UA118705U - A METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A PLUGGED GROUP - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of production of flattened cereals involves the purification of impurities, peeling, sorting of peeling products, grinding and sorting of grinding products, water heat treatment of the kernel, flattening and sorting of products of flattening. The rice kernel is moistened to a moisture content of 18-20%, moistened for 1.5-3.0 h, steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 5-7 minutes

Description

The useful model belongs to the cereal industry, in particular to methods of processing rice grains into cereal products, specifically flattened cereals.

There is a known method for the production of grain flakes, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, steaming at a steam pressure of 0.1-0.2 MPa for 3-5 minutes to reach a humidity of 1 8-20 95, adding 3-5 95 of boiling water, tempering for 0 .5-2.0 h. to a humidity of 18-20 95. repeated steaming at a steam pressure of 0.1-0.2 MPa for 3-5 minutes to a humidity of 25-27 9b5, drying in a "boiling" layer with air to a humidity of 23-25 95 and cooling to a temperature of 20 -25"С. The grain prepared in this way is subjected to husking, flattened and dried to a moisture content of 13-14 9".

The analogue and the claimed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - steaming; - peeling; - flattening; - drying

The disadvantage of the technological process of the production of grain flakes is the complexity of the stage of hydrothermal processing of grain, which involves two-stage steaming of grain, the need to heat water to boiling for moistening, drying, cooling, which requires significant production areas to accommodate the appropriate machines, bunkers for dehumidification and tempering, drying equipment and causes difficulties in implementing this process at plants of small capacity.

There is also a known method of production of rolled oat groats, which involves cleaning of impurities, calibration of grain into two fractions, hydrothermal treatment, peeling by fractions, separation of peeling products, grain separation, re-flaking, grinding, separation of grinding products, steaming of high or first grade groats, tempering , flattening, sorting and control of flattened grains | see Rules of organization and management of the technological process at grain factories. - Kyiv: Ministry of Agro-Industrial Complex, 1998. - P. 36-38.

Oat grain cleaned of impurities, divided into large and small fractions, is sent to

From hydrothermal treatment. The grain is fractionally steamed in steamers of continuous action at a steam pressure of 0.05-0.10 MPa for 5 minutes, tempered for 20 minutes, dried to a moisture content of 10-14 95, cooled and sent to husking in two fractions. Peeling is carried out on two peeling systems using peeling stands or centrifugal peelers.

Sorting of peeling products is ensured in several stages. At the first stage, flour and particles of the crushed kernel are removed from burats by passing through a sieve with holes of 2.0 mm, a mixture of shelled, unshelled grains and husks is obtained through this sieve, which enters two systems of air separators. After removing the husk, the mixture of shelled and unshelled grains is sent for separation into two systems of paddy-grinding machines. Grinding of the shelled whole core is carried out in one stream on one grinding system. Grinding products are sorted in a grain separator. Passing through sieves with holes 2 2.0 mm or 1.2 x 20 mm, flour and particles of the crushed kernel are removed. The whole polished core is obtained by passing a whitefish with holes of 2.5x20 mm, which is additionally controlled on two systems of paddy machines. After control in the paddy machines, the higher or first grade groats are sent for steaming, which is carried out in a steamer of continuous action under a steam pressure of 0.05-0.10 MPa. After steaming, the groats are tempered for 20-30 minutes and sent for flattening in a rolling machine. The flattened products are sifted through sieve-air separators, where particles of the crushed core are separated by passing through a sieve with holes of 9 2.0 mm. After that, flattened groats are controlled on two systems of aspiration columns, and after monitoring for magnetic impurities, they are sent to bunkers for finished products.

This method was chosen as the closest analogue.

The closest analogue and the claimed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - peeling; - sorting of peeling products; - grinding; - sorting of grinding products; - hydrothermal treatment of the core; - flattening; - sorting of flattening products.

However, the known method involves a long duration and complexity of the technological process: 2 peeling systems for each fraction, 8 paddy machines at the grain sorting and control stages, 6 sorting systems at different stages of production, grain steaming in batch steamers, which requires significant production areas for placement of appropriate machines and difficulties in carrying out this process at plants of small capacity, while the yield of flattened groats is 45 95.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method for the production of flattened groats, in which by changing operations (one-time husking of grain with one flow of kneading, two times), shortening the sorting stage (using one paddy machine instead of eight), as well as using rice of a certain variety, to ensure simplification technological process by reducing the number of operations, their duration and increasing the output of finished products.

The task is solved in the method of production of flattened groats, which involves cleaning from impurities, husking, sorting of husking products, grinding and sorting of grinding products, hydrothermal treatment of the kernel, flattening and sorting of flattening products by the fact that, unlike the prototype, the rice kernel is moistened to a humidity of 18 -20 95, dehumidify for 1.5-3.0 hours, steam at a pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 5-7 minutes.

The method is carried out in the following order. Cleaned from impurities, rice grain, for example, of the "Asmandzhik" variety, with a moisture content of no more than 14.0 95, enters the operational bunkers in one stream. It is monitored for magnetic impurities and directed to peeling, which is carried out on one system using a rolling machine with rubberized rolls. The mixture and peeling products are sorted in a grain separator. The output of the sieve is 4.5 mm and represents unhusked grain, which, after control in air separators, is returned to the husking system. The passage of the sieve is 4.5 mm and the exit is 2.4x20 mm at the first stage, it is controlled in air separators, after which it enters the paddy machine, where the husked and unhusked grain is separated. Hulled grain is sent to grinding systems, unhusked grain is returned to the hulling system.

Flour is removed through a 2 1.5 mm sieve in the disperser. The rice kernel is ground on one grinding system. At this stage, peeling and grinding machines are used, which work according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells. The circular speed of the discs during grinding is set at the level of 14...16 m/s. A decrease in the circular speed of the grinding discs will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of the grain when processing the grain on one grinding system, which will accordingly cause the need to increase the number of grinding systems to two or three. An increase in the circular speed of the grinding wheels will contribute to a more intense removal of the surface layers of the grain, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of particles of crushed kernel and flour, while reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products. An increase in the output of by-products will lead to the need to expand the state of sorting of grinding products due to the installation of additional sieve-air separator machines and aspiration columns.

The mixture of grinding products is sorted in two stages. At the first stage, to extract flour, the mixture is passed through two systems of aspiration columns or air separators, at the second stage, the whole ground kernel is sorted in a grain separator and the crushed kernel is extracted.

The kernel of rice, which is obtained by passing through a sieve of 2 2.4 mm, is sent to control to remove the remains of flour. This condition is carried out using air separators or aspiration columns. The removal of flour will allow during the following technological operations to prevent the sticking of grains, which will increase efficiency and reduce the yield of secondary raw materials. After that, the kernel is moistened with water to a humidity of 18-20 95 and sent to bunkers for dehumidification, which lasts 2.0-3.0 hours. After that, it is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-020 MPa for 5-7 minutes. This technological operation is carried out (with the use of periodic steamers of the PZ type. After steaming, the kernel is tempered for 5-10 minutes and directed to flattening. Flattening is carried out in roller machines on corrugated ones with a working gap of 0.3-0.4 mm. The flattened groats are dried on belt dryers to a moisture content of 12-14 95. At the final stage, groats are controlled by sieving on metal woven sieves Mo 056, through which the final extraction of flour is carried out and control is carried out for the presence of metallomagnetic impurities by passing through a magnetic separator once.

Example

We got flattened groats. To do this, the rice grain of the "Asmandzhik" variety, with an initial moisture content of 12.596 and a weight of 2000 g, cleaned of impurities, was weighed on automatic scales and sent to husking, which was carried out on one husking system using a rolling machine with rubberized rollers. The mixture and peeling products were sorted in a grain separator. The output of the 4.5 mm sieve was monitored for husk content in the air separators, after which the peeling system was returned. The sieve passage is 4.5 mm and the exit is 2.4x20 mm, after passing through the air separators, they were sent to the paddy machine for crop separation. Unhusked grain removed at this stage was sent to the hulling system, hulled grain was directed to grinding.

Extraction of flour at this stage was carried out through sieve 2 1.5 mm. Grain grinding was carried out on one system of machines operating on the principle of intensive shell abrasion. The circular speed of the discs during grinding was set to 16 m/s. The mixture of grinding products was sorted in two stages. At the first stage, the flour was passed through two systems of aspiration columns to extract the flour, at the second stage, the whole ground kernel was sorted in the grain separator and the ground ground kernel was extracted. The rice groat obtained by passing through a 2.4 mm sieve was sent to the aspiration column for control to remove flour residues. At the first stage, the groats were moistened to a moisture content of 18 95 and sent to bunkers for dehumidification, which lasted 3.0 hours. After that, it was steamed in a batch steamer at a steam pressure of 0.20 MPa for 5 min. After steaming, the groats were briefly tempered for 10 minutes and directed to flattening, which was carried out in rolling machines on corrugated rollers with a working gap of 0.4 mm.

The mixture of flattening products was dried to a moisture content of 14 95 and sent to a grain spreader for sorting. Ivy groats were obtained by passing through metal-woven sieves Mo 056, flour was removed by passage.

As a result of the processing of "Asmanjik" rice grain into flattened groats, the total yield of the finished product was 85.0 95 (in relation to the fraction of groats processed into flattened groats), by-products and waste (taking into account mechanical losses) - 15.0 95.

Claims (2)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. The method of production of flattened groats, which involves cleaning from impurities, husking, sorting of husked products, grinding and sorting of grinding products, hydrothermal treatment of the kernel, flattening and sorting of flattened products, which is characterized by the fact that the rice kernel is moistened to a humidity of 18-20 95, dehumidify for 1.5-3.0 hours, steam at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 5-7 minutes. 2. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that rice grain of the "Asmanjik" variety is used.