WO1995026576A1 - Metallische bipolare platte für ht-brennstoffzellen und verfahren zur herstellung derselben - Google Patents
Metallische bipolare platte für ht-brennstoffzellen und verfahren zur herstellung derselben Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995026576A1 WO1995026576A1 PCT/DE1995/000432 DE9500432W WO9526576A1 WO 1995026576 A1 WO1995026576 A1 WO 1995026576A1 DE 9500432 W DE9500432 W DE 9500432W WO 9526576 A1 WO9526576 A1 WO 9526576A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bipolar plate
- chromium
- enriched
- alloy
- bipolar
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
- H01M8/0208—Alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
- H01M8/0208—Alloys
- H01M8/021—Alloys based on iron
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0223—Composites
- H01M8/0228—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/2432—Grouping of unit cells of planar configuration
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the invention relates to a metallic bipolar plate for HT fuel cells.
- the HT fuel cell Solid Oxide Fuel Cell - SOFC
- the fuel H 2 , CH ⁇ CO, etc
- the oxidizing agent O2 air
- an oxygen-conducting solid electrolyte Y -stabilized ZrC> 2
- ⁇ J etrennt "be i operating temperature of the cell (/ 950 ° C) are passed from the cathode side through the electrolyte oxygen ions react at the anode with the fuel. Because of the charge balance, an electron current flows in the same direction.
- the electrolyte must be coated with porous, catalytically active electrode materials.
- the anode fuel side
- the cathode oxygen side
- the voltage that can be tapped from a single cell is quite low ( ⁇ 1V).
- the bipolar plate or the interconnector
- the bipolar plate in the SOFC concepts discussed today is a few millimeters thick and, in most concepts, forms not only the gas-supplying connecting link between the individual cells, but also that load-bearing component of the cell (eg EP 0338 823 AI).
- the bipolar plate must among other things have the following properties:
- bipolar plate material LaCrC ⁇ -based ceramics and metallic HT materials.
- the latter have recently been favored for better toughness, better electrical conductivity and easier machinability. Due to the required hot gas corrosion resistance, only Cr 2 C> 3 or Al 2 C> 3-forming HT materials are suitable. Alloys based on NiCr or NiCrAl differ due to the too high coefficient of thermal expansion (& 20-10 k compared to «10 • 10 ⁇ 6 k 1 for electrolyte / electrodes) according to the current state of knowledge in general.
- FeCrAl (ODS) alloys typically composition. In% by weight: Fe base, 20Cr, 5A1, 0.5Y 2 O 3 ) which form protective A ⁇ C ⁇ cover layers when used with HT.
- the alloys (2) have the great advantage of low coefficients of thermal expansion, but the relatively rapidly forming thicker Cr 2 O 3 layers tend to flake off, so that the gas flow in the gas ducts can be impaired during long-term operation.
- a mixture of CrNi alloy and 50 to 85% by weight (based on the mixture) of oxide ceramic is specified as "connecting material" for solid oxide fuel cells in DE 42 42 570 A1, which ceramic ceramic should consist in particular of silicon oxide or aluminum oxide and Setting the thermal expansion coefficient serves special execution details and their possible Behaviors as a bipolar plate, however, are not evident.
- the aim of the invention is therefore a bipolar plate for HT fuel cells which, despite its excellent corrosion resistance and adapted thermal expansion, shows neither problems with the electrode contact nor with regard to the gas flow.
- the bipolar plate according to the invention developed for this purpose consists of a chromium oxide-forming alloy with an aluminum-enriched surface layer in the area of the gas guiding surfaces.
- Chromium, NiCr, FeCr or chromium-nickel alloys are suitable as bipolar plate materials, but chromium-iron alloys are particularly preferred.
- the aluminum enrichment layer should have a thickness between 20 and 200 ⁇ , in particular 50 to 100 ⁇ .
- Fig. 1 shows a section through between anode and
- FIG. 2 shows a detail of the bipolar plate shown in FIG. 1 during manufacture
- Fig. 3 shows the stacking sequence of bipolar plates with electrodes and between
- FIG. 3 corresponds to a fuel cell of known design with flat cell stacks (which are shown in disassembled form for illustration).
- Fig. L shows the bipolar plate 1 made of a Cr-based alloy (eg Cr-5Fe-lY 2 0 3 additives in wt.?) Or (for t ⁇ 900 ° C) made of a high-chromium Fe-based alloy (eg ferritic steel with 20-35 * 3-.% CY).
- the typical shape (plate a few millimeters thick with gas channels) can be produced in the conventional way by machining a sheet metal material or using a near-net-shape production (near-net-shape process) using powder metallurgical methods (MIM, WPP).
- the webs 2 on the plate, which form the side walls 3 of the gas channels 4 are initially made slightly higher than is desirable in the final shape in order to take into account the final removal of the Al enrichment layers on the electrode contact surfaces of the webs (end faces).
- the bipolar plate thus prepared is subjected to a conventional alitation process.
- the plate is in a powder mixture of an inert material (e.g. Al 2 ⁇ 3.90%), a chloride / fluoride activator (e.g. NaCl or NH 4 C1, 5%) and Al powder (5%) at elevated temperature (600 -1300 ° C) stored under a protective gas atmosphere (eg argon).
- Typical alitation conditions would be 3 hours at 1000 ° C.
- an Al-enriched zone is formed on the surfaces of the plate (end faces of the webs and inner surface or walls of the gas channels).
- a Cr-based alloy is present, e.g. intermetallic phases of the type Cr ⁇ Alg or Cr ⁇ Alg.
- This Al-enriched layer is removed from the end face of the webs by simple mechanical machining (for example grinding), the initial oversizing (A + B) of which corresponds to the thickness (B) of the material to be ground, which is greater should be as the depth of penetration of the aluminum in the Al-enriched zone.
- Has composition of the base material eg Cr-based or FeCr-based alloy
- the bipolar plate thus produced forms the desired layer on Cr 2 on the surface of the webs (ie at the contact points with the electrodes) ⁇ 3 base, while AI2O3 is formed on the walls of the gas channels.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7524906A JPH09510822A (ja) | 1994-03-28 | 1995-03-25 | 高温燃料セルの金属製の双極板およびこの板の製造方法 |
AU21084/95A AU2108495A (en) | 1994-03-28 | 1995-03-25 | Bipolar metallic plate for high-temperature fuel cells and method for manufacturing the plate |
US08/716,211 US5733682A (en) | 1994-03-28 | 1995-03-25 | Metallic bipolar plate for high-temperature fuel cells and method of making same |
EP95913874A EP0753209A1 (de) | 1994-03-28 | 1995-03-25 | Metallische bipolare platte für ht-brennstoffzellen und verfahren zur herstellung derselben |
NO964108A NO964108D0 (no) | 1994-03-28 | 1996-09-27 | Bipolar metallplate for höytemperatur-brenselceller, samt fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av en slik plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP4410711.0 | 1994-03-28 | ||
DE4410711A DE4410711C1 (de) | 1994-03-28 | 1994-03-28 | Metallische bipolare Platte für HT-Brennstoffzellen und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1995026576A1 true WO1995026576A1 (de) | 1995-10-05 |
Family
ID=6514051
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1995/000432 WO1995026576A1 (de) | 1994-03-28 | 1995-03-25 | Metallische bipolare platte für ht-brennstoffzellen und verfahren zur herstellung derselben |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5733682A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0753209A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH09510822A (de) |
AU (1) | AU2108495A (de) |
DE (1) | DE4410711C1 (de) |
NO (1) | NO964108D0 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1995026576A1 (de) |
Cited By (5)
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DE19609813C1 (de) * | 1996-03-13 | 1997-07-10 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Aus einem metallischen Hochtemperaturwerkstoff bestehendes Verbindungselement mit lanthanhaltiger Oberfläche |
DE19735854A1 (de) * | 1997-08-19 | 1999-02-25 | Daimler Benz Ag | Stromkollektor für eine Brennstoffzelle und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
DE102005030925A1 (de) * | 2005-07-02 | 2007-01-04 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Chromrückhalteschichten für Bauteile von Brennstoffzellensystemen |
EP2230707A1 (de) | 2009-03-12 | 2010-09-22 | Plansee Se | Interkonnektor einer Festelektrolyt-Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzelle |
DE102010039233A1 (de) * | 2010-08-12 | 2012-02-16 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Schichtwärmeübertragers |
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US5942348A (en) * | 1994-12-01 | 1999-08-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Fuel cell with ceramic-coated bipolar plates and a process for producing the fuel cell |
ES2131344T3 (es) * | 1994-12-01 | 1999-07-16 | Siemens Ag | Celula de combustible con placas bipolares recubiertas con ceramica y su fabricacion. |
DE19546614C2 (de) * | 1995-12-13 | 1998-12-17 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Oxidationsbeständige, chromoxidbildende Legierung |
DE19547699C2 (de) * | 1995-12-20 | 2000-01-13 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Bipolare Platte mit selektiver Beschichtung |
DE19605086C1 (de) * | 1996-02-12 | 1997-06-26 | Siemens Ag | Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzelle und aus solchen bestehender Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellenstapel |
DE19609133C1 (de) * | 1996-03-08 | 1997-09-04 | Siemens Ag | Bipolare Platte für einen Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellenstapel und deren Verwendung |
DE19610318C1 (de) * | 1996-03-15 | 1997-11-20 | Siemens Ag | Verwendung eines silicierten Substrats als Verbundleiterplatte in einer Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzelle |
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EP0889536A1 (de) * | 1997-07-03 | 1999-01-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Metallische bipolare Platte für Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellenstapel |
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US9178240B2 (en) | 2012-08-15 | 2015-11-03 | Battelle Memorial Institute | System and process for aluminization of metal-containing substrates |
US10096840B1 (en) | 2014-12-15 | 2018-10-09 | Bloom Energy Corporation | High temperature air purge of solid oxide fuel cell anode electrodes |
GB2524643B (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2017-03-29 | Ceres Ip Co Ltd | Interconnect for Low Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell |
DE102021004963A1 (de) | 2021-10-02 | 2023-04-06 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Vorrichtung zur Verspannung eines Brennstoffzellenstapels oder Elektrolysezellenstapels |
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-
1995
- 1995-03-25 AU AU21084/95A patent/AU2108495A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-03-25 WO PCT/DE1995/000432 patent/WO1995026576A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-03-25 EP EP95913874A patent/EP0753209A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-03-25 US US08/716,211 patent/US5733682A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-03-25 JP JP7524906A patent/JPH09510822A/ja active Pending
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1996
- 1996-09-27 NO NO964108A patent/NO964108D0/no unknown
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19609813C1 (de) * | 1996-03-13 | 1997-07-10 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Aus einem metallischen Hochtemperaturwerkstoff bestehendes Verbindungselement mit lanthanhaltiger Oberfläche |
DE19735854A1 (de) * | 1997-08-19 | 1999-02-25 | Daimler Benz Ag | Stromkollektor für eine Brennstoffzelle und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
US6117580A (en) * | 1997-08-19 | 2000-09-12 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Current collector for a fuel cell and method of making the same |
DE19735854C2 (de) * | 1997-08-19 | 2002-08-01 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Stromkollektor für eine Brennstoffzelle und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
DE102005030925A1 (de) * | 2005-07-02 | 2007-01-04 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Chromrückhalteschichten für Bauteile von Brennstoffzellensystemen |
EP2230707A1 (de) | 2009-03-12 | 2010-09-22 | Plansee Se | Interkonnektor einer Festelektrolyt-Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzelle |
US9029044B2 (en) | 2009-03-12 | 2015-05-12 | Plansee Se | Interconnector for a high-temperature solid electrolyte fuel cell, method of producing a fuel cell, and high-temperature solid electrolyte fuel cell |
DE102010039233A1 (de) * | 2010-08-12 | 2012-02-16 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Schichtwärmeübertragers |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH09510822A (ja) | 1997-10-28 |
AU2108495A (en) | 1995-10-17 |
DE4410711C1 (de) | 1995-09-07 |
NO964108L (no) | 1996-09-27 |
EP0753209A1 (de) | 1997-01-15 |
NO964108D0 (no) | 1996-09-27 |
US5733682A (en) | 1998-03-31 |
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