US20060156673A1 - Block for constructions, panel for construction using the block, and method of forming panel for construction - Google Patents

Block for constructions, panel for construction using the block, and method of forming panel for construction Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060156673A1
US20060156673A1 US10/563,798 US56379804A US2006156673A1 US 20060156673 A1 US20060156673 A1 US 20060156673A1 US 56379804 A US56379804 A US 56379804A US 2006156673 A1 US2006156673 A1 US 2006156673A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
construction
blocks
stretching members
panel
block
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US10/563,798
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English (en)
Inventor
Mituo Nakamura
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Tama Home Co Ltd
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Individual
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Assigned to TAMA HOME CO., LTD. reassignment TAMA HOME CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NAKAMURA, MITUO
Publication of US20060156673A1 publication Critical patent/US20060156673A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/04—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
    • E04B5/043—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement having elongated hollow cores
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/26—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element the walls being characterised by fillings in all cavities in order to form a wall construction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/023—Separate connecting devices for prefabricated floor-slabs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/041—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres composed of a number of smaller elements, e.g. bricks, also combined with a slab of hardenable material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
    • E04B2002/0254—Tie rods

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a technique for constructing a flat structure such as a wall, a floor and a ceiling of a reinforced concrete building.
  • a construction method which has been employed heretofore is that a concrete mold is assembled at a construction site, and reinforcing bars are arranged in the mold, followed by casting of concrete.
  • connecting pin members are inserted into a plurality of pipe members implanted in top and bottom surfaces of the blocks to connect the blocks to each other, thereby constructing a wall, a basic foundation, or the like.
  • Patent Document 1 Unexamined Japanese Utility Model Registration Publication No. Sho 64-7618 (pages 5 to 9)
  • Patent Document 2 Unexamined Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 55-39569 (pages 3 to 8)
  • the use of the connecting pin members enables the blocks to be accurately and securely stacked.
  • the connecting pin members have to be provided on every boundary portion between the blocks abutting in a vertical direction, the work requires a large amount of time and labor.
  • the connecting pin members do not pull the blocks to fix them to each other, if pulling force is loaded in axial directions of the connecting pin members at the boundary portions between the stacked and constructed blocks, the blocks may separate.
  • this block is preferable to the structures on which only compressive force in the axial directions of the connecting pin members is loaded, such as a wall, a fence and a basic foundation, it is not suitable for the structure such as a floor of a building where external force can be loaded in a direction of deflection.
  • the blocks has poor durability because the jointed portions of the blocks sometimes break up or cause a gap therebetween due to deterioration or shrinkage of the adhesive agent with passage of time after construction.
  • a problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a technique for constructing a flat structure such as a wall or a floor of a building in a relatively short time and an easy manner while improving durability of the flat structure.
  • a block for construction according to the present invention is a block for construction capable of constructing a flat structure by arranging the plurality of blocks in a flat state with outer peripheral surfaces thereof brought into contact with each other, the block for construction comprising a plurality of through holes formed for inserting linear or bar-like stretching members, and recessed parts formed on outer peripheral surfaces crossing an axial direction of the through holes to dispose, in a direction three-dimensionally crossing an axial direction of the stretching members, other stretching members.
  • the plurality of the blocks for construction are arranged in a flat state so as to have contact with each other on their outer peripheral surfaces in such a manner that the plurality of the through holes communicate with each other while inserting the stretching members into the plurality of the through holes and disposing the stretching members on the recessed parts.
  • the blocks for construction are bonded by pressure to form a flat structure.
  • the flat structure such as the wall or the floor can easily be constructed in a relatively short time.
  • the adjacent blocks for construction are bonded with pressure by the stretching members only, which causes no deterioration of an adhesive agent, leading to excellent durability.
  • the plurality of through holes may preferably be provided in parallel with each other with intervals therebetween in a through-thickness direction of a body of the block or in a direction perpendicular thereto.
  • the weight of the body of the block itself can be decreased, and heat insulation is also improved.
  • the cavities can communicate with each other in a direction along the surfaces, thereby decreasing the weight of the flat structure and improving the heat insulation thereof.
  • a panel for construction according to the present invention is a panel for construction formed by arranging the plurality of the above-described blocks for construction in a flat state with outer peripheral surfaces thereof brought into contact with each other with the plurality of through holes being communicated, inserting the stretching members into the plurality of through holes while disposing the stretching members on the recessed parts, and bonding the blocks for construction by pressure by generating tensile force on these stretching members.
  • a flat structure such as a wall or a floor of a building can be easily constructed in a relatively short time.
  • No adhesive agent is used at all, and thus the durability of the flat structure is also improved.
  • reaction force members for generating tensile force on the above-described stretching member may be attached to outer peripheral surfaces of the blocks for construction, which are located on peripheral portions of the panel for construction.
  • the reaction force members thus attached can appropriately generate tensile force on the stretching members, which further enhances the strength and durability.
  • the reaction force members are attached so as to cover whole peripheral portions like a frame, the rigidity is increased while the reaction force of the tensile force generated on the stretching members can be dispersed over the whole peripheral portions. Consequently, generation of cracks caused by stress concentration can be prevented.
  • a gap filling agent may intervene between the adjacent blocks for construction for dispersing reaction force.
  • a gap filling agent may intervene between the adjacent blocks for construction for dispersing reaction force.
  • the above-described gap filling agent to be employed may be a curable paste or a material deformable by the pressure of the bonded blocks for construction.
  • the curable paste refers to a substance which is a paste at the start of use and, after evaporation of water or a solvent, or through chemical reaction such as hardening reaction, has a property of hardening to the extent not to rupture by the pressure of the bonded blocks for construction.
  • the material deformable by the pressure of the bonded blocks means that at least a part of the material is deformable so as to fill the gap between the blocks along the shape of the gap when the material is clamped between the blocks for construction.
  • the gap filling agents having the above-described properties seep or cause deformation between the adjacent blocks for construction by the pressure exerted on the blocks for construction by the tensile force of the stretching members, and fill the gap existing between the blocks for construction.
  • most of the small gaps between the blocks for construction can be eliminated. Accordingly, the compressive stress generated between the blocks for construction is uniformly dispersed and transmitted through the gap filling agent, thereby preventing generation of cracks or ruptures due to stress concentration.
  • the above filling agents intervene between the adjacent blocks for construction when arranging the plurality of blocks in a flat state.
  • the blocks for construction are pressurized and bonded to fill the gaps between the blocks for construction.
  • a paper material cardboard, for example
  • a metallic material a steel sheet, for example
  • a cement paste or liquid glass is used as the curable paste, small gaps existing between the adjacent blocks for construction can be filled in without any unevenness and leaks, which leads to an excellent stress dispersing function. Similar to the above, it is preferable that the blocks for construction are bonded with pressure at the point that the cement paste or the liquid glass is hardened to the state in which it can transmit the compressive stress.
  • a block body having a solid structure may be used in a region close to the peripheral portion of the panel for construction.
  • the solid structure refers to a structure having neither a through hole nor a cavity except an opening for inserting a bolt.
  • a method of forming a panel for structure is a method comprising steps of arranging the plurality of above-described blocks for construction to be adjacent to each other in a flat state with a gap filling agent for dispersing stress intervening between outer peripheral surfaces of the blocks for construction and with the plurality of above-described through holes communicating with each other, inserting stretching members into the plurality of through holes while disposing stretching members on the above-described recessed parts, and loading tensile force on the stretching members to bond the blocks for construction with pressure.
  • a panel for construction suitable for a flat structure such as a wall or floor of a building can be easily formed in a relatively short time. Furthermore, the intervention of the gap filling agent eliminates generation of cracks or rupture due to stress concentration, thereby further improving the strength and the durability.
  • a block for construction capable of constructing a flat structure by arranging a plurality of the blocks with their outer peripheral surfaces brought into contact with each other, provided are a plurality of through holes formed for inserting linear or bar-like stretching members and recessed parts formed on outer peripheral surfaces crossing the axial direction of the through holes to dispose, in a direction three-dimensionally crossing the stretching members, other stretching members. Therefore, by simply arranging these blocks for structure in a flat state and connecting them, a flat structure such as a wall or a floor of a building can be constructed in a relatively short time and an easy manner while enhancing the durability of the flat structure.
  • a plurality of through holes is provided in parallel with each other with intervals therebetween in a through-thickness direction of a body of the block or a direction vertical thereto.
  • Cavities opening at more than one place provided on the above-described outer peripheral surfaces can decrease the weight of the block body itself and render heat insulation.
  • these cavities can communicate with each other in a direction along the surfaces so that the weight of the flat structure can be decreased while improving the heat insulation thereof.
  • a panel for construction is formed by arranging the blocks for construction as described in the above (1) to (3) in a flat state with outer peripheral surfaces thereof brought into contact with each other and with the plurality of through holes being communicated, inserting the stretching members into the plurality of through holes while disposing the stretching members on the recessed parts, and bonding the blocks for construction by pressure by generating tensile force on these stretching members.
  • a flat structure such as a wall or a floor of a building can be easily constructed in a relatively short time. No adhesive agent is used at all, and thus the durability of the flat structure is also improved.
  • reaction force members for generating tensile force on the above stretching members By attaching reaction force members for generating tensile force on the above stretching members to outer peripheral surfaces of the blocks for construction, which are located on peripheral portions, the strength and the durability can be further improved.
  • reaction force member As the reaction force member described above, if a block body having a solid structure is used in a region close to the peripheral portion of the panel for construction, it is possible to prevent the reaction force member from rupture or damage due to pulling force loaded on the reaction force member for generating tensile force on the stretching members.
  • the method of the present invention includes steps of arranging the plurality of blocks for construction described above (1) to (3) in a flat state to be adjacent to each other with a gap filling agent for dispersing stress intervening between outer peripheral surfaces of the blocks for construction and with the plurality of above-described through holes communicating with each other, inserting stretching members into the plurality of the through holes while disposing stretching members on the above-described recessed parts, and loading tensile force on the stretching members to bond the blocks for construction by pressure.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a block for construction of a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the block for construction in FIG. 1 ;
  • ( b ) is a front view of the same block; and
  • ( c ) is a side view of the same block.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a block for construction of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of the block for construction in FIG. 3 ;
  • ( b ) is a front view of the same block; and
  • ( c ) is a side view of the same block.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a panel for construction formed with the block for construction in FIG. 1 ; and ( b ) is a perspective view illustrating an arrangement of stretching members in the panel for construction.
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a corner portion of the panel for construction in FIG. 5 ( a ).
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a state where tensile force is loaded on the stretching members of the panel for construction in FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view illustrating a panel for construction formed with the block for construction in FIGS. 1 and 2 ; and ( b ) is a perspective view illustrating an arrangement of stretching members in this penal for construction.
  • FIG. 9 is a partially omitted perspective view illustrating a state where a wall and a floor of a building are constructed by the panel for construction in FIG. 5 ( a ) and FIG. 8 ( a ).
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating a fence constructed by combining panels for construction formed with the block for construction in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view illustrating a block for construction of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a side view of the block for construction in FIG. 11 .
  • FIG. 13 is a plan view illustrating a block for construction of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a side view of the block for construction in FIG. 13 .
  • FIG. 15 is a plan view of an auxiliary block which is used in combination with the block for construction in FIGS. 11 and 13 .
  • FIG. 16 is a side view of the auxiliary block in FIG. 15 .
  • FIG. 17 is a perspective view illustrating a panel for construction formed with the block for construction in FIGS. 11 and 13 .
  • FIG. 18 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the panel for construction in FIG. 17 .
  • FIG. 19 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the panel for construction in FIG. 17 ; and ( b ) is a partially enlarged view of ( a ).
  • FIG. 20 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 17 ; and ( b ) is a sectional view taken along the line B-B of FIG. 17 .
  • FIGS. 1 to 10 explained below are a block for construction and a panel for construction according to first and second embodiments of the present invention.
  • a block for construction 10 of the first embodiment of the present invention is, as further described below, a block capable of constructing a flat structure by arranging the plurality of blocks in a flat state with four outer peripheral surfaces thereof, that are, an upper surface 10 a , a lower surface 10 b , a left side surface 10 c and a right side surface 10 d brought into contact with each other.
  • a plurality of through holes 11 for inserting bar-like stretching members therein are formed in parallel with a front surface 10 f and a rear surface 11 e , and recessed parts 12 are formed on the upper surface 10 a and the lower surface 10 b forming outer peripheral surfaces crossing an axial direction of the through holes 11 to dispose, in a direction three-dimensionally crossing the stretching members inserted into the through holes 11 , other stretching members.
  • the block for construction 10 is further formed with five cavities 13 opening on the upper surface 10 a and the lower surface 10 b in a manner of penetrating the block for construction 10 .
  • a groove 14 is formed in the same direction of the arranging direction of the cavities 13 .
  • a block for construction 20 illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 is, similar to the block for construction 10 , a block capable of constructing a flat structure by arranging the plurality of blocks in a flat state with four outer peripheral surfaces thereof, that are, an upper surface 20 a , a lower surface 20 b , a left side surface 20 c and a right side surface 20 d brought into contact with each other.
  • a plurality of through holes 21 for inserting stretching members therein are formed in parallel with a front surface 20 f and a rear surface 20 e , and recessed parts 22 are formed on the upper surface 20 a and the lower surface 20 b forming outer peripheral surfaces crossing an axial direction of the through holes 21 to dispose, in a direction three-dimensionally crossing the stretching members inserted into the through holes 21 , other stretching members.
  • the block for construction 20 is also formed with two cavities 23 opening on the upper surface 20 a and the lower surface 20 b in a manner of penetrating the block for construction 20 .
  • a groove 24 is formed in the same direction of the arranging direction of the cavities 23 .
  • the only difference between the block for construction 10 and the block for construction 20 is the dimension in a length direction.
  • the dimensions and structures of the remaining parts are the same.
  • only a dimension in a length direction 10 w of the block for construction 10 is a double of a dimension in a length direction 20 w of the block for construction 20 , and other features are the same.
  • the plurality of blocks for construction 10 are arranged in a flat state so that the outer peripheral surfaces thereof are brought into contact with each other and that the plurality of through holes 11 linearly communicates with each other in the axial direction.
  • stretching members 30 are inserted into the plurality of through holes 11 communicating with each other, and stretching members 31 are disposed on the recessed parts 12 .
  • reaction force members 32 are attached along the outer peripheral surfaces of the blocks for construction 10 located on an utmost outer periphery. As shown in FIG.
  • holding plates 34 a , 34 b and 34 c are mounted on external thread parts 30 a and 31 a of the stretching members 30 and 31 that are protruding from through holes 33 of the reaction force members 32 , spring washers 36 are attached, and nuts 35 are screwed thereon.
  • the blocks for construction 10 are firmly bonded together and, as shown in FIG. 5 , a panel for construction 40 which is a flat structure is formed.
  • the holding plates 34 a and 34 c that are long enough to stride over the adjacent portions so that the adjacent reaction force members can be firmly connected to each other.
  • the stretching members 30 and 31 if deformed reinforcing bars provided with external threads on outer peripheries thereof are employed, the nuts 35 can be screwed on without forming the external threads parts 30 a and 31 a .
  • the stretching members 30 and 31 are coated with a corrosion-resistant material such as a resin pipe, the corrosion resistance is enhanced to prevent rust development due to moisture infiltrating from boundaries between the blocks for construction 10 .
  • the spring washers 36 intervening between the holding plates 34 a , 34 b and 34 c and the nuts 35 can prevent deterioration of the tensile force caused by contraction of the block for construction 10 or extension of the stretching members 30 and 31 .
  • the stretching members 30 and the stretching members 31 are disposed in a manner perpendicularly crossing each other lengthwise and crosswise. While the stretching members 31 are disposed one by one in each of the spaces formed by the adjacent recessed parts 12 , the stretching members 30 are disposed two by two to be arranged in a through-thickness direction of the panel. Thus, the numbers of the stretching members disposed are different lengthwise and crosswise. Accordingly, when fastening the nuts 35 to load tensile force on the stretching members 30 and 31 , the tensile force is differentiated so as to equalize the strength in a direction of deflection of the panel for construction 40 .
  • FIG. 7 ( a ) when 10 tons of tensile force is loaded on the stretching members 31 in the direction of arrows, it is preferable that, in two stretching members 30 X and 30 Y shown in FIG. 7 ( b ), 10 tons of tensile force is loaded in the direction of arrows on the stretching member 30 X located on an upper side, while 5 tons of tensile force is loaded in the direction of arrows on the stretching member 30 Y located on a lower side.
  • the blocks for construction 10 are arranged in a grid pattern. However, as shown in FIG. 8 , it is possible to arrange the plurality of blocks for construction 10 in a zigzag pattern to form a panel for construction 50 . In this case, the blocks for construction 20 shown in FIG. 3 are arranged in peripheral portions so as to form an utmost periphery straight.
  • the stretching members 30 and 31 and the reaction force members 32 are mounted in a similar manner to the panel for construction 40 .
  • the panels for construction 40 and 50 formed as above are built up as a wall W, a floor F and a ceiling C, thereby easily constructing these flat structures in a relatively short time.
  • the panels for construction 40 and 50 formed as above are built up as a wall W, a floor F and a ceiling C, thereby easily constructing these flat structures in a relatively short time.
  • these connecting portions can be easily constructed while enhancing the strength.
  • the blocks for construction 10 and 20 are bonded only by the stretching members 30 and 31 without using any adhesive agent. Therefore, no deterioration of an adhesive agent is caused after construction, leading to excellent durability.
  • the plurality of through holes 11 and 21 in the blocks for construction 10 and 20 are provided in parallel with each other with intervals therebetween in though-thickness directions 10 t and 20 t of the blocks 10 and 20 or on the dimensions in a length direction 10 w and 20 w which are perpendicular to the through-thickness directions 10 t and 20 t . Accordingly, the stretching members 30 inserted into these through holes 11 and 21 can securely hold the blocks 10 and 20 to construct the panels for construction 40 and 50 with high strength.
  • the blocks for construction 10 and 20 have the cavities 13 and 23 opening on the upper and lower surfaces, respectively, when arranging the blocks for construction 10 and 20 to form the panels for construction 40 and 50 , these cavities 13 and 23 communicate with each other in a surface direction.
  • the weight of the panels for construction 40 and 50 can be decreased while providing good heat insulation.
  • the reacting force members 32 are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the blocks for construction 10 and 20 located on the peripheral portions of the panels to generate tensile force on the stretching members 30 and 31 . Therefore, it is possible to generate appropriate tensile force on the stretching members 30 and 31 to provide excellent strength and durability. Moreover, as the reaction force members 32 are attached so as to cover whole peripheral portions like a frame, the rigidity is increased while the reaction force of the tensile force generated on the stretching members 30 and 31 can be dispersed over the whole peripheral portions. Consequently, generation of cracks caused by stress concentration can be prevented.
  • the length/width ratios and the dimensions of the panels for construction 40 and 50 can be optionally set by changing the number of the blocks for constructions 10 and 20 to be arranged lengthwise and crosswise or the total number of the blocks, enabling a wide use as various kinds of flat structures constructing a building. Additionally, as shown in FIG. 10 , panels for construction 41 and 42 having different shapes (lengthwise/crosswise ratios) or dimensions formed by the plurality of blocks for construction 10 can be combined to form a flat structure such as a fence 43 .
  • a block for construction 70 of the first embodiment is a block capable of constructing a flat structure (a panel for construction) described below by arranging the plurality of blocks in a flat state with four outer peripheral surfaces thereof, that are, an upper surface 70 a , a lower surface 70 b , a left side surface 70 c and a right side surface 70 d brought into contact with each other.
  • a plurality of through holes 71 for inserting bar-like stretching members therein, as further described below, are formed in parallel with a front surface 70 f and a rear surface 70 e , and recessed parts 72 are formed on the upper surface 70 a forming an outer peripheral surface crossing an axial direction of the through holes 71 to dispose, in a direction three-dimensionally crossing the stretching members inserted into the through holes 71 , other stretching members.
  • the block for construction 70 is further formed with five cavities 73 opening on the upper surface 70 a and the lower surface 70 b in a manner of penetrating the block for construction 70 .
  • a groove 74 is formed in the same direction of the arranging direction of the cavities 73 .
  • a block for construction 80 illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14 is used in combination with the block for construction 70 and is a block capable of constructing a flat structure by arranging the plurality of blocks 80 in a flat state with three outer peripheral surfaces thereof, that are, an upper surface 80 a , a lower surface 80 b and a left side surface 80 c brought into contact with the block for construction 70 .
  • a plurality of through holes 81 for inserting stretching members therein are formed in parallel with a front surface 80 f and a rear surface 80 e , and recessed parts 82 are formed on the upper surface 80 a forming an outer peripheral surface crossing an axial direction of the through holes 81 to dispose, in a direction three-dimensionally crossing the stretching members inserted into the through holes 81 , other stretching members.
  • the block for construction 80 is further formed with a plurality of cavities 83 opening on the upper surface 80 a and the lower surface 80 b in a manner of penetrating the block for construction 80 .
  • a groove 84 is formed in the same direction of the arranging direction of the cavities 83 .
  • the block for construction 70 and the block for construction 80 dimensions 70 w and 80 w in length directions are the same, and the numbers and positions of the through holes 73 and 83 are the same. However, the numbers of the cavities 73 and 83 and the grooves 74 and 84 are different. Specifically, in the block for construction 70 , the five cavities 73 are symmetrically disposed and the groove 74 is formed on both of the left side surface 70 c and the right side surface 70 d whereas, in the block for construction 80 , the three cavities 83 are disposed between a center and the left side surface 80 c and the groove 84 is formed only on the left side surface 80 c.
  • An auxiliary block 90 illustrated in FIGS. 15 and 16 is to be combined with the blocks for construction 70 and 80 to form a panel for construction explained later.
  • the auxiliary block 90 has the same outer dimension as those of the blocks for construction 70 and 80 shown in FIG. 11 , and is a block body having a rectangular parallelepiped shape with flat outer peripheral surfaces, provided with a plurality of through holes 91 having the same sizes on the positions corresponding to the positions where the plurality of through holes 71 and 81 are provided on the blocks for construction 70 and 80 .
  • the plurality of block for construction 70 are arranged in a flat state with the outer peripheral surfaces thereof brought into contact with each other and with the plurality of through holes 71 linearly communicating with each other in an axial direction. Then, as shown in FIG. 20 ( a ), the stretching members 30 are inserted into the plurality of through holes 11 communicating with each other and, as shown in FIG. 20 ( b ), the stretching members 31 are disposed in a recessed part 82 .
  • the auxiliary block 90 shown in FIG. 15 is disposed and, on the positions near the both distal ends of the stretching members 31 , an auxiliary block 90 h (see FIG. 18 ) is disposed.
  • the auxiliary block 90 h has a dimension in a length direction 90 w which is a half those of the block for construction 80 and the auxiliary block 90 shown in FIG. 13 and has a recessed part 93 .
  • the block for construction 80 is arranged with the groove 84 facing toward a center of the stretching member 30 in an axial direction, exposing the right side surface 80 d where the groove 84 is not formed.
  • a cement paste SP which is a gap filling agent for dispersing stress is provided to intervene between the adjacent blocks.
  • the cement paste SP is a curable paste material.
  • the one used in the present embodiment is formed by mixing early-strength portland cement and water in the ratio of around 2.6:1.0.
  • the cement paste SP is emphatically illustrated like a conventional “joint”; however, the actual thickness of the cement paste SP is not more than 1 mm and, preferably, about 0.1 to 0.2 mm.
  • holding plates 34 d are mounted on the external thread parts 30 a of the stretching members 30 , which are protruding from the through holes 91 of the blocks for structure 90 located on the outer periphery, followed by mounting spring washers (not shown) and screwing the nuts 37 .
  • holding plates 34 e are mounted on the external thread parts 31 a of the stretching members 31 , which are protruding from the recessed parts 82 of the blocks for structure 80 located on the outer periphery, followed by mounting spring washers (not shown) and screwing the nuts 37 .
  • each of the nuts 37 is tightened to generate tensile force on the stretching members 30 and 31 .
  • gaps between the blocks are filled with the cement paste SP, and the block for structure 70 and 80 and the auxiliary block 90 are firmly bonded to each other with pressure, thereby forming a panel for construction 100 as a flat structure as shown in FIG. 17 .
  • the blocks for structure 80 and the auxiliary blocks 90 and 90 h which have no uneven surfaces, cavities and through holes except for bolt-holes on their exposed portions. Therefore, the blocks can be firmly bonded to each other with pressure and are free from damages caused by the stress loaded by the stretching members 30 and 31 via the holding plates 34 d and 34 e.
  • the stretching members 30 and 31 if deformed reinforcing bars provided with external threads on outer peripheries thereof are employed, the nuts 35 can be screwed on without forming the external thread portions 30 a and 31 a .
  • the stretching members 30 and 31 are coated with a corrosion-resistant material such as a resin pipe, the corrosion resistance is enhanced to prevent rust development due to moisture infiltrating from boundaries between the blocks.
  • the spring washers intervening between the holding plates 34 d and 34 e and the nuts 37 can prevent deterioration of the tensile force caused by contraction of the block or extension of the stretching members 30 and 31 .
  • the blocks 90 , 90 h and 80 as the reaction members for generating tensile force on the stretching members 30 and 31 , are disposed on peripheral portions of the panel for construction 100 . Accordingly, the tensile force can be appropriately generated on the stretching members 30 and 31 , which leads to excellent strength and durability. Furthermore, since the blocks 90 , 90 h and 80 as the reaction force members are disposed so as to cover whole peripheral portions, the reaction force of the tensile force generated on the stretching members 30 and 31 can be dispersed over the whole peripheral portions. Consequently, generation of cracks due to stress concentration can be prevented.
  • the cement paste SP which is a gap filling agent for dispersing reacting force intervenes between the adjacent blocks for construction 70 and 80 and the auxiliary blocks 90 and 90 h so that gaps between the adjacent blocks are filled with the cement paste SP.
  • compressive stress generated between the blocks is uniformly dispersed and transmitted through the adjacent blocks. Therefore, generation of cracks or ruptures on the blocks for construction 70 and 80 and the auxiliary blocks 90 and 90 h due to the concentration of compressive stress can be prevented.
  • the cement paste SP is employed as a gap filling agent.
  • the compressive stress is uniformly dispersed and transmitted, thereby preventing generation of cracks or ruptures due to stress concentration.
  • Other gap filling agents for dispersing stress than the cement paste SP may be a paper material, liquid glass, or a metallic material which is deformable by the pressure of the bonded blocks exerted by tensile force generated on the stretching members 30 and 31 (a ferrous material such as a steel sheet, for example).
  • the block for construction 80 and the auxiliary blocks 90 and 90 h which are block bodies having a solid structure are used in regions close to the peripheral portions of the panel for construction 100 . Therefore, the force loaded on these blocks 80 , 90 and 90 h as the reaction force members to generate tensile force on the stretching members 30 and 31 does not break or damage the blocks 80 , 90 and 90 h . Moreover, with the presence of the stretching members 30 and 31 , the panel for construction 100 can be elastically deformed in a deflective direction.
  • the length/width ratio and the dimension of the panel for construction 100 can be optionally set by changing the number of the blocks for construction 70 and 80 and the auxiliary blocks 90 and 90 h to be arranged lengthwise and crosswise or the total number of the blocks. Accordingly, the panel for construction 100 can be widely used as a various kinds of flat structures constructing a building.
  • the block for construction and the panel for construction according to the present invention can be widely used as materials for forming a flat structure such as a wall, a floor, a ceiling or a fence of a building.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
US10/563,798 2003-07-24 2004-07-22 Block for constructions, panel for construction using the block, and method of forming panel for construction Abandoned US20060156673A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003279399 2003-07-24
JP2003-279399 2003-07-24
PCT/JP2004/010409 WO2005010292A1 (ja) 2003-07-24 2004-07-22 建築用ブロック、これを用いた建築用パネルおよび建築用パネル形成工法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20060156673A1 true US20060156673A1 (en) 2006-07-20

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US10/563,798 Abandoned US20060156673A1 (en) 2003-07-24 2004-07-22 Block for constructions, panel for construction using the block, and method of forming panel for construction

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20060156673A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP1650372A1 (ja)
JP (1) JP4619290B2 (ja)
CN (1) CN100414058C (ja)
CA (1) CA2530815A1 (ja)
HK (1) HK1093088A1 (ja)
RU (1) RU2330921C2 (ja)
WO (1) WO2005010292A1 (ja)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9435118B2 (en) * 2014-11-26 2016-09-06 King Saud University Interlocking masonry blocks for construction of load bearing and non-load bearing walls
WO2017009821A1 (en) * 2015-07-16 2017-01-19 Tanami Yonathan A construction block, a wall structure comprising the same, and a method for manufacture of said construction block and of said wall structure
US9926703B1 (en) 2010-10-15 2018-03-27 Constructive, Llc Prefabricated masonry wall panels
US9932737B1 (en) 2010-10-15 2018-04-03 Constructive , Llc Prefabricated masonry lintels
US10544583B2 (en) 2010-10-15 2020-01-28 Constructive, L.L.C. Prefabricated masonry walls

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AT504835B1 (de) * 2006-07-20 2009-09-15 Bauhutte Leitl Werke Gmbh Bewehrtes tragelement
JP5579403B2 (ja) * 2009-06-02 2014-08-27 株式会社竹中工務店 組積造壁の補強構造、及び組積造構造物
US20120090259A1 (en) * 2010-10-15 2012-04-19 Constructive, L.L.C. Prefabricated compound masonry units
JP5850525B2 (ja) * 2011-09-30 2016-02-03 株式会社竹中工務店 組積材壁
KR101320092B1 (ko) 2013-04-19 2013-10-18 배성조 건축물의 벽면 시공방법과 벽면구조물
CN107938915A (zh) * 2015-04-25 2018-04-20 李光富 现浇墙芯砌块砌筑方法、接筋管、曲底线盒
WO2017195360A1 (ja) * 2016-05-13 2017-11-16 株式会社エム・テック 住宅の躯体構造
WO2019068210A1 (zh) 2017-10-02 2019-04-11 李光富 现浇墙芯砌块模具框管重组盖板
AU2021479762A1 (en) * 2021-12-21 2024-07-04 Kwek Ming LEE Modular wall system

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US3283457A (en) * 1964-01-22 1966-11-08 Baltimore Concrete Plank Corp Prestressed concrete plank construction
US3559361A (en) * 1968-06-04 1971-02-02 Sarros Construction Co Inc Method for construction
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US5168677A (en) * 1989-11-15 1992-12-08 Ernesto Daniel Gyurec Method of constructing flat building block modules from the union of two frustums by their congruent bases and slot connectors complement for a variety of constructive or amusing applications
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US6397549B1 (en) * 1997-05-08 2002-06-04 Robert A. Baldwin Building block with a wooden attachment layer
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US1171191A (en) * 1915-08-21 1916-02-08 William J Gronert Building-block.
US1783383A (en) * 1928-06-19 1930-12-02 James V Montrief Building construction
US2202850A (en) * 1938-10-31 1940-06-04 Jr Emile S Guignon Building structure
US2696102A (en) * 1948-12-31 1954-12-07 Preeision Building System Inc Beam of reinforced building blocks
US3209510A (en) * 1960-04-08 1965-10-05 Nakanishi Masamitsu Method of constructing a column or frame
US3283457A (en) * 1964-01-22 1966-11-08 Baltimore Concrete Plank Corp Prestressed concrete plank construction
US3559361A (en) * 1968-06-04 1971-02-02 Sarros Construction Co Inc Method for construction
US5035100A (en) * 1987-03-02 1991-07-30 Sachs Melvin H Wall slab and building construction
US5168677A (en) * 1989-11-15 1992-12-08 Ernesto Daniel Gyurec Method of constructing flat building block modules from the union of two frustums by their congruent bases and slot connectors complement for a variety of constructive or amusing applications
US6305142B1 (en) * 1997-04-04 2001-10-23 Recobond, Inc. Apparatus and method for installing prefabricated building system for walls roofs and floors using a foam core building pane
US6397549B1 (en) * 1997-05-08 2002-06-04 Robert A. Baldwin Building block with a wooden attachment layer
US6735913B2 (en) * 2002-08-01 2004-05-18 Sanders & Associates Geostructural Engineering, Inc. Block wall system

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9926703B1 (en) 2010-10-15 2018-03-27 Constructive, Llc Prefabricated masonry wall panels
US9932737B1 (en) 2010-10-15 2018-04-03 Constructive , Llc Prefabricated masonry lintels
US10544583B2 (en) 2010-10-15 2020-01-28 Constructive, L.L.C. Prefabricated masonry walls
US9435118B2 (en) * 2014-11-26 2016-09-06 King Saud University Interlocking masonry blocks for construction of load bearing and non-load bearing walls
WO2017009821A1 (en) * 2015-07-16 2017-01-19 Tanami Yonathan A construction block, a wall structure comprising the same, and a method for manufacture of said construction block and of said wall structure
US10358819B2 (en) 2015-07-16 2019-07-23 Yonathan TANAMI Construction block, a wall structure comprising the same, and a method for manufacture of said construction block and of said wall structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2330921C2 (ru) 2008-08-10
EP1650372A1 (en) 2006-04-26
CN100414058C (zh) 2008-08-27
JP4619290B2 (ja) 2011-01-26
WO2005010292A1 (ja) 2005-02-03
HK1093088A1 (en) 2007-02-23
CA2530815A1 (en) 2005-02-03
CN1826450A (zh) 2006-08-30
JPWO2005010292A1 (ja) 2007-09-27
RU2006100685A (ru) 2006-07-10

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