UA147353U - METHOD OF PROCESSING WHEAT IN CEREALS - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of processing wheat into cereals includes cleaning the grain from impurities, water-heat treatment, grinding and sorting of grinding products. Wheat grain with a moisture content of not more than 15% is moistened with water heated to 45-55 ° C to a humidity of 30-35%, moistened for 8-12 hours, dried to a moisture content of not more than 15%, grinded once, sorted, the core is steamed at steam pressure 0 , 12-0,14 MPa for 4-6 min, then dried to a moisture content of not more than 14%.

Description

The useful model belongs to the cereal industry, in particular, it concerns the methods of processing wheat into cereal products, specifically, whole grains are polished.

There is a well-known method of producing wheat groats, according to which wheat grain with a moisture content of 12.5-1495 is ground on one grinding system, sorted in two stages - in the first stage of which the fines and part of the flour are removed, and in the second stage - the rest of the flour is removed and steamed at a steam pressure of 0.10-0.15 MPa for 2-4 min. In addition, wheat grain of the "Chornobrova" variety is used in the specified method (see patent of Ukraine for utility model Mo 111264, published on November 10, 2016, Bull. Mo 21).

There is also a known method of producing wheat groats, according to which wheat grain with a moisture content of no more than 14 95 is ground once, steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa, dried to a moisture content of no more than 14 95 and sorted into two fractions. The coarse fraction is processed on a polishing system, and the fine fraction is crushed and sorted. The coarse fraction is ground once (see patent of Ukraine for utility model Mo 124352, publ. 04/10/2018, Bull. Mo 7).

The closest analogue of the proposed useful model is the method of processing wheat into "Poltavski" and "Artek" cereals with a total yield of 63 95, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, husking, grinding of whole and crushed kernels, sorting of grinding products, polishing of large fractions of the stage grinding, preliminary sorting of grinding products, final sorting and control of grains (see "Rules of organization and management of the technological process at grain factories". - Kyiv: Ministry of Agro-Industrial Complex, 1998. - P. 60-65).

Cleaned from characteristic impurities, the wheat grain is sent to water-heat treatment.

The grain is moistened with water heated to 35-45 "C to a moisture content of 14.5-15.0 96 and directed to short-term dehumidification, which lasts for 0.5-2.0 hours. After that, the grain enters the husking, which is carried out by passing twice through upholstery machines.

Grinding of dehusked grain is carried out on three grinding systems, using at this stage dehusking and grinding machines of type A1-ZShN, which work on the principle of intensive abrasion of shells. After the third grinding system, grinding products are sorted in the grain disperser AT1-BRU. When sorting from the mixture through a sieve

Mo 063 removes flour, as well as particles of crushed kernels, which correspond to the sizes

From groats of polished wheat Mo 4 and "Artek" (passage of the sieve E 2.0 mm and exit of the sieve Mo 063), which are sent for final sorting. The coarse fraction, which is the output of the sieve 2 2.0 mm, is sent for polishing, which is carried out on three polishing systems in peeling-grinding machines of the A1-ZShN type. After the last polishing system, the polishing products are pre-sorted on two sorting systems. At this stage, flour is removed from the mixture of polishing products, 3.5 mm coarse particles of the kernel are passed through a sieve, which are returned to the polishing stage and three fractions of groats are obtained, which are sent to the appropriate systems for the final sorting and control of groats. The total yield of cereals is 63 Ob.

The closest analogue and the claimed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - water-heat treatment; - grinding; - sorting of grinding products.

The disadvantage of the technological process of processing wheat into "Poltavski" and "Artek" cereals is the long duration and complexity of the technological process: husking on two systems of upholstery machines, grain grinding on three systems, three polishing systems, eight sorting systems, which requires significant production areas to accommodate appropriate peeling, grinding and sorting equipment, bunkers for secondary raw materials, which causes difficulties in the implementation of this process at factories of low productivity. and

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method of processing wheat into cereals, in which, by eliminating dehusking, sorting dehusking products, one-time grinding, including steaming of the polished kernel, as well as using wheat of a certain grade, to ensure the simplification of the technological process by reducing the number of operations, their duration to expand the range of existing products and increase the output of finished products.

The task is solved by the fact that in the method of processing wheat into cereals, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, water-heat treatment, grinding and sorting of grinding products, according to a useful model, wheat grain with a moisture content of no more than 15 95 is moistened heated to 45-55 "With water to a humidity of 30-35 95, dehumidify for 8-12 hours, dry to a humidity of no more than 15 95, grind once, sort, steam the core at a steam pressure of 60 0.12-0.14 MPa for 4-6 minutes, after which it is dried to a moisture content of no more than 14 95.

The method is carried out in the following order. Wheat grain cleaned of impurities, for example, of the "Chornobrova" variety, with a moisture content of no more than 1595, is controlled for the content of metallomagnetic impurities and sent to water heat treatment, which is carried out by the method of cold conditioning. 35 95, after which they are sent to heat-insulated bunkers for dehumidification, which lasts 8-12 hours. After that, the grain is dried in vertical steam dryers of the VS type to a humidity of no more than 15 95 and sent to grinding, which is carried out on the same system with the application at this stage peeling and grinding machines, which work according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells.

The circular speed of the discs is set at 18-20 m/s. A decrease in the circular speed of the disks will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of the grain during processing on one system, which will, accordingly, necessitate an increase in their number. An increase in the wheel speed will contribute to a more intense removal of the surface layers of the grain, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of particles of crushed kernel and flour, while reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products. An increase in the yield of by-products will cause the need to expand the stage of sorting grinding products due to the installation of additional grain dispersers or sieve-air separators and aspiration columns.

After grinding, the mixture is passed through an air separator or an aspiration column, after which it is sent for sorting in a grain spreader. Using a sieve, 1.6x20 mm, whole polished kernels are removed, using a 1.6x20 mm sieve and a Mo 067 sieve, crushed kernels are removed, the Mo 067 sieve passage is flour. Whole kernels obtained at the sorting stage are sent to water-oil treatment, which is carried out according to the structure of hot conditioning. The kernels are steamed in batch steamers at a steam pressure of 0.12-0.14 MPa for 4-6 minutes. After that, drying is carried out on vertical type steam dryers

ВС to a moisture content of no more than 14 95 and receive groats ground from whole wheat kernels, which are controlled for the content of metallomagnetic impurities and sent to packaging or to bunkers for finished products.

Example

Received groats from wheat. For this purpose, wheat grain cleaned of impurities with an initial moisture content of 1395 and a weight of 2000 g was weighed on an automatic scale, after which it was moistened

With water heated to 55 "C to a humidity of 35 95 and moistened in a heat-insulated bunker for 12 hours. The grain was dried in a dryer to a humidity of 15 95 and sent to grinding, which was carried out on one system, using a peeling-grinding machine, in which the method was implemented intensive abrasion of the shells. The mixture of grinding products was passed through an aspiration column, where the flour was removed. At the next stage, the kernels were sorted in a grain disperser, where whole kernels were obtained by passing through a 1.6x20 mm sieve, passing through this sieve and passing through the Mo 067 sieve - particles of crushed kernels, flour was removed by passing through a Mo 067 sieve.

The whole polished kernels were sent to a batch steamer, where steaming was carried out at a steam pressure of 0.14 MPa for 6 minutes, after which they were dried in a dryer to a humidity of 14 95 and polished wheat groats were obtained from whole kernels.

As a result of the processing of wheat into groats, the total output of the finished product was 79 95, of secondary raw materials (taking into account mechanical losses) - 21 Ob.

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA The method of processing wheat into cereals, which includes cleaning the grain from impurities, water-heat treatment, grinding and sorting of grinding products, which is characterized by the fact that wheat grain with a moisture content of no more than 15 95 is moistened with water heated to 45-55 "C humidity 30-3595, dehumidify for 8-12 hours, dry to a humidity of no more than 15 95, grind once, sort, steam the core at a steam pressure of 0.12-0.14 MPa for 4-6 minutes, then dry to a humidity of no more than 14 95.