UA119294U - METHOD OF MANUFACTURE OF BARLEY PLATED BAG - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for the production of barley grits involves the purification of grain from impurities, water treatment, peeling, sorting of peeling products, grinding, sorting of grinding products, water heat treatment of the kernel, flattening, sorting of products of flattening and drying. The barley grain with a moisture content of not more than 14% is steamed at a vapor pressure of 0.10-0.15 MPa for 4-6 min, dried to a moisture content of 11-12%, peeled on one system, sanded twice, moistened to a moisture content of 20-22%, moistened for 3-5 hours. and evaporated at a vapor pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 2-4 min.

Description

The useful model belongs to the cereal industry, in particular to methods of processing barley into cereal products, specifically flattened cereals.

There is a known method of producing barley flakes from hulled grain, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, soaking the grain in water at a temperature of 18-20 "C for 34 hours until the humidity reaches 38-40 96, drying the grain with IR rays at a wavelength of 0.9 -1.1 μm and a radiant flux density of 12-14 kW/me for 2.0-2.5 min to a humidity of 30-32 95 and treatment with IR rays at a wavelength of 0.9-1.1 μm and a radiant flux density 18-20 kW/m? for 100-115 s until the grain reaches a temperature of 160-170 "С with its subsequent flattening into a flake 0.0-0.7 mm thick (see RF patent Mo 2512240 A231I1 /10, 2014) .

The analogue and the claimed useful model have the following operations in common: grain cleaning from impurities; hydrothermal treatment; flattening

However, the known method requires the use of special technological equipment for drying and processing of grain with IR rays, the installation of special containers for soaking, which causes difficulties in the implementation of this process at factories of small capacity.

There is also a known method of production of rolled oat groats, which involves cleaning of impurities, calibration of grain into two fractions, hydrothermal treatment, peeling by fractions, separation of peeling products, grain separation, re-flaking, grinding, separation of grinding products, steaming of high or first grade groats, tempering , flattening, sorting and control of flattened grains (see Rules for the organization and management of the technological process at grain factories. - Kyiv: Ministry of Agro-Industrial Complex, 1998. - p. 36-38).

Grain cleaned of impurities, divided into large and small fractions, is sent for hydrothermal treatment. The grain is fractionally steamed in steamers of continuous action at a steam pressure of 0.05-0.10 MI Ta for 5 minutes, tempered for 20 minutes, dried to a moisture content of 10-14 95, cooled and sent to husking in two fractions. Peeling is carried out on two peeling systems using peeling stands or centrifugal peelers. Product sorting

Peeling is provided in several stages. At the first stage, flour and particles of the crushed kernel are removed from burats by passing through a sieve with holes of 2.0 mm, a mixture of shelled, unshelled grains and husks is obtained through this sieve, which enters two systems of air separators. After removing the husk, the mixture of shelled and unshelled grains is sent for separation into two systems of paddy machines. Grinding of the shelled whole core is carried out in one flow on one grinding system. Grinding products are sorted in a grain separator. Flour and particles of crushed kernel are removed by passing through sieves with holes of 2 2.0 mm or 1.2x20 mm. The whole polished core is obtained by passing through a sieve with holes of 2.5x20 mm, which is additionally controlled on two systems of paddy machines. After control in the paddy machines, the higher or first grade groats are sent for steaming, which is carried out in a steamer of continuous action under a steam pressure of 0.05-0.010 MPa. After steaming, the groats are tempered for 20-30 minutes and sent for flattening in a rolling machine. The flattened products are sieved on sieve-air separators, where particles of the crushed core are separated by passing through a sieve with holes of 2 2.0 mm. After that, flattened groats are controlled on two systems of aspiration columns, and after monitoring for magnetic impurities, they are sent to bunkers for finished products.

This method was chosen as the closest analogue.

The closest analogue and the claimed useful model have the following operations in common: grain cleaning from impurities; hydrothermal treatment of grain; shelling; sorting of peeling products; grinding; sorting of grinding products; hydrothermal treatment of the core; flattening; sorting of flattening products.

However, the known method involves a long duration and complexity of the technological process: 2 peeling systems for each fraction, 8 paddy machines at the grain sorting and control stages, 6 sorting systems at different stages of production, grain steaming in steamers because of periodic action, which requires significant production areas for the placement of appropriate machines and difficulties in implementing this process in factories of small capacity, while the output of flattened groats is 45 95.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method for the production of flattened barley groats, in which by changing the order of operations (moistening of grain instead of steaming), changing operations of the technological process (processing of grain in one flow, husking on one husking system, exclusion from the scheme of paddy machines at the stage of sorting), as well as the use of whole-grain barley of a certain grade, to ensure the simplification of the technological process by reducing the number of operations and their duration.

The task is solved in the method of production of flattened barley groats, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, peeling, sorting of peeling products, grinding, sorting of grinding products, hydrothermal treatment of the kernel, flattening, sorting of flattening products and drying, which, on unlike the closest analogue, barley grain with a moisture content of no more than 14,956 is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.10-0.15 MPa for 4-6 minutes, dried to a moisture content of 11-12 95, dehulled on the same system, polished twice, moistened to moisture 20-22 95, moisten for 3-5 hours. and steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 2-4 minutes.

The method is carried out in the following order. Cleaned from impurities, grain of filmy barley, for example "Donetsk 14" variety, with a moisture content of no more than 14 95, enters the stage of hydrothermal treatment in one stream. The grain is steamed in a periodic steamer of the PZ type at a steam pressure of 0.10-0.15 MPa for 4-6 minutes, dried on vertical steam dryers of the VS type to a humidity of 11-1295 and sent to husking. This stage is carried out in peeling and grinding machines, which work according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells of the type

ZShN When peeling, the circular speed of the discs is set at the level of 18-20 m/s. A decrease in the circular speed of the grinding discs will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of the grain when processing the grain on one peeling system, which will accordingly cause the need to increase the number of systems to two or three. Increasing the circular speed of the discs will contribute to a more intensive removal of the surface layers of the grain, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of particles of crushed kernel and flour, while reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products. In addition to increasing the yield of by-products, this will lead to the need to expand the sorting stage of peeling products due to the installation of additional machines - sieve air separators and aspiration columns.

The mixture of peeling products enters two systems of aspiration columns or air separators. The purpose of this stage is to remove the aerodynamically light components of flour and husk from the mixture, after which the core enters the grinding systems. Grinding is carried out using peeler-grinding machines that work on the principle of intensive abrasion of shells of the ZShN type. When grinding, the circular speed of the disks is set at the level of 16-18 m/s. A decrease in the circular speed of the grinding discs will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of grain when processing grain on two grinding systems, which will, accordingly, necessitate an increase in the number of systems to three or four. An increase in the circular speed of the discs will contribute to a more intensive removal of the surface layers of the grain, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of particles of crushed kernel and flour, thereby reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products. In addition to increasing the yield of by-products, this will lead to the need to expand the sorting stage of peeling products due to the installation of additional machines - sieve air separators and aspiration columns.

The mixture of products after the first grinding system to remove flour and husks enters the system of aspiration columns or air separators. After the second grinding system, the mixture is sorted in two stages: in the first one, in the grain separator, in which the chaff, flour and particles of the crushed kernel are extracted through the passage of sieves - 1.4x20 mm, the output from the sieves 1.4x20 mm is sent to the control, which is carried out by passing the core through two systems of aspiration columns or air separators. After that, the kernel is sent for sorting. This technological operation is carried out in a grain spreader.

The polished groat obtained by passing through a 2.2x20 mm sieve is sent to control to remove flour residues. This stage is carried out using air separators or aspiration columns. The removal of flour will allow during the following technological operations to prevent the sticking of grains, which will increase efficiency and reduce the yield of secondary raw materials.

After that, the groats are sent to hydrothermal treatment, which is carried out according to the combined structure of cold and hot conditioning. Groats are moistened with water to a moisture content of 20-2295 and sent to bunkers for moistening, which lasts 3-5 hours. After that, the groats enter the periodic steamer of the PZ type, where it is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-020 MPa for 2-4 minutes. After steaming, the groats are tempered for 4-7 minutes and directed to flattening.

Flattening is carried out in roller machines on corrugated rollers with a working gap of 0.2-0.3 mm. Flattened groats are dried on belt dryers to a moisture content of no more than 14 95 and controlled in a groat spreader on sieves.

Flattened groats are obtained through a sieve of 1.4x20 mm, and flour and particles of crushed kernel are obtained through the passage. After magnetic control, flattened groats are sent to bunkers for finished products.

Example

We received flattened barley groats. To do this, barley grain of the "Donetsk 14" variety, with an initial moisture content of 13.195 and a weight of 2000 g, cleaned of impurities, was weighed on automatic scales and sent to the state of hydrothermal treatment. The grain was steamed in a periodic steamer at a steam pressure of 0.10 MPa for 6 min and dried in a dryer to a humidity of 12 95. The grain prepared in this way was sent to husking, which was carried out in a husking-grinding machine, which works on the principle of intensive abrasion of the husks. The circular speed of the discs was set at 20 m/s. The mixture of dehulling products for the extraction of flour and husk was passed through two systems of aspiration columns and directed to grinding.

Grinding was carried out on two systems in peeling-grinding machines, which work according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells. The circular speed of the discs was set at 16 m/s.

The mixture of products after the first grinding system for extracting flour and husk was passed through one system of aspiration columns, after the second - it was sorted in a grain disperser in which the husk, flour and particles of the crushed kernel were removed by passing through sieves 1.4x20 mm, passing through sieves 1.4x20 mm was passed through two systems of aspiration columns and sent to a grain disperser for sorting. The fraction of the ground kernel obtained in the disperser, passing through a 2.2x20 mm sieve, was sent to the aspiration column to remove the remains of flour for control, after which the grain was prepared for flattening.

At the first stage, the groats were moistened with water to a humidity of 22 95 and moistened before

With steaming for 3 hours. Steaming was carried out in a batch steamer at a steam pressure of 020 MPa for 4 min. After steaming, the groats were briefly tempered for 4 minutes and directed to flattening. Flattening was carried out in a roller machine on corrugated rollers with a working gap of 0.3 mm. Flattened groats were dried on belt dryers to a moisture content of 14 95 and sent to a groat spreader for sorting. Flattened groats were obtained through a 1.4x20 mm sieve, and flour and crushed kernel particles were obtained through the passage.

As a result of the processing of "Donetsk 14" barley, the total yield of flattened groats was 61.2 95, by-products and waste (taking into account mechanical losses) - 38.8 95.

Claims (2)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. The method of production of flattened barley groats, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, peeling, sorting of peeling products, grinding, sorting of grinding products, hydrothermal treatment of the kernel, flattening, sorting of flattening products and drying, which is characterized by the fact that barley grain with a humidity of no more than 14 95, steamed at a steam pressure of 0.10-0.15 MPa for 4-6 minutes, dried to a humidity of 11-12 95, peeled on one system, polished twice, moistened to a humidity of 20-22 95, moistened for 3-5 hours and steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 2-4 minutes. 2. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that barley grain of the "Donetsk" variety is used