UA152066U - The method of producing flour from buckwheat grains - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of producing flour from buckwheat grains involves cleaning the grains from impurities, steam-thermal treatment, dehulling, sorting the dehulling products, milling, and sorting the milling products. Buckwheat grains with moisture not exceeding 14% are steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 7-10 minutes, tempered for 15-25 minutes, dried to a moisture content not exceeding 14%, fractionated, single-dehulled using roller deckers, air-separated twice in air separators, and sorted in a granular classifier. The unhulled grains of both fractions obtained from the sieve deck with a diameter of 3.0-3.3 mm are combined and dehulled using roller deckers. The mixture of dehulling products of the sieve system is directed to sort the products of dehulling for the fine fraction, passing through a sieve with a diameter of 3.0-3.3 mm, combined, and milled using three systems. Flour is obtained after each sorting system by passing through a sieve No. 067-080. Sieve deck output after the first and second sorting systems is directed to the next milling system. After the third sorting system, the sieve deck is additionally treated in an entoleter and directed to the first milling system.

Description

The useful model belongs to the grain industry, in particular, it relates to methods of processing buckwheat grain into grain products, namely into whole grain flour.

A known method of buckwheat flour production, which includes grain cleaning from impurities, fractionation, moistening, dehumidification, heat treatment by the convective-conductive method, cooling, peeling, sorting of peeling products and grinding (patent VO

Mo 2268615 IPC A23ZI 1/10, VO2S 9/04, VO2V 1/08, 2004).

Buckwheat grain is cleaned of characteristic impurities, sorted into three fractions and sent to the water-heat treatment stage. At the first stage, the buckwheat grain is moistened to 24-30 95 and dehumidified for 4-8 hours, after which heat treatment of the moistened grain is carried out at a temperature of 160-190 "С for 2-3 minutes. The grain is cooled and directed to husking, which is carried out in rolling machine. Hulling products are sorted in two stages: in the first stage, the husk is removed in aspiration columns, in the second stage, flour is removed in a grain sorting machine and the husked and unhusked grain is separated. The unhusked grain is returned to husking, the whole husked and crushed kernel is sent to grinding Buckwheat flour is obtained by sifting through a Mo 35 sieve, the residue on the sieve should not exceed 5 95. The yield of flour is 78 95.

This method is the closest analogue of a useful model.

The closest analogue and useful model have the following operations in common: - grain cleaning from impurities; - water-heat treatment; - peeling; - sorting of peeling products; - grinding; - sorting of grinding products.

But the method based on the closest analogue involves a long duration and complexity of the technological process: the preparation of grain for processing involves special heat treatment by a convective-conductive method, in which the grain is heated at a temperature of 160-1907C, the husking of the grain is carried out in three streams, the need to use special grain-distributing machines for separation of hulled and unhulled grain, which requires significant production areas for the placement of bunkers and special technological equipment and causes difficulties in implementing this process at factories of low productivity.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method of producing flour from buckwheat grain, in which, by eliminating the stage of grain preparation for processing by convective-conductive method, reducing the grinding stage (grinding grain using three shredding systems instead of three shredding and three grinding systems), including the stage steaming of grain and additional processing of grain products after the third system of sorting in the entoleator, to ensure simplification of the technological process by reducing the number of operations, their duration, and to expand the assortment of buckwheat processing products into cereal products.

The task is solved by the fact that in the method of production of flour from buckwheat grain, which includes cleaning of grain from impurities, water and heat treatment, peeling, sorting of peeling products, grinding and sorting of grinding products, according to a useful model, buckwheat grain with a moisture content of no more than 14 95 are steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 7-10 min, tempered for 15-25 min, dried to a moisture content of no more than 1495, fractionated, fractionally peeled once with the use of roller deck machines with one deck, blown twice in air separators and sorted in a grain spreader, unhusked grain of both fractions, obtained by passing through sieves with a diameter of 3.0-3.3 mm, combined and dehusked with the use of roller deck machines with one tray, the mixture of dehusking products of the ladder system is sent to sorting dehusking products for fine fraction, pass through sieves with a diameter of 3.0-3.3 mm, combine and grind using three systems, flour is obtained after each sorting system sieve house Mo 067-080, the east of the sieves after the first and second sorting system is sent to the next crushing system; after the third sorting system, the seed is additionally processed in an entoleator and sent to the first crushing system.

The method is carried out in the following order.

Buckwheat grain cleaned of impurities, for example of the "Ukrainka" variety, with a moisture content of no more than 14 95, enters operational bunkers in one stream. After that, the grain is sent to the stage of water-heat treatment, which is carried out according to the structure of hot conditioning. Buckwheat grain is sent to a steamer of continuous or periodic action, where steaming is carried out at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 7-10 minutes, after which the grain is tempered in special heat-insulated bunkers for 15-25 minutes and sent to a dryer, where it is dried to a moisture content of no more than 1495. After that, the grain is sent to a grain separator for fractionation. The task of this stage is to separate the grain into two fractions. The coarse fraction is obtained by passing through a sieve with a diameter of 4.0 mm, and the fine fraction by passing through. After that, both fractions of the grain are directed to the husking system in two parallel streams.

On the first system, roller deck machines with one deck are used for both fractions.

A mixture of dehusking products, consisting of dehusked whole and crushed kernels, unhusked grain, meal and husk, is sent to two successive systems of air separators or aspiration columns. After that, unhusked grain of large and small fractions is extracted in the grain spreader with sieves with a diameter of 3.0-3.3 mm, which are combined and sent in one stream to the step-hulling system, on which a roller deck machine with one deck is used. The mixture of peeling products after the ladder system is returned to the stage of sorting the peeling products of the fine fraction. When sorting the dehulling products through a sieve with a diameter of 3.0-3.3 mm, a dehulled whole and crushed core is obtained, which is controlled for the content of metallomagnetic impurities in a magnetic separator and directed to crushing. This stage is carried out in rolling machines using three shredding systems. The ratio of roller speeds on all systems is 2.5; circular speed of rollers - 3.5 m/s; placement of corrugations - point by point, the number of corrugations per 1 cm of the roller surface, depending on the system, is from 4.0 to 8.0 pcs. The interroller gap is adjusted after each grinding system in the range of 0.4-0.1 mm. After each grinding system, the mixture of grinding products is additionally processed in an entoleator before sorting. Grinding products are sorted after each grinding system. Grain spreaders are used for sorting. Flour is obtained on each sorting system by passing metal woven sieves Mo 067-080. The output from the Mo 067-080 sieves after the first sorting system is sent to the next grinding system, after the third sorting system the output from the sieves

Mo 067-080 is additionally processed in an entoleator, after which it is returned to the first grinding system.

At the final stage, control of the received flour is carried out, after which it is sent to packaging or to bunkers for finished products.

Example.

Production of flour from whole grains. To do this, buckwheat grain of the "Ukrainka" variety, with an initial moisture content of 13.295, weighing 2000 g, cleaned of impurities, was weighed on automatic scales and sent to the stage of water-heat treatment, which was carried out according to the structure of hot conditioning. The grain was steamed in a batch steamer at a steam pressure of 0.18 MPa for 8 min. The steamed grain was tempered in a heat-insulated hopper for 20 minutes and dried in a dryer to a humidity of 14 95. The grain prepared in this way entered the grain separator for fractionation. The coarse grain fraction was obtained by passing through a sieve with a diameter of 4.0 mm, and the fine fraction by passing through. At the first stage, both fractions of buckwheat grain were dehulled in two parallel streams on the same system using a roller deck machine with one deck. The mixture of husking products of each fraction was separately sorted in two stages: in the first stage, two successive systems of aspiration columns were used to extract the husk, in the second stage, unhulled grain was separated in a grain separator.

The unhusked grain of coarse and fine fractions, which was obtained by passing through sieves with a diameter of 3.3 mm, was combined and directed in one stream to the post-dehusking system, on which a single-deck rolling machine was used. The mixture of peeling products after the ladder system was returned to the stage of sorting the peeling products of the fine fraction. The passage of sieves with a diameter of 3.3 mm was monitored for the content of metallomagnetic impurities and directed to the rolling machine for two crushing systems. The ratio of roller speeds on all systems was 2.5; circular speed of rollers - 3.5 m/s; placement of corrugations - point by point, the number of corrugations per 1 cm of the roller surface, depending on the system, is from 4.0 to 8.0 pcs.

The inter-roll gap on the first crushing system was set to 0.4 mm, the second - 0.2 mm, the third - 01 mm.

Grinding products were sorted after each grinding system. Grain spreaders were used for sorting. Flour was obtained by passing through a metal woven sieve Mo 067, the output from this sieve after the first and second sorting systems was sent to the next grinding system, after the third sorting system the output from the Mo 067 sieve was additionally processed in an entoleator and returned to the first system for grinding.

As a result of processing buckwheat grain into flour from whole grain, the total yield of the finished product was 64 95, by-products and waste (taking into account mechanical losses) - 37 95. (510)

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA The method of production of flour from buckwheat grain, which includes cleaning the grain from impurities, water- heat treatment, peeling, sorting of peeling products, grinding and sorting of grinding products, which is characterized by the fact that buckwheat grain with a moisture content of no more than 14 95 is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 7-10 minutes, tempered for 15-25 minutes , dried to a moisture content of no more than 14 95, fractionated, fractionally dehulled once with the use of rolling machines with one tray, twice aired in air separators and sorted in a grain spreader, unhulled grain of both fractions, obtained by passing sieves with a diameter of 3.0-3, 3 mm, combine and peel with the use of roller decking machines with one deck, the mixture of peeling products of the ladder system is sent to the sorting of peeling products for the fine fraction, passing through sieves with a diameter of 3.0-3.3 mm, combined and crushed using three systems, flour is obtained after each sorting system by passing through sieves Mo 067-080, Sieves after the first and second sorting systems are sent to the next grinding system, after the third sorting system, they are additionally processed in the entoleator and sent to the first grinding system.