UA124351U - PRODUCTION METHOD OF VIVA FLOUR - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for the production of oat flour includes cleaning the grain from impurities, water heat treatment, drying, peeling, sorting of peeling products, crushing and sorting of crushing products, and the grain is steamed at a pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 5-7 min, dried to humidity not more than 12%, fraction, large and small fractions are peeled, sorted, the peeled grain of both fractions is sent to the ladder peeling system, the peeled grain is ground and ground once using four irritant systems.

Description

The useful model belongs to the cereal industry, in particular to methods of processing filmy varieties of oats into cereal products, specifically flour.

There is a known method of processing oats into tolokno, which includes cleaning the grain from impurities, processing in washing machines, extruding the grain, cooling, grinding, and sorting the grinding products (see RF application Mo 93055184/13 МПК А2ЗИ 1/10 1996).

The grain from the bunkers for pre-storage enters the grain separator, where it is cleaned of impurities, after which the grain enters the washing machine by gravity. The grain is processed in a washing machine for 1 minute and fed into the extruder hopper with an auger.

Extrusion is carried out at a temperature of 180-190. After that, with the help of pneumatic transport, the extrudate is sent to the rolling machine for grinding. In the process of transportation, the extrudate is cooled to a temperature of 25-27 "С and dried to a humidity of 4-595. The grinding products are sorted in a grain separator, where the pulp and husk are separated on a Mo 29 kapron sieve. At the final stage, the pulp is controlled and sent to packaging .

The analogue and the claimed useful model have the following operations in common: grain cleaning from impurities; grinding; sorting of grinding products.

However, the known method includes a long duration and complexity of the technological process: carrying out grain processing in washing machines, the presence of pneumatic transport in the circuit, which performs the function of drying and cooling, the need for grain extrusion, which requires significant production areas to accommodate the appropriate technological equipment and causes difficulties in implementation of this process at factories of low productivity, while the output of the press is 65-67 9.

The closest to the useful model that is claimed is the method of processing oats into tolokno, which includes cleaning the grain from impurities, removing lean and unripe grain, soaking, boiling, drying, cooling, peeling, sorting the products of peeling in three stages, re-peeling, grinding and sorting of grinding products (see "Rules for the organization and management of the technological process at grain factories". - K.: Ministry of Agro-Industrial Complex, 1998. - P. 38-39).

Grain is cleaned of impurities, thin and unripe grain is removed and soaked in water heated to 35 "C for two hours. After that, the grain is boiled for 1.5-2.0 hours at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa and dried to humidity 5-6 95. After cooling, the grain is sent for husking.

Sorting of husking products is carried out in a centrifuge, where flour and particles of the crushed kernel are removed through a sieve of 2.0 mm, after which, in an air separator, the husk is removed. The mixture of husked and unhusked grain enters the stage of grain separation, which is carried out in a paddy machine. The unhusked grain is returned to the hulling system, the kernel - after additional control in the air separator, is sent for grinding. The grinding stage is carried out on two systems of rolling machines. Grinding products are sorted after each grinding system. Grain spreaders are used for sorting. Flour is selected on each sorting system by passing through silk sieves Mo 27 and Mo 29 or polyamide sieves Mo 27 PA-120 and Mo 29 PA-120 and sent for control.

This method is chosen as the closest analogue.

This analogue and the claimed useful model have the following operations in common: grain cleaning from impurities; hydrothermal treatment; drying; shelling; sorting of peeling products; grinding; sorting of grinding products.

The disadvantage of the technological process for the production of oat flour (tolokna) is the long technological process (the need for two-stage husking of grain, the presence of a complex stage of sorting the products of husking and grain separation), the implementation of a complex and long stage of hydrothermal treatment of grain, which includes soaking, cooking of grain under excess pressure in special devices, drying and cooling of grain, which requires significant production areas for the placement of appropriate technological equipment and causes difficulties in the implementation of this process at factories of low productivity and low indicators of the output of finished products - up to 52 95.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method of producing flour from oats in which, by replacing grain processing in cooking devices with steaming in batch steamers, including in the fractionation scheme before peeling a step peeling system and grinding, eliminating grain separation using a paddy machine, to ensure simplification technological process by reducing the number of operations and their duration and increasing the yield of finished products.

The task is solved by the fact that in the method of production of oat flour, which includes grain cleaning from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, drying, peeling, sorting of peeling products, grinding and sorting of grinding products, according to a useful model, unlike the closest analogue, the grain is steamed at a pressure of 0.15-0.F20 MPa for 5-7 min, dried to a moisture content of no more than 12 95, fractionated, large and small fractions are dehusked, sorted, unhusked grain of both fractions is sent to a step dehusking system, dehusked grain is ground and ground once with the use of four broken systems.

The method is carried out in the following order. The oat grain, cleaned of impurities, enters the hydrothermal treatment in one stream, which is carried out according to the structure of hot conditioning. The grain is steamed in a periodic steamer of the PZ type at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 5-7 minutes, dried on vertical steam dryers to a humidity of no more than 12 95 and sent for fractionation in a grain disperser, in which the rise from a sieve of 2.2 x 20 mm receives a coarse fraction, a pass through a fine fraction. The grain is sent fractionally for husking.

This stage is carried out in peelers, in which the method of peeling with a single or multiple impact is implemented - in dent peelers or upholstery machines. For peeling, one main system and one ladder system for unpeeled grain of large and small fraction are provided. The mixture of peeling products of both fractions is combined and sent for sorting in a sieve-air separator of the A1I-BIS type, or a grain disperser. Passing the upper sieve 2.0 x 20 mm, mostly unhusked grain is obtained, passing the sieve 2.0 x 20 mm and passing 14 x 20 mm - husked. The passage of the sieve 1.4 x 20 mm is flour and particles of the crushed kernel. Unhusked grain is returned to the stair-hulling system. Hulled grain, after checking for flour residues in the pneumatic channel of the separator or in the air separator, or the aspiration column (when sorting in the disperser), flows in one stream to

From grinding to grinding machines that work on the principle of intensive abrasion of shells of the ZSHN type. When grinding grain, the circular speed of the discs is set to 18-20 m/s.

A decrease in the circular speed of the disks will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of the grain during processing on one system, which will, accordingly, necessitate an increase in the number of systems to two or three. An increase in the circular speed of the discs will contribute to a more intensive removal of the surface layers of grain, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of particles of crushed kernels and flour, while reducing the yield of finished products. An increase in the yield of by-products at the grinding stage will lead to the need to expand the stage of sorting the grinding products due to the installation of additional machines - sieve air separators and aspiration columns.

The mixture of grinding products is sent for control to two systems of air separators or aspiration columns. After that, the kernel is sent for grinding, which is carried out in rolling machines using four shredding systems (dr. c).

The ratio of roller speeds on all systems is 2.5; circular speed of rollers - 3.5 m/s; placement of grooves - point by point. The inter-roller gap is adjusted after each other p. in the range of values of 0.6-0.1 mm. After each broken system, additional grinding in the entoleator is provided. Grinding products are sorted after each system. Grain spreaders are used for sorting.

Flour is selected by passing through a Mo 080 sieve on each sorting system. The output from this sieve after the first dr. s is sent to the next crushing system, after the fourth dr. s - the remainder is oat bran. The flour is controlled by passing through magnetic separators and sent to packaging or to hoppers for finished products.

Example

Oat flour was obtained. To do this, grain cleaned of impurities, with an initial moisture content of 12.5 95 and a mass of 2000 g, was weighed on an automatic scale and sent for hydrothermal treatment in a periodic evaporator in which a steam pressure of 0.20 MPa was set. Steaming was carried out for 7 minutes. After that, the grain was dried to a moisture content of 1295 and sent to a grain disperser, in which the coarse fraction was obtained through the sieves of 2.2 x 20 mm, and the fine fraction was obtained through the passage. Peeling was carried out in a dedentate peeler, in which the method of peeling with a single blow is implemented. Sorting of peeling products was carried out in a grain separator. because the 2.0 x 20 mm sieves received unhusked grain, which was sent to the step-hulling system. Hulled grain was removed through a 2.0 x 20 mm sieve and a 1.44 x 20 mm sieve, which was sent for grinding. Passing a 1.4 x 20 mm sieve, flour and crushed kernel particles were removed. Grinding was carried out in a grinding machine, which works according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells. The circular speed of the disks was set at 20 m/s. The mixture of grinding products was monitored on two aspiration column systems. After that, the core was sent for grinding, which was carried out in a roller machine using four other rollers. The ratio of roller speeds on all systems was 2.5; circular speed of rollers - 3.5 m/s; placement of grooves - point by point. A gap of 0.6 mm was set on the I dr. s, HER dr. s - 0.4 mm, AI dr. s. - 0.2 mm, MI other p. - 0.1 mm. After each other p. before sorting, additional crushing was carried out in an entoleator.

Grinding products were sorted in a grain spreader on Mo 080 sieves.

Passing through this sieve, after each system, flour was taken. The output of the Mo 080 sieve after the first, second, and third grinding systems was sent to the next one, after the fourth one, oat bran was obtained.

As a result of oat processing, the total output of flour from oats was 66.5 95, bran (taking into account mechanical losses) - 33.5 Fo.

Claims (1)

UTILITY MODEL FORMULA The method of producing oat flour, which includes grain cleaning from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, drying, peeling, sorting of peeling products, grinding and sorting of grinding products, which is characterized by the fact that the grain is steamed at a pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 5-7 minutes, dried to a moisture content of no more than 12 95, fractionated, the coarse and fine fractions are dehusked, sorted, the unhusked grain of both fractions is sent to the step dehusking system, the dehusked grain is ground and ground once using four shredding systems.