can be said that the fundamental factor lies in the achievement of the surface roughening prevention effect by the hydrogen heat treatment.
- the boron implantation layer 13 and the phosphorus implantation layer 20 were individually subjected to the crystallinity recovery and activation heat treatment.
- the crystallinity recovery and activation heat treatment for the boron implanted layer 71 and the phosphorus implanted layer 72 is collectively performed, and the process is further shortened.
- the treatment temperature of the heat treatment step in the hydrogen atmosphere is preferably adjusted to 700 ° C. or more. If the processing temperature is lower than 700 ° C., the recovery and the activation of the crystallinity of the ion-implanted layer are not sufficiently performed.
- the processing temperature is more preferably adjusted in the range of 850 ° C. to 110 ° C.
- the heat treatment temperature is lower than 850 ° C, the natural oxide film on the wafer surface is hardly etched by hydrogen.
- the heat treatment temperature exceeds 110 ° C., impurity diffusion of the ion-implanted layer cannot be ignored.
- the heat treatment step in a hydrogen atmosphere can be performed at normal pressure to achieve a sufficient surface roughness prevention effect.
- a reduced pressure hydrogen atmosphere (for example, 2 ⁇ m) is used as long as the surface roughness prevention effect is not impaired. 0 tor !: ⁇ about 760 torr).
- the gas by flowing as shown in FIG. 4 (b), subsequently in the gas phase growth apparatus 1 2 1, as a source gas SG trichlorosilane (S i HC 1 3)
- a source gas SG trichlorosilane S i HC 1 3
- the first and second ion-implanted layers the boron-implanted layer 71 and the phosphorus-implanted layer 72, are replaced with the first and second buried layers, the boron-embedded layer 7 1 ′ And a phosphorus buried layer 72 ′ (FIG. 3: step 20).
- the heat treatment step in the hydrogen atmosphere and the vapor phase growth step of forming the second epitaxy layer are performed as a series of steps (effectively, one step) in one vapor phase growth apparatus. Therefore, the overall process can be further shortened.
- a thin epitaxial layer for sealing is vapor-grown (so-called It is preferable to use a multi-step process in which the main growth of the second epitaxial layer 22 is performed after the cap devouring process.
- the cycle from the formation of the three-dimensional mark on the epitaxial layer to the formation of the boron buried layer 7 1 ′ and the phosphorus buried layer 7 2 ′ is completed, but as is clear from FIG.
- the number of steps in this one cycle is 19 steps, 2 to 20. It can be seen that the number of steps is reduced to less than half of the reference technology example 1 (45 steps) using an oxide film as a mask for ion implantation. .
- the process to which the heat history is added is included in the eighteenth process in Reference Technical Example 1, only one epitaxy growth process is performed in the first embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
- the thermal diffusion of the ion implanted layers (boron implanted layer 71 and phosphorus implanted layer 72) generated in one cycle of forming the buried layer corresponds to the reference technology. It is much smaller than.
- the buried layers arranged in the vertical direction have a small difference in the spread in the horizontal direction, and are uniform in the vertical direction.
- a vertical addition region also referred to as a “vertical impurity addition region” obtained by stacking a plurality of epitaxial layers and then connecting these buried layers in the vertical direction by diffusion heat treatment also has a cross-sectional area. Uniform ones can be realized depending on the lamination direction.
- FIG. 7 shows a silicon epitaxial layer obtained by the manufacturing method of the first embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of C typically. Between the layers of each epitaxial layer, a P-type boron buried layer as a first buried layer and an n-type phosphorus buried layer as a second buried layer are formed in the same region of each epitaxial layer. You. Further, each of the boron injection layer and the phosphorus injection layer connected in the stacking direction of the epitaxial layer is formed so that all of them are separated from each other in the stacking direction via an n-type epitaxy layer region.
- the boron buried layer and the phosphorus buried layer constituting the impurity-added region are connected in the vertical direction as shown in FIG.
- the cross-sectional area in the stacking direction of these vertical addition regions is much more uniform than in the reference technology shown in Fig. 4 (d).
- FIG. 10A shows an example in which the manufacturing method of the present invention is applied to the manufacture of an epitaxial wafer for a MOS FET device.
- a plurality of n-type epitaxial layers 25 3 a to 25 3 c are laminated on a p-type silicon single crystal substrate 25 1, and the substrate 25 1 and the lowermost epitaxial layer 25 3 a
- an n + type buried layer 252 is formed between the layers, and a ring-shaped boron implantation layer and a phosphorus implantation layer are separated from each other between the epitaxial layers 253a to 253c.
- a vertical row of boron implanted layers is formed outside the buried layer 252 so as to surround it.
- the vertical row of the phosphorus injection layer is formed at a position overlapping with the buried layer 252 in the projection onto the plane orthogonal to the stacking direction of the epitaxial layers 253a to 253c. . Fig. 10
- the boron-implanted layer becomes a cylindrical p + -type element isolation region 254 that is a vertical boron-added region, and the phosphorus-implanted layer becomes It becomes a cylindrical n + -type drain region 255 (conductive to the buried layer 255) as an addition region.
- FIG. 10 (b) shows a state in which a p-type well, an n-type source region, and a gate are formed inside the drain region 255, thereby forming an n-channel M ⁇ SFET device.
- FIG. 11A shows an example in which the manufacturing method of the present invention is applied to the manufacture of an epitaxial wafer for a bipolar element.
- n-one Multiple epitaxial layers 2 63 a to 2 63 c are laminated, and an n + type buried layer 26 2 is formed between the substrate 26 1 and the lowermost epitaxial layer 26 3 a.
- a ring-shaped boron injection layer and a flat-plate-shaped phosphorus injection layer are buried in a separable form between the layers of the epitaxial layers 2663a to 2663c. As shown in Fig.
- the boron implanted layer becomes a cylindrical p + -type element isolation region 264, which is a vertical boron-doped region, and the phosphorus implanted layer becomes A columnar n + -type collector region 265 which is a directional phosphorus-added region is obtained.
- FIG. 11B shows a state in which a p-type base and an n- type emitter region are formed inside the element isolation region 264 to form an npn-type bipolar element.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 illustrates the case of manufacturing a semiconductor element using a p-type silicon single crystal substrate.
- the manufacturing method and the silicon epitaxial wafer according to the present invention are not limited thereto, and the epitaxy wafer for a semiconductor element manufactured using a p + type silicon single crystal substrate and the same are described.
- the manufacturing method is also applicable.
- the present invention can be applied to an n-type silicon single crystal substrate.
- the shape of the three-dimensional mark 7 (transfer source positioning three-dimensional mark) on the first epitaxy layer 3 is not significantly deformed, and The original state is almost maintained even after the end of the one-cycle process of forming one layer (Fig. 2 (c)).
- FIG. 2 (f) when the second epitaxy layer 22 is stacked on the upper side, the lower three-dimensional mark 7 is transferred without being deformed so much. Therefore, the second epitaxy layer 22 is newly used as the first epitaxy layer, and the transferred mark is used as the positioning three-dimensional mark 7 ′ when the process cycle of ion implantation and vapor phase growth is repeated. This (Ie, used as a transferred 3D mark).
- the step of forming a three-dimensional mark (steps 2 to 7 in FIG. 3) can be omitted, and the number of steps can be further reduced. It becomes.
- the transfer that is not derived from the three-dimensional mark for positioning of the lower epitaxy layer and is the transfer source for forming the transfer solid mark on the subsequent layers The original positioning three-dimensional mark is formed only for a part of the epitaxial layer having the embedded layer, including the lowermost layer.
- the first cycle including the step of forming a three-dimensional mark is the 19th step of steps 2 to 20, whereas the second cycle without forming the three-dimensional mark is reduced by six steps. 1 to 3 3 steps.
- the first cycle may include only the first layer, and thereafter, the second cycle may be repeated.
- three-dimensional marks 7b (FIG. 9 (a)) and 7c ( The use of Fig. 9 (b)) may be discontinued at a fixed number of layers, and a new three-dimensional mark 7d may be formed at another position (Fig. 9 (c)).
- three-dimensional positioning marks are formed in a positional relationship that does not overlap with each other by a number smaller than the number of epitaxy layers.
- 7a formed on the lowermost epitaxial layer 3a and 7d formed on the second upper epitaxial layer 3c are transfer sources. Functions as a three-dimensional mark for positioning.
- the design is such that a three-dimensional mark is newly formed every other layer, and as a result, the first cycle and the second cycle are alternately repeated.
- the final number of steps required to form the six buried layers is 97, and the number of steps of the reference technology of FIG. Reduced to You can see that it is.
- the shape of the transfer source positioning three-dimensional mark is maintained. Can be said to be more advantageous.
- the oxide film formed by the pre-implantation oxidation process has a small thickness of about 50 nm.
- the second embodiment can be applied.
- the transferred solid mark can be used as it is as the solid mark for positioning the layer, and since no oxide film mask is used, a plurality of conductive ion-implanted layers can be patterned in the same epitaxal layer. Even in the case of forming, the three-dimensional mark used for the mask positioning of the conductive type ion implantation layer pattern can be used for the mask positioning of the next conductive type ion implantation layer pattern. Therefore, no matter how many patterns are formed on one epitaxial layer, at least one positioning solid mark for mask positioning is required. This is one of the major factors that can reduce the number of positioning stereo marks to be newly etched, and also has a new advantage that the number of masks can be significantly reduced. Further, there is an effect that the area occupied by the positioning three-dimensional mark on the main surface of the epitaxial wafer can be reduced.
- an ion implantation layer of a different conductivity type for example, a boron implantation layer 71 and a phosphorous implantation layer 71 are formed on the epitaxial layer 3.
- the shape of the positioning three-dimensional mark 7 is destroyed by one formation and peeling of the oxide film used as the ion implantation mask. Therefore, as the positioning solid mark 7, even on the same epitaxial layer 3, the positioning solid mark 7 h for pattern formation of the boron injection layer 71 and the pattern formation of the phosphorus injection layer 72. Are separately formed.
- a new positioning solid mark is formed on the epitaxial layer 22.
- the positioning three-dimensional mark 7 on the lower epitaxy layer 3 is slightly transferred to the upper epitaxy layer 22, the positioning three-dimensional mark is positioned using this.
- the upper layer is formed before the upper epitaxial layer 22 is formed.
- a new positioning three-dimensional mark 7 j used for forming the positioning three-dimensional mark is formed. As shown in FIG. 23 (b), a three-dimensional mark for positioning is newly formed using the transferred three-dimensional mark 7 based on the three-dimensional mark 7j. In any case, a plurality of, here three positioning solid marks are formed for one epitaxy layer.
- FIG. 23 (d) shows that the buried layers 71 ′, 72 ′ or the ion implanted layers 71, 72 are formed while the three epitaxial layers 103 a to 103 are formed.
- the force showing the example of forming 3c The topmost epitaxial layer 103c has the three-dimensional positioning mark 7 newly etched on the layer 103c, and has been etched two layers below. Based on the three-dimensional mark 7 for positioning, the transferred three-dimensional mark 300, which is double-transferred through the transfer mark 207 on the intermediate layer 103b, and the new etching on the intermediate layer 103b, A total of three sets of three-dimensional marks appear, including a transferred three-dimensional mark 207 based on the set positioning three-dimensional mark 7. In particular, when a plurality of three-dimensional positioning marks are formed for one layer as shown in FIGS. 23 (b) and (c), the number thereof is further increased. As a result, the top epitaxial layer of the resulting epitaxial There will be much more solid marks than the number of epitaxy layers, and there is a problem that a space for the solid marks to appear must be prepared.
- the mask pattern of the ion implantation layer may be exactly the same for each layer. Les , since the position of the positioning three-dimensional mark must be changed for each layer, there are a number of cases where only the pattern position of the positioning three-dimensional mark is changed despite the fact that the pattern of the ion implantation layer is the same. There is also the problem that a mask must be provided.
- FIG. 22 shows a silicon single crystal substrate having a plane orientation (100), in which a straight portion 40 7 a in the [0 1 1] direction and a straight portion 40 7 a in the [0 1-1] direction are used.
- the transferred three-dimensional mark 407 ′ transferred to the epitaxy layer formed on the three-dimensional mark 407 based on this is, for example, [ The width of the linear portion 40 7 a 'in the 0 1 1] direction is reduced, and the width of the linear portion 40 7 b' in the [0 1-1] direction, which is orthogonal to the width, is increased. .
- FIG. 18 shows a specific example of such a positioning three-dimensional mark 507, in which two line patterns 507a and 507b (for example, each having a width of about 4 m and a depth of about 0.2 ⁇ ) in a substantially orthogonal form, in this case formed into an L shape with one end shared by each other.
- the three-dimensional mark 5 17 has two line patterns 5 1 in a convex form in shallow recesses 5 17 c on the substrate surface.
- the crystal axis orientation was [100] (however, no off-angle) and the orientation flat plane was (0 1 1).
- a single-crystal substrate was prepared, and a three-dimensional mark 527 having a height of 130 nm and a width of 12 ⁇ m as shown in FIG. 21 and having a linear convex shape was formed.
- the Epitakisharu layer on the main surface of the solid mark 5 2 7 is formed, by using a trichlorosilane (S i HC l 3) 1
- the film was formed only at a thickness of 24 ⁇ m at 80 ° C. and 80 torr.
- a negative photoresist is applied to the substrate after the growth of the epitaxial layer.
- FIG. 21 shows a measurement profile of a pattern position signal for each value of ⁇ .
- the vapor phase growth step of the epitaxial layer includes the steps of first performing sealing for suppressing lateral auto-doping from the boron implantation layer and the phosphorus implantation layer. It is desirable to use a two-step process in which the thin epitaxy layer is vapor-phase grown (so-called cap deposition process) and then the main growth of the second epitaxy layer is performed. This is particularly important in terms of preventing lateral autodoping of phosphorus from the implanted layer.
- the second epitaxy layer was vapor-phase grown after the phosphorus injection step was completed.
- Figure (b) Prior to this, as shown in Figure (b), under normal pressure, 95 ° C to 110 ° C (preferably 106 ° C to 110 ° C) ), A heat treatment step of performing heat treatment in a hydrogen atmosphere is performed, and a part of the phosphorus in the implanted layer is diffused outward in the gas phase in advance to lower the temperature of the surface of the phosphorous implanted layer, and the heat treatment step is completed.
- a silicon source gas is supplied under a reduced pressure atmosphere to vapor-grow the sealing epitaxial layer 22a (sealing growth process), and as shown in FIG.
- the main growth in which the second epitaxy layer 22 is vapor-phase grown on the sealing epitaxy layer 22a can prevent lateral photodoping of phosphorus. It has been found that there is a Umate effect. If the embodiment of the first aspect described above is applied, the heat treatment in the hydrogen atmosphere shown in FIG. 2 (b) is performed for about 30 minutes, so that the crystallinity recovery and activation heat treatment can be performed at the same time. It will be. This corresponds to the embodiment of the seventh aspect.
- the thickness of the sealing epitaxial layer 22 a is greater than 1 ⁇ m, the net carrier concentration is reduced at the interface with the second epitaxial layer 22.
- the thickness is preferably 1 or less, because of the difference.
- the thickness is less than 0.2 zm, the sealing effect is insufficient, so that the thickness of the sealing epitaxial layer 22a is preferably 0.2 ⁇ m to 1 m or less.
- the sealing growth step is desirably performed at a pressure of 5 to 60 torr. If the pressure is less than 5 torr, the efficiency is poor because the vapor phase growth rate is low, and if the pressure exceeds 60 torr, the effect of suppressing the lateral autodoping of phosphorus becomes insufficient.
- the main growth process is performed in the same vapor-phase growth apparatus under conditions of high temperature and no or high pressure that are more efficient in production than the encapsulation growth process. be able to.
- the phosphorus implantation layer was formed by ion implantation. However, prior to the formation of the ion-implanted layer, pre-implantation oxidation treatment was performed so that an oxide film having a thickness of about 50 nm was formed, and the ion implantation was performed at an acceleration voltage of 120 keV to 150 keV and a dose. It was carried out in an amount 2 X 1 0 1 cm 2. After the implantation, heat treatment was performed at 950 ° C. for 30 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere to recover and activate the crystallinity.
- the plate was placed in a reaction vessel 122 of a vapor phase epitaxy apparatus 121 of the type shown in FIG. 4, and at normal pressure (900 ° C, 1080 ° C and 1190 ° C in a hydrogen atmosphere) Heat treatment at 760 torr) for 10 minutes. Then, the same source gas as that of the first epitaxial layer was used, and the dopant gas was not supplied. C, a 0.5 m thick epitaxy layer for sealing is grown at 25 torr, and then a second epitaxy layer with a thickness of 10 ⁇ m is grown at 1080 ° C and 80 torr with a diborane dopant gas. The main growth was carried out while supplying B 2 H 6 ) (net carrier concentration 3 ⁇ 10 15 at oms / cm 3 ).
- Epitaxial No. 18 having the phosphorus buried layer obtained in this manner is angle-polished so that a plurality of phosphorus buried layers arranged in a horizontal direction appear on the polished surface and form an angle of about 1 ° with the main surface. did. Further, as shown in FIG. 26, on the polished surface, between the adjacent phosphorus buried layers (that is, at a position not crossing the phosphorus buried layer), a measurement line was set in a direction perpendicular to the interface of the epitaxial layer. The net carrier concentration profile in the epitaxial layer was measured by the spreading resistance method.
- BH is the lowest value of the net carrier concentration at the interface of the epitaxial layer
- AH is the average net carrier concentration in the most stable region of the carrier concentration in the epitaxial layer.
- the value of / AH was determined respectively.
- AH—BH The smaller the value of ZAH, the smaller the lateral autodoping of phosphorus at the interface of the epitaxy layer. Table 1 shows the above measurement results.
- (AH-BH) / AH is 0.5 or less only when the normal pressure heat treatment temperature before the growth of the sealing epitaxial layer is 180 ° C.
- Fig. 27 shows a measurement example of the carrier concentration profile by the spreading resistance method.
- the carrier concentration does not significantly decrease even at the interface position, whereas in (b), the carrier concentration sharply decreases due to the lateral auto-doping of the phosphorus component into the p-type epitaxial layer. You can see that there is.
- the figure also shows an enlarged photograph of the sample surface on which the carrier concentration measurement was performed, which was obtained by immersing the sample surface in a stin solution composed of an aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid and then irradiating light.
- the black part of the background is the p-type epitaxial layer, and the bright part in it is the n-type embedded layer.
- the phosphorus buried layer is connected at the interface position by the lateral auto-doping of the phosphorus component, while no occurrence occurs.
- the gist of this embodiment is that, when both the boron injection layer and the phosphorus injection layer are formed in the first epitaxial layer, after the formation of the phosphorus injection layer, a pre-injection oxidation step of oxidizing the surface of the first epitaxial layer is performed. Not performed. That is, the phosphorus implantation step is performed after the boron implantation step. This step has already been described as the reference example 1 shown in FIGS. 14 to 17.
- the implantation of phosphorus is performed after the oxide film 19 before implantation is formed, so that the phosphorus implantation layer 20 Concentration of phosphorus in the surface layer is avoided. As a result, even if the second epitaxial layer 22 is formed, the lateral quadrupling of phosphorus and boron is effectively prevented. If heat treatment is performed for a long time after the phosphorus implantation while leaving the oxide film 15, the phosphorus component is concentrated in the surface layer of the phosphorus implantation layer 20, and the crystal recovery shown in FIG. It is preferable to omit the heat treatment for the growth and to grow the epitaxial layer 22 immediately.
- the fourth embodiment can be applied to a method of manufacturing an epitaxial wafer using a photoresist film as a mask for ion implantation.
- a boron implantation layer 71 is first formed in the first epitaxial layer 3, and then a pre-implantation oxide film 19 is formed. Since boron in the boron implanted layer 71 hardly collects at the interface with the pre-implantation oxide film 19 for the same reason as described above, boron does not concentrate on the surface layer portion.
- a mask 60 for ion implantation for forming a phosphorus implantation layer is formed by a photoresist film, and after phosphorus is implanted, a mask for ion implantation is formed as shown in (c). 60 and the oxide film 19 before implantation are removed, and as shown in FIG. The second epitaxial layer 22 is grown to obtain a boron buried layer 71 ′ and a phosphorus buried layer 72 ′.
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- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00974817A EP1152458A4 (en) | 1999-11-10 | 2000-11-08 | SILICON EPITAXIAL DISC AND ITS MANUFACTURE |
US09/889,020 US6589336B1 (en) | 1999-11-10 | 2000-11-08 | Production method for silicon epitaxial wafer and silicon epitaxial wafer |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP31997099A JP4016371B2 (ja) | 1999-11-10 | 1999-11-10 | シリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法 |
JP11-319970 | 1999-11-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2001035452A1 true WO2001035452A1 (fr) | 2001-05-17 |
Family
ID=18116299
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2000/007833 WO2001035452A1 (fr) | 1999-11-10 | 2000-11-08 | Plaquette epitaxiee de silicium et son procede de production |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6589336B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1152458A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4016371B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100760514B1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW497155B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2001035452A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (18)
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JP4190906B2 (ja) * | 2003-02-07 | 2008-12-03 | 信越半導体株式会社 | シリコン半導体基板及びその製造方法 |
US6809003B1 (en) * | 2003-04-02 | 2004-10-26 | Polarfab Llc | Bi-directional epitaxial doping technique |
US6911367B2 (en) * | 2003-04-18 | 2005-06-28 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Methods of forming semiconductive materials having flattened surfaces; methods of forming isolation regions; and methods of forming elevated source/drain regions |
JP2005057235A (ja) * | 2003-07-24 | 2005-03-03 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 絶縁ゲート型バイポーラトランジスタ及びその製造方法、並びに、インバータ回路 |
JP4797514B2 (ja) * | 2005-08-26 | 2011-10-19 | 株式会社Sumco | シリコンウェーハの製造方法 |
JP5985789B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-15 | 2016-09-06 | 富士電機株式会社 | 超接合半導体装置の製造方法 |
JP5560897B2 (ja) * | 2010-05-20 | 2014-07-30 | 富士電機株式会社 | 超接合半導体装置の製造方法 |
JP5560931B2 (ja) * | 2010-06-14 | 2014-07-30 | 富士電機株式会社 | 超接合半導体装置の製造方法 |
JP5699526B2 (ja) * | 2010-10-21 | 2015-04-15 | 富士電機株式会社 | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
US8895325B2 (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2014-11-25 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. | System and method for aligning substrates for multiple implants |
JP5799936B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-13 | 2015-10-28 | 株式会社Sumco | 半導体エピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法、半導体エピタキシャルウェーハ、および固体撮像素子の製造方法 |
JP5799935B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-13 | 2015-10-28 | 株式会社Sumco | 半導体エピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法、半導体エピタキシャルウェーハ、および固体撮像素子の製造方法 |
KR102098296B1 (ko) * | 2013-04-15 | 2020-04-07 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | 에피택셜 웨이퍼 |
JP2015032611A (ja) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-16 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 |
US9306034B2 (en) | 2014-02-24 | 2016-04-05 | Vanguard International Semiconductor Corporation | Method and apparatus for power device with multiple doped regions |
JP5757355B2 (ja) * | 2014-04-23 | 2015-07-29 | 富士電機株式会社 | 超接合半導体装置の製造方法 |
CN107706148B (zh) * | 2017-10-17 | 2020-09-08 | 吉林华微电子股份有限公司 | 改善光刻标记对准精度的方法、超级结产品的制备方法及超级结产品 |
IT202100022547A1 (it) * | 2021-08-30 | 2023-03-02 | St Microelectronics Srl | Dispositivo opto-elettronico per il rilevamento e la localizzazione di oggetti per applicazioni lidar |
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- 2000-11-08 US US09/889,020 patent/US6589336B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-08 EP EP00974817A patent/EP1152458A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-11-08 KR KR1020017008504A patent/KR100760514B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20010101374A (ko) | 2001-11-14 |
EP1152458A4 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
JP2001139399A (ja) | 2001-05-22 |
TW497155B (en) | 2002-08-01 |
US6589336B1 (en) | 2003-07-08 |
JP4016371B2 (ja) | 2007-12-05 |
EP1152458A1 (en) | 2001-11-07 |
KR100760514B1 (ko) | 2007-09-20 |
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