US20190330366A1 - Multispecific polypeptide constructs having constrained cd3 binding and related methods and uses - Google Patents

Multispecific polypeptide constructs having constrained cd3 binding and related methods and uses Download PDF

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US20190330366A1
US20190330366A1 US16/380,963 US201916380963A US2019330366A1 US 20190330366 A1 US20190330366 A1 US 20190330366A1 US 201916380963 A US201916380963 A US 201916380963A US 2019330366 A1 US2019330366 A1 US 2019330366A1
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region
antigen
binding domain
antigen binding
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Brendan P. Eckelman
Michael D. Kaplan
Katelyn M. Willis
John C. Timmer
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Inhibrx Biosciences Inc
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Inhibrx Inc
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Publication of US20190330366A1 publication Critical patent/US20190330366A1/en
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Priority to US18/206,354 priority patent/US12331132B2/en
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Assigned to INHIBRX BIOSCIENCES, INC. reassignment INHIBRX BIOSCIENCES, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: Inhibrx, Inc.
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    • C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
    • C07K16/30—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants from tumour cells
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    • C07K16/2827—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against the immunoglobulin superfamily against B7 molecules, e.g. CD80, CD86
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    • C07K16/2878—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against the NGF-receptor/TNF-receptor superfamily, e.g. CD27, CD30, CD40, CD95
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    • C07K2317/569—Single domain, e.g. dAb, sdAb, VHH, VNAR or nanobody®
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    • C07K2317/92—Affinity (KD), association rate (Ka), dissociation rate (Kd) or EC50 value

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to multispecific polypeptides having constrained CD3 binding.
  • components of the multispecific polypeptides are connected by a non-cleavable linker.
  • methods of making and using these multispecific polypeptides in a variety of therapeutic, diagnostic and prophylactic indications are also provided.
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct comprising in order, from N-terminus to C-terminus: a first antigen binding domain that binds to a tumor-associated antigen (TAA); an immunoglobulin Fc region; a linker, such as a non-cleavable linker, a CD3 binding region that binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ ); and a second antigen binding domain that binds a tumor-associated antigen (TAA).
  • TAA tumor-associated antigen
  • CD3 ⁇ CD3 binding region that binds CD3
  • TAA tumor-associated antigen
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct wherein the multispecific construct comprises in order, from N-terminus to C-terminus: an antigen binding domain that binds to a tumor-associated antigen (TAA); an immunoglobulin Fc region; a linker, such as a non-cleavable linker; and a CD3 binding region that binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ ).
  • TAA tumor-associated antigen
  • CD3 ⁇ CD3 binding region that binds CD3
  • the linker is a non-cleavable linker. In some embodiments, the linker is a linker that does not contain a substrate recognition site specific to cleavage by a protease.
  • the positioning of the Fc region N-terminal to the CD3 binding region reduces or prevents the ability of the CD3 binding region to bind CD3.
  • the first component (component #1) and the second component (component #2) of the multispecific polypeptide constructs are linked and binding to CD3 is disallowed, unless the antigen binding domain(s) is bound to its cognate antigen.
  • component #1 contains at least one antigen binding domain and an Fc region.
  • component #2 contains at least a CD3 binding region domain and an antigen binding domain, the former of which is capable of binding CD3 (when the multispecific construct is bound to antigen recognized by the antigen binding domain or domains of component #1 or component #2).
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct When the antigen binding domain(s) is bound to its cognate antigen, the multispecific polypeptide construct, via component #2, is capable of forming an immune synapse between an antigen-expressing cell and a T-cell. This co-engagement mediates antigen dependent T-cell activation, cytotoxicity, cytokine release, degranulation and proliferation.
  • the multispecific polypeptide constructs are capable of interacting with Fc ⁇ Rs and mediating innate immune effector functions, for example antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP).
  • the multispecific polypeptide constructs are capable of interacting with complement proteins, namely C1q, and mediating complement-dependent cytotoxicity.
  • the cognate antigen recognized by the antigen binding domain(s) of a provided multispecific polypeptide construct is a tumor associated antigen (TAA).
  • TAA tumor associated antigen
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct is composed of a first component comprising an immunoglobulin Fc region and a second component comprising a CD3-binding region, wherein the first and second components are coupled by a linker, such as a non-cleavable linker, wherein the Fc region is positioned N-terminal to the CD3-binding region; and one or both of the first and second components comprises an antigen binding domain that binds a tumor associated antigen (TAA).
  • TAA tumor associated antigen
  • the CD3-binding region binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ ).
  • the antigen binding domain is positioned amino-terminally relative to the Fc region and/or carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region of the multispecific polypeptide construct.
  • the first component comprises a first antigen binding domain and the second component comprises a second antigen binding domain, wherein each of the antigen binding domains bind a tumor associated antigen (TAA).
  • TAA tumor associated antigen
  • the first antigen binding domain is positioned at the amino terminus of the multispecific construct and the second antigen binding domain is positioned at the carboxy terminus of the multispecific construct.
  • the first antigen binding domain is positioned amino-terminally relative to the Fc region and/or carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region of the multispecific polypeptide construct.
  • at least one antigen binding domain is positioned carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region of the multispecific polypeptide construct.
  • the CD3 binding region is an antibody or an antigen binding fragment.
  • the antibody or antigen binding fragment is a two chain polypeptide containing a variable heavy (VH) and a variable light (VL) chain.
  • the antibody or antigen-binding fragment is an Fv.
  • the Fv is a disulfide-stabilized Fv (dsFv) containing an interchain disulfide bond between the VH and VL chains.
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct comprising a first component comprising an immunoglobulin Fc region and a second component comprising a CD3-binding region, wherein the CD3 binding region is an anti-CD3 antibody or antigen binding fragment that is an Fv antibody fragment comprising a variable heavy chain region (VH) and a variable light chain region (VL);
  • the Fc is a heterodimeric Fc comprising a first Fc polypeptide and a second Fc polypeptide and the VH and VL of the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen binding fragment are linked to opposite polypeptides of the heterodimeric Fc;
  • the first and second components are coupled by a non-cleavable linker, wherein the Fc region is positioned N-terminal to the CD3-binding region; and the first component comprises a first antigen binding domain and the second component comprises a second antigen binding domain, wherein each of the antigen binding domains bind a tumor associated antigen (TAA).
  • TAA tumor associated
  • the CD3-binding region binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ ).
  • the first antigen binding domain is positioned amino-terminally relative to the Fc region of the multispecific construct and the second antigen binding domain is positioned carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region of the multispecific construct.
  • the multispecific construct comprises in order, from N-terminus to C-terminus: the first antigen binding domain that binds to a tumor-associated antigen (TAA); the immunoglobulin Fc region; the non-cleavable linker; the CD3 binding region, wherein the CD3 binding region binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ ); and the second antigen binding domain that binds a tumor-associated antigen (TAA).
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct comprising a first component comprising an immunoglobulin Fc region and a second component comprising a CD3-binding region, wherein: the CD3 binding region is an anti-CD3 antibody or antigen binding fragment that is a disulfide-stabilized Fv antibody fragment (dsFv) comprising a variable heavy chain (VH) and a variable light chain (VL); the Fc is a heterodimeric Fc comprising a first Fc polypeptide and a second Fc polypeptide and the VH and VL of the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen binding fragment are linked to opposite polypeptides of the heterodimeric Fc; the first and second components are coupled by a non-cleavable linker, wherein the Fc region is positioned N-terminal to the CD3-binding region; and one or both of the first and second components comprises an antigen binding domain that binds a tumor associated antigen (TAA).
  • TAA tumor associated antigen
  • At least one antigen binding domain is positioned carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region of the multispecific polypeptide construct.
  • the CD3-binding region binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ ).
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct comprising a first component comprising an immunoglobulin Fc region and a second component comprising a CD3-binding region, wherein: the CD3 binding region is an anti-CD3 antibody or antigen binding fragment that is a an Fv antibody fragment comprising a variable heavy chain (VH) and a variable light chain (VL); the Fc is a heterodimeric Fc comprising a first Fc polypeptide and a second Fc polypeptide and the VH and VL of the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen binding fragment are linked to opposite polypeptides of the heterodimeric Fc; the first and second components are coupled by a non-cleavable linker, wherein the Fc region is positioned N-terminal to the CD3-binding region; and one or both of the first and second components comprises an antigen binding domain that binds a tumor associated antigen (TAA), wherein the antigen-binding domain is a single chain antibody fragment, such as an s
  • TAA
  • At least one antigen binding domain is positioned carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region of the multispecific polypeptide construct.
  • the CD3-binding region binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ ).
  • the multispecific construct comprises in order, from N-terminus to C-terminus: the first antigen binding domain that binds to a tumor-associated antigen (TAA); the immunoglobulin Fc region; the non-cleavable linker; the CD3 binding region, wherein the CD3 binding region binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ ); and the second antigen binding domain that binds a tumor-associated antigen (TAA).
  • TAA tumor-associated antigen
  • CD3 ⁇ CD3 binding region
  • TAA tumor-associated antigen
  • the multispecific construct comprises in order, from N-terminus to C-terminus: the immunoglobulin Fc region; the non-cleavable linker; the CD3 binding region, wherein the CD3 binding region binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ ); and an antigen binding domain that binds a tumor-associated antigen (TAA).
  • TAA tumor-associated antigen
  • the multispecific construct comprises in order, from N-terminus to C-terminus: the antigen binding domain that binds to a tumor-associated antigen (TAA); the immunoglobulin Fc region; the non-cleavable linker; and the CD3 binding region, wherein the CD3 binding region binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ ).
  • TAA tumor-associated antigen
  • CD3 ⁇ CD3 binding region
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct comprising in order, from N-terminus to C-terminus: a first antigen binding domain that binds to a tumor-associated antigen (TAA); an immunoglobulin Fc region; a linker, such as a non-cleavable linker; a CD3 binding region that binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ ); and a second antigen binding domain that binds a tumor-associated antigen (TAA).
  • TAA tumor-associated antigen
  • CD3 ⁇ CD3 binding region that binds CD3
  • TAA tumor-associated antigen
  • multispecific polypeptide construct wherein the multispecific construct comprises in order, from N-terminus to C-terminus: an immunoglobulin Fc region; a linker, such as a non-cleavable linker; a CD3 binding region that binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ ); and an antigen binding domain that binds a tumor-associated antigen (TAA).
  • an immunoglobulin Fc region such as a non-cleavable linker
  • CD3 binding region that binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ )
  • TAA tumor-associated antigen
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct wherein the multispecific construct comprises in order, from N-terminus to C-terminus: an antigen binding domain that binds to a tumor-associated antigen (TAA); an immunoglobulin Fc region; a linker, such as a non-cleavable linker; and a CD3 binding region that binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ ).
  • TAA tumor-associated antigen
  • CD3 ⁇ CD3 binding region that binds CD3
  • the antigen binding domain is selected from an antibody or antigen binding fragment, a natural cognate binding partner, an Anticalin (engineered lipocalin), a Darpin, a Fynomer, a Centyrin (engineered fibroneticin III domain), a cystine-knot domain, an Affilin, an Affibody, or an engineered CH3 domain.
  • the natural cognate binding partner comprises an extracellular domain or binding fragment thereof of the native cognate binding partner of the TAA, or a variant thereof that exhibits binding activity to the TAA.
  • the antigen-binding domain(s) includes one or more copies of an antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof. In some embodiments, the antigen-binding domain(s) includes one or more copies of an antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof selected from the group consisting of a Fab fragment, a F(ab′) 2 fragment, an Fv fragment, a scFv, a scAb, a dAb, a single domain heavy chain antibody, and a single domain light chain antibody. In some embodiments, the antigen-binding domain(s) include one or more copies of one or more single domain antibody (sdAb) fragments, for example V H H, V NAR , engineered V H or V K domains.
  • sdAb single domain antibody
  • V H Hs can be generated from camelid heavy chain only antibodies.
  • V NAR s can be generated from cartilaginous fish heavy chain only antibodies.
  • Various methods have been implemented to generate monomeric sdAbs from conventionally heterodimeric V H and V K domains, including interface engineering and selection of specific germline families.
  • the one or more antigen binding domains independently bind an antigen that is a tumor associated antigen (TAA).
  • TAA tumor associated antigen
  • the antigen binding domain, or independently each of the antigen binding domains binds to a tumor antigen selected from among 1-92-LFA-3, 5T4, Alpha-4 integrin, Alpha-V integrin, alpha4beta1 integrin, alpha4beta7 integrin, AGR2, Anti-Lewis-Y, Apelin J receptor, APRIL, B7-H3, B7-H4, BAFF, BTLA, C5 complement, C-242, CA9, CA19-9, (Lewis a), Carbonic anhydrase 9, CD2, CD3, CD6, CD9, CD11a, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD24, CD25, CD27, CD28, CD30, CD33, CD38, CD40, CD40L, CD41, CD44, CD44v6, CD47, CD51, CD52, CD56, CD64, CD70
  • the Fc region is a homodimeric Fc region.
  • the immunoglobulin Fc region of the first component is an IgG isotype selected from the group consisting of IgG1 isotype, IgG2 isotype, IgG3 isotype, and IgG4 subclass.
  • the Fc region is an Fc region of a human IgG1, a human IgG2, a human IgG3, or a human IgG4, or is an immunologically active fragment thereof.
  • the Fc region comprises a polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 or a sequence of amino acids that has at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:1.
  • the Fc region comprises a polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2 or a sequence of amino acids that has at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2.
  • the Fc region comprises a polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4 or a sequence of amino acids that has at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:4.
  • the Fc region comprises a polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5 or a sequence of amino acids that has at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:5.
  • the Fc region comprises a polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6 or a sequence of amino acids that has at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:6.
  • the immunoglobulin Fc region is a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence that is derived from an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-6.
  • the immunoglobulin Fc region is a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-6. In some embodiments, the immunoglobulin Fc region is a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identical to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-6.
  • the Fc region is a heterodimeric Fc region.
  • the Fc region is a heterodimer containing a first Fc polypeptide and a second Fc polypeptide wherein one or both of the first and second Fc polypeptides of the heterodimeric Fc region are a variant Fc polypeptide comprising at least one modification to induce heterodimerization compared to an Fc region of human IgG1, human IgG2 or human IgG4.
  • the at least one modification is in or compared to an Fc region of human IgG1.
  • the at least one modification is in or compared to the Fc polypeptide set forth in SEQ ID NO:1 or an immunologically active fragment thereof.
  • one or both Fc polypeptides of the heterodimeric Fc region comprises at least one modification to induce heterodimerization compared to a polypeptide of a homodimeric Fc region, optionally compared to the Fc polypeptide set forth in SEQ ID NO:1 or an immunologically active fragment thereof.
  • each of the Fc polypeptides of the heterodimeric Fc independently comprise at least one amino acid modification.
  • the at least one modification is selected from a steric modification(s), a knob-into-hole modification(s), a charge mutation(s) to increase electrostatic complementarity of the polypeptides, a modification(s) to alter the isoelectric point (p1 variant), or combinations thereof.
  • the amino acid modification is a charge mutation to increase electrostatic complementarity of the polypeptides.
  • the first and/or second Fc polypeptides comprise a modification in complementary positions, wherein the modification is replacement with an amino acid having an opposite charge to the complementary amino acid of the other polypeptide.
  • the first or second polypeptide comprise a modification in complementary positions, wherein the modification is replacement with an amino acid having an opposite charge to the complementary amino acid of the other polypeptide.
  • at least the first or second Fc polypeptides each comprise a modification in complementary positions, wherein the modification is replacement with an amino acid having an opposite charge to the complementary amino acid of the other polypeptide.
  • the first and second Fc polypeptides each comprise a modification in complementary positions, wherein the modification is replacement with an amino acid having an opposite charge to the complementary amino acid of the other polypeptide.
  • the amino acid modification is a knob-into-hole modification.
  • the first Fc polypeptide of the heterodimeric Fc comprises the modification selected from among Thr366Ser, Leu368Ala, Tyr407Val, and combinations thereof and the second Fc polypeptide of the heterodimeric Fc comprises the modification T366W.
  • the first and second Fc polypeptides further comprise a modification of a non-cysteine residue to a cysteine residue, wherein the modification of the first polypeptide is at one of a position Ser354 and Y349 and the modification of the second Fc polypeptide is at the other of the position Ser354 and Y349.
  • the first Fc polypeptide comprises the modifications L368D/K370S and the second Fc polypeptide comprises the modifications S364K/E357Q.
  • one of the first or second Fc polypeptide of the heterodimeric Fc further comprises a modification at residue Ile253. In some instances, the modification is Ile253Arg. In some embodiments, one of the first or second Fc polypeptide of the heterodimeric Fc further comprises a modification at residue His435. In some instances, the modification is His435Arg.
  • the first Fc polypeptide and the second Fc polypeptide comprises sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 82 and 83, respectively; SEQ ID NOS: 86 and 87, respectively; SEQ ID NOS: 201 and 202, respectively; SEQ ID NOS: 82 and 90, respectively; SEQ ID NOS: 86 and 92, respectively; and SEQ ID NOS: 201 and 205, respectively.
  • modifications within the Fc region reduce binding to Fc-receptor-gamma receptors while having minimal impact on binding to the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn).
  • the mutated or modified Fc polypeptide includes the following mutations: Met252Tyr and Met428Leu or Met252Tyr and Met428Val (M252Y, M428L, or M252Y, M428V) using the Kabat numbering system.
  • the first polypeptide of the heterodimeric Fc comprises the sequence of amino acids set forth in any of SEQ ID NOS: 94, 96 or 207
  • the second polypeptide of the heterodimeric Fc comprises the sequence of amino acids set forth in any of SEQ ID NOS: 98, 100, or 209.
  • the first Fc polypeptide and the second Fc polypeptide comprises sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 94 and 98, respectively; SEQ ID NOS: 96 and 100, respectively; and SEQ ID NOS: 207 and 209, respectively.
  • the Fc region comprises a polypeptide comprising at least one modification to enhance Fc ⁇ R binding.
  • the modification is modification at Ser239 or Ile332.
  • the glycosylation of the Fc region is modified to enhance Fc ⁇ R binding as compared to an unmodified Fc region.
  • the Fc region lacks or has reduced fucose content.
  • the Fc region comprises a polypeptide comprising at least one amino acid modification that reduces effector function and/or reduces binding to an effector molecule selected from an Fc gamma receptor or C1q.
  • the one or more amino acid modification is deletion of one or more of Glu233, Leu234 or Leu235.
  • the first polypeptide of the heterodimeric Fc comprises the sequence of amino acids set forth in any of SEQ ID NOS:82, 86, 94 or 96
  • the second polypeptide of the heterodimeric Fc comprises the sequence of amino acids set forth in any of SEQ ID NOS:83, 87, 90, 92, 98 or 100
  • the Fc region comprises a polypeptide comprising at least one amino acid modification that reduces effector function and/or reduces binding to an effector molecule selected from an Fc gamma receptor or C1q.
  • the one or more amino acid modification is deletion of one or more of Glu233, Leu234 or Leu235.
  • the CD3 binding region is an anti-CD3 antibody or antigen-binding fragment.
  • the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen binding fragment comprises a variable heavy chain region (VH) and a variable light chain region (VL).
  • VH variable heavy chain region
  • VL variable light chain region
  • the CD3 binding region is monovalent.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct contains a linker that is a polypeptide linker.
  • the linker is a polypeptide of up to 25 amino acids in length. In some cases, the linker is a polypeptide of from or from about 2 to 24 amino acids, 2 to 20 amino acids, 2 to 18 amino acids, 2 to 14 amino acids, 2 to 12 amino acids, 2 to 10 amino acids, 2 to 8 amino acids, 2 to 6 amino acids, 6 to 24 amino acids, 6 to 20 amino acids, 6 to 18 amino acids, 6 to 14 amino acids, 6 to 12 amino acids, 6 to 10 amino acids, 6 to 8 amino acids, 8 to 24 amino acids, 8 to 20 amino acids, 8 to 18 amino acids, 8 to 14 amino acids, 8 to 12 amino acids, 8 to 10 amino acids, 10 to 24 amino acids, 10 to 20 amino acids, 10 to 18 amino acids, 10 to 14 amino acids, 10 amino acids, 10 to 24 amino acids, 10 to 20 amino acids, 10 to 18 amino acids, 10 to 14 amino acids, 10 to 14 amino acids, 10 to 12 amino acids, 12 amino acids,
  • the linker comprises the amino acid sequence GS, GGS, GGGGS (SEQ ID NO:149), GGGGGS (SEQ ID NO:135) and combinations thereof.
  • the linker comprises the amino acid sequence (GGS)n, wherein n is 1 to 10.
  • the linker comprises the amino acid sequence (GGGGS)n (SEQ ID NO: 173), wherein n is 1 to 10.
  • the linker comprises (GGGGGS)n (SEQ ID NO:172), wherein n is 1 to 4.
  • the linker is or comprises GGS. In some embodiments, the linker is or comprises GGGGS (SEQ ID NO: 149). In some embodiments, the linker is or comprises GGGGGS (SEQ ID NO: 135). In some embodiments, the linker is or comprises GGSGGS (“(GGS) 2 ”) (SEQ ID NO: 10). In some embodiments, the linker is or comprises GGSGGSGGS (“(GGS) 3 ”) (SEQ ID NO: 11). In some embodiments, the linker is or comprises GGSGGSGGSGGS (“(GGS) 4 ”) (SEQ ID NO: 12).
  • the VH of the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen-binding fragment is on the same polypeptide as the at least one antigen-binding domain that binds to a tumor associated antigen (TAA).
  • the polypeptide comprising the VL of the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen-binding fragment does not contain the at least one antigen-binding domain that binds to a tumor associated antigen (TAA).
  • at least one antigen binding domain is positioned carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region of the multispecific polypeptide construct.
  • the CD3 binding region is an anti-CD3 antibody or antigen-binding fragment that includes one or more copies of an antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof that is able to bind or engage CD3, such as CD3 ⁇ .
  • the anti-CD3 binding domain includes one or more copies of an antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof selected from the group consisting of a Fab fragment, a F(ab′) 2 fragment, an Fv fragment, a scFv, a scAb, a dAb, a single domain heavy chain antibody, and a single domain light chain antibody.
  • the anti-CD3 binding domain includes an Fv antibody fragment that binds CD3 ⁇ (referred to herein as an anti-CD3 ⁇ Fv fragment).
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ Fv antibody fragment includes an amino acid sequence selected from the group of SEQ ID NO: 32-81, 191, 196-200, 211, and 212. In some embodiments, the anti-CD3 ⁇ Fv antibody fragment includes an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 32-81, 191, 196-200, 211, and 212.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ Fv antibody fragment includes a combination of an amino acid sequence selected from the group of SEQ ID NO: 32-62, 196-198, and 211 and an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 63-81, 191, 199, 200, and 212.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ Fv antibody fragment includes a combination of an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 32-62, 196-198, and 211 and an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 63-81, 191, 199, 200, and 212.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ Fv antibody fragment is a disulfide stabilized anti-CD3 binding Fv fragment (dsFv).
  • the first component includes one or more copies of an antigen-binding domain.
  • the first component contains at least two antigen binding domains, such as two antigen binding domains.
  • the at least two antigen binding domains of the first component bind to the same TAA.
  • the at least two antigen binding domains of the first component bind to different epitopes of the same TAA.
  • the at least two antigen binding domains of the first component bind to the same epitope of the same TAA.
  • the at least two antigen binding domain of the first component bind to different TAAs.
  • the second component includes one or more copies of an antigen-binding domain.
  • the second component contains at least two antigen binding domains, such as two antigen binding domains.
  • the at least two antigen binding domains of the second component bind to the same TAA.
  • the at least two antigen binding domains of the second component bind to different epitopes of the same TAA.
  • the at least two antigen binding domains of the second component binds to a same epitope of the same TAA.
  • the at least two antigen binding domains of the second component bind to different TAAs.
  • the first component contains a first antigen binding domain and the antigen binding domain of the second component is a second antigen binding domain.
  • the multispecific antigen binding domain comprises at least a first antigen binding domain and a second antigen binding domain, wherein the first antigen binding domain and second antigen binding domain bind to the same TAA. In some cases, the first antigen binding domain and the second antigen binding domain bind different epitopes of the same TAA. In some instances, the first antigen binding domain and the second antigen binding domain bind the same epitope of the same TAA.
  • the multispecific antigen binding domain comprises at least a first antigen binding domain and a second antigen binding domain wherein the first antigen binding domain and the second antigen binding domain bind different TAAs.
  • the antigen binding domain of the second component (which in some cases is the second antigen binding domain) and the CD3 binding region are operably linked via one or more further amino acid linkers (referred to herein as an intra-component linker).
  • the intra-component peptide linker of the second component (also called LP2) can be a peptide linker such as any as described in Section 11.3.
  • the intra-component linker of present in the second component i.e. linking the CD3 binding region and an antigen binding domain, can be of various lengths, for example 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 amino acids in length.
  • the intra-component linker of the second component is composed predominately of the amino acids Glycine and Serine, denoted as GS-linkers herein.
  • the GS-linker comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of GGSGGS, i.e., (GGS) 2 (SEQ ID NO: 10); GGSGGSGGS, i.e., (GGS) 3 (SEQ ID NO: 11); GGSGGSGGSGGS, i.e., (GGS) 4 (SEQ ID NO: 12); and GGSGGSGGSGGSGGS, i.e., (GGS) 5 (SEQ ID NO: 13).
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct comprising a first component comprising a heterodimeric Fc region and a second component comprising an anti-CD3 antibody or antigen-binding fragment comprising a variable heavy chain region (VH) and a variable light chain region (VL), wherein: the VH and VL that comprise the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen binding fragment are linked to opposite polypeptides of the heterodimeric Fc; the first and second components are coupled by a linker, wherein the heterodimeric Fc region is positioned N-terminal to the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen-binding fragment; and one or both of the first and second components comprises an antigen binding domain that binds a tumor associated antigen (TAA).
  • TAA tumor associated antigen
  • the linker is a polypeptide of up to 50 amino acids in length. In some embodiments, the linker is a polypeptide of up to 25 amino acids in length. In some embodiments, the linker is a polypeptide of up to 15 amino acids in length.
  • the one or more antigen binding domain that binds TAA results in monovalent, bivalent, trivalent, or tetravalent binding to the TAA.
  • the one or more antigen binding domains that bind TAA independently are selected from an sdAb, an scFv or a Fab.
  • the one or more antigen binding domains that binds a TAA is a single chain molecule, such as a single chain antibody fragment containing a VH and a VL, for example an sdAb or an scFv.
  • the one or more antigen binding domains that binds a TAA is a sdAb, such as a V H H or a VH NAR .
  • at least one of the antigen binding domains is a Fab containing a first chain comprising a VH-CH1 (Fd) and a second chain comprising a VL-CL.
  • the antigen binding domain that binds the TAA is attached to the VH of the anti-CD3 binding domain. In some embodiments, the antigen binding domain that binds the TAA is attached to the same side (e.g., knob or hole) of the heterodimeric Fc to which the VH of the anti-CD3 binding domain is attached. In some embodiments, the antigen binding domain that binds the TAA is a sdAb attached to the VH of the anti-CD3 binding domain. In some embodiments, the antigen binding domain that binds the TAA is a sdAb attached to same side (e.g., knob or hole) of the heterodimeric Fc domain to which the VH of the anti-CD3 binding domain is attached.
  • the antigen binding domain that binds the TAA is a V H H or a VH NAR that is attached to the VH of the anti-CD3 binding domain. In some embodiments, the antigen binding domain that binds the TAA is a V H H or a VH NAR that is attached to the same side (e.g., knob or hole) of the heterodimeric Fc domain to which the VH of the anti-CD3 binding domain is attached. In some embodiments, the antigen binding domain that binds the TAA is a V H H attached to the VH of the anti-CD3 binding domain.
  • the antigen binding domain that binds the TAA is a V H H attached to the same side (e.g., knob or hole) of the heterodimeric Fc domain to which the VH of the anti-CD3 binding domain is attached. In some embodiments, the antigen binding domain that binds the TAA is a VH NAR attached to the VH of the anti-CD3 binding domain. In some embodiments, the antigen binding domain that binds the TAA is a VH NAR attached to the same side (e.g., knob or hole) or the Fc domain to which the VH of the anti-CD3 binding domain is attached.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct comprises at least (i) a first polypeptide comprising the first Fc polypeptide of the heterodimeric Fc region, the linker and the VH domain of the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen binding fragment; and (ii) a second polypeptide comprising the second Fc polypeptide of the heterodimeric Fc region, the linker and the VL domain of the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen binding fragment, wherein one or both of the first and second polypeptide comprise at least one antigen-binding domain that binds to a tumor associated antigen (TAA).
  • TAA tumor associated antigen
  • only one of the first or second polypeptide comprises the at least one antigen-binding domain that binds a TAA.
  • the at least one of the antigen binding domain(s) is a Fab.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct comprises: (i) a first polypeptide comprising the first Fc polypeptide of the heterodimeric Fc region, the linker and the VH domain of the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen binding fragment; (ii) a second polypeptide comprising the second Fc polypeptide of the heterodimeric Fc region, the linker and the VL domain of the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen binding fragment, and (iii) a third polypeptide comprising a VH-CH1 (Fd) or VL-CL of a Fab antibody fragment that binds to a tumor-associated antigen, wherein the first and/or second polypeptide further comprises the other of the VH-CH1 (Fd) or VL-CL of the Fab antibody fragment.
  • only one of the first or second polypeptide comprises the other of the VH-CH1 (Fd) or VL-CL of the Fab antibody fragment.
  • both the first or second polypeptide comprises the other of the VH-CH1 (Fd) or VL-CL of the Fab antibody fragment.
  • the other of the VH-CH1 (Fd) or VL-CL of the Fab antibody fragment is positioned amino-terminally relative to the Fc region and/or carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region of one of the first or second polypeptide of the multispecific polypeptide construct.
  • the other of the VH-CH1 (Fd) or VL-CL of the Fab antibody fragment is positioned amino-terminally relative to the Fc region of the first polypeptide or second polypeptide and carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region of the other of the first or second polypeptide.
  • the at least one antigen binding domain is positioned amino-terminally relative to the Fc region and/or is positioned carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region of one of the first or second polypeptide of the multispecific polypeptide construct. In some cases, the at least one antigen binding domain is positioned amino-terminally relative to the Fc region of the multispecific construct and the second antigen binding domain is positioned carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region of the multispecific construct. In particular embodiments of provided multispecific polypeptide constructs, at least one antigen binding domain is positioned carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region of the multispecific polypeptide construct. In some embodiments, the at least one antigen binding domain is a sdAb.
  • the at least one antigen binding domain that is a sdAb is positioned carboxy-terminally to the CD3 binding region of the multispecific construct. In some embodiments the at least one antigen binding domain that is a sdAb is positioned amino-terminally to the Fc region of the multispecific construct. In some embodiments the at least one antigen binding domain is a V H H. In some embodiments, the at least one antigen binding domain that is a V H H is positioned carboxy-terminally to the CD3 binding region of the multispecific construct. In some embodiments the at least one antigen binding domain that is a V H H is positioned amino-terminally to the Fc region of the multispecific construct.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct has the structural arrangement from N-terminus to C-terminus as follows: first antigen binding domain-LP1-immunoglobulin Fc polypeptide linker region (Fc region)-linker-anti-CD3 binding domain-LP2-second antigen binding domain. In some embodiments, the multispecific polypeptide construct has the structural arrangement from N-terminus to C-terminus as follows: second antigen binding domain-LP2-immunoglobulin Fc polypeptide linker region (Fc region)-linker-anti-CD3 binding domain (CD3 binding region)-LP1-first antigen binding domain.
  • the two linking peptides LP1 and LP2 are not identical to each other.
  • LP1 or LP2 is independently a peptide of about 1 to 20 amino acids in length.
  • LP1 or LP2 independently comprise a peptide that is or comprises any Gly-Ser linker as set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 10-13, 119, 135, 147, 149.
  • the multispecific construct is a construct having any of the structural arrangement shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the construct is a bispecific construct that has a structural arrangement from N-terminus to C-terminus as follows.
  • the N-terminal end of the bispecific construct includes a first antigen binding domain that binds a tumor associated antigen (TAA).
  • TAA tumor associated antigen
  • the first binding domain binds a first epitope on the TAA target.
  • Coupled to the first antigen binding domain is a central immunoglobulin Fc polypeptide region that regulates Fc ⁇ R interactions and/or FcRn interaction.
  • the central immunoglobulin Fc polypeptide region is heterodimeric.
  • the antigen binding domain is an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof selected from the group consisting of a Fab fragment, a F(ab′)2 fragment, an Fv fragment, a scFv, a scAb, a dAb, a single domain heavy chain antibody, and a single domain light chain antibody.
  • the each of the first antigen binding domain and the second antigen binding domain of the bispecific construct includes one or more copies of one or more single domain antibody (sdAb) fragments, for example V H H, V NAR , engineered V H or V K domains.
  • the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen-binding fragment comprises a VH CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence TYAMN (SEQ ID NO: 16); a VH CD2 comprising the amino acid sequence RIRSKYNNYATYYADSVKD (SEQ ID NO: 17); a VH CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence HGNFGNSYVSWFAY (SEQ ID NO: 18), a VL CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence RSSTGAVTTSNYAN (SEQ ID NO: 19); a VL CDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence GTNKRAP (SEQ ID NO: 20); and a VL CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence ALWYSNLWV (SEQ ID NO: 21).
  • the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen-binding fragment comprises a VH CDR1 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence GFTFNTYAMN (SEQ ID NO: 211); a VH CDR2 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence RIRSKYNNYATY (SEQ ID NO: 212); a VH CDR3 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence HGNFGNSYVSWFAY (SEQ ID NO: 18), a VL CDR1 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence GSSTGAVTTSNYAN (SEQ ID NO: 229); a VL CDR2 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence GTNKRAP (SEQ ID NO: 230); and a VL CDR3 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence ALWYSNHWV (SEQ ID NO: 225).
  • the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen-binding fragment comprises: a VH having the amino acid sequence of any of SEQ ID NOS: 14, 32-62, 196-198, and 211 or a sequence that exhibits at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% sequence identity to any of SEQ ID NOS: 14, 32-62, 196-198, and 211; and a VL having the amino acid sequence of any of SEQ ID NOS: 15, 63-81, 191, 199, 200, and 212 or a sequence that exhibits at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% sequence identity to any of SEQ ID NOS: 15, 63-81, 191, 199, 200, and 212.
  • the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen-binding fragment is an Fv.
  • the anti-CD3 Fv comprises: a VH having the amino acid sequence of any of SEQ ID NOS: 14, 32-43, 45-47, 48, 196 and 211 or a sequence that exhibits at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% sequence identity to any of SEQ ID NOS: 14, 32-43, 45-47, 48, 196 and 211; and a VL having the amino acid sequence of any of SEQ ID NOS: 15, 63, 65-71, 73, 75, 77, and 199 or a sequence that exhibits at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% sequence identity to any of SEQ ID NOS: 15, 63, 65-71, 73, 75, 77, and 199.
  • the multispecific construct also includes an agent conjugated to the multispecific construct.
  • the agent is a therapeutic agent.
  • the agent is a detectable moiety.
  • the detectable moiety is a diagnostic agent.
  • the agent is conjugated to the multispecific construct via a linker.
  • the linker is a non-cleavable linker.
  • the multispecific construct described herein is used in conjunction with one or more additional agents or a combination of additional agents.
  • additional agents include current pharmaceutical and/or surgical therapies for an intended application, such as, for example, cancer.
  • the multispecific construct can be used in conjunction with an additional chemotherapeutic or anti-neoplastic agent.
  • a polynucleotide comprising a first nucleic acid sequence encoding a first polypeptide of any of the provided multispecific constructs and a second nucleic acid sequence encoding a second polypeptide of the multispecific construct, wherein the first and second nucleic acid sequence are separated by an internal ribosome entry site (IRES), or a nucleic acid encoding a self-cleaving peptide or a peptide that causes ribosome skipping.
  • IRS internal ribosome entry site
  • the first nucleic acid sequence and second nucleic acid sequence are operably linked to the same promoter.
  • a method of producing a multispecific polypeptide construct comprising introducing into a cell any of the provided polynucleotides or vectors and culturing the cell under conditions to that lead to expression of the multispecific construct to produce the multispecific polypeptide construct.
  • a method of producing a multispecific polypeptide construct comprising culturing any of the provided cells under conditions in which the multispecific polypeptide is expressed or produced by the cell.
  • the cell is a mammalian cell.
  • the cell is a HEK293 or CHO cell.
  • the method further includes isolating or purifying the multispecific polypeptide construct from the cell.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct is a heterodimer.
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct of the disclosure used in any of the embodiments of these methods and uses can be used in a treatment regimen comprising neoadjuvant therapy.
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct of the disclosure used in any of the embodiments of these methods and uses can be administered either alone or in combination with one or more additional agents, including small molecule inhibitors, other antibody-based therapies, polypeptide or peptide-based therapies, nucleic acid-based therapies and/or other biologics.
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct is administered in combination with one or more additional agents such as, by way of non-limiting example, a chemotherapeutic agent, such as an alkylating agent, an anti-metabolite, an anti-microtubule agent, a topoisomerase inhibitor, a cytotoxic antibiotic, and any other nucleic acid damaging agent.
  • the additional agent is a taxane, such as paclitaxel (e.g., Abraxane®).
  • the additional agent is an anti-metabolite, such as gemcitabine.
  • the additional agent is an alkylating agent, such as platinum-based chemotherapy, such as carboplatin or cisplatin.
  • the additional agent is a targeted agent, such as a kinase inhibitor, e.g., sorafenib or erlotinib.
  • the additional agent(s) is a chemotherapeutic agent, such as a chemotherapeutic agent selected from the group consisting of docetaxel, paclitaxel, abraxane (i.e., albumin-conjugated paclitaxel), doxorubicin, oxaliplatin, carboplatin, cisplatin, irinotecan, and gemcitabine.
  • a chemotherapeutic agent selected from the group consisting of docetaxel, paclitaxel, abraxane (i.e., albumin-conjugated paclitaxel), doxorubicin, oxaliplatin, carboplatin, cisplatin, irinotecan, and gemcitabine.
  • the checkpoint inhibitor is an anti-CTLA4 antibody, an anti-PD-1 antibody, and an anti-PD-L1 antibody, and/or combinations thereof.
  • the checkpoint inhibitor is an anti-CTLA4 antibody such as, e.g., YervoyTM
  • the checkpoint inhibitor is an anti-PD-1 antibody such as, e.g., OpdivoTM and/or KeytrudaTM.
  • the inhibitor is ibrutinib. In some embodiments, the inhibitor is crizotinib. In some embodiments, the inhibitor is an IDO inhibitor. In some embodiments, the inhibitor is an ⁇ -CSF1R inhibitor. In some embodiments, the inhibitor is an ⁇ -CCR4 inhibitor. In some embodiments, the inhibitor is a TGF-beta. In some embodiments, the inhibitor is a myeloid-derived suppressor cell. In some embodiments, the inhibitor is a T-regulatory cell.
  • the agonist is OX40. In some embodiments, the agonist is GITR. In some embodiments, the agonist is CD137. In some embodiments, the agonist is CD28. In some embodiments, the agonist is ICOS. In some embodiments, the agonist is CD27. In some embodiments, the agonist is HVEM.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct is administered during and/or after treatment in combination with one or more additional agents such as, for example, a chemotherapeutic agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, and/or a an immunosuppressive agent.
  • additional agents such as, for example, a chemotherapeutic agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, and/or a an immunosuppressive agent.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct and the additional agent are formulated into a single therapeutic composition, and the multispecific polypeptide construct and additional agent are administered simultaneously.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct and additional agent are separate from each other, e.g., each is formulated into a separate therapeutic composition, and the multispecific polypeptide construct and the additional agent are administered simultaneously, or the multispecific polypeptide construct and the additional agent are administered at different times during a treatment regimen.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct and the additional agent(s) are administered simultaneously.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct and the additional agent(s) can be formulated in a single composition or administered as two or more separate compositions.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct and the additional agent(s) are administered sequentially, or the multispecific polypeptide construct and the additional agent are administered at different times during a treatment regimen.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct can contain additional elements such as, for example, amino acid sequence N- or C-terminal of the multispecific polypeptide construct.
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct can include a targeting moiety to facilitate delivery to a cell or tissue of interest.
  • Multispecific polypeptide construct can be conjugated to an agent, such as a therapeutic agent, a detectable moiety or a diagnostic agent. Examples of agents are disclosed herein.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct can also include any of the conjugated agents, linkers and other components described herein in conjunction with a multispecific polypeptide construct of the disclosure.
  • the disclosure also pertains to immunoconjugates comprising a multispecific polypeptide construct conjugated to a cytotoxic agent such as a toxin (e.g., an enzymatically active toxin of bacterial, fungal, plant, or animal origin, or fragments thereof), or a radioactive isotope (i.e., a radioconjugate).
  • a cytotoxic agent such as a toxin (e.g., an enzymatically active toxin of bacterial, fungal, plant, or animal origin, or fragments thereof), or a radioactive isotope (i.e., a radioconjugate).
  • cytotoxic agents for use in targeting diseased T cells such as in a T cell-derived lymphoma include, for example, dolastatins and derivatives thereof (e.g. auristatin E, AFP, MMAD, MMAF, MMAE).
  • the agent is a dolastatin.
  • the agent is an auristatin or derivative thereof. In some embodiments, the agent is a maytansinoid or maytansinoid derivative. In some embodiments, the agent is DM1 or DM4. In some embodiments, the agent is a duocarmycin or derivative thereof. In some embodiments, the agent is a calicheamicin or derivative thereof. In some embodiments, the agent is a pyrrolobenzodiazepine.
  • the linker between the multispecific polypeptide construct and the cytotoxic agent is cleavable. In some embodiments, the linker is non-cleavable. In some embodiments, two or more linkers are present. The two or more linkers are all the same, e.g., cleavable or non-cleavable, or the two or more linkers are different, e.g., at least one cleavable and at least one non-cleavable.
  • indications include bone disease or metastasis in cancer, regardless of primary tumor origin; breast cancer, including by way of non-limiting example, ER/PR+ breast cancer, Her2+ breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer; colorectal cancer; endometrial cancer; gastric cancer; glioblastoma; head and neck cancer, such as esophageal cancer; lung cancer, such as by way of non-limiting example, non-small cell lung cancer; multiple myeloma ovarian cancer; pancreatic cancer; prostate cancer; sarcoma, such as osteosarcoma; renal cancer, such as by way of nonlimiting example, renal cell carcinoma; and/or skin cancer, such as by way of nonlimiting example, squamous cell cancer, basal cell carcinoma, or melanoma.
  • breast cancer including by way of non-limiting example, ER/PR+ breast cancer, Her2+ breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer
  • colorectal cancer endometrial cancer
  • gastric cancer such as by way of non-limiting example,
  • the cancer is a squamous cell cancer. In some embodiments, the cancer is a skin squamous cell carcinoma. In some embodiments, the cancer is an esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. In some embodiments, the cancer is a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In some embodiments, the cancer is a lung squamous cell carcinoma.
  • compositions comprising any of the multispecific polypeptide constructs provided herein and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is sterile.
  • Pharmaceutical compositions according to the disclosure can include a multispecific polypeptide construct of the disclosure and a carrier. These pharmaceutical compositions can be included in kits, such as, for example, diagnostic kits.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic of the basic components of the multispecific polypeptide constructs of the present disclosure having constrained CD3 binding.
  • the antigen binding domain(s) are positioned at the amino and/or carboxy termini.
  • the Fc region such as a heterodimeric Fc region, is positioned N-terminal to the CD3 binding region. This positioning of the Fc in close proximity to the CD3 binding region obstructs CD3 binding.
  • the linker can be a non-cleavable linker as provided herein.
  • An exemplary anti-CD3 is a disulfide-stabilized Fv (dsFv) containing a variable light (VL) chain with the mutation G100C and a variable heavy (VH) chain with a mutation G44C.
  • dsFv disulfide-stabilized Fv
  • the CD3 binding domain When co-expressed the CD3 binding domain is properly assembled via the association of the VL:VH on the hole and knob, respectively.
  • the VH:VL interaction is stabilized by an engineered disulfide bond between the modified residues G44C in the VH domain and G100C in the VL domain.
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic of various B7H3-targeting constrained CD3 constructs composed of two polypeptides, Chain 1 and Chain 2.
  • Chain 1 contains a heterodimeric Fc “hole,” linked via a non-cleavable linker to an anti-CD3 VL domain modified at G100C linked to a co-stimulatory receptor targeting sdAb.
  • Chain 2 contains a BH73-targeting VH, an IgG Constant Heavy 1 (CH1) linked via a hinge to a second member of a heterodimeric Fc (Fc-Het-2), linked via the linker as above to an anti-CD3 VH domain that either lacks (top) or contains the modification of G44C (bottom).
  • Chain 3 contains a complementary B7H3-targeting VL domain linked to human Ig Constant Light (CL) region. When co-expressed the CD3 binding domain is properly assembled via the association of the VL:VH on the complimentary heterodimeric Fc regions. Where denoted the VH:VL interaction is stabilized by an engineered disulfide bond between the modified residues G44C in the VH domain and G100C in the VL domain.
  • the CD3 binding domain When co-expressed the CD3 binding domain is properly assembled via the association of the VL:VH on the hole and knob, respectively.
  • VH:VL interaction is stabilized by an engineered disulfide bond between the modified residues G44C in the VH domain and G100C in the VL domain.
  • the resulting constructs are engage DLL3 either in bivalent (top) or monovalent (middle and bottom) manner. All the constructs herein express contain a co-stimulatory receptor targeting sdAb.
  • FIG. 5A-D depict cellular binding by representative FRa-targeting constrained CD3 engaging constructs, cx1356 and cx681.
  • FIG. 5A and FIG. 5C show binding to Ovcar5 cells (a FR ⁇ positive ovarian cancer cell line).
  • FIG. 5B and FIG. 5D depict the lack of binding to T-cells.
  • FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B display histograms of the normalized cell counts vs fluorescence at 100 nM of each construct.
  • the secondary anti-human APC antibody only control is shown in the filled black trace, while the positive control anti-CD3 binding is shown in the open trace, and cx1356 and cx681 are shown in the gray shaded traces in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B .
  • the full titration of each construct on the various cell types are shown in FIG. 5C and FIG. 5D .
  • FIG. 6A-F depict cellular binding by representative B7H3-targeting constrained CD3 engaging constructs.
  • FIGS. 6A , C, and E show binding to A375 cells (a B7H3 positive human melanoma cell line).
  • FIGS. 6B , D, and F show the lack of binding to isolated T cells.
  • FIG. 7A-F depict the impact of linker length on the capacity to agonize CD3 in the presence of FR ⁇ positive IGROV1 cells ( FIG. 7A, 7C, 7E ), or FR ⁇ negative NCI-H460 cells ( FIG. 7B, 7D, 7F ).
  • FIG. 7A-B show the kinetics of CD3 signaling by 2 nM of various constructs on antigen positive and negative cells, respectively.
  • FIG. 7C-D show the magnitude of CD3 agonizing capacity by 2 nM of various constructs on antigen positive and negative cells, respectively.
  • FIG. 7E-F show the potency of CD3 agonizing capacity of various constructs with differing linker lengths on antigen positive and negative cells, respectively.
  • a Jurkat CD3 NFAT-GFP reporter cell line was used to assess CD3 signaling. Constrained CD3 binding proteins only effectively engage and cluster CD3 on T cells when bound to a second antigen on target cells.
  • FIG. 8A-D depict the ability of representative B7H3-targeting constrained CD3 engaging constructs to agonize CD3 in a target dependent manner.
  • FIG. 8A and FIG. 8C depict the capacity to mediate CD3 signaling in the presence of B7H3 positive A375 cells, while FIG. 8B and FIG. 8D show the inability to mediate CD3 signaling in the presence of B7H3 negative CCRF-CEM cells.
  • a Jurkat CD3 NFAT-GFP reporter cell line was used to assess CD3 agonism.
  • FIG. 9B shows the ability of cx5952 to induce T-cell mediated cytotoxicity in the presence of B7H3 positive A375 cells, but not in the presence of B7H3 negative CCRF-CEM cells.
  • FIGS. 10A and 10B depict the ability of representative B7H3-targeting constrained CD3 engaging constructs to induce T-cell mediated cytotoxicity in a target dependent manner.
  • FIG. 10A depicts the capacity of these constructs to induce T-cell mediated cytotoxicity in the presence of B7H3 positive A375 cells
  • FIG. 10B depicts the capacity of these constructs to induce T-cell mediated cytotoxicity in the presence of B7H3 negative CCRF-CEM cells. Cytotoxicity was assessed by determining the overlap area of red target cells and green dying cells.
  • FIGS. 11A-C depict the ability of a representative B7H3-targeting constrained CD3 engaging construct (cx5952) to induce T-cell mediated T-cell activation in a target dependent manner.
  • T-cell activation of CD4+ or CD8+ T cells was assessed by expression of the T cell activation markers CD25 ( FIG. 11A ), CD69 ( FIG. 11B ), and CD71 ( FIG. 11C ).
  • FIGS. 11D-11K depict the ability of representative B7H3-targeting constrained CD3 engaging constructs to induce T-cell activation in a target dependent manner.
  • B7H3-target-dependent CD4+ T-cell activation is shown by expression of the T cell activation markers CD25 ( FIG. 11D ) and CD71 ( FIG. 11F ).
  • B7H3-target-dependent CD8+ T-cell activation is shown by expression of the T cell activation markers CD25 ( FIG. 11H ) and CD71 ( FIG. 11J ).
  • T-cell activation was not observed in the absence of B7H3 positive cells, based on T cell activation marker CD25 as shown in CD4+ T cells ( FIG. 11E ) or CD8+ T cells ( FIG. 11I ) or based on T cell activation marker CD71 as shown in CD4+ T cells ( FIG. 11G ) or CD8+ T cells ( FIG. 11K )
  • FIG. 12A depicts the ability of representative B7H3-targeting constrained CD3 engaging constructs to induce IFN ⁇ production in a target dependent manner.
  • FIG. 12A shows the production of IFN ⁇ from T-cells cultured with B7H3 positive A375 cells and in the presence of B7H3 negative CCRF-CEM cells in the presence of the representative B7H3-targeting CD3 engaging constructs.
  • FIG. 12B depicts the ability of representative B7H3-targeting constrained CD3 engaging constructs to induce IFN ⁇ production in a target dependent manner.
  • FIG. 12B shows the production of IFN ⁇ from T-cells cultured with B7H3 positive A375 cells and in the presence of B7H3 negative CCRF-CEM cells in the presence of the representative B7H3-targeting CD3 engaging constructs.
  • FIGS. 13A and 13B depict cellular binding of representative B7H3-targeting constrained CD3 engaging constructs.
  • cx5187 and cx5823 each contain two B7H3 binding domains while complex cx5873 and cx5965 each contain one B7H3 binding domain.
  • FIG. 13A shows binding to B7H3 positive A375 cells.
  • FIG. 13B shows the lack of binding to B7H3 negative CCRF-CEM cells and isolated T-cells.
  • FIG. 13C and FIG. 13D depict the ability of representative B7H3-targeting constrained CD3 engaging constructs to agonize CD3 in a target dependent manner.
  • FIG. 13C shows that engaging B7H3 positive A375 cells with a construct hat is bivalent and bi-epitopic to B7H3 (cx5187) induced more potent CD3 signaling than constructs that are monovalent to B7H3 (cx5873 and cx5965).
  • FIG. 13D shows the lack of activation of T-cells in the presence of B7H3 negative CCRF-CEM cells.
  • a Jurkat CD3 NFAT-GFP reporter cell line was used to assess CD3 agonism.
  • FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B depict the ability of representative B7H3-targeting constrained CD3 engaging constructs to induce T-cell mediated cytotoxicity in a target dependent manner.
  • FIG. 14A shows that targeting B7H3 positive A375 cells with a construct that is bivalent and bi-epitopic to B7H3 (cx5187) induced more potent T-cell mediated cytotoxicity than constructs that are monovalent to B7H3 (cx5873 and cx5965).
  • FIG. 14B depicts the lack of T-cell mediated cytotoxicity against B7H3 negative CCRF-CEM cells.
  • FIGS. 16A and 16B demonstrate the ability of representative B7H3-targeting constrained CD3 engaging constructs to elicit T-cell mediated cytotoxicity in the presence of B7H3-positive A375 cells ( FIG. 16A ) but not in the presence of CCRF-CEM B7H3-negative cells ( FIG. 16B ).
  • the present disclosure provides constrained T-cell engaging fusion proteins in the form of multispecific polypeptide constructs that bind at least CD3 and a second antigen.
  • the multispecific polypeptide constructs provided herein include at least a first component that includes one or more copies of an antigen-binding domain that binds an antigen operably linked to an immunoglobulin Fc region, a second component that includes one or more copies of at least a binding domain that binds CD3 (referred to herein as an anti-CD3 binding domain or a CD3 binding region, which are terms that are used interchangeably herein), and a linker, such as a polypeptide linker, that joins the first component and the second component.
  • the antigen is a tumor associated antigen (TAA).
  • the linker is a non-cleavable linker. In some embodiments, the linker does not contain a substrate recognition site that is specifically recognized by a protease, such as a protease that is granzyme B, an MMP or matriptase.
  • a protease such as a protease that is granzyme B, an MMP or matriptase.
  • the provided multispecific polypeptide constructs exhibit constrained T-cell engaging activity because such constructs only substantially bind to CD3 once an antigen is bound via the antigen-binding domain.
  • This is exemplified in the Examples and Figures provided herein, which demonstrate the ability of constrained CD3-engaging proteins to efficiently bind TAA positive cells, while having little to no binding of T cells.
  • This unique property allows constrained CD3-engaging proteins to distribute to sites where TAA is present without binding to peripheral T cells.
  • This format is distinct from other CD3 engaging multispecific constructs, in that constitutive CD3 binding is disallowed or eliminated, providing a significant benefit by avoiding peripheral T-cell binding and permitting superior distribution to the site(s) where antigen is present as recognized by the antigen binding domain.
  • other CD3 engaging constructs mediate antigen-dependent T-cell activation.
  • the multispecific polypeptide constructs provided herein mediate both antigen dependent T-cell binding and activation.
  • the capacity to activate T-cells is greatly enhanced. Engagement of its cognate antigen by the antigen binding domain(s) within the multispecific polypeptide construct leads to subsequent T-cell engagement and mediates antigen-dependent T-cell activation, such as cytotoxicity, cytokine release, degranulation and proliferation.
  • the provided multispecific polypeptide constructs can be used to increase an immune response, such as to enhance T-cell activity, including cytolytic (or cytotoxic) T-cell activity.
  • the modulation of the immune response can, in some aspects, treat a disease or condition in a subject.
  • the one or more antigen binding domains bind an antigen on a tumor cell or a cell of the tumor microenvironment.
  • the provided multispecific polypeptide constructs can be used to increase immune responses, such as T-cell activity, e.g. cytotoxicity activity, against a tumor or cancer.
  • the provided multispecific polypeptide constructs can be used to treat a tumor or cancer in the subject.
  • the multispecific polypeptide constructs of the disclosure ensure that there will be no binding of T-cells via CD3 in peripheral blood, as the CD3 binding region of these constructs is constrained or otherwise blocked and/or inhibited by the presence of the Fc region.
  • the multispecific polypeptide constructs of the disclosure provide a number of advantages. In some aspects, these constructs limit the sink effect caused by binding all T-cells. In some aspects, these constructs reduce systemic toxicity.
  • the multispecific polypeptide constructs of the disclosure exhibit specificity for CD3 and one or more other antigen.
  • the multispecific polypeptide constructs can contain more than one antigen binding domain able to bind one or more TAA, such as 2, 3 or 4 antigen binding domains, see e.g. FIG. 1 .
  • the one or more antigen binding domains bind the same antigen.
  • the multispecific polypeptide constructs include more than one antigen binding domains that bind distinct epitopes on the same antigen.
  • the multispecific polypeptide constructs include more than one antigen binding domains that bind one or more distinct antigens.
  • the multispecific polypeptide constructs include more than one antigen binding domains that bind distinct epitopes on the same antigens as well as include additional antigen binding domains that bind to one or more distinct antigens.
  • the provided multispecific polypeptide constructs are bispecific polypeptide constructs, such that they are able to bind to CD3 and to another antigen, such as a TAA, via binding of the antigen-binding domain of the multispecific polypeptide construct.
  • the provided multispecific polypeptide constructs are bispecific polypeptide constructs that provide multivalent engagement of one or more TAA through the use of a first antigen-binding domain and a second antigen-binding domain.
  • the bispecific polypeptide constructions include a first antigen-binding single domain antibody (sdAb) and a second antigen-binding sdAb.
  • the constrained CD3 engaging constructs are amenable for use with any TAA-binding domain, allowing better therapeutic exposure within the tumor or tumor-microenvironment by avoiding interactions with peripheral T-cells and mediating potent TAA-dependent T-cell cytotoxicity.
  • the second portion or component contains a CD3 binding region that is monovalent to CD3, such that there will be no activation of T-cell unless there is TAA present.
  • the multispecific polypeptide constructs of the disclosure provide a number of advantages over current bispecific therapeutics.
  • the multispecific polypeptide constructs of the disclosure are smaller than a conventional therapeutic antibody, e.g., 150 kDa vs. 125 kDa, which will allow for better target, e.g. tumor, penetration.
  • the size of the entire multispecific polypeptide construct provides long half-life for the construct.
  • the multispecific polypeptide constructs of the disclosure exhibit reduced systemic toxicity or toxicity of any area outside the tumor and/or tumor microenvironment, since CD3 binding by the CD3 binding region depends on TAA engagement before CD3 engagement will occur.
  • Standard techniques are used for recombinant DNA, oligonucleotide synthesis, and tissue culture and transformation (e.g., electroporation, lipofection). Enzymatic reactions and purification techniques are performed according to manufacturer's specifications or as commonly accomplished in the art or as described herein. The foregoing techniques and procedures are generally performed according to conventional methods well known in the art and as described in various general and more specific references that are cited and discussed throughout the present specification. See e.g., Sambrook et al. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual (2d ed., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. (1989)).
  • antibody refers to immunoglobulin molecules and antigen-binding portions of immunoglobulin (Ig) molecules, i.e., molecules that contain an antigen binding site that specifically binds (immunoreacts with) an antigen.
  • Ig immunoglobulin
  • bind or “immunoreacts with” or “immunospecifically bind” is meant that the antibody reacts with one or more antigenic determinants of the desired antigen and does not react with other polypeptides or binds at much lower affinity (K d >10 ⁇ 6 ).
  • Antibodies include, but are not limited to, polyclonal, monoclonal, chimeric, fully human, domain antibody, single chain, Fab, and F(ab′) 2 fragments, Fvs, scFvs, and a Fab expression library.
  • an “antigen-binding fragment” contains at least one CDR of an immunoglobulin heavy and/or light chain that binds to at least one epitope of the antigen of interest.
  • an antigen-binding fragment may comprise 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or all 6 CDRs of a variable heavy chain (VH) and variable light chain (VL) sequence from antibodies that bind the antigen, such as generally six CDRs for an antibody containing a VH and a VL (“CDR1,” “CDR2” and “CDR3” for each of a heavy and light chain), or three CDRs for an antibody containing a single variable domain.
  • Antigen binding fragments include single domain antibodies, such as those only containing a VH or only containing a VL, including, for example, V H H, V NAR , engineered V H or V K domains.
  • the basic antibody structural unit is known to comprise a tetramer.
  • Each tetramer is composed of two identical pairs of polypeptide chains, each pair having one “light” (about 25 kDa) and one “heavy” chain (about 50-70 kDa).
  • the amino-terminal portion of each chain includes a variable region of about 100 to 110 or more amino acids primarily responsible for antigen recognition.
  • the carboxy-terminal portion of each chain defines a constant region primarily responsible for effector function.
  • antibody molecules obtained from humans relate to any of the classes IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE and IgD, which differ from one another by the nature of the heavy chain present in the molecule.
  • the light chain may be a kappa chain or a lambda chain.
  • mAb monoclonal antibody
  • CDRs complementarity determining regions
  • antigen binding site refers to the part of the immunoglobulin molecule that participates in antigen binding.
  • the antigen binding site is formed by amino acid residues of the N-terminal variable (“V”) regions of the heavy (“H”) and light (“L”) chains.
  • V N-terminal variable
  • L light
  • hypervariable regions Three highly divergent stretches within the V regions of the heavy and light chains, referred to as “hypervariable regions,” are interposed between more conserved flanking stretches known as “framework regions,” or “FRs”.
  • FR refers to amino acid sequences that are naturally found between, and adjacent to, hypervariable regions in immunoglobulins.
  • the three hypervariable regions of a light chain and the three hypervariable regions of a heavy chain are disposed relative to each other in three dimensional space to form an antigen-binding surface.
  • the antigen-binding surface is complementary to the three-dimensional surface of a bound antigen, and the three hypervariable regions of each of the heavy and light chains are referred to as “complementarity-determining regions,” or “CDRs.”
  • CDRs complementarity-determining regions
  • epitope includes any specific portion of an antigen targeted by an antibody, antibody fragment or other binding domain.
  • the term “epitope” includes any protein region to which specific binding is directed.
  • the term “epitope” includes any protein determinant capable of specific binding to an immunoglobulin or T-cell receptor.
  • Epitopic determinants usually consist of chemically active surface groupings of molecules such as amino acids or sugar side chains and usually have specific three dimensional structural characteristics, as well as specific charge characteristics.
  • antibodies may be raised against N-terminal, central, or C-terminal peptides of a polypeptide.
  • antibodies may be raised against linear or discontinuous epitopes of a polypeptide.
  • An antibody is said to specifically bind an antigen when the dissociation constant is ⁇ 1 ⁇ M; for example, in some embodiments ⁇ 100 nM and in some embodiments, ⁇ 10 nM and does not display binding to other proteins either closely related or distinct.
  • the terms “specific binding,” “immunological binding,” and “immunological binding properties” refer to the non-covalent interactions of the type that occur between an immunoglobulin molecule and an antigen for which the immunoglobulin is specific.
  • the strength, or affinity of immunological binding interactions can be expressed in terms of the dissociation constant (K d ) of the interaction, wherein a smaller K d represents a greater affinity.
  • Immunological binding properties of selected polypeptides can be quantified using methods well known in the art. One such method entails measuring the rates of antigen-binding site/antigen complex formation and dissociation, wherein those rates depend on the concentrations of the complex partners, the affinity of the interaction, and geometric parameters that equally influence the rate in both directions.
  • both the “on rate constant” (K m ) and the “off rate constant” (K off ) can be determined by calculation of the concentrations and the actual rates of association and dissociation. (See Nature 361:186-87 (1993)). The ratio of K off /K on enables the cancellation of all parameters not related to affinity and is equal to the dissociation constant K d . (See, generally, Davies et al. (1990) Annual Rev Biochem 59:439-473).
  • An antibody of the present disclosure is said to specifically bind to EGFR, when the binding constant (K d ) is ⁇ 1 ⁇ M, for example, in some embodiments ⁇ 100 nM, in some embodiments 10 nM, and in some embodiments ⁇ 100 ⁇ M to about 1 ⁇ M, as measured by assays such as radioligand binding assays or similar assays known to those skilled in the art.
  • K d binding constant
  • isolated polynucleotide shall mean a polynucleotide of genomic, cDNA, or synthetic origin or some combination thereof, which by virtue of its origin the “isolated polynucleotide” (1) is not associated with all or a portion of a polynucleotide in which the “isolated polynucleotide” is found in nature, (2) is operably linked to a polynucleotide that it is not linked to in nature, or (3) does not occur in nature as part of a larger sequence.
  • Polynucleotides in accordance with the disclosure include the nucleic acid molecules encoding the heavy chain immunoglobulin molecules shown herein, and nucleic acid molecules encoding the light chain immunoglobulin molecules shown herein.
  • isolated protein means a protein of cDNA, recombinant RNA, or synthetic origin or some combination thereof, which by virtue of its origin, or source of derivation, the “isolated protein” (1) is not associated with proteins found in nature, (2) is free of other proteins from the same source, e.g., free of murine proteins, (3) is expressed by a cell from a different species, or (4) does not occur in nature.
  • polypeptide is used herein as a generic term to refer to native protein, fragments, or analogs of a polypeptide sequence. Hence, native protein fragments, and analogs are species of the polypeptide genus.
  • Polypeptides in accordance with the disclosure comprise the heavy chain immunoglobulin molecules shown herein, and the light chain immunoglobulin molecules shown herein, as well as antibody molecules formed by combinations comprising the heavy chain immunoglobulin molecules with light chain immunoglobulin molecules, such as kappa light chain immunoglobulin molecules, and vice versa, as well as fragments and analogs thereof.
  • naturally-occurring refers to the fact that an object can be found in nature.
  • a polypeptide or polynucleotide sequence that is present in an organism (including viruses) that can be isolated from a source in nature and that has not been intentionally modified by man in the laboratory or otherwise is naturally-occurring.
  • operably linked refers to positions of components so described are in a relationship permitting them to function in their intended manner.
  • a control sequence “operably linked” to a coding sequence is ligated in such a way that expression of the coding sequence is achieved under conditions compatible with the control sequences.
  • control sequence refers to polynucleotide sequences that are necessary to effect the expression and processing of coding sequences to which they are ligated. The nature of such control sequences differs depending upon the host organism in prokaryotes, such control sequences generally include promoter, ribosomal binding site, and transcription termination sequence in eukaryotes, generally, such control sequences include promoters and transcription termination sequence.
  • control sequences is intended to include, at a minimum, all components whose presence is essential for expression and processing, and can also include additional components whose presence is advantageous, for example, leader sequences and fusion partner sequences.
  • polynucleotide as referred to herein means nucleotides of at least 10 bases in length, either ribonucleotides or deoxynucleotides or a modified form of either type of nucleotide.
  • the term includes single and double stranded forms of DNA.
  • oligonucleotide includes naturally occurring, and modified nucleotides linked together by naturally occurring, and non-naturally occurring oligonucleotide linkages.
  • Oligonucleotides are a polynucleotide subset generally comprising a length of 200 bases or fewer. In some embodiments, oligonucleotides are 10 to 60 bases in length, for example, in some embodiments, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 to 40 bases in length. Oligonucleotides are usually single stranded, e.g., for probes, although oligonucleotides may be double stranded, e.g., for use in the construction of a gene mutant. Oligonucleotides of the disclosure are either sense or antisense oligonucleotides.
  • nucleotides includes deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides.
  • modified nucleotides referred to herein includes nucleotides with modified or substituted sugar groups and the like.
  • oligonucleotide linkages includes oligonucleotide linkages such as phosphorothioate, phosphorodithioate, phosphoroselerloate, phosphorodiselenoate, phosphoroanilothioate, phoshoraniladate, phosphoronmidate, and the like. See e.g., LaPlanche et al. Nucl. Acids Res.
  • oligonucleotide can include a label for detection, if desired.
  • Examples of unconventional amino acids include: 4 hydroxyproline, ⁇ -carboxyglutamate, ⁇ -N,N,N-trimethyllysine, ⁇ -N-acetyllysine, O-phosphoserine, N-acetylserine, N-formylmethionine, 3-methylhistidine, 5-hydroxylysine, ⁇ -N-methylarginine, and other similar amino acids and imino acids (e.g., 4-hydroxyproline).
  • the left-hand direction is the amino terminal direction and the right-hand direction is the carboxy-terminal direction, in accordance with standard usage and convention.
  • the left-hand end of single-stranded polynucleotide sequences is the 5′ end the left-hand direction of double-stranded polynucleotide sequences is referred to as the 5′ direction.
  • the direction of 5′ to 3′ addition of nascent RNA transcripts is referred to as the transcription direction sequence regions on the DNA strand having the same sequence as the RNA and that are 5′ to the 5′ end of the RNA transcript are referred to as “upstream sequences”, sequence regions on the DNA strand having the same sequence as the RNA and that are 3′ to the 3′ end of the RNA transcript are referred to as “downstream sequences”.
  • the term “substantial identity” means that two peptide sequences, when optimally aligned, such as by the programs GAP or BESTFIT using default gap weights, share at least 80 percent sequence identity, for example, in some embodiments, at least 90 percent sequence identity, in some embodiments, at least 95 percent sequence identity, and in some embodiments, at least 99 percent sequence identity.
  • residue positions that are not identical differ by conservative amino acid substitutions.
  • amino acid sequences of antibodies or immunoglobulin molecules are contemplated as being encompassed by the present disclosure, providing that the variations in the amino acid sequence maintain at least 75%, for example, in some embodiments, at least 80%, 90%, 95%, and in some embodiments 99%.
  • conservative amino acid replacements are contemplated. Conservative replacements are those that take place within a family of amino acids that are related in their side chains.
  • amino acids are generally divided into families: (1) acidic amino acids are aspartate, glutamate; (2) basic amino acids are lysine, arginine, histidine; (3) non-polar amino acids are alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline, phenylalanine, methionine, tryptophan, and (4) uncharged polar amino acids are glycine, asparagine, glutamine, cysteine, serine, threonine, tyrosine.
  • the hydrophilic amino acids include arginine, asparagine, aspartate, glutamine, glutamate, histidine, lysine, serine, and threonine.
  • the hydrophobic amino acids include alanine, cysteine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, tryptophan, tyrosine and valine.
  • Other families of amino acids include (i) serine and threonine, which are the aliphatic-hydroxy family; (ii) asparagine and glutamine, which are the amide containing family; (iii) alanine, valine, leucine and isoleucine, which are the aliphatic family; and (iv) phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine, which are the aromatic family.
  • amino- and carboxy-termini of fragments or analogs occur near boundaries of functional domains.
  • Structural and functional domains can be identified by comparison of the nucleotide and/or amino acid sequence data to public or proprietary sequence databases. Computerized comparison methods are used to identify sequence motifs or predicted protein conformation domains that occur in other proteins of known structure and/or function. Methods to identify protein sequences that fold into a known three-dimensional structure are known. Bowie et al. Science 253:164 (1991). Thus, the foregoing examples demonstrate that those of skill in the art can recognize sequence motifs and structural conformations that may be used to define structural and functional domains in accordance with the disclosure.
  • amino acid substitutions are those that: (1) reduce susceptibility to proteolysis, (2) reduce susceptibility to oxidation, (3) alter binding affinity for forming protein complexes, (4) alter binding affinities, and (4) confer or modify other physicochemical or functional properties of such analogs.
  • Analogs can include various muteins of a sequence other than the naturally-occurring peptide sequence. For example, single or multiple amino acid substitutions (for example, conservative amino acid substitutions) may be made in the naturally-occurring sequence (for example, in the portion of the polypeptide outside the domain(s) forming intermolecular contacts.
  • a conservative amino acid substitution should not substantially change the structural characteristics of the parent sequence (e.g., a replacement amino acid should not tend to break a helix that occurs in the parent sequence, or disrupt other types of secondary structure that characterizes the parent sequence).
  • Examples of art-recognized polypeptide secondary and tertiary structures are described in Proteins, Structures and Molecular Principles (Creighton, Ed., W. H. Freeman and Company, New York (1984)); Introduction to Protein Structure (C. Branden and J. Tooze, eds., Garland Publishing, New York, N.Y. (1991)); and Thornton et at. Nature 354:105 (1991).
  • polypeptide fragment refers to a polypeptide that has an amino terminal and/or carboxy-terminal deletion and/or one or more internal deletion(s), but where the remaining amino acid sequence is identical to the corresponding positions in the naturally-occurring sequence deduced, for example, from a full length cDNA sequence. Fragments typically are at least 5, 6, 8 or 10 amino acids long, for example, in some embodiments, at least 14 amino acids long, in some embodiments, at least 20 amino acids long, usually at least 50 amino acids long, and in some embodiments, at least 70 amino acids long.
  • analog refers to polypeptides that are comprised of a segment of at least 25 amino acids that has substantial identity to a portion of a deduced amino acid sequence and that has specific binding to EGFR, under suitable binding conditions.
  • polypeptide analogs comprise a conservative amino acid substitution (or addition or deletion) with respect to the naturally-occurring sequence.
  • Analogs typically are at least 20 amino acids long, for example, in some embodiments, at least 50 amino acids long or longer, and can often be as long as a full-length naturally-occurring polypeptide.
  • agent is used herein to denote a chemical compound, a mixture of chemical compounds, a biological macromolecule, or an extract made from biological materials.
  • label refers to incorporation of a detectable marker, e.g., by incorporation of a radiolabeled amino acid or attachment to a polypeptide of biotinyl moieties that can be detected by marked avidin (e.g., streptavidin containing a fluorescent marker or enzymatic activity that can be detected by optical or calorimetric methods). In certain situations, the label or marker can also be therapeutic. Various methods of labeling polypeptides and glycoproteins are known in the art and may be used.
  • labels for polypeptides include, but are not limited to, the following: radioisotopes or radionuclides (e.g., 3 H, 14 C, 15 N, 35 S, 90 Y, 99 Tc, 111 In, 125 I, 131 I), fluorescent labels (e.g., a fluorophore, rhodamine, lanthanide phosphors), enzymatic labels (e.g., horseradish peroxidase, p-galactosidase, luciferase, alkaline phosphatase), chemiluminescent, biotinyl groups, predetermined polypeptide epitopes recognized by a secondary reporter (e.g., leucine zipper pair sequences, binding sites for secondary antibodies, metal binding domains, epitope tags).
  • radioisotopes or radionuclides e.g., 3 H, 14 C, 15 N, 35 S, 90 Y, 99 Tc, 111 In, 125 I,
  • labels are attached by spacer arms of various lengths to reduce potential steric hindrance.
  • pharmaceutical agent or drug refers to a chemical compound or composition capable of inducing a desired therapeutic effect when properly administered to a patient.
  • composition refers to any mixture of two or more products, substances, or compounds, including cells. It may be a solution, a suspension, liquid, powder, a paste, aqueous, non-aqueous or any combination thereof.
  • composition refers to a composition suitable for pharmaceutical use in a mammalian subject, often a human.
  • a pharmaceutical composition typically comprises an effective amount of an active agent (e.g., multispecific polypeptide construct) and a carrier, excipient, or diluent.
  • the carrier, excipient, or diluent is typically a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent, respectively.
  • treating means slowing, stopping or reversing the disease or disorders progression, as evidenced by decreasing, cessation or elimination of either clinical or diagnostic symptoms, by administration of a pharmaceutical composition of the disclosure either alone or in combination with another compound as described herein.
  • Treating also means a decrease in the severity of symptoms in an acute or chronic disease or disorder or a decrease in the relapse rate.
  • the terms “treatment” or, “inhibit,” “inhibiting” or “inhibition” of cancer refers to at least one of: a statistically significant decrease in the rate of tumor growth, a cessation of tumor growth, or a reduction in the size, mass, metabolic activity, or volume of the tumor, as measured by standard criteria such as, but not limited to, the Response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumors (RECIST), or a statistically significant increase in progression free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS).
  • RECIST Response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumors
  • PFS progression free survival
  • OS overall survival
  • Preventing,” “prophylaxis,” or “prevention” of a disease or disorder refers to administration of a pharmaceutical composition, either alone or in combination with another compound, to prevent the occurrence or onset of a disease or disorder or some or all of the symptoms of a disease or disorder or to lessen the likelihood of the onset of a disease or disorder.
  • an effective amount refers to a quantity and/or concentration of a composition that when administered into a patient either alone (i.e., as a monotherapy) or in combination with additional therapeutic agents, yields a statistically significant decrease in disease progression as, for example, by ameliorating or eliminating symptoms and/or the cause of the disease.
  • An effective amount may be an amount that relieves, lessens, or alleviates at least one symptom or biological response or effect associated with a disease or disorder, prevents progression of the disease or disorder, or improves physical functioning of the patient.
  • substantially pure means an object species is the predominant species present (i.e., on a molar basis it is more abundant than any other individual species in the composition), and a substantially purified fraction is a composition wherein the object species comprises at least about 50 percent (on a molar basis) of all macromolecular species present.
  • a substantially pure composition will comprise more than about 80 percent of all macromolecular species present in the composition, for example, in some embodiments, more than about 85%, 90%, 95%, and 99%.
  • the object species is purified to essential homogeneity (contaminant species cannot be detected in the composition by conventional detection methods) wherein the composition consists essentially of a single macromolecular species.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct contains in order, from N-terminus to C-terminus: an immunoglobulin Fc region; a linker; a CD3 binding region that binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ ); and an antigen binding domain that binds a tumor-associated antigen (TAA).
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct contains in order, from N-terminus to C-terminus: an antigen binding domain that binds to a tumor-associated antigen (TAA); an immunoglobulin Fc region; a linker; and a CD3 binding region that binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ ).
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct contains at least a first antigen binding domain that binds a TAA and a second antigen binding domain that binds a TAA.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct contains, in order, from N-terminus to C-terminus: a first antigen binding domain that binds to a tumor-associated antigen (TAA); an immunoglobulin Fc region; a linker; a CD3 binding region that binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ ); and a second antigen binding domain that binds a tumor-associated antigen (TAA).
  • the multispecific polypeptide constructs of the disclosure include one or more copies of an anti-CD3 binding domain.
  • the anti-CD3 binding domains of the disclosure activate T cells via engagement of CD3 ⁇ on the T cells.
  • the anti-CD3 binding domains of the disclosure agonize, stimulate, activate, and/or otherwise augment CD3-mediated T cell activation.
  • Biological activities of CD3 include, for example, T cell activation and other signaling through interaction between CD3 and the antigen-binding subunits of the T-Cell Receptor (TCR).
  • TCR T-Cell Receptor
  • the anti-CD3 binding domains of the disclosure completely or partially activate T cells via engagement of CD3 ⁇ on T cells by partially or completely modulating, e.g., agonizing, stimulating, activating or otherwise augmenting CD3-mediated T cell activation.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes a combination of a VL CDR1 sequence, a VL CDR2 sequence, and a VL CDR3 sequence, wherein at least one of the VL CDR1 sequence, the VL CDR2 sequence, and the VL CDR3 sequence is selected from a VL CDR1 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence RSSTGAVTTSNYAN (SEQ ID NO: 19); a VL CDR2 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence GTNKRAP (SEQ ID NO: 20); and a VL CDR3 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence ALWYSNLWV (SEQ ID NO: 21).
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes a VH CDR1 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence GFTFNTYAMN (SEQ ID NO: 211); a VH CDR2 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence RIRSKYNNYATY (SEQ ID NO: 212); a VH CDR3 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence HGNFGNSYVSWFAY (SEQ ID NO: 18), a VL CDR1 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence RSSTGAVTTSNYAN (SEQ ID NO: 19); a VL CDR2 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence GTNKRAP (SEQ ID NO: 20); and a VL CDR3 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence ALWYSNLWV (SEQ ID NO: 21).
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes a combination of a VH CDR1 sequence, a VH CDR2 sequence, and a VH CDR3 sequence, wherein at least one of the VH CDR1 sequence, the VH CDR2 sequence, and the VH CDR3 sequence is selected from a VH CDR1 sequence that includes a sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence GFTFNTYAMN (SEQ ID NO: 211); a VH CDR2 sequence that includes a sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence RIRSKYNNYATY (SEQ ID NO: 212); and a VH CDR3 sequence that includes a sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 9
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes a combination of a VL CDR1 sequence, a VL CDR2 sequence, and a VL CDR3 sequence, wherein at least one of the VL CDR1 sequence, the VL CDR2 sequence, and the VL CDR3 sequence is selected from a VL CDR1 sequence that includes a sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence RSSTGAVTTSNYAN (SEQ ID NO: 19); a VL CDR2 sequence that includes a sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence GTNKRAP (SEQ ID NO: 20); and a VL CDR3 sequence that includes a sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes a VH CDR1 sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence GFTFNTYAMN (SEQ ID NO: 211); a VH CDR2 sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence RIRSKYNNYATY (SEQ ID NO: 212); a VH CDR3 sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence HGNFGNSYVSWFAY (SEQ ID NO: 18), a VL CDR1 sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence RSS
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes a VH CDR1 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence GFTSTYAMN (SEQ ID NO: 227); a VH CDR2 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence RIRSKYNNYATY (SEQ ID NO: 228); a VH CDR3 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence HGNFGDSYVSWFAY (SEQ ID NO: 224), a VL CDR1 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence GSSTGAVTTSNYAN (SEQ ID NO: 229); a VL CDR2 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence GTNKRAP (SEQ ID NO: 230); and a VL CDR3 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence ALWYSNHWV (SEQ ID NO: 225).
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes a CDR3 that includes at least amino acids VLWYSNRWV (SEQ ID NO:226). In some embodiments, the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes a CDR3 that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acids VLWYSNRWV (SEQ ID NO:226).
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes one or more copies of an antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof selected from the group consisting of a Fab fragment, a F(ab) 2 fragment, an Fv fragment, a scFv, a scAb, a dAb, a single domain heavy chain antibody, and a single domain light chain antibody.
  • the anti-CD3 binding domain includes an Fv antibody fragment that binds CD3 ⁇ (referred to herein as an anti-CD3 ⁇ Fv fragment).
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ Fv antibody fragment is a disulfide stabilized anti-CD3 binding Fv fragment (dsFv).
  • the anti-CD3 binding domain is monovalent for binding CD3.
  • the CD3 binding region is not a single chain antibody.
  • the CD3 binding region is not a single chain variable fragment (scFv).
  • the CD3 binding region is an Fv antibody fragment containing a variable heavy chain (Hv, also called VH) and variable light chain (Lv, also called VL), such as any as described.
  • the immunoglobulin Fc region is a heterodimeric Fc region containing two different Fc polypeptides capable of heterodimeric association between both polypeptides of the Fc heterodimer, such as any as described in Section 11.2.
  • the variable heavy chain (VH) and variable light chain (VL) of the CD3 binding region are linked on opposite chains of the heterodimeric Fc.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ Fv antibody fragment includes an amino acid sequence selected from the group of SEQ ID NO: 32-81. In some embodiments, the anti-CD3 ⁇ Fv antibody fragment includes an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 32-81. In some embodiments, the anti-CD3 ⁇ Fv antibody fragment includes a combination of an amino acid sequence selected from the group of SEQ ID NO: 32-62 and an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 63-81.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ Fv antibody fragment includes a combination of an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 32-62 and an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 63-81 an amino acid sequence.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a combination of a heavy chain variable region amino acid sequence and a light chain variable region amino acid sequence comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group of SEQ ID NO: 32-81. In some embodiments, the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a combination of a heavy chain variable region amino acid sequence selected from the group of SEQ ID NO: 32-62 and a light chain variable region amino acid sequence comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group of SEQ ID NO: 63-81.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof is an Fv fragment that includes a combination of heavy chain variable amino acid sequence and a light chain variable amino acid sequence comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 14, 15, 32-81, 191, 196-200, 211, and 212.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof is an Fv fragment that includes a combination of heavy chain variable amino acid sequence selected from the group of SEQ ID NO: 14, 32-62, 196-198, and 211 and light chain variable amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 15, 63-81, 191, 199, 200, and 212.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof is an Fv fragment that includes a combination of heavy chain variable amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 14, 32-62, 196-198, and 211 and a light chain variable amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 15, 63-81, 191, 199, 200, and 212.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a combination of a heavy chain variable region amino acid sequence and a light chain variable region amino acid sequence comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group of SEQ ID NO: 32-81, 191, 196-200, 211, and 212.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a combination of a heavy chain variable region amino acid sequence selected from the group of SEQ ID NO: 32-62, 196-198, and 211 and a light chain variable region amino acid sequence comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group of SEQ ID NO: 63-81, 191, 199, 200, and 212.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ Fv antibody fragment includes a combination of an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 14, 32-43, 45-47, 48, 196 and 211 and an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 15, 63, 65-71, 73, 75, 77, and 199.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ Fv antibody fragment includes a combination of an amino acid sequence selected from the group of SEQ ID NO: 14, 32-43, 45-47, 48, 196 and 211 and an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 15, 63, 65-71, 73, 75, 77, and 199.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 14.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes a variable light chain (VL) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 15.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 14 and a variable light chain (VL) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 15.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 14.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes a variable light chain (VL) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 15. In some embodiments, the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 14 and a variable light chain (VL) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 15.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 196.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes a variable light chain (VL) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 199.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 196 and a variable light chain (VL) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 199.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 196.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes a variable light chain (VL) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 199.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 196 and a variable light chain (VL) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 199.
  • the Fv is a disulfide stabilized Fv fragment (dsFv) in which the V H -V L heterodimer is stabilized by an interchain disulfide bond.
  • the interchain disulfide bond is engineered by mutation of position in framework positions of the VH and/or VL chain.
  • the disulfide stabilized anti-CD3 Fv comprises an anti-CD3 VH with the mutation 44 to Cys and an anti-CD3 VL with the mutation 100 to Cys by Kabat numbering.
  • the VH chain contains the mutation G44C and the VL chain contains the mutation G100C, each by kabat numbering.
  • the disulfide stabilized anti-CD3 Fv comprises an anti-CD3 VH with the mutation at position 105 to Cys and an anti-CD3 VL with the mutation position 43 to Cys by Kabat numbering.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ Fv antibody fragment includes a combination of an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 44, 49-62, 197 and 198 and an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 64, 72, 74, 76, 78-81, 191, 200 and 212.
  • the anti-CD3 Fv is a dsFv that has a VH chain containing the mutation G44C and a VL chain containing the mutation G100C, each by kabat numbering.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ Fv antibody fragment includes a combination of an amino acid sequence selected from the group of SEQ ID NO: 44, 49-62, 197 and 198 and an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 64, 72, 74, 76, 78-81, 191, 200 and 212.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 44.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes a variable light chain (VL) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 72.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 44 and a variable light chain (VL) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 72.
  • VH variable heavy chain
  • VL variable light chain
  • the anti-CD3 Fv is a dsFv that has a VH chain containing the mutation G44C and a VL chain containing the mutation G100C, each by kabat numbering.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 44.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes a variable light chain (VL) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 72.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 44 and a variable light chain (VL) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 72.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 198.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes a variable light chain (VL) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 200.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 198 and a variable light chain (VL) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 200.
  • VH variable heavy chain
  • VL variable light chain
  • the anti-CD3 Fv is a dsFv that has a VH chain containing the mutation G44C and a VL chain containing the mutation G100C, each by kabat numbering.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 198.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes a variable light chain (VL) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 200.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 198 and a variable light chain (VL) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 200.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 197.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes a variable light chain (VL) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 200.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 197 and a variable light chain (VL) comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 200.
  • VH variable heavy chain
  • VL variable light chain
  • the anti-CD3 Fv is a dsFv that has a VH chain containing the mutation G44C and a VL chain containing the mutation G100C, each by kabat numbering.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 197.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain includes a variable light chain (VL) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 200.
  • the anti-CD3 ⁇ binding domain thereof includes a variable heavy chain (VH) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 197 and a variable light chain (VL) comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 200.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct is a dimer formed by polypeptides, each containing an Fc.
  • identical or substantially identical polypeptides will be dimerized to create a homodimer.
  • the dimer is a homodimer in which the two polypeptides of the multispecific polypeptide construct are the same.
  • the Fc region is formed by Fc domains that are mutated or modified to promote heterodimerization in which different polypeptides can be dimerized to yield a heterodimer.
  • the dimer is a heterodimer in which two polypeptide chains of the multispecific polypeptide construct are different. Exemplary modifications to promote heterodimerization are known, including any as described below.
  • the Fc region of the provided multispecific polypeptide constructs exhibit one or more effector functions.
  • the Fc region is capable of providing Fc-mediated effector functions, such as for example, ADCC (e.g., release of granzyme B by NK cells), ADCP, and/or CDC.
  • ADCC e.g., release of granzyme B by NK cells
  • ADCP e.g., release of granzyme B by NK cells
  • CDC e.g., release of granzyme B by NK cells
  • CDC e.g., granzyme B by NK cells
  • CDC e.g., release of granzyme B by NK cells
  • CDC e.g., release of granzyme B by NK cells
  • CDC e.g., release of granzyme B by NK cells
  • CDC e.g., release of granzyme B by NK cells
  • CDC e.g., release of gran
  • EU numbering is known and is according to the most recently updated IMGT Scientific Chart (IMGT®, the international ImMunoGeneTics information System®, http://www.imgt.org/IMGTScientificChart/Numbering/Hu_IGHGnber.html (created: 17 May 2001, last updated: 10 Jan. 2013) and the EU index as reported in Kabat, E. A. et al. Sequences of Proteins of Immunological interest. 5th ed. US Department of Health and Human Services, NIH publication No. 91-3242 (1991).
  • NK cells express Fc ⁇ RIII only, whereas monocytes express Fc ⁇ RI, Fc ⁇ RII and Fc ⁇ RIII.
  • in vitro assays to assess ADCC activity of a molecule of interest is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,500,362 (see, e.g., Hellstrom, I. et al. Proc. Nat'l Acad. Sci. USA 83:7059-7063 (1986)) and Hellstrom, I et al., Proc. Nat'l Acad. Sci. USA 82:1499-1502 (1985); U.S. Pat. No. 5,821,337 (see Bruggemann, M. et al., J.
  • non-radioactive assay methods may be employed (see, for example, ACTITM non-radioactive cytotoxicity assay for flow cytometry (CellTechnology, Inc. Mountain View, Calif.; and CytoTox 96TM non-radioactive cytotoxicity assay (Promega, Madison, Wis.).
  • Useful effector cells for such assays include peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and Natural Killer (NK) cells.
  • PBMC peripheral blood mononuclear cells
  • NK Natural Killer
  • ADCC activity of the molecule of interest may be assessed in vivo, e.g., in an animal model such as that disclosed in Clynes et al. Proc. Nat'l Acad. Sci.
  • the immunoglobulin Fc region or immunologically active fragment thereof is an IgG isotype.
  • the immunoglobulin Fc region of the fusion protein is of human IgG1 isotype, having an amino acid sequence:
  • the immunoglobulin Fc region or immunologically active fragment thereof comprises a human IgG1 polypeptide sequence that is at least 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.
  • the human IgG1 Fc region fusion proteins of the present disclosure lack or have reduced Fucose attached to the N-linked glycan-chain at N297.
  • Fucose attached to the N-linked glycan-chain at N297.
  • the human IgG1 Fc region is modified at amino acid Asn297 (Boxed, Kabat Numbering) to prevent glycosylation of the fusion protein, e.g., Asn297Ala (N297A) or Asn297Asp (N297D).
  • the human IgG Fc region is modified to enhance FcRn binding.
  • Fc mutations that enhance binding to FcRn are Met252Tyr, Ser254Thr, Thr256Glu (M252Y, S254T, T256E, respectively) (Kabat numbering, Dall'Acqua et al 2006, 1 Biol Chem Vol. 281(33) 23514-23524), Met428Leu and Asn434Ser (M428L, N434S) (Zalevsky et al 2010 Nature Biotech , Vol. 28(2) 157-159) (EU index of Kabat et al 1991 Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest ).
  • the mutated or modified Fc polypeptide includes the following mutations: Met252Tyr and Met428Leu or Met252Tyr and Met428Val (M252Y, M428L, or M252Y, M428V) using the Kabat numbering system.
  • the Fc region of the fusion protein is lacking an amino acid at one or more of the following positions to reduce Fc receptor binding: Glu233 (E233), Leu234 (L234), or Leu235 (L235).
  • Fc deletion of these three amino acids reduces the complement protein C1q binding.
  • PAPGGPSVFL FPPKPKDTLM ISRTPEVTCV VVDVSHEDPE VKFNWYVDGV EVHNAKTKPR EEQYNSTYRV VSVLTVLHQD WLNGKEYKCK VSNKALPAPI EKTISKAKGQ PREPQVYTLP PSRDELTKNQ VSLTCLVKGF YPSDIAVEWE SNGQPENNYK TTPPVLDSDG SFFLYSKLTV DKSRWQQGNV FSCSVMHEAL HNHYTQKSLS LSPGK
  • the Fc region is mutated in one or more of the following positions to reduce Fc receptor binding: Glu233 (E233), Leu234 (L234), or Leu235 (L235).
  • the one or more mutations can include E233P, L234V and/or L235A.
  • the Fc region of the fusion protein is altered at Gly236 (boxed in SEQ ID NO:1 above) to reduce Fc receptor binding.
  • Gly236 is deleted from the fusion protein.
  • the human IgG1 Fc region is modified at amino acid Gly236 to enhance the interaction with CD32A, e.g., Gly236Ala (G236A).
  • the mutations of the Fc region to reduce Fc effector function include mutations from among any of G236R/L328R, E233P/L234V/L235A/G236del/S239K, E233P/L234V/L235A/G236del/S267K, E233P/L234V/L235A/G236del/S239K/A327G, E233P/L234V/L235A/G236del/S267K/A327G or E233P/L234V/L235A/G236del.
  • the human IgG1 Fc region lacks Lys447 (EU index of Kabat et al 1991 Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest ).
  • the fusion or immunologically active fragment thereof comprises a human IgG2 polypeptide sequence that is at least 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2.
  • the immunoglobulin Fc region or immunologically active fragment of the fusion protein is of human IgG2 isotype, having an amino acid sequence:
  • the fusion or immunologically active fragment thereof comprises a human IgG2 polypeptide sequence that is at least 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3.
  • the human IgG2 Fc region is modified at amino acid Asn297 (Boxed, to prevent to glycosylation of the antibody, e.g., Asn297Ala (N297A) or Asn297Asp (N297D).
  • the human IgG2 Fc region lacks Lys447 (EU index of Kabat et al 1991 Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest ).
  • the immunoglobulin Fc region or immunologically active fragment of the fusion protein is of human IgG3 isotype, having an amino acid sequence:
  • the antibody or immunologically active fragment thereof comprises a human IgG3 polypeptide sequence that is at least 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4.
  • the human IgG3 Fc region is modified at amino acid Asn297 (Boxed, Kabat Numbering) to prevent to glycosylation of the antibody, e.g., Asn297Ala (N297A) or Asn297Asp (N297D).
  • the human IgG3 Fc region is modified at amino acid 435 to extend the half-life, e.g., Arg435His (R435H).
  • the human IgG3 Fc region lacks Lys447 (EU index of Kabat et al 1991 Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest ).
  • the immunoglobulin Fc region or immunologically active fragment of the fusion protein is of human IgG4 isotype, having an amino acid sequence:
  • the antibody or immunologically active fragment thereof comprises a human IgG4 polypeptide sequence that is at least 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5.
  • the immunoglobulin Fc region or immunologically active fragment of the fusion protein is of human IgG4 isotype, having an amino acid sequence:
  • the antibody or immunologically active fragment thereof comprises a human IgG4 polypeptide sequence that is at least 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6.
  • the human IgG4 Fc region is modified at amino acid 235 to alter Fc receptor interactions, e.g., Leu235Glu (L235E).
  • the human IgG4 Fc region is modified at amino acid Asn297 (Boxed, Kabat Numbering) to prevent to glycosylation of the antibody, e.g., Asn297Ala (N297A) or Asn297Asp (N297D).
  • the human IgG4 Fc region lacks Lys447 (EU index of Kabat et al 1991 Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest ).
  • the human IgG Fc region is modified to stabilize the homodimerization at the CH3:CH3 interface by introducing two disulfide bonds by changing Ser354 to Cys (S354C) and Tyr349 to Cys (Y349C) (S354C/Y349C).
  • the human IgG Fc region is modified to induce heterodimerization.
  • Various methods are known for promoting heterodimerization of complementary Fc polypeptides, see e.g. Ridgway et al, Protein Eng. 9:617-621 (1996); Merchant et al, Nat. Biotechnol. 16(7): 677-81 (1998); Moore et al. (2011) MAbs, 3:546-57; Von Kreudenstein et al. MAbs, (2013) 5:646-54; Gunasekaran et al. (2010) J. Biol. Chem., 285:19637-46; Leaver-Fay et al.
  • Methods to promote heterodimerization of Fc chains include mutagenesis of the Fc region, such as by including a set of “knob-into-hole” mutations or including mutations to effect electrostatic steering of the Fc to favor attractive interactions among different polypeptide chains.
  • the Fc polypeptides of a heterodimer includes a mutation to alter charge polarity across the Fc dimer interface such that coexpression of electrostatically matched Fc chains support favorable attractive interactions thereby promoting desired Fc heterodimer formation, whereas unfavorable repulsive charge interactions suppress unwanted Fc homodimer formation (Guneskaran et al. (2010) JBC, 285: 19637-19646).
  • heterodimeric Fc When co-expressed in a cell, association between the chains is possible but the chains do not substantially self-associate due to charge repulsion.
  • Other strategies for generating a heterodimeric Fc include mixing human IgG and IgA CH3 domain segments to create a complementary CH3 heterodimer, which is referred to as a SEED Fc.
  • Methods and variants for heterodimerization also include those described in published international PCT App. WO2014/145806, including “knobs and holes” mutations (also called “skew” variants), mutations that relate to “electrostatic steering” or “charge pairs,” and pI variants.
  • Heterodimeric variants also include any as described in U.S. published Appl. No. US2012/0149876 or US2018/011883.
  • both polypeptides of the Fc heterodimer contain paired or complementary amino acid modifications.
  • Exemplary paired amino acid modification of polypeptides of an Fc fusion are set forth in Table 1.
  • modifications include introduction of a protuberance (knob) into a first Fc polypeptide and a cavity (hole) into a second Fc polypeptide such that the protuberance is positionable in the cavity to promote complexing of the first and second Fc-containing polypeptides.
  • Amino acids targeted for replacement and/or modification to create protuberances or cavities in a polypeptide are typically interface amino acids that interact or contact with one or more amino acids in the interface of a second polypeptide.
  • a first Fc polypeptide that is modified to contain protuberance (hole) amino acids include replacement of a native or original amino acid with an amino acid that has at least one side chain which projects from the interface of the first Fc polypeptide and is therefore positionable in a compensatory cavity (hole) in an adjacent interface of a second polypeptide.
  • the replacement amino acid is one which has a larger side chain volume than the original amino acid residue.
  • the replacement residues for the formation of a protuberance are naturally occurring amino acid residues and include, for example, arginine (R), phenylalanine (F), tyrosine (Y), or tryptophan (W).
  • the original residue identified for replacement is an amino acid residue that has a small side chain such as, for example, alanine, asparagine, aspartic acid, glycine, serine, threonine, or valine.
  • the replacement residues for the formation of a cavity are naturally occurring amino acids and include, for example, alanine (A), serine (S), threonine (T) and valine (V).
  • the original amino acid identified for replacement is an amino acid that has a large side chain such as, for example, tyrosine, arginine, phenylalanine, or tryptophan.
  • modifications of a CH3 domain to create protuberances or cavities are typically targeted to residues located on the two central anti-parallel ⁇ -strands. The aim is to minimize the risk that the protuberances which are created can be accommodated by protruding into the surrounding solvent rather than being accommodated by a compensatory cavity in the partner CH3 domain.
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct contains a first and second Fc able to mediate Fc heterodimerization contains a first Fc polypeptide containing mutations T366W and S354C and a second Fc polypeptide containing mutations T366S, L368A, Y407V and Y349C.
  • the first Fc polypeptide is selected from an Fc polypeptide comprising the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 201 or 207 and the second Fc polypeptide is selected from an Fc polypeptide comprising the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 202, 205 or 209.
  • the first Fc polypeptide is or comprises the sequence of amino acids set forth in any of SEQ ID NOS: 82, 86, 94 or 96 and the second Fc polypeptide is or comprises the sequence of amino acids set forth in any of SEQ ID NOS: 83, 87, 90, 92, 98 or 100.
  • one or both of the first and second Fc polypeptides can further include one or more amino acid mutations to further reduce one or more Fc effector functions, such as reduced Fc receptor binding.
  • Exemplary mutations to reduce Fc effector functions include any as described.
  • the modification can be a deletion of one or more positions Glu233 (E233), Leu234 (L234), or Leu235 (L235), such as a deletion of amino acids Glu233 (E233), Leu234 (L234), and Leu235 (L235).
  • the first Fc polypeptide is or comprises the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:208 and the second Fc polypeptide is or comprises the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:210.
  • the first Fc polypeptide is or comprises the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:95 and the second Fc polypeptide is or comprises the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 99.
  • the first Fc polypeptide is or comprises the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:97 and the second Fc polypeptide is or comprises the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 101.
  • the first and second Fc polypeptide can be formatted on either polypeptide chain of the construct.
  • heterodimerization can be facilitated by pI variants.
  • a pI variant can include those that increase the pI of the protein (basic changes).
  • the pI variant can include those that decrease the pI of the protein (acidic changes).
  • all combinations of these variants can be done, including combinations in which one Fc polypeptide may be wild type, or a variant that does not display a significantly different p1 from wild-type, and the other Fc polypeptide can be either more basic or more acidic.
  • each Fc polypeptide can be changed, one to more basic and one to more acidic.
  • at least one Fc polypeptide is a negative pI variant Fc containing mutations Q295E/N384D/Q418E/N421D.
  • the provided constructs contains (a) a first Fc polypeptide comprising the skew variants S364K/E357Q; and b) a second Fc polypeptide containing skew variants L368D/K370S and the pI variants N208D/Q295E/N384D/Q418E/N421D.
  • one or both of the first and second polypeptide can contain further mutations to reduce Fc effector activity, such as the exemplary mutations E233P/L234V/L235A/G236del/S267K.
  • first Fc polypeptide and a second Fc polypeptide able to mediate Fc heterodimeriztion comprise the sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs:194 and 195.
  • the first and second Fc polypeptide can be formatted on either polypeptide chain of the construct.
  • such techniques include designing a heterodimer so that one of the Fc polypeptide chains does not bind to the affinity reagent protein A.
  • one of the polypeptide chain can contain one or more amino acid substitution to abrogate or reduce affinity for the protein A reagent in one of the polypeptides of the Fc heterodimer, see e.g. WO2017134440, WO2010151792, Jendeberg et al. (Jendeberg et al., (1997) J. Immunol. Methods, 201(1): 25-34.
  • Exemplary pA+/pG ⁇ amino acid modifications include an Fc containing serine at position 428, serine at position 434 and optionally histidine at position 436, with reference to human IgG1 or comprising these residues at the corresponding positions in human IgG 2, 3, or 4.
  • amino acid modifications in one IgG Fc polypeptide at positions 428, 434 and optionally 436 reduces or prevents the binding of protein G, enhancing the purification of the protein.
  • the Fc regions of the heterodimeric molecule additionally can contain one or more other Fc mutation, such as any described above.
  • the heterodimer molecule contains an Fc region with a mutation that reduces effector function.
  • one Fc polypeptide of a heterodimeric Fc comprises the sequence of amino acids set forth in any of SEQ ID NOS: 203 (e.g. SEQ ID NO:84), 88, 208 (e.g. SEQ ID NO:95), or 97 and the other Fc polypeptide of the heterodimeric Fc comprises the sequence of amino acids set forth in any of SEQ ID NOS: 204 (e.g. SEQ ID NO:85), 89, 206 (e.g. SEQ ID NO:91), 93, 210 (e.g. SEQ ID NO:99), or 101.
  • SEQ ID NOS: 203 e.g. SEQ ID NO:84
  • 88, 208 e.g. SEQ ID NO:95
  • the other Fc polypeptide of the heterodimeric Fc comprises the sequence of amino acids set forth in any of SEQ ID NOS: 204 (e.g. SEQ ID NO:85), 89, 206 (e.g. SEQ ID NO:91),
  • the human IgG Fc region is modified to prevent dimerization.
  • the fusion proteins of the present disclosure are monomeric. For example modification at residue Thr366 to a charged residue, e.g. Thr366Lys, Thr366Arg, Thr366Asp, or Thr366Glu (T366K, T366R, T366D, or T366E, respectively), prevents CH3-CH3 dimerization.
  • the Fc region of the fusion protein is altered at one or more of the following positions to reduce Fc receptor binding: Leu 234 (L234), Leu235 (L235), Asp265 (D265), Asp270 (D270), Ser298 (S298), Asn297 (N297), Asn325 (N325) orAla327 (A327).
  • the fusion protein contains a polypeptide derived from an immunoglobulin hinge region.
  • the hinge region can be selected from any of the human IgG subclasses.
  • the fusion protein may contain a modified IgG1 hinge having the sequence of EPKSSDKTHTCPPC (SEQ ID NO: 7), where in the Cys220 that forms a disulfide with the C-terminal cysteine of the light chain is mutated to serine, e.g., Cys220Ser (C220S).
  • the fusion protein contains a truncated hinge having a sequence DKTHTCPPC (SEQ ID NO: 8).
  • the fusion protein has a modified hinge from IgG4, which is modified to prevent or reduce strand exchange, e.g., Ser228Pro (S228P), having the sequence ESKYGPPCPPC (SEQ ID NO: 9).
  • the fusion protein contains linker polypeptides. In other embodiments, the fusion protein contains linker and hinge polypeptides.
  • the provided multispecific polypeptide constructs contain a linker that joins or couples the first component containing the immunoglobulin Fc region and the second component containing the CD3 binding region.
  • the linker is a non-cleavable linker.
  • the linker does not contain a substrate recognition site that is specifically recognized for cleavage by the protease.
  • linkers in the provided multispecific polypeptide constructs do not include an amino acid sequence that can serve as a substrate for a protease, such as an extracellular protease.
  • the non-cleavable linker does not include a cleavage sequence containing at least one peptide bond which lies within a cleavable peptide sequence of a protease.
  • the linker is positioned at the end of the C-terminal region of the Fc region, such that the Fc region is N-terminal to the CD3 binding region.
  • the provided constructs include a linker joining the first Fc polypeptide and a first domain (e.g. VH) of the CD3 binding region of the first polypeptide and the second Fc polypeptide and second domain (e.g. VL) of the CD3 binding region of the second polypeptide.
  • the linkers present in the first and second polypeptides of the multispecific polypeptide construct are the same.
  • each domain of the CD3 binding domain is linked via a linker, such as the same linker, to opposite polypeptides of the Fc, such as heterodimeric Fc.
  • the linker also is one that ensures correct folding of the polypeptide construct, does not exhibit a charge that would be inconsistent with the activity or function of the linked polypeptides or form bonds or other interactions with amino acid residues in one or more of the domains that would impede or alter activity of the linked polypeptides.
  • the linker is a polypeptide linker.
  • the polypeptide linker can be a flexible linker or a rigid linker or a combination of both.
  • the linker is a short, medium or long linker. In some embodiments, the linker is up to 40 amino acids in length. In some embodiments, the linker is up to 25 amino acids in length. In some embodiments, the linker is at least or is at least about 2 amino acids in length. In some aspects, a suitable length is, e.g., a length of at least one and typically fewer than about 40 amino acid residues, such as 2-25 amino acid residues, 5-20 amino acid residues, 5-15 amino acid residues, 8-12 amino acid.
  • the linker is from or from about 2 to 24 amino acids, 2 to 20 amino acids, 2 to 18 amino acids, 2 to 14 amino acids, 2 to 12 amino acids, 2 to 10 amino acids, 2 to 8 amino acids, 2 to 6 amino acids, 6 to 24 amino acids, 6 to 20 amino acids, 6 to 18 amino acids, 6 to 14 amino acids, 6 to 12 amino acids, 6 to 10 amino acids, 6 to 8 amino acids, 8 to 24 amino acids, 8 to 20 amino acids, 8 to 18 amino acids, 8 to 14 amino acids, 8 to 12 amino acids, 8 to 10 amino acids, 10 to 24 amino acids, 10 to 20 amino acids, 10 to 18 amino acids, 10 to 14 amino acids, 10 to 12 amino acids, 12 to 24 amino acids, 12 to 20 amino acids, 12 to 18 amino acids, 12 to 14 amino acids, 14 to 24 amino acids, 14 to 20 amino acids, 14 to 18 amino acids, 18 to 24 amino acids, 18 to 20 amino acids or 20 to 24 amino acids.
  • the linker is 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18,
  • the linker is greater than 12 amino acids in length, such as greater than 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 or 18 amino acids in length.
  • the linker is 12 to 40 amino acids in length, 12 to 30 amino acids, 12 to 24 amino acids, 12 to 18 acids, 12 to 15 amino acids, 15 to 40 amino acids, 15 to 30 amino acids, 15 to 24 amino acids, 15 to 18 amino acids, 18 to 40 amino acids, 18 to 30 amino acids, 18 to 24 amino acids, 24 to 40 amino acids, 24 to 30 amino acids or 30 to 40 amino acids.
  • linkers can be naturally-occurring, synthetic or a combination of both.
  • Particularly suitable linker polypeptides predominantly include amino acid residues selected from Glycine (Gly), Serine (Ser), Alanine (Ala), and Threonine (Thr).
  • the linker may contain at least 75% (calculated on the basis of the total number of residues present in the peptide linker), such as at least 80%, at least 85%, or at least 90% of amino acid residues selected from Gly, Ser, Ala, and Thr.
  • the linker may also consist of Gly, Ser, Ala and/or Thr residues only.
  • the linker contains 1-25 glycine residues, 5-20 glycine residues, 5-15 glycine residues, or 8-12 glycine residues.
  • suitable peptide linkers typically contain at least 50% glycine residues, such as at least 75% glycine residues.
  • a peptide linker comprises glycine residues only.
  • a peptide linker comprises glycine and serine residues only.
  • these linkers are composed predominately of the amino acids Glycine and Serine, denoted as GS-linkers herein.
  • the linker contains (GGS)n, wherein n is 1 to 10, such as 1 to 5, for example 1 to 3, such as GGS(GGS)n (SEQ ID NO:171), wherein n is 0 to 10.
  • the linker contains the sequence (GGGGS)n (SEQ ID NO: 173), wherein n is 1 to 10 or n is 1 to 5, such as 1 to 3.
  • the linker contains (GGGGGS)n (SEQ ID NO:172), wherein n is 1 to 4, such as 1 to 3.
  • the linker can include combinations of any of the above, such as repeats of 2, 3, 4, or 5 GS, GGS, GGGGS, and/or GGGGGS linkers may be combined. In some embodiments, such a linker is 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 or 19 amino acids in length.
  • the linker is (in one-letter amino acid code): GGS, GGGGS (SEQ ID NO: 149), or GGGGGS (SEQ ID NO: 135).
  • the GS-linker comprises an amino acid sequence of GGSGGS, i.e., (GGS) 2 (SEQ ID NO: 10); GGSGGSGGS, i.e., (GGS) 3 (SEQ ID NO: 11); GGSGGSGGSGGS, i.e., (GGS) 4 (SEQ ID NO: 12); GGSGGSGGSGGSGGS, i.e., (GGS) 5 (SEQ ID NO: 13); GGGGGSGGGGGSGGGGGS, i.e., (G5S) 3 (SEQ ID NO: 119), GGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGS (SEQ ID NO: 147) and GGGGSGGGGSGGGGS (SEQ ID NO:170).
  • the linker is GGGG (SEQ ID NO:103). In some embodiments, the linker is GGGGG (SEQ ID NO:192). In some of any of the above examples, serine can be replaced with alanine (e.g., (Gly4Ala) or (Gly3Ala)).
  • alanine e.g., (Gly4Ala) or (Gly3Ala).
  • the linker includes a peptide linker having the amino acid sequence Gly x Xaa-Gly y -Xaa-Gly z (SEQ ID NO:174), wherein each Xaa is independently selected from Alanine (Ala), Valine (Val), Leucine (Leu), Isoleucine (Ile), Methionine (Met), Phenylalanine (Phe), Tryptophan (Trp), Proline (Pro), Glycine (Gly), Serine (Ser), Threonine (Thr), Cysteine (Cys), Tyrosine (Tyr), Asparagine (Asn), Glutamine (Gln), Lysine (Lys), Arginine (Arg), Histidine (His), Aspartate (Asp), and Glutamate (Glu), and wherein x, y, and z are each integers in the range from 1-5.
  • each Xaa is independently selected from the group consisting of Ser, Ala, and Thr.
  • each of x, y, and z is equal to 3 (thereby yielding a peptide linker having the amino acid sequence Gly-Gly-Gly-Xaa-Gly-Gly-Gly-Xaa-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly (SEQ ID NO:175), wherein each Xaa is selected as above.
  • the linker is serine-rich linkers based on the repetition of a (SSSSG)n (SEQ ID NO:185) motif where n is at least 1, though n can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9.
  • a linker comprises at least one proline residue in the amino acid sequence of the peptide linker.
  • a peptide linker can have an amino acid sequence wherein at least 25% (e.g., at least 50% or at least 75%) of the amino acid residues are proline residues.
  • the peptide linker comprises proline residues only.
  • a peptide linker comprises at least one cysteine residue, such as one cysteine residue.
  • a linker comprises at least one cysteine residue and amino acid residues selected from the group consisting of Gly, Ser, Ala, and Thr.
  • a linker comprises glycine residues and cysteine residues, such as glycine residues and cysteine residues only. Typically, only one cysteine residue will be included per peptide linker.
  • a specific linker comprising a cysteine residue includes a peptide linker having the amino acid sequence Gly m -Cys-Gly n , wherein n and m are each integers from 1-12, e.g., from 3-9, from 4-8, or from 4-7.
  • such a peptide linker has the amino acid sequence GGGGG-C-GGGGG (SEQ ID NO:177).
  • the linker of the fusion protein is a structured or constrained linker.
  • the structured linker contains the sequence (AP)n or (EAAAK)n (SEQ ID NO:178), wherein n is 2 to 20, preferably 4 to 10, including but not limited to, AS-(AP)n-GT (SEQ ID NO:179) or AS-(EAAAK)n-GT (SEQ ID NO:180), wherein n is 2 to 20, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15.
  • the linker comprises the sequences (GGGGA)n (SEQ ID NO:181), (PGGGS)n (SEQ ID NO:182), (AGGGS)n (SEQ ID NO:183) or GGS-(EGKSSGSGSESKST)n-GGS (SEQ ID NO:184, wherein n is 2 to 20.
  • the linker is SSSASASSA (SEQ ID NO:186), GSPGSPG (SEQ ID NO:187), or ATTTGSSPGPT (SEQ ID NO:176).
  • such linkers by virtue of their structure, may be more resistant to proteolytic degradation, thereby offering an advantage when injected in vivo.
  • the linker is not a cleavable linker (used interchangeably with non-cleavable linker). In some embodiments, the linker is not cleavable by a protease. In some embodiments, a linker that is not a cleavable linker or that is not cleavable by a protease is one that is generally stable for in vivo delivery or recombinant production. In some aspects, a linker that is not cleavable by a protease includes those that do not contain at least one peptide bond which preferably lies within a cleavable peptide sequence or recognition site of a protease.
  • a non-cleavable linker is not a target substrate for a protease, such that it is not preferentially or specifically cleaved by a protease compared to a linker that contains a substrate recognition site for the same protease.
  • the linker does not contains a substrate recognition site or cleavage site for a particular protease, which is the sequence recognized by the active site of a protease that is cleaved by a protease.
  • a cleavage sequence is made up of the P1-P4 and P1′-P4′ amino acids in a substrate, where cleavage occurs after the P1 position.
  • a cleavage sequence for a serine protease is six residues in length to match the extended substrate specificity of many proteases, but can be longer or shorter depending upon the protease.
  • the linker does not include a P1-P1′ scissile bond sequence that is recognized by a protease.
  • a non-cleavable linker or a linker that does not contain a substrate recognition site that is specifically recognized for cleavage by a protease is one whose cleavage by a protease is substantially less than cleavage of a target substrate of the protease.
  • a protease exhibits specificity or preference for cleavage of a particular target substrate compared to another non-target substrate. Such a degree of specificity can be determined based on the rate constant of cleavage of a sequence, e.g. linker sequence, which is a measure of preference of a protease for its substrate and the efficiency of the enzyme.
  • any method to determine the rate of increase of cleavage over time in the presence of various concentrations of substrate can be used to calculate the specificity constant.
  • a substrate is linked to a fluorogenic moiety, which is released upon cleavage by a protease.
  • the specificity constant for cleavage (k cat /K m ) can be determined for a particular protease towards a particular linker.
  • a non-cleavable linker or a linker that does not contain a substrate recognition site that is specifically recognized for cleavage by a protease, is a linker that, if cleaved at all, is cleaved by a protease at a rate of less than 1 ⁇ 10 4 M ⁇ 1 S ⁇ , or less than 5 ⁇ 10 3 M ⁇ 1 S, less than 1 ⁇ 10 3 M ⁇ 1 S, or less than 1 ⁇ 10 2 M ⁇ 1 S or less.
  • the linkers in the multispecific constructs provided herein do not contain a substrate recognition site for a protease that include, for example, matrix metalloproteases (MMP), cysteine proteases, serine proteases and plasmin activators.
  • MMP matrix metalloproteases
  • the linker does not contain a substrate recognition site for a protease that is a protease that is produced by a tumor, an activated immune effector cell (e.g. a T cell or a NK cell), or a cell in a tumor microenvironment.
  • the linker does not contain a substrate recognition site that is specifically recognized by one or more of the following enzymes or proteases: ADAMS, ADAMTS, e.g. ADAMS; ADAMS; ADAM10; ADAM12; ADAM15; ADAM17/TACE; ADAMDEC1; ADAMTS1; ADAMTS4; ADAMTSS; aspartate proteases, e.g., BACE or Renin; aspartic cathepsins, e.g., Cathepsin D or Cathepsin E; Caspases, e.g., Caspase 1, Caspase 2, Caspase 3, Caspase 4, Caspase 5, Caspase 6, Caspase 7, Caspase 8, Caspase 9, Caspase 10, or Caspase 14; cysteine cathepsins, e.g., Cathepsin B, Cathepsin C, Cathepsin K, Cathepsin L,
  • the linker does not comprise an amino acid that is a substrate for Granzyme B. In some embodiments, the linker does not contain an amino acid sequence having the general formula P4 P3 P2 P1 ⁇ P1′ (SEQ ID NO: 150), wherein P4 is amino acid I, L, Y, M, F, V, or A; P3 is amino acid A, G, S, V, E, D, Q, N, or Y; P2 is amino acid H, P, A, V, G, S, or T; P1 is amino acid D or E; and P1′ is amino acid I, L, Y, M, F, V, T, S, G or A.
  • P4 is amino acid I, L, Y, M, F, V, V, or A
  • P3 is amino acid A, G, S, V, E, D, Q, N, or Y
  • P2 is amino acid H, P, A, V, G, S, or T
  • P1 is amino acid D or E
  • P1′ is amino acid I
  • the linker does not contain an amino acid sequence having the general formula P4 P3 P2 P1 ⁇ P1′ (SEQ ID NO: 151), wherein P4 is amino acid I or L; P3 is amino acid E; P2 is amino acid P or A; P1 is amino acid D; and P1′ is amino acid I, V, T, S, or G.
  • the linker does not contain the amino acid sequence LEAD (SEQ ID NO: 22), LEPD(SEQ ID NO: 142), or LEAE (SEQ ID NO:143). In some embodiments, the linker does not contain the amino acid sequence IEPDI (SEQ ID NO:136), LEADT (SEQ ID NO:137), IEPDG (SEQ ID NO:138), IEPDV (SEQ ID NO:139), IEPDS (SEQ ID NO:140), IEPDT (SEQ ID NO:141), IEPDP (SEQ ID NO:144), LEPDG (SEQ ID NO:152) or LEADG (SEQ ID NO:153).
  • IEPDI SEQ ID NO:136
  • LEADT SEQ ID NO:137
  • IEPDG SEQ ID NO:138
  • IEPDV SEQ ID NO:139
  • IEPDS SEQ ID NO:140
  • IEPDT SEQ ID NO:141
  • IEPDP SEQ ID NO:144
  • LEPDG SEQ ID NO:152
  • LEADG SEQ
  • the linker does not comprise an amino acid that is a substrate for matriptase. In some embodiments, the linker does not comprises the sequence P1QAR ⁇ (A/V) (SEQ ID NO: 154), wherein P1 is any amino acid. In some embodiments, the linker does not comprises the sequence RQAR(A/V) (SEQ ID NO: 155). In some embodiments, the linker does not comprise the amino acid sequence RQAR (SEQ ID NO: 23). In some embodiments, the linker does not comprise the amino acid sequence RQARV (SEQ ID NO: 156)
  • the linker does not comprise an amino acid that is a substrate for one or more matrix metalloproteases (MMPs).
  • MMP matrix metalloproteases
  • the MMP is MMP-2.
  • the linker does not contain a sequence having the general formula P3 P2 P1 ⁇ P1′ (SEQ ID NO: 157), wherein P3 is P, V or A; P2 is Q or D; P1 is A or N; and P1′ is L, I or M.
  • the linker does not contain the general formula P3 P2 P1 ⁇ P1′ (SEQ ID NO: 158), wherein P3 is P; P2 is Q or D; P1 is A or N; and P1′ is L or I.
  • the linker does not comprise the amino acid sequence PAGL (SEQ ID NO: 24).
  • the multispecific polypeptide constructs of the present disclosure include at least one antigen binding domain, such as at least a first antigen binding domain and a second antigen binding domain.
  • the antigen binding domain or independently each of the antigen binding domains, is selected from an antibody or antigen binding fragment, a natural cognate binding partner, an Anticalin (engineered lipocalin), a Darpin, a Fynomer, a Centyrin (engineered fibroneticin III domain), a cystine-knot domain, an Affilin, an Affibody, or an engineered CH3 domain.
  • the natural cognate binding partner comprises an extracellular domain or binding fragment thereof of the native cognate binding partner of the TAA, or a variant thereof that exhibits binding activity to the TAA.
  • a TAA is a counter-structure that is present primarily on tumor cells of a mammalian subject but generally not found on normal cells of the mammalian subject.
  • a tumor specific antigen need not be exclusive to tumor cells but the percentage of cells of a particular mammal that have the tumor associated antigen is sufficiently high or the levels of the tumor associated antigen on the surface of the tumor are sufficiently high such that it can be targeted by anti-tumor therapeutics, such as multispecific polypeptide constructs as provided, and provide prevention or treatment of the mammal from the effects of the tumor.
  • anti-tumor therapeutics such as multispecific polypeptide constructs as provided, and provide prevention or treatment of the mammal from the effects of the tumor.
  • in a random statistical sample of cells from a mammal with a tumor at least 50% of the cells displaying a TAA are cancerous. In other embodiments, at least 60%, 70%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or 99% of the cells displaying a TAA are cancerous.
  • the antigen binding domain or independently each of the antigen binding domains, such as the first antigen-binding domain and the second antigen binding domains, includes one or more copies of an antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof.
  • the antigen binding domain, or independently each of the antigen binding domains includes one or more copies of an antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof selected from the group consisting of a Fab fragment, a F(ab′) 2 fragment, an Fv fragment, a scFv, a scAb, a dAb, a single domain heavy chain antibody, and a single domain light chain antibody.
  • the antigen binding domain or independently each of the antigen binding domains, such as the first antigen-binding domain and the second antigen binding domains, is a single chain antibody.
  • the single chain is an scFv, a scAb, a single domain heavy chain antibody, or a single domain light chain antibody.
  • each of the first antigen-binding domain and the second antigen binding domains includes one or more single domain antibody (sdAb) fragments, for example V H H, V NAR , engineered V H or V K domains.
  • sdAb single domain antibody
  • V H Hs can be generated from natural camelid heavy chain only antibodies, genetically modified rodents that produce heavy chain only antibodies, or na ⁇ ve/synthetic camelid or humanized camelid single domain antibody libraries.
  • V NAR s can be generated from cartilaginous fish heavy chain only antibodies.
  • Various methods have been implemented to generate monomeric sdAbs from conventionally heterodimeric V H and V K domains, including interface engineering and selection of specific germline families.
  • the antigen binding domain or independently each of the antigen binding domains, such as the first antigen-binding domain and/or the second antigen binding domains, of the multispecific polypeptide constructs contains at least one sdAb or an scFv that binds a TAA.
  • the at least one scFv or sdAb that binds a TAA is positioned amino-terminally relative to the Fc region and/or carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region of the multispecific polypeptide construct.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct contains only one scFv or sdAb that binds to a TAA, which can be positioned either amino-terminally relative to the Fc region and/or carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region. In some embodiments, the multispecific polypeptide construct contains two scFvs or sdAbs that bind to a TAA, positioned amino-terminally relative to the Fc region and/or carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct contains three scFv or sdAb, in which two are positioned amino-terminally relative to the Fc region or carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region, and the third is positioned at the other end of the multispecific polypeptide construct.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct is formed from or includes two polypeptides, including a first polypeptide comprising a first Fc polypeptide of a heterodimeric Fc region, a linker, a VH domain of an anti-CD3 antibody or antigen binding fragment (e.g. Fv), and an scFv or sdAb that binds to a tumor-associated antigen; and a second polypeptide comprising a second Fc polypeptide of the heterodimeric Fc region, the linker, a VL domain of the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen binding fragment (e.g.
  • the antigen binding domain, or independently each of the antigen binding domains, of the multispecific polypeptide constructs contains VH and VL sequences assembled as FABs or scFvs.
  • the antigen binding domain, or independently each of the antigen binding domains, of the multispecific polypeptide constructs contains binding domains as single domain antibodies (sdAbs).
  • the antigen binding domain or independently each of the antigen binding domains, such as the first antigen-binding domain and the second antigen binding domains contains more than one chain.
  • the antigen binding domain or independently each of the antigen binding domains, such as the first antigen-binding domain and/or the second antigen binding domains, of the multispecific polypeptide constructs contains VH and VL sequences assembled as FABs.
  • the antigen binding domain or independently each of the antigen binding domains, such as the first antigen-binding domain and/or the second antigen binding domains, of the multispecific polypeptide constructs contains a VH-CH1 (Fd) and a VL-CL of a Fab antibody that binds a TAA.
  • the Fab antibody containing a VH-CH1 (Fd) and a VL-CL is positioned amino-terminally relative to the Fc region and/or carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region of the multispecific polypeptide construct.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct contains only one Fab antibody, containing a VH-CH1 (Fd) and VL-CL, that binds to a TAA, which can be positioned either amino-terminally relative to the Fc region and/or carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct contains two Fab antibody fragments, each containing a VH-CH1 (Fd) and VL-CL, that binds to a TAA, in which one is positioned amino-terminally relative to the Fc region and the other is positioned carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct is formed from or includes three or more polypeptides, including a first polypeptide comprising a first Fc polypeptide of a heterodimeric Fc region, a linker and a VH-CH1 (Fd) or VL-CL of a Fab antibody fragment that binds to a tumor-associated antigen; a second polypeptide comprising a second Fc polypeptide of the heterodimeric Fc region, the linker and, optionally, the same VH-CH1 (Fd) or VL-CL of the Fab antibody fragment that binds to a tumor-associated antigen, and a third polypeptide comprising the other of the VH-CH1 (Fd) or VL-CL of the Fab antibody fragment that binds to the TAA.
  • a first polypeptide comprising a first Fc polypeptide of a heterodimeric Fc region, a linker and a VH-CH1 (Fd) or VL-CL of a
  • the antigen binding domain or independently each of the antigen binding domains, is or includes an extracellular domain or binding fragment thereof of the native cognate binding partner of the TAA, or a variant thereof that exhibits binding activity to the TAA.
  • each of the antigen binding domains such as each of the first antigen-binding domain and the second antigen binding domains, bind the same antigen. In some embodiments, each of the first antigen-binding domain and the second antigen binding domains bind a different antigen. In some embodiments, each of the antigen binding domains, such as each of the first antigen-binding domain and the second antigen binding domains, bind the same tumor associated antigen (TAA). In some embodiments, each of the antigen binding domains, such as each of the first antigen-binding domain and the second antigen binding domains, bind a different TAA.
  • TAA tumor associated antigen
  • each of the antigen binding domains such as each of the first antigen-binding domain and the second antigen binding domains, bind a different epitope on the same TAA. In some embodiments, each of the antigen binding domains, such as each of the first antigen-binding domain and the second antigen binding domains, bind the same epitope on the same TAA.
  • the antigen binding domains results in monovalent, bivalent, trivalent, or tetravalent binding to the TAA.
  • bivalent binding to the TAA comprises two antigen binding domains that bind the same epitope of the same antigen (e.g. mono-epitopic).
  • bivalent binding to the TAA comprises two antigen binding domains that bind different epitopes of the same antigen (e.g. bi-epitopic).
  • monovalent binding to the TAA comprises one antigen binding domain that binds one epitope of the antigen (e.g. mono-epitopic).
  • the TAA is selected from the group consisting of 1-92-LFA-3, 5T4, Alpha-4 integrin, Alpha-V integrin, alpha4beta1 integrin, alpha4beta7 integrin, AGR2, Anti-Lewis-Y, Apelin J receptor, APRIL, B7-H3, B7-H4, BAFF, BTLA, C5 complement, C-242, CA9, CA19-9, (Lewis a), Carbonic anhydrase 9, CD2, CD3, CD6, CD9, CD11a, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD24, CD25, CD27, CD28, CD30, CD33, CD38, CD40, CD40L, CD41, CD44, CD44v6, CD47, CD51, CD52, CD56, CD64, CD70, CD71, CD74, CD80, CD81, CD86, CD95, CD117, CD123, CD125, CD132, (IL-2RG), CD133, CD137, CD138, CD166, CD172
  • At least one antigen binding domain binds the tumor associated antigen (TAA) folate receptor alpha (FRa).
  • TAA tumor associated antigen
  • FRa tumor associated antigen
  • the antigen binding domain contains the binding domain as an sdAb that binds FR ⁇ .
  • Exemplary FR ⁇ -binding sdAbs are set forth in SEQ ID NOS: 120, 121, and 122.
  • At least one antigen binding domain binds the tumor associated antigen (TAA) cMET.
  • the antigen binding domain contains the binding domain as a sdAb that binds cMET.
  • An exemplary cMET-binding sdAb is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 123 (U.S. Pat. No. 9,346,884).
  • At least one antigen binding domain binds the tumor associated antigen (TAA) B7H3.
  • the antigen binding domain contains the binding domain as an scFv that binds B7H3.
  • An exemplary B7H3-binding scFv is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 124.
  • the antigen binding domain is a sdAb, such as a VHH.
  • Exemplary B7H3-binding sdAbs are set forth in any of SEQ ID NOS: 214-218.
  • the antigen binding domain is or contains a Fab antibody fragment comprising a VH-CH1 (Fd) and LC.
  • An exemplary B7H3 Fd is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 127 and an exemplary B7H3 LC is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 128 (PCT Publication No, WO2017/030926).
  • At least one antigen binding domain binds the tumor associated antigen (TAA) CD20.
  • TAA tumor associated antigen
  • such an antigen-binding domain contains a VH set forth in SEQ ID NO: 189 and a VL set forth in SEQ ID NO: 190 or a sequence that exhibits at least at or about 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 98%, or 99% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 189 or SEQ ID NO:190.
  • the antigen binding domain contains the binding domain as an scFv that binds CD20.
  • Exemplary CD20-binding scFvs are set forth in SEQ ID NO: 125and 213 (U.S. Pub. No. US 2005/0123546).
  • At least one antigen binding domain binds the tumor associated antigen (TAA) DLL3.
  • the antigen binding domain contains the binding domain as an scFv that binds DLL3.
  • Exemplary DLL3-binding scFv is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 126 and 188 (U.S. Pub. No. US 2017/0037130).
  • the antigen binding domain is a sdAb, such as a VHH.
  • Exemplary DLL3-binding sdAbs are set forth in any of SEQ ID NO: 219 or SEQ ID NO:220.
  • the antigen binding domain is or contains a Fab antibody fragment comprising a Fd and LC that binds DLL3.
  • An exemplary DLL3 Fd is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 133 and an exemplary DLL3 LC is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 134 (U.S. Pat. No. 8,044,178).
  • At least one antigen binding domain binds the tumor associated antigen (TAA) 5T4.
  • TAA tumor associated antigen
  • An exemplary 5T4 Fd is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 129 and an exemplary 5T4 LC is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 130.
  • the antibody binding domain comprises a VH-CH1 (Fd) or VL-CL as set forth in SEQ ID NOS: 167 and 168 (U.S. Pat. No. 8,044,178).
  • At least one antigen binding domain binds the tumor associated antigen (TAA) gpNMB.
  • the antigen binding domain is or contains a Fab fragment comprising a Fd and LC chain.
  • An exemplary gpNMB Fd is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 131 and an exemplary gpNMB LC is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 132.
  • the antigen binding domain is linked, directly or indirectly via a linker, to the Fc region and/or to the CD3 binding region.
  • linkage is via a linker.
  • the linker is a linking peptide (LP), which can include any flexible or rigid linker as described in Section 11.3, although generally peptides linking the antigen binding domain or domains is not a cleavable linker.
  • LP linking peptide
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct comprises a first linking peptide (LP1) between the first antigen binding domain and the Fc region. In some embodiments, the multispecific polypeptide construct comprises a second linking peptide (LP2) between the CD3 binding region and the second antigen binding domain. In some embodiments, the multispecific polypeptide construct comprises a first linking peptide (LP1) between the first antigen binding domain and the Fc region and a second linking peptide (LP2) between the CD3 binding region and the second antigen binding domain. In some aspects, the multispecific polypeptide construct has the structural arrangement from N-terminus to C-terminus as follows: first antigen binding domain-LP1-Fc region-linker-CD3 binding region-LP2-second antigen binding domain. In some embodiments, the two linking peptides are not identical to each other.
  • the LP1 or LP2 is independently a peptide of about 1 to 20 amino acids in length. In some embodiments, the LP1 or LP2 is independently a peptide that is or comprises any Gly-Ser linker as set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 10-13, 119, 135, 147, 149 or GGS.
  • compositions of any of the provided multispecific polypeptide constructs are provided herein. It will be appreciated that administration of therapeutic entities in accordance with the disclosure will be administered with suitable carriers, excipients, and other agents that are incorporated into formulations to provide improved transfer, delivery, tolerance, and the like.
  • suitable carriers, excipients, and other agents that are incorporated into formulations to provide improved transfer, delivery, tolerance, and the like.
  • a multitude of appropriate formulations can be found in the formulary known to all pharmaceutical chemists: Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences (15th ed., Mack Publishing Company, Easton, Pa. (1975)), particularly Chapter 87 by Blaug, Seymour, therein.
  • formulations include, for example, powders, pastes, ointments, jellies, waxes, oils, lipids, lipid (cationic or anionic) containing vesicles (such as LipofectinTM), DNA conjugates, anhydrous absorption pastes, oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions, emulsions carbowax (polyethylene glycols of various molecular weights), semi-solid gels, and semi-solid mixtures containing carbowax. Any of the foregoing mixtures may be appropriate in treatments and therapies in accordance with the present disclosure, provided that the active ingredient in the formulation is not inactivated by the formulation and the formulation is physiologically compatible and tolerable with the route of administration.
  • the multispecific polypeptide constructs, conjugated multispecific polypeptide constructs, and compositions thereof—referred to collectively herein as the Therapeutic(s) and derivatives, fragments, analogs and homologs thereof, can be incorporated into pharmaceutical compositions suitable for administration.
  • Therapeutic(s) and derivatives, fragments, analogs and homologs thereof can be incorporated into pharmaceutical compositions suitable for administration.
  • Principles and considerations involved in preparing such compositions, as well as guidance in the choice of components are provided, for example, in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences: The Science And Practice Of Pharmacy 19th ed. (Alfonso R. Gennaro, et al., editors) Mack Pub.
  • compositions typically comprise the multispecific polypeptide construct or a conjugated thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct includes a fragment of an antibody
  • the smallest fragment of the antibody that specifically binds to the target protein can be used.
  • peptide molecules can be designed that retain the ability of the antibody to bind the target protein sequence.
  • Such peptides can be synthesized chemically and/or produced by recombinant DNA technology. (See, e.g., Marasco et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 90: 7889-7893 (1993)).
  • the term “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” is intended to include any and all solvents, dispersion media, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, and the like, compatible with pharmaceutical administration. Suitable carriers are described in the most recent edition of Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, a standard reference text in the field, which is incorporated herein by reference. Suitable examples of such carriers or diluents include, but are not limited to, water, saline, ringer's solutions, dextrose solution, and 5% human serum albumin. Liposomes and non-aqueous vehicles such as fixed oils may also be used. The use of such media and agents for pharmaceutically active substances is well known in the art. Except insofar as any conventional media or agent is incompatible with the active compound, use thereof in the compositions is contemplated.
  • the formulations to be used for in vivo administration must be sterile. This is readily accomplished by filtration through sterile filtration membranes.
  • a pharmaceutical composition of the disclosure is formulated to be compatible with its intended route of administration.
  • routes of administration include parenteral, e.g., intravenous, intradermal, subcutaneous, oral (e.g., inhalation), transdermal (i.e., topical), transmucosal, and rectal administration.
  • Solutions or suspensions used for parenteral, intradermal, or subcutaneous application can include the following components: a sterile diluent such as water for injection, saline solution, fixed oils, polyethylene glycols, glycerine, propylene glycol or other synthetic solvents; antibacterial agents such as benzyl alcohol or methyl parabens; antioxidants such as ascorbic acid or sodium bisulfate; chelating agents such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); buffers such as acetates, citrates or phosphates, and agents for the adjustment of tonicity such as sodium chloride or dextrose.
  • the pH can be adjusted with acids or bases, such as hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide.
  • the parenteral preparation can be enclosed in ampoules, disposable syringes or multiple dose vials made of glass or plastic.
  • compositions suitable for injectable use include sterile aqueous solutions (where water soluble) or dispersions and sterile powders for the extemporaneous preparation of sterile injectable solutions or dispersion.
  • suitable carriers include physiological saline, bacteriostatic water, Cremophor ELTM (BASF, Parsippany, N.J.) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS).
  • the composition must be sterile and should be fluid to the extent that easy syringeability exists. It must be stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage and must be preserved against the contaminating action of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi.
  • isotonic agents for example, sugars, polyalcohols such as manitol, sorbitol, sodium chloride in the composition.
  • Prolonged absorption of the injectable compositions can be brought about by including in the composition an agent that delays absorption, for example, aluminum monostearate and gelatin.
  • Sterile injectable solutions can be prepared by incorporating the active compound in the required amount in an appropriate solvent with one or a combination of ingredients enumerated above, as required, followed by filtered sterilization.
  • dispersions are prepared by incorporating the active compound into a sterile vehicle that contains a basic dispersion medium and the required other ingredients from those enumerated above.
  • methods of preparation are vacuum drying and freeze-drying that yields a powder of the active ingredient plus any additional desired ingredient from a previously sterile-filtered solution thereof. Where the composition is lyophilized, sterilization using this method may be conducted either prior to or following lyophilization and reconstitution.
  • compositions for parenteral administration may be stored in lyophilized form or in solution.
  • parenteral compositions generally are placed into a container having a sterile access port, for example, an intravenous solution bag or vial having a stopper pierceable by a hypodermic injection needle.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is administered to a subject through any route, including orally, transdermally, by inhalation, intravenously, intra-arterially, intramuscularly, direct application to a wound site, application to a surgical site, intraperitoneally, by suppository, subcutaneously, intradermally, transcutaneously, by nebulization, intrapleurally, intraventricularly, intra-articularly, intraocularly, or intraspinally.
  • Oral compositions generally include an inert diluent or an edible carrier. They can be enclosed in gelatin capsules or compressed into tablets. For the purpose of oral therapeutic administration, the active compound can be incorporated with excipients and used in the form of tablets, troches, or capsules. Oral compositions can also be prepared using a fluid carrier for use as a mouthwash, wherein the compound in the fluid carrier is applied orally and swished and expectorated or swallowed. Pharmaceutically compatible binding agents, and/or adjuvant materials can be included as part of the composition.
  • Systemic administration can also be by transmucosal or transdermal means.
  • penetrants appropriate to the barrier to be permeated are used in the formulation.
  • penetrants are generally known in the art, and include, for example, for transmucosal administration, detergents, bile salts, and fusidic acid derivatives.
  • Transmucosal administration can be accomplished through the use of nasal sprays or suppositories.
  • the active compounds are formulated into ointments, salves, gels, or creams as generally known in the art.
  • the Therapeutics are prepared with carriers that will protect the compound against rapid elimination from the body, such as sustained/controlled release formulations, including implants and microencapsulated delivery systems.
  • sustained/controlled release formulations including implants and microencapsulated delivery systems.
  • Biodegradable, biocompatible polymers can be used, such as ethylene vinyl acetate, polyanhydrides, polyglycolic acid, collagen, polyorthoesters, and polylactic acid. Methods for preparation of such formulations will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
  • the Therapeutics can be entrapped in microcapsules prepared, for example, by coacervation techniques or by interfacial polymerization, for example, hydroxymethylcellulose or gelatin-microcapsules and poly-(methylmethacrylate) microcapsules, respectively, in colloidal drug delivery systems (for example, liposomes, albumin microspheres, microemulsions, nano-particles, and nanocapsules) or in macroemulsions.
  • colloidal drug delivery systems for example, liposomes, albumin microspheres, microemulsions, nano-particles, and nanocapsules
  • the pharmaceutical composition comprises a pharmaceutically-acceptable excipient, for example a filler, binder, coating, preservative, lubricant, flavoring agent, sweetening agent, coloring agent, a solvent, a buffering agent, a chelating agent, or stabilizer.
  • a pharmaceutically-acceptable excipient for example a filler, binder, coating, preservative, lubricant, flavoring agent, sweetening agent, coloring agent, a solvent, a buffering agent, a chelating agent, or stabilizer.
  • pharmaceutically-acceptable fillers include cellulose, dibasic calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, microcrystalline cellulose, sucrose, lactose, glucose, mannitol, sorbitol, maltol, pregelatinized starch, corn starch, or potato starch.
  • Examples of pharmaceutically-acceptable binders include polyvinylpyrrolidone, starch, lactose, xylitol, sorbitol, maltitol, gelatin, sucrose, polyethylene glycol, methyl cellulose, or cellulose.
  • Examples of pharmaceutically-acceptable coatings include hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), shellac, corn protein zein, or gelatin.
  • Examples of pharmaceutically-acceptable disintegrants include polyvinylpyrrolidone, carboxymethyl cellulose, or sodium starch glycolate.
  • Examples of pharmaceutically-acceptable lubricants include polyethylene glycol, magnesium stearate, or stearic acid.
  • Examples of pharmaceutically-acceptable preservatives include methyl parabens, ethyl parabens, propyl paraben, benzoic acid, or sorbic acid.
  • Examples of pharmaceutically-acceptable sweetening agents include sucrose, saccharine, aspartame, or sorbitol.
  • Examples of pharmaceutically-acceptable buffering agents include carbonates, citrates, gluconates, acetates, phosphates, or tartrates.
  • Sustained-release preparations can be prepared. Suitable examples of sustained-release preparations include semipermeable matrices of solid hydrophobic polymers containing the antibody, which matrices are in the form of shaped articles, e.g., films, or microcapsules.
  • the pharmaceutical composition further comprises an agent for the controlled or sustained release of the product, such as injectable microspheres, bio-erodible particles, polymeric compounds (polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid), beads, or liposomes.
  • sustained-release matrices include polyesters, hydrogels (for example, poly(2-hydroxyethyl-methacrylate), or poly(vinylalcohol)), polylactides (U.S. Pat. No.
  • copolymers of L-glutamic acid and ⁇ ethyl-L-glutamate copolymers of L-glutamic acid and ⁇ ethyl-L-glutamate, non-degradable ethylene-vinyl acetate, degradable lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymers such as the LUPRON DEPOTTM (injectable microspheres composed of lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer and leuprolide acetate), and poly-D-( ⁇ )-3-hydroxybutyric acid. While polymers such as ethylene-vinyl acetate and lactic acid-glycolic acid enable release of molecules for over 100 days, certain hydrogels release proteins for shorter time periods.
  • Dosage unit form refers to physically discrete units suited as unitary dosages for the subject to be treated; each unit containing a predetermined quantity of active compound calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect in association with the required pharmaceutical carrier.
  • the specification for the dosage unit forms of the disclosure are dictated by and directly dependent on the unique characteristics of the active compound and the particular therapeutic effect to be achieved, and the limitations inherent in the art of compounding such an active compound for the treatment of individuals.
  • the dosage of the pharmaceutical composition is a single dose or a repeated dose.
  • the doses are given to a subject once per day, twice per day, three times per day, or four or more times per day.
  • about 1 or more (such as about 2 or more, about 3 or more, about 4 or more, about 5 or more, about 6 or more, or about 7 or more) doses are given in a week.
  • multiple doses are given over the course of days, weeks, months, or years.
  • a course of treatment is about 1 or more doses (such as about 2 or more does, about 3 or more doses, about 4 or more doses, about 5 or more doses, about 7 or more doses, about 10 or more doses, about 15 or more doses, about 25 or more doses, about 40 or more doses, about 50 or more doses, or about 100 or more doses).
  • the pharmaceutical composition is administered to a subject.
  • dosages and routes of administration of the pharmaceutical composition are determined according to the size and condition of the subject, according to standard pharmaceutical practice.
  • the therapeutically effective dose can be estimated initially either in cell culture assays or in animal models such as mice, rats, rabbits, dogs, pigs, or monkeys. An animal model may also be used to determine the appropriate concentration range and route of administration. Such information can then be used to determine useful doses and routes for administration in humans. The exact dosage will be determined in light of factors related to the subject requiring treatment. Dosage and administration are adjusted to provide sufficient levels of the active compound or to maintain the desired effect.
  • Factors that may be taken into account include the severity of the disease state, the general health of the subject, the age, weight, and gender of the subject, time and frequency of administration, drug combination(s), reaction sensitivities, and response to therapy.
  • the optimal dosage and treatment regime for a particular patient can readily be determined by one skilled in the art of medicine by monitoring the patient for signs of disease and adjusting the treatment accordingly.
  • Such methods and uses include therapeutic methods and uses, for example, involving administration of the molecules or compositions containing the same, to a subject having a disease, condition, or disorder, such as a tumor or cancer.
  • the molecule and/or composition is administered in an effective amount to effect treatment of the disease or disorder.
  • Uses include uses of the multispecific polypeptide constructs in such methods and treatments, and in the preparation of a medicament in order to carry out such therapeutic methods.
  • the methods are carried out by administering the multispecific polypeptide constructs, or compositions comprising the same, to the subject having or suspected of having the disease or condition.
  • the methods thereby treat the disease or condition or disorder in the subject.
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct of the disclosure may be used as therapeutic agents. Such agents will generally be employed to diagnose, prognose, monitor, treat, alleviate, and/or prevent a disease or pathology in a subject.
  • a therapeutic regimen is carried out by identifying a subject, e.g., a human patient or other mammal suffering from (or at risk of developing) a disorder using standard methods.
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct is administered to the subject.
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct is administered to the subject and will generally have an effect due to its binding with the target(s).
  • provided herein is a method of modulating an immune response in a subject by administering a therapeutically effective amount of any of the provided multispecific conjugates or pharmaceutical compositions.
  • the method of modulating an immune response increases or enhances an immune response in a subject.
  • the increase or enhanced response may be an increase in cell-mediated immunity.
  • the method increases T-cell activity, such as cytolytic T-cell (CTL) activity.
  • CTL cytolytic T-cell
  • the modulated (e.g., increased) immune response is against a tumor or cancer.
  • Administration of the multispecific polypeptide construct may activate innate immune cells via engagement of Fc ⁇ Rs through the Fc-region of the multispecific polypeptide construct.
  • Administration of the multispecific polypeptide construct may agonize, stimulate, activate, and/or augment innate immune cell effector functions, including ADCC, cytokine release, degranulation and/or ADCP.
  • administration of the multispecific polypeptide construct may activate T-cell once the linker(s) joining the first and second component is cleaved by a protease thereby allowing the anti-CD3 binding portion to bind CD3 ⁇ on the T cells.
  • Administration of the multispecific polypeptide construct may agonize, stimulate, activate, and/or augment CD3-mediated T cell activation, cytotoxicity, cytokine release and/or proliferation.
  • the provided methods are for treating a disease or condition in a subject by administering a therapeutically effective amount of any of the provided multispecific conjugates or pharmaceutical compositions.
  • the disease or condition is a tumor or a cancer.
  • alleviation or treatment of a disease or disorder involves the lessening of one or more symptoms or medical problems associated with the disease or disorder.
  • the therapeutically effective amount of the drug can accomplish one or a combination of the following: reduce the number of cancer cells; reduce the tumor size; inhibit (i.e., to decrease to some extent and/or stop) cancer cell infiltration into peripheral organs; inhibit tumor metastasis; inhibit, to some extent, tumor growth; and/or relieve to some extent one or more of the symptoms associated with the cancer.
  • a composition of this disclosure can be used to prevent the onset or reoccurrence of the disease or disorder in a subject, e.g., a human or other mammal, such as a non-human primate, companion animal (e.g., cat, dog, horse), farm animal, work animal, or zoo animal.
  • a subject e.g., a human or other mammal, such as a non-human primate, companion animal (e.g., cat, dog, horse), farm animal, work animal, or zoo animal.
  • subject and patient are used interchangeably herein.
  • the pharmaceutical composition can be used to inhibit growth of mammalian cancer cells (such as human cancer cells).
  • a method of treating cancer can include administering an effective amount of any of the pharmaceutical compositions described herein to a subject with cancer.
  • the effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition can be administered to inhibit, halt, or reverse progression of cancers.
  • Human cancer cells can be treated in vivo, or ex vivo. In ex vivo treatment of a human patient, tissue or fluids containing cancer cells are treated outside the body and then the tissue or fluids are reintroduced back into the patient.
  • the cancer is treated in a human patient in vivo by administration of the therapeutic composition into the patient.
  • Non-liming examples of disease include: all types of cancers (breast, lung, colorectal, prostate, melanomas, head and neck, pancreatic, etc.), rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disuse, SLE, cardiovascular damage, ischemia, etc.
  • indications would include leukemias, including T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), lymphoblastic diseases including multiple myeloma, and solid tumors, including lung, colorectal, prostate, pancreatic, and breast, including triple negative breast cancer.
  • T-ALL T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
  • lymphoblastic diseases including multiple myeloma
  • solid tumors including lung, colorectal, prostate, pancreatic, and breast, including triple negative breast cancer.
  • indications include bone disease or metastasis in cancer, regardless of primary tumor origin; breast cancer, including by way of non-limiting example, ER/PR+ breast cancer, Her2+ breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer; colorectal cancer; endometrial cancer; gastric cancer; glioblastoma; head and neck cancer, such as esophageal cancer; lung cancer, such as by way of non-limiting example, non-small cell lung cancer; multiple myeloma ovarian cancer; pancreatic cancer; prostate cancer; sarcoma, such as osteosarcoma; renal cancer, such as by way of nonlimiting example, renal cell carcinoma; and/or skin cancer, such as by way of nonlimiting example, squamous cell cancer, basal cell carcinoma, or melanoma.
  • breast cancer including by way of non-limiting example, ER/PR+ breast cancer, Her2+ breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer
  • colorectal cancer endometrial cancer
  • gastric cancer such as by way of non-limiting example,
  • the cancer is a squamous cell cancer. In some embodiments, the cancer is a skin squamous cell carcinoma. In some embodiments, the cancer is an esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. In some embodiments, the cancer is a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In some embodiments, the cancer is a lung squamous cell carcinoma.
  • a therapeutically effective amount of a multispecific polypeptide construct of the disclosure relates generally to the amount needed to achieve a therapeutic objective. As noted above, this may be a binding interaction between the multispecific polypeptide construct and its target antigen(s) that, in certain cases, agonize, stimulate, activate, and/or augment Fc ⁇ R-mediated innate immune cell activation or CD3-mediated T cell activation.
  • the amount required to be administered will furthermore depend on the binding affinity of the multispecific polypeptide construct for its specific antigen(s), and will also depend on the rate at which an administered multispecific polypeptide construct is depleted from the free volume other subject to which it is administered.
  • Common ranges for therapeutically effective dosing of a multispecific polypeptide construct may be, by way of nonlimiting example, from about 0.01 ⁇ g/kg body weight to about 10 mg/kg body weight. In some embodiments, the therapeutically effective dosing of a multispecific polypeptide construct of the disclosure may be, by way of nonlimiting example, from about 0.01 mg/kg body weight to about 5-10 mg/kg body weight. Common dosing frequencies may range, for example, from twice daily to once a week.
  • Efficaciousness of treatment is determined in association with any known method for diagnosing or treating the particular disorder.
  • Methods for the screening of multispecific polypeptide construct that possess the desired specificity include, but are not limited to, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and other immunologically mediated techniques known within the art.
  • ELISA enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
  • a variety of means are known for determining if administration of the provided multispecific polypeptide constructs sufficiently modulates immunological activity by eliminating, sequestering, or inactivating immune cells mediating or capable of mediating an undesired immune response; inducing, generating, or turning on immune cells that mediate or are capable of mediating a protective immune response; changing the physical or functional properties of immune cells; or a combination of these effects.
  • measurements of the modulation of immunological activity include, but are not limited to, examination of the presence or absence of immune cell populations (using flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, histology, electron microscopy, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)); measurement of the functional capacity of immune cells including ability or resistance to proliferate or divide in response to a signal (such as using T-cell proliferation assays and pepscan analysis based on 3H-thymidine incorporation following stimulation with anti-CD3 antibody, anti-T-cell receptor antibody, anti-CD28 antibody, calcium ionophores, PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) antigen presenting cells loaded with a peptide or protein antigen; B cell proliferation assays); measurement of the ability to kill or lyse other cells (such as cytotoxic T cell assays); measurements of the cytokines, chemokines, cell surface molecules, antibodies and other products of the cells (e.g., by flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, Western blot
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct are also useful in a variety of diagnostic and prophylactic formulations.
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct is administered to patients that are at risk of developing one or more of the aforementioned disorders.
  • a patient's or organ's predisposition to one or more of the disorders can be determined using genotypic, serological or biochemical markers.
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct is administered to human individuals diagnosed with a clinical indication associated with one or more of the aforementioned disorders. Upon diagnosis, a multispecific polypeptide construct is administered to mitigate or reverse the effects of the clinical indication.
  • additional agents include current pharmaceutical and/or surgical therapies for an intended application.
  • the Therapeutic(s) can be used in conjunction with an additional chemotherapeutic or anti-neoplastic agent.
  • the Therapeutic(s) and additional agent are formulated into a single therapeutic composition, and the Therapeutic(s) and additional agent are administered simultaneously.
  • the Therapeutic(s) and additional agent are separate from each other, e.g., each is formulated into a separate therapeutic composition, and the Therapeutic(s) and the additional agent are administered simultaneously, or the Therapeutic(s) and the additional agent are administered at different times during a treatment regimen.
  • the Therapeutic(s) is administered prior to the administration of the additional agent, the Therapeutic(s) is administered subsequent to the administration of the additional agent, or the Therapeutic(s) and the additional agent are administered in an alternating fashion.
  • the Therapeutic(s) and additional agent are administered in single doses or in multiple doses.
  • the additional agent is coupled or otherwise attached to the Therapeutic(s).
  • Suitable additional agents are selected according to the purpose of the intended application (i.e., killing, prevention of cell proliferation, hormone therapy or gene therapy).
  • Such agents may include but is not limited to, for example, pharmaceutical agents, toxins, fragments of toxins, alkylating agents, enzymes, antibiotics, antimetabolites, antiproliferative agents, hormones, neurotransmitters, DNA, RNA, siRNA, oligonucleotides, antisense RNA, aptamers, diagnostics, radiopaque dyes, radioactive isotopes, fluorogenic compounds, magnetic labels, nanoparticles, marker compounds, lectins, compounds that alter cell membrane permeability, photochemical compounds, small molecules, liposomes, micelles, gene therapy vectors, viral vectors, and the like.
  • combinations of agents or combinations of different classes of agents may be used.
  • the multispecific polypeptide constructs are administered in combination therapy, i.e., combined with other agents, e.g., therapeutic agents, that are useful for treating pathological conditions or disorders, such as autoimmune disorders and inflammatory diseases.
  • agents e.g., therapeutic agents
  • the term “in combination” in this context means that the agents are given substantially contemporaneously, either simultaneously or sequentially. If given sequentially, at the onset of administration of the second compound, the first of the two compounds is still detectable at effective concentrations at the site of treatment.
  • the combination therapy can include one or more multispecific polypeptide constructs of the disclosure co-formulated with, and/or co-administered with, one or more additional therapeutic agents, e.g., one or more cytokine and growth factor inhibitors, immunosuppressants, anti-inflammatory agents, metabolic inhibitors, enzyme inhibitors, and/or cytotoxic or cytostatic agents, as described in more detail below.
  • one or more multispecific polypeptide constructs described herein may be used in combination with two or more of the therapeutic agents described herein.
  • Such combination therapies may advantageously utilize lower dosages of the administered therapeutic agents, thus avoiding possible toxicities or complications associated with the various monotherapies.
  • one or more multispecific polypeptide constructs of the disclosure can be co-formulated with, and/or co-administered with, one or more anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants, or metabolic or enzymatic inhibitors.
  • drugs or inhibitors that can be used in combination with the antibodies described herein, include, but are not limited to, one or more of: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug(s) (NSAIDs), e.g., ibuprofen, tenidap, naproxen, meloxicam, piroxicam, diclofenac, and indomethacin; sulfasalazine; corticosteroids such as prednisolone; cytokine suppressive anti-inflammatory drug(s) (CSAIDs); inhibitors of nucleotide biosynthesis, e.g., inhibitors of purine biosynthesis, folate antagonists (e.g., methotrexate (N-[4-[[(2,4-d
  • additional inhibitors include one or more of: corticosteroids (oral, inhaled and local injection); immunosuppressants, e.g., cyclosporin, tacrolimus (FK-506); and mTOR inhibitors, e.g., sirolimus (rapamycin—RAPAMUNETM or rapamycin derivatives, e.g., soluble rapamycin derivatives (e.g., ester rapamycin derivatives, e.g., CCI-779); agents that interfere with signaling by proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF ⁇ or IL-1 (e.g.
  • corticosteroids oral, inhaled and local injection
  • immunosuppressants e.g., cyclosporin, tacrolimus (FK-506)
  • mTOR inhibitors e.g., sirolimus (rapamycin—RAPAMUNETM or rapamycin derivatives, e.g., soluble rapamycin derivatives (e.g., ester
  • IRAK, NIK, IKK, p38 or MAP kinase inhibitors COX2 inhibitors, e.g., celecoxib, rofecoxib, and variants thereof; phosphodiesterase inhibitors, e.g., R973401 (phosphodiesterase Type IV inhibitor); phospholipase inhibitors, e.g., inhibitors of cytosolic phospholipase 2 (cPLA2) (e.g., trifluoromethyl ketone analogs); inhibitors of vascular endothelial cell growth factor or growth factor receptor, e.g., VEGF inhibitor and/or VEGF-R inhibitor; and inhibitors of angiogenesis.
  • COX2 inhibitors e.g., celecoxib, rofecoxib, and variants thereof
  • phosphodiesterase inhibitors e.g., R973401 (phosphodiesterase Type IV inhibitor)
  • phospholipase inhibitors e.g., inhibitors
  • Suitable therapeutic agents for use in combination with the antibodies of the disclosure are immunosuppressants, e.g., cyclosporin, tacrolimus (FK-506); mTOR inhibitors, e.g., sirolimus (rapamycin) or rapamycin derivatives, e.g., soluble rapamycin derivatives (e.g., ester rapamycin derivatives, e.g., CCI-779); COX2 inhibitors, e.g., celecoxib and variants thereof; and phospholipase inhibitors, e.g., inhibitors of cytosolic phospholipase 2 (cPLA2), e.g., trifluoromethyl ketone analogs.
  • immunosuppressants e.g., cyclosporin, tacrolimus (FK-506)
  • mTOR inhibitors e.g., sirolimus (rapamycin) or rapamycin derivatives, e.g., soluble rap
  • 6-MP 6-mercaptopurines
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct comprising a first component comprising an immunoglobulin Fc region and a second component comprising a CD3-binding region, wherein:
  • the first and second components are coupled by a non-cleavable linker, wherein the Fc region is positioned N-terminal to the CD3-binding region;
  • one or both of the first and second components comprises an antigen binding domain that binds a tumor associated antigen (TAA).
  • TAA tumor associated antigen
  • TAA tumor associated antigen
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct wherein the multispecific construct comprises in order, from N-terminus to C-terminus:
  • TAA tumor-associated antigen
  • CD3 ⁇ a CD3 binding region that binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ );
  • TAA tumor-associated antigen
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct wherein the multispecific construct comprises in order, from N-terminus to C-terminus:
  • CD3 ⁇ a CD3 binding region that binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ );
  • TAA tumor-associated antigen
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct wherein the multispecific construct comprises in order, from N-terminus to C-terminus:
  • TAA tumor-associated antigen
  • CD3 ⁇ a CD3 binding region that binds CD3 (CD3 ⁇ ).
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct of any of embodiments 1-10, wherein the Fc region comprises a polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 or a sequence of amino acids that has at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:1.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct of any of embodiments 1-10, wherein the Fc region comprises a polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2 or a sequence of amino acids that has at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:2;
  • the Fc region comprises a polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4 or a sequence of amino acids that has at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:4; or
  • the Fc region comprises a polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5 or a sequence of amino acids that has at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:5.
  • each of the Fc polypeptides of the heterodimeric Fc independently comprise at least one amino acid modification.
  • each of the Fc polypeptides of the heterodimeric Fc comprise a knob-into-hole modification or comprise a charge mutation to increase electrostatic complementarity of the polypeptides.
  • first and second Fc polypeptides further comprises a modification of a non-cysteine residue to a cysteine residue, wherein the modification of the first polypeptide is at one of the position Ser354 and Y349 and the modification of the second Fc polypeptide is at the other of the position Ser354 and Y349.
  • the Fc region comprises a polypeptide comprising at least one amino acid modification that reduces effector function and/or reduces binding to an effector molecule selected from an Fc gamma receptor or C1q.
  • VH variable heavy chain region
  • VL variable light chain region
  • VH and VL that comprise the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen binding fragment are linked to opposite polypeptides of the heterodimeric Fc;
  • the first and second components are coupled by a non-cleavable linker, wherein the heterodimeric Fc region is positioned N-terminal to the anti-CD3 antibody;
  • the immune effector cell is an activated T cell, a natural killer (NK) cell, or an NK T cell.
  • MMP matrix metalloprotease
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct of any of embodiments 45-74 wherein the multispecific polypeptide construct comprises at least (i) a first polypeptide comprising the first Fc polypeptide of the heterodimeric Fc region, the linker and the VH domain of the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen binding fragment; and (ii) a second polypeptide comprising the second Fc polypeptide of the heterodimeric Fc region, the linker and the VL domain of the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen binding fragment, wherein one or both of the first and second polypeptide comprise at least one antigen-binding domain that binds to a tumor associated antigen (TAA).
  • TAA tumor associated antigen
  • the antigen binding domain or independently each of the antigen binding domains, is an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof selected from the group consisting of a Fab fragment, a F(ab′)2 fragment, an Fv fragment, a scFv, a scAb, a dAb, a single domain heavy chain antibody, and a single domain light chain antibody.
  • the multispecific polypeptide construct of embodiment 81, wherein the antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof is a Fv, a scFv, a Fab, a single domain antibody (sdAb), a VNAR, or a VHH.
  • a third polypeptide comprising a VH-CH1 (Fd) or VL-CL of a Fab antibody fragment that binds to a tumor-associated antigen, wherein the first and/or second polypeptide further comprises the other of the VH-CH1 (Fd) or VL-CL of the Fab antibody fragment.
  • multispecific polypeptide construct of any of embodiments 1-96 wherein multispecific antigen binding domain comprises at least a first antigen binding domain and a second antigen binding domain wherein the first antigen binding domain and the second antigen binding domain bind a different TAA.
  • multispecific polypeptide construct of any of embodiments 5-97, wherein the multispecific polypeptide construct comprises a first linking peptide (LP1) between the first antigen binding domain and the Fc region.
  • LP1 first linking peptide
  • multispecific polypeptide construct of any of embodiments 5-98, wherein the multispecific polypeptide construct comprises a second linking peptide (LP2) between the CD3 binding region and the second antigen binding domain.
  • LP2 second linking peptide
  • LP1 linking peptide
  • LP2 second linking peptide
  • LP1 or LP2 independently comprise a peptide that is or comprises any Gly-Ser linker as set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 10-13, 119, 135, 147, 149 or GGS.
  • dsFv disulfide stabilized anti-CD3 binding Fv fragment
  • the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen-binding fragment comprises a VH CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence TYAMN (SEQ ID NO: 16) or SEQ ID NO:211; a VH CD2 comprising the amino acid sequence RIRSKYNNYATYYADSVKD (SEQ ID NO: 17) or SEQ ID NO:212; a VH CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence HGNFGNSYVSWFAY (SEQ ID NO: 18), a VL CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence RSSTGAVTTSNYAN (SEQ ID NO: 19); a VL CDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence GTNKRAP (SEQ ID NO: 20); and a VL CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence ALWYSNLWV (SEQ ID NO: 21): or the anti-CD3 antibody or antigen-binding fragment comprises a VH CDR1 sequence that includes at least the amino acid sequence GFTFNTYAMN (SEQ ID NO: 211); a VH CDR2 sequence
  • VH having the amino acid sequence of any of SEQ ID NOS: 14 and 32-62 or a sequence that exhibits at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% sequence identity to any of SEQ ID NOS: 14 and 32-62;
  • VL having the amino acid sequence of any of SEQ ID NOS: 15 and 63-81 or a sequence that exhibits at least 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% sequence identity to any of SEQ ID NOS: 14 and 32-62.
  • a polynucleotide comprising a first nucleic acid sequence encoding a first polypeptide of a mutispecific construct of any of embodiments 1-115 and a second nucleic acid sequence encoding a second polypeptide of the mutispecific construct, wherein the first and second nucleic acid sequence are separated by an internal ribosome entry site (IRES), or a nucleic acid encoding a self-cleaving peptide or a peptide that causes ribosome skipping.
  • IRS internal ribosome entry site
  • nucleic acid is separated from the first and/or second polypeptide by an internal ribosome entry site (IRES), or a nucleic acid encoding a self-cleaving peptide or a peptide that causes ribosome skipping and/or the third nucleic acid sequence is operably linked to the same promoter as the first and/or second nucleic acid sequence.
  • IRS internal ribosome entry site
  • polynucleotide of any of embodiments 116-119, wherein the nucleic acid encoding a self-cleaving peptide or a peptide that causes ribosome skipping is selected from a T2A, a P2A, a E2A or a F2A.
  • a vector comprising the polynucleotide of any of embodiments 114-120.
  • the vector of embodiment 121 that is an expression vector.
  • the vector of embodiment 121 or 122 that is a viral vector or a eukaryotic vector, optionally wherein the eukaryotic vector is a mammalian vector.
  • a cell comprising polynucleotide or polynucleotides of any of embodiments 114-120, or a vector or vectors of any of embodiments 121-123.
  • the cell of embodiment 126, wherein the cell is a HEK293 or CHO cell.
  • a method of producing a multispecific polypeptide construct comprising introducing into a cell a polynucleotide or polynucleotides of any of embodiments 114-120 or a vector or vectors of any of embodiments 121-123 and culturing the cell under conditions to produce the multispecific polypeptide construct.
  • a method of producing a multispecific polypeptide construct comprising culturing the cell of any of embodiments 124-127 under conditions in which the multispecific polypeptide is produced by the cell.
  • the cell of embodiment 130 wherein the cell is a HEK293 or CHO cell.
  • a multispecific polypeptide construct produced by the method of any of embodiments 128-133.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising the multispecific polypeptide construct of any of embodiments 1-113 or embodiment 134 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • composition of embodiment 135 that is sterile.
  • a method of stimulating or inducing an immune response comprising contacting a target cell and a T cell with the multispecific polypeptide construct of any of embodiments 1-113 or embodiment 134 or the pharmaceutical composition of embodiments 109 or embodiment 110, said target cell expressing a tumor associated antigen recognized by the multispecific polypeptide construct.
  • the target cell is a tumor cell expressing the tumor associated antigen (TAA).
  • TAA tumor associated antigen
  • a method of stimulating or inducing an immune response in a subject comprising administering, to a subject in need thereof, a therapeutically effective amount of the multispecific conjugate of any of embodiments 1-113 or embodiment 134 or the pharmaceutical composition of embodiments 109 or embodiment 110.
  • a method of treating a disease or condition in a subject comprising administering, to a subject in need thereof, a therapeutically effective amount of the multispecific conjugate of any of embodiments 1-113 or the pharmaceutical composition of embodiments 135 or embodiment 136.
  • Example 1 describes the generation and expression of multispecific polypeptide constructs containing a CD3 binding region that exhibits constrained CD3 binding.
  • the multispecific constructs were generated in various configurations, as shown in FIG. 1 , FIGS. 2A-2B , FIGS. 3A-3C and FIGS. 4A-4B , to contain a heterodimeric Fc region of an immunoglobulin coupled by a linker (e.g. a non-cleavable linker) to the CD3 binding region, and one or more antigen binding domains that binds a tumor associated antigen (TAA) positioned amino-terminally relative to the Fc region and/or carboxy-terminally relative to the CD3 binding region of the multispecific polypeptide construct.
  • a linker e.g. a non-cleavable linker
  • Polynucleotides encoding at least a first polypeptide chain and a second polypeptide chain of the heterodimeric multispecific polypeptide construct were generated and cloned into a plasmid for expression.
  • the first polypeptide chain generally included in order, from the N-terminus to C-terminus, a first Fc polypeptide (e.g. an Fc hole polypeptide); a non-cleavable linker; and a variable light (VL) domain of an anti-CD3 antibody.
  • the second polypeptide chain generally included in order, from the N-terminus to C-terminus, a second Fc polypeptide (e.g.
  • an Fc knob polypeptide the same non-cleavable linker as the first polypeptide chain; and a variable heavy (VH) domain of an anti-CD3 antibody.
  • the anti-CD3 antibody included either a disulfide-stabilized (dsFv) antibody (anti-CD3 VH with the mutation G44C and VL with the mutation G100C) or contained a non-disulfide stabilized Fv antibody, as set forth in Tables E1.1 and E1.2.
  • dsFv disulfide-stabilized
  • Various exemplary Fc polypeptide pairs to facilitate heterodimerization of the polypeptide chains were used as set forth in Tables E1.1 and Table E1.2.
  • One or both of the polypeptide chains additionally encoded one or more TAA antigen binding domain amino-terminal to the Fc domain and/or carboxy-terminal to the CD3 binding region, in various configurations. Similar constructs can be generated using other heterodimeric Fc configurations, including other knob-into-hole configurations, such as any as described; other CD3-binding regions, including other anti-CD3 antibodies, including dsFv or other monovalent fragments; or other TAA antigen-binding fragments, such as scFv, sdAb or Fab formats can also be used.
  • the non-cleavable linker included linkers ranging from 3-18 amino acids in size.
  • Examples of non-cleavable linkers used in exemplary generated molecules were GGS (e.g. contained in exemplary construct cx1356), GGSGGS (SEQ ID NO:10, contained in exemplary construct cx1357), GGSGGSGGS (SEQ ID NO:11, contained in exemplary construct cx1358), GGSGGSGGSGGS (SEQ ID NO:12, contained in exemplary construct cx1359), GGSGGSGGSGGSGGS (SEQ ID NO:13, contained in exemplary construct cx1360), and GGGGGSGGGGGSGGGGGS (SEQ ID NO:119, contained in exemplary construct cx5823 and cx5952) or GGSGGGGSGGGGSGGGGS (SEQ ID NO: 147, contained in exemplary construct cx681).
  • any antigen binding domain that binds to a TAA can be employed in the provided multispecific polypeptide constructs.
  • Exemplary generated proteins contained an antigen binding domain that binds Folate Receptor Alpha (FR ⁇ ), B7H3 (CD276), or Delta-like 3 (DLL3).
  • the antigen-binding domain can include single chain fragments (e.g. sdAb or scFv) or two chain antigen-binding fragments (Fabs).
  • the TAA antigen binding domain was linked at the N-terminus to one or both polypeptide chains of the Fc heterodimer (e.g.
  • a peptide linker e.g. PGGGG (SEQ ID NO:102) and/or was linked at the C-terminus to one or both domains (e.g. VH and/or VL) of the CD3 binding region by a peptide linker, e.g. GGGG (SEQ ID NO:103).
  • a peptide linker e.g. GGGG (SEQ ID NO:103).
  • Other similar peptide linkers can be employed.
  • TAA was provided as a Fab antigen-binding fragment the construct was composed of a VH and CH1 linked directly to one or both Fc polypeptides without a linker, as well as a light chain composed of a VL and CL.
  • These TAA binding Fabs can be located on the amino- or carboxy-terminus of the heterodimeric Fc.
  • Multispecific polypeptide constructs were generated containing 1, 2, 3 or 4 TAA antigen binding domain, such as to provide for monovalent, bivalent, trivalent, or tetravalent binding, respectively.
  • the TAA antigen binding domains were the same (mono-epitopic).
  • the TAA antigen binding domains were different, such that the generated multispecific polypeptide constructs exhibited specificity for at least two different TAAs, to different epitopes of the same TAA (bi-epitopic) or the same epitopes of the same TAA (mono-epitopic).
  • polypeptide chains were generated to encode polypeptide chains of exemplary multispecific polypeptide constructs containing non-cleavable linkers. These included constructs designated cx1356, cx1357, cx1358, cx1359, cx1360, and cx681, targeting FR ⁇ as depicted in FIG. 2B ; cx3072, cx5952, cx6079, cx6080, cx6081, cx5823, cx5873, and cx5965, targeting B7H3 as depicted in FIGS.
  • sdAbs single domain antibodies
  • constructs were generated wherein the VH domain of the dsFv anti-CD3 antibody and the sdAb were both linked to the same side (e.g. hole or knob side) of the Fc heterodimer (e.g. cx3072 and cx5952, shown in FIG. 3A ).
  • Constructs were engineered without a disulfide stabilized Fv or were engineered with a disulfide linkage stabilizing the VH and VL domains of the anti-CD3 antibody.
  • Some of the exemplary constructs generated additionally contained a sdAb (containing a CDR1, a CDR2 and a CDR3 set forth in SEQ ID Nos: 221, 222 and 223, respectively) targeting 4-1BB co-stimulatory receptor (e.g. cx5823, cx5873, cx5965, cx5352, cx5801, cx5800).
  • 4-1BB co-stimulatory receptor e.g. cx5823, cx5873, cx5965, cx5352, cx5801, cx5800.
  • Exemplary generated constructs also included constructs in which the TAA antigen binding domains were composed as a Fab (designated MAB formats).
  • an anti-B7H3 Fab was used composed of a heavy chain Fd set forth in SEQ ID NO:127 and a light chain set forth in SEQ ID NO:128.
  • Polynucleotides were generated to encode polypeptide chains of exemplary multispecific polypeptide constructs containing non-cleavable linkers. These included cx5067, cx6083, and cx6084, as depicted in FIG. 3C .
  • heterodimeric multispecific polypeptide constructs containing properly paired species of heterodimeric Fc and the anti-CD3 Fv (e.g. disulfide stabilized anti-CD3 Fv).
  • Purified heterodimeric constrained CD3 binding protein was stable and did not accumulate cross-paired species upon prolonged incubation at 4° C. or increased protein concentration.
  • This Example describes studies assessing binding of exemplary constructs to T cells or to cancer cells. These studies were carried out in single cultures containing either only the T cells or only the cancer cells in isolation from each other.
  • FR ⁇ Folate Receptor Alpha
  • Ovcar-5 FR ⁇ expressing cells
  • the tumor antigen binding domains of the tested constructs bind the Folate Receptor Alpha (FR ⁇ ), which is not expressed on the primary T cells.
  • the tested constructs included cx1356 and cx681, containing a non-cleavable linker of 3 amino acids in cx1356 or a non-cleavable linker of 18 amino acids in cx681 (see FIG. 2B and Table E1.1).
  • Binding of exemplary multispecific constructs containing an antigen-binding domain directed against B7H3 were assessed for binding to B7H3 positive A375 tumor cells or primary T-cells.
  • the constructs were generated containing antigen-binding domain(s) that were either sdAbs or a FABs, and that were positioned either only N-terminal to the Fc or both N-terminal to the Fc and C-terminal to the anti-CD3 binding domain (see FIGS. 3A and 3C and Table E1.1).
  • sdAb-Fc-dsFV-sdAb cx3072, cx5952
  • sdAb-Fc-FV cx6079
  • sdAb-Fc-dsFV c56080, cx6081
  • MAB-FV cx5067
  • MAB-dsFV cx6083, cx6084
  • FIGS. 6A-F demonstrate that these constructs are capable of binding to B7H3 but not T-cells in isolation. Binding was assessed as described above via flow cytometry using a fluorophore-conjugated anti-human Fc secondary antibody. cx3072 bound to A375 cells with high affinity ( FIG. 6A ) but not to isolated T-cells ( FIG. 6B ). The tested sdAb-Fc-dsFV-sdAb (cx5952) displayed higher binding affinity compared to a FAB containing MAB-FV (cx5067) and MAB-dsFV constructs (cx6083, cx6084) ( FIG. 6C ).
  • the effect of various length linkers between the Fc and the component domains (VH and VL) that comprise the CD3 binding region on T-cell activating capacity was tested using a Jurkat reporter assay.
  • the CD3 reporter cells were developed from Jurkat cells that naturally express CD3 and were engineered to express NFAT-driven green fluorescence protein (GFP). Agonism of CD3 results in NFAT signaling and production of green fluorescence.
  • Antigen targeting constrained CD3 engaging constructs were titrated onto co-cultures of target cells and Jurkat CD3 reporter cells.
  • target cells included either IGROV1 (FR ⁇ positive) or NCI-460 (FR ⁇ negative).
  • reporter assays utilizing adherent antigen expressing target cells target cells were seeded, allowed to settle at room temperature for uniform distribution, and incubated for several hours at 37° C. to permit adherence prior to addition of reporter cells and antigen targeting constrained CD3 engaging constructs. Assay plates were serially imaged using an IncuCyte ZOOM system and CD3 reporter cell activation was determined by measuring GFP expression as the total integrated green object in the well.
  • FR ⁇ -targeting constrained CD3 engaging constructs generated as described in Example 1 containing GlySer-based linkers of varying lengths as listed in Table E3 were used in these assays.
  • cx5067, cx6083 or cx6084 as the antigen-binding domain(s) were assessed (see FIGS. 3A-3C and Table E1.1). All tested constructs, except cx5067 and cx6079, contained a disulfide-stabilized anti-CD3 Fv (dsFv) containing an interchain disulfide bond created by the modification of anti-CD3 VH G44C paired with VL G100C.
  • the anti-CD3 Fv of cx5067, designated MAB-Fv was not disulfide-stabilized.
  • the NFAT-GFP CD3 Jurkat reporter described in Example 3 was used to compare the CD3 agonistic properties of B7H3-targeted constrained CD3 engaging constructs when co-cultured in the presence of B7H3-positive cells (A375) or non-target CCRF-CEM cells that naturally lack B7H3 expression.
  • anti-B7H3 sdAb constructs, cx5823, cx6079, cx6080 and cx6081, or anti-B7H3 Fabs constructs, cx5067, cx6083 and cx6084 were used as the B7H3-targeting domains. As shown in FIG.
  • the constructs containing B7H3-targeted sdAb displayed similar potencies of antigen-dependent CD3 activation.
  • the exemplary cx5823 construct containing B7H3-targeted sdAbs was found to be superior at mediating antigen-dependent CD3 activation compared to the constructs containing B7H3-targeted Fabs.
  • cx5823 is formatted with a binding domain for a costimulatory receptor, it is unlikely that this component contributed to the difference in results, since Jurkat T cells do not express the costimulatory receptor. None of the constructs demonstrated activity against the B7H3-negative CCRF-CEM cells ( FIGS. 8B and 8D ).
  • exemplary B7H3-targeted constructs cx3072 and cx5952 (each formatted as sdAb-dsFv), cx6083 and cx6084 (MAB-dsFv), cx5067 (MAB-Fv), cx6079 (sdAb-Fv), and cx6080 and cx 6081 (sdAb-dsFv) were tested in a T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity assay.
  • exemplary constructs cx3072 and cx5952 containing sdAb B7H3-targeted antigen-binding domains induced potent T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity of B7H3 positive (A375) but not B7H3 negative cell lines.
  • the exemplary cx5952 sdAb B7H3-targeting constrained CD3 engager mediated enhanced target-dependent T-cell cytotoxicity ( FIG. 10C ).
  • exemplary multispecific CD3 constrained binding constructs was assessed by monitoring the ability of the constructs to modulate T cell activation markers.
  • suspension cells from T cell cytotoxicity assays above involving culture of T cells with B7H3 positive (A375) or B7H3 negative cell lines (CCRF-CEM) in the presence of an exemplary B7H3-targeted constrained CD3 engaging construct, cx5952, were collected.
  • Cells were stained with a live/dead stain and fluorophore-conjugated anti-CD4, anti-CD8, anti-CD25, anti-CD69, and/or anti-CD71 antibodies.
  • Cells were analyzed using a SONY SA3800 spectral analyzer and CD4+ or CD8+ T cell activation was determined by measuring expression levels of CD25, CD69 or CD71 or percent CD25-, CD69- or CD71-positive.
  • the exemplary cx5952 sdAb B7H3-targeting constrained CD3 engager mediated increased T cell activation as evidenced by increased expression of CD25 in CD4+ T cells ( FIG. 11D ) and in CD8+ T cells ( FIG. 1111 ) and increased expression of CD71 in CD4+ T cells ( FIG. 11F ) and in CD8+ T cells ( FIG. 11J ).
  • the representative sdAb-Fc-dsFV-sdAb construct, cx5952 was superior to the tested B7H3-targeted FAB containing constructs, cx6083, cx6084 and cx5067 at eliciting target-dependent cytokine release from activated T-cells.
  • the MAB-dsFV constructs, cx6083 and cx6084 were superior to the MAB-FV construct, cx5067, demonstrating the importance of interdomain disulfide stabilizing modification for enhancing T-cell function.
  • the more potent B7H3-dependent T cell activity by cx5952 compared to other sdAb B7H3-targeting domain constructs suggests that the positioning of the B7H3-targeting sdAb C-terminal to the anti-CD3 binding domain or the fact that cx5952 binds two distinct epitopes on B7H3 whereas the other constructs tested bind to a single epitope in a bivalent manner, contributed to this enhanced activity.
  • B7H3 Antigen-dependent CD3 agonistic capacities of antigen-targeted constrained CD3 engaging constructs that engage the antigen in a monovalent or bivalent manner were assessed using CD3-NFAT Jurkat reporter cells, in an assay substantially as described above.
  • substantially increased fluorescence reporter activity was observed in the presence of the exemplary bivalent B7H3-targeted construct cx5187 compared to reporter activity for the exemplary monovalent constructs cs5873 and cx5965.
  • No reporter activity was observed when constructs were incubated with Jurkat reporter cells co-cultured with B7H3-negative CCRF target cells ( FIG. 13D ).
  • Cytotoxicity of B7H3-targeted CD3 constrained binding constructs was assessed against a melanoma cell line, A375, and a T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line, CCRF-CEM, which were used as B7H3 positive and negative cell lines, respectively. Cytotoxicity was assessed substantially as described in Example 4. As shown in FIG. 14A an exemplary bivalent B7H3-targeted constrained CD3 engaging construct, cx5187, displayed enhanced target-dependent T-cell mediated cytotoxicity compared to the monovalent versions of the constructs, cx5873 and cx5965. In these assays, no cytotoxicity was observed in the absence of B7H3 expression of the target cells, as shown in FIG. 14B wherein the CCRF-CEM cells were used as target cells.
  • bivalent antigen-targeted constrained CD3 engaging constructs displayed superior antigen-dependent CD3 binding and activity than the monovalent antigen-targeted constrained CD3 engaging constructs.
  • constructs containing dual antigen-binding domains positioned at both the N and C-termini have superior binding and T cell activity than monovalent constructs containing only a single monovalent antigen-binding domain.
  • positioning one of the sdAbs C-terminal to the CD3 binding domain may form a more optimal immune synapse compared to constructs wherein the sdAbs are only positioned N-terminal to the Fc as the latter may increase the immune synapse distance.
  • Example 6 Assessment of a CD3-Constrained Multispecific Constructs Containing B7I13-Targeting sdAb and Fab Domains
  • cx6079 was engineered to contain two identical B7H3-targeting sdAb domains, both located N-terminal to the Fc domain.
  • the Fvs of all three Fab constructs were engineered to be N-terminal to the Fc domain.
  • Cytotoxicity of B7H3-targeted CD3 constrained binding constructs was assessed substantially as described in Example 4. Cytotoxicity was assessed against a melanoma cell line, A375, and a T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line, CCRF-CEM, which were used as B7H3 positive and negative cell lines, respectively.
  • CCRF-CEM T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line
  • FIG. 16A the exemplary constrained CD3 engaging constructs formatted with B7H3-targeting sdAbs, cx5952 and cx6079, were superior at eliciting antigen-dependent T-cell cytotoxicity compared to the anti-B7H3 MAB constructs formatted with a Fab, cx5067, cx6083, and cx6084.
  • positioning one of the sdAbs C-terminal to the CD3 binding domain may form a more optimal immune synapse compared to constructs wherein the sdAbs are only positioned N-terminal to the Fc as the latter may increase the immune synapse distance.
  • DLL3-targeted constrained CD3 engaging constructs that were formatted with an anti-DLL3 sdAb (e.g. cx5352, cx5800, cx5801, and cx5499) as the antigen-binding domain(s) were assessed (see FIGS. 4A-4B and Table E1.1). All tested constructs contained a disulfide-stabilized anti-CD3 Fv (dsFv) containing an interchain disulfide bond created by the modification of anti-CD3 VH G44C paired with VL G100C.
  • dsFv disulfide-stabilized anti-CD3 Fv
  • Binding was assessed substantially as described in Example 2. As shown in FIG. 17A the bivalent DLL3-targeting constrained CD3 engaging constructs, cx5352 displayed higher affinity binding to DLL3 positive, SHP-77 cells compared to the monovalent versions, cx5800 and cx5801. None of the constructs tested displayed binding to DLL3-negative primary T cells, as depicted in FIG. 17B . These binding assays were conducted by flow cytometry, wherein bound constructs were detected using a fluorophore-conjugated anti-human IgG Fc secondary antibody.
  • Cytotoxicity of cx5499 a DLL3-targeted CD3 constrained binding construct formatted with two distinct sdAb binding domains located at its amino and carboxy termini, was assessed against a DLL3 expressing cell line, SHP-77, using an assay substantially as described in Example 4. As shown in FIG. 18A , cx5499 induced potent T-cell mediated cytotoxicity directed toward the SHP-77 cell line.
  • exemplary multispecific CD3 constrained binding constructs were assessed by monitoring the ability of the constructs to modulate T cell activation markers.
  • suspension cells from T cell cytotoxicity assays above involving culture of T cells with DLL3 positive SHP-77 cells in the presence of cx5499, in the presence of an exemplary DLL3-targeted constrained CD3 engaging constructs, were collected. Cells were stained with a live/dead stain and fluorophore-conjugated anti-CD4, anti-CD8, anti-CD25 and/or anti-CD69 antibodies. Cells were analyzed using a SONY SA3800 spectral analyzer and CD4+ or CD8+ T cell activation was determined by measuring expression levels of CD25 or CD69 or percent CD25- or CD69-positive.
  • FIG. 18B and FIG. 18D depict results for CD25 expression on CD4 T cells or CD8 T cells, respectively, upon culture of T cells with DLL3 positive, SHP-77 cells, in the presence of an exemplary DLL3-targeted constrained CD3 engaging construct, cx5499.
  • constrained anti-CD3 constructs formatted with anti-DLL3 sdAb binding domains are capable of binding to a DLL3-expressing cell line, SHP-77, and eliciting antigen-dependent T-cell cytotoxicity and activation.
  • This result is consistent with a finding that the constrained CD3 engaging constructs of the disclosure have broad applicability to specifically target numerous tumor antigens and elicit T-cell cytotoxicity and activation against target-expressing cells.

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