UA118706U - A METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A PLUGGED GROUP - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of production of flattened cereals involves the removal of impurities, water heat treatment of grain, peeling, sorting of products of peeling, grinding, sorting of products of grinding, water heat treatment of the kernel, flattening and sorting of products of flattening. The grain in three stages is moistened to a moisture content of 22-25%, steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 2-6 minutes, the grain is moistened to a moisture content of 18-20%, moistened for 1.5-3.0 h ., re-steamed at a vapor pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 5-7 minutes. Use rice grains of "Asmandzhik" variety.

Description

The useful model belongs to the cereal industry, in particular to methods of processing rice grains into cereal products, specifically flattened cereals.

There is a known method of producing grain flakes, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, steaming at a steam pressure of 0.1-0.2 MPa for 3-5 minutes until the humidity reaches 18-20 9o, adding 3-5 95 boiling water, tempering for 0, 5-2.0 h to a humidity of 18-20 95, re-steaming with steam at 0.1-0.2 MPa for 3-5 min. to reach a humidity of 25-27905, drying in a "boiling" layer with air to a humidity of 23-25 90 and cooling to a temperature of 20-25 "С. The grain prepared in this way is subjected to husking, flattened and dried to a humidity of 13-14 9". |see patent of the Russian Federation No. 2236151 A23I 1/164, 2004

The analogue and the proposed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - steaming; - peeling; - flattening; - drying

The disadvantage of the technological process of the production of grain flakes is the complexity of the stage of hydrothermal processing of grain, which involves two-stage steaming of grain, the need to heat water to boiling for moistening, drying, cooling, which requires significant production areas for the placement of appropriate machines, bunkers for dehumidification and tempering, drying equipment and causes difficulties in implementing this process at plants of small capacity.

There is also a known method of production of rolled oat groats, which involves cleaning of impurities, calibration of grain into two fractions, hydrothermal treatment, peeling by fractions, separation of peeling products, grain separation, re-husking, grinding, separation of grinding products, steaming of high or first grade groats, tempering , flattening, sorting and control of flattened grains | see Rules of organization and management of the technological process at grain factories. - Kyiv: Ministry of Agro-Industrial Complex, 1998. - P. 36-38.

Oat grain cleaned of impurities, divided into large and small fractions, is sent to

From hydrothermal treatment. The grain is fractionally steamed in continuous steamers at a steam pressure of 0.05-0.10 MPa for 5 min., tempered for 20 min., dried to a moisture content of 10-14

Fo, cool and send to peeling in two fractions. Peeling is carried out on two peeling systems using peeling stands or centrifugal peelers.

Sorting of peeling products is ensured in several stages. At the first stage, in burats, flour and particles of the crushed kernel are removed by passing through a sieve with holes of 2.0 mm, a mixture of shelled, unshelled grains and husks is obtained through this sieve, which enters two systems of air separators. After removing the husk, the mixture of shelled and unshelled grains is sent to the separation on two systems of paddy machines. Grinding of the shelled whole core is carried out in one flow on one grinding system. Grinding products are sorted in a grain separator. Flour and particles of crushed kernel are removed by passing through sieves with holes of 2 2.0 mm or 1.2x20 mm. The whole polished core is obtained by passing through a sieve with holes of 2.5x20 mm, which is additionally controlled by two systems of paddy machines. After checking in the paddy machines, the higher or first grade groats are sent to steaming, which is carried out in a steamer of continuous action under a steam pressure of 0.05-0.10 MPa. After steaming, the groats are tempered for 20-30 minutes. and sent to the rolling machine for flattening. The flattened products are sifted on sieve-air separators, where particles of the crushed core are separated through a sieve with holes of 2.0 mm. After that, flattened groats are controlled on two systems of aspiration columns, and after monitoring for magnetic impurities, they are sent to bunkers for finished products.

This method is the closest analogue.

The closest analogue and the proposed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - hydrothermal treatment of grain; - peeling; - sorting of peeling products; - grinding; - sorting of grinding products; - hydrothermal treatment of the core; - flattening; 60 - sorting of flattening products.

However, the known method involves a long duration and complexity of the technological process: 2 peeling systems for each fraction, 8 paddy machines at the stages of grain sorting and control, 6 sorting systems at different stages of production, grain steaming in batch steamers, which requires significant production areas for placement of appropriate machines and difficulties in carrying out this process at plants of small capacity, while the yield of flattened groats is 45.0 95.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method of production of flattened groats, in which by introducing special operations (moistening before steaming), changing operations (one-time husking of grain with one stream instead of two), reducing the sorting stage (using one paddy machine instead of eight), and as well as the use of rice of a certain variety, to ensure the simplification of the technological process by reducing the number of operations, their duration and increasing the output of finished products.

The task is solved by the fact that in the method of production of flattened cereals, which involves cleaning from impurities, hydrothermal treatment of grain, peeling, sorting of peeling products, grinding, sorting of grinding products, hydrothermal treatment of the core, flattening and sorting of flattening products, according to a useful model, grain moistened in three stages to a humidity of 22-25 o, steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 2-6 min., groats moistened to a humidity of 18-20 95, moistened for 1.5-3.0 h, re-steam at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 5-7 minutes.

The method is carried out in the following order:

Rice grain cleaned of impurities, for example of the "Asmandzhik" variety, with a moisture content of no more than 14.0

Fo, one stream enters the operational bunkers. It is monitored for magnetic impurities and directed to the hydrothermal treatment stage. The grain is moistened in three stages: in the first stage, the moisture content of the grain is increased by 5 95, the dehumidification lasts for 2-3 hours, in the second and third, by 95 °C, the duration of the dehumidification is 1.5-2.0 hours. After that, the grain enters the steamer of periodic action of the PZ type, where it is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 3-5 minutes. After steaming, the grain is cooled to a temperature of 20-25 "C. After that, the grain is dried in vertical steam dryers of the VS type to a humidity of 13-14 o and sent to husking, which is carried out on the same system using a roller machine

With rubberized rollers. The mixture and peeling products are sorted in a grain separator. The output of the sieve is 4.5 mm and represents unhusked grain, which, after control in air separators, is returned to the husking system. The passage of the sieve is 4.5 mm and the exit is 2.4x20 mm at the first stage, it is controlled in air separators, after which it enters the paddy machine, where the husked and unhusked grain is separated. Hulled grain is sent to grinding systems, unhusked grain is returned to the hulling system. Flour is removed through a 2 1.5 mm sieve in the disperser.

The rice kernel freed from flower films is ground on one grinding system. At this stage, peeling and grinding machines of the ZShN type are used, which work according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells. The circular speed of the disks during grinding is set at the level of 14-16 m/s. A decrease in the circular speed of the grinding discs will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of the grain when processing the grain on one grinding system, which will accordingly cause the need to increase the number of grinding systems to two or three. An increase in the circular speed of the grinding wheels will contribute to a more intense removal of the surface layers of the grain, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of particles of crushed kernel and flour, while reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products. An increase in the yield of by-products will lead to the need to expand the stage of sorting grinding products due to the installation of additional machines - sieve air separators and aspiration columns.

The mixture of grinding products is sorted in two stages. At the first stage, to extract flour, the mixture is passed through two systems of aspiration columns or air separators, at the second stage, the whole ground kernel is sorted into three numbers in the grain separator and the crushed kernel is extracted.

Rice groats, which are obtained by passing through a sieve of 2 2.4 mm, are sent to control for the removal of flour residues. This stage is carried out using air separators or aspiration columns. The removal of flour will allow during the following technological operations to prevent the sticking of grains, which will increase efficiency and reduce the yield of secondary raw materials. After that, the groats are sent to hydrothermal treatment, which is carried out according to the combined structure of cold and hot conditioning. At the first stage, the groats are moistened with water heated to 40-50 "С to a moisture content of 18-20 95 and sent to bo bunkers for dehumidification, which lasts 1.5-3.0 hours. After that, the groats enter the steamer of periodic action of the PZ type, where it is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-020 MPa for 5-7 minutes. After steaming, the groats are tempered for 5-10 minutes and sent to flattening. The flattening is carried out in rolling machines on corrugated rollers with a working gap of 0.3-0.4 mm. The mixture of flattening products is sent to drying, which is carried out on belt dryers.

Flattened groats are dried to a moisture content of 12-14 95. Before being sent to bunkers for finished products, flattened groats are controlled by sieving on metal woven sieves from Mo 056 to Mo 067, where the final extraction of flour is carried out. Before cancellation, the flattened cereal is controlled for the presence of metallomagnetic impurities by passing it through a magnetic separator once.

Example

We got flattened groats. To do this, rice grain of the "Asmandzhik" grade, cleaned of impurities, with an initial moisture content of 12.5 96, weighing 2000 g, was weighed on automatic scales and sent to the stage of hydrothermal treatment. After that, the grain entered the hydrothermal treatment stage.

Grain moisture was carried out in three stages: in the first stage, grain moisture was increased by 5

Fo, on the second and third on Z 95. The duration of dehumidification on the first stage is an hour, on the second and third 1.5 hours. The moisture content of the grain after moistening was 23-2495. After that, the grain was steamed in a batch steamer at a saturated steam pressure of 0.20 MPa for 4 min.

Before husking, the grain was dried in a dryer to a moisture content of 14 96 and sent to a rolling machine with rubberized rollers for husking.

Peeling was carried out on one peeling system. The mixture and peeling products were sorted in a grain separator. The output of sieve 2 4.5 mm was monitored for husk content in air separators, after which it was returned to husking. Passage of sieve 5 4.5 mm and east 2.4x20 mm after passing through air separators were directed to grain separation in the paddy machine. Unhusked grain removed at this stage was sent to the hulling system, hulled grain was directed to grinding. Extraction of flour at this stage was carried out through a 1.5 mm sieve.

Grinding of grain was carried out on one system of working machines, according to the principle of intensive abrasion of ZShN mud shells. The column speed of discs during grinding was set at 16 m/s.

The mixture of grinding products was sorted in two stages. At the first stage for withdrawal

From the flour mill, the mixture was passed through two systems of aspiration columns, on the second - in the grain disperser, the whole ground kernel was sorted and the crushed ground kernel was extracted. The rice groat obtained by passing through a sieve of 2 2.4 mm was sent to the aspiration column for control to remove the remains of flour. After that, at the first stage, the groats were moistened with water heated to 40-50 "C to a humidity of 20 95 and sent to the bunkers for dehumidification, which lasted for 3.0 hours. After that, it was steamed in a periodic steamer at a steam pressure of 020 MPa for 7 minutes. After steaming, the groats were briefly tempered for 5 minutes and sent to flattening, which was carried out in rolling machines on corrugated rollers with a working gap of 0.3 mm. The mixture of flattening products was dried to a moisture content of 14 95 and sent to a grain spreader for sorting. Flattened groats was obtained by passing through metal woven sieves Mo 067, flour was obtained by passing through these sieves.

As a result of the processing of "Asmanjik" rice grain into flattened groats, the total yield of the finished product was 92.0 95 (relative to the fraction of groats that was processed into flattened groats), by-products and waste (taking into account mechanical losses) - 8.0 9.

Claims (2)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. The method of production of flattened groats, which involves cleaning from impurities, hydrothermal treatment of grain, husking, sorting of husking products, grinding, sorting of grinding products, hydrothermal treatment of the core, flattening and sorting of flattening products, which is characterized by the fact that the grain is moistened in three stages to humidity 22-25 95, steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-020 MPa for 2-6 min., groats are moistened to a humidity of 18-20 95, dehumidified for 1.5-3.0 hours, steamed again at a steam pressure of 0 ,15-0.20 MPa for 5-7 minutes. 2. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that rice grain of the "Asmanjik" variety is used.