UA124436U - METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF BARLEY GROUPS - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of producing cereals from barley involves the purification of grain from impurities, water treatment and sorting. Purified barley grain with a moisture content of not more than 15% is soaked in heated to 55-60 ° C water for 100-140 minutes, moistened for 15-20 minutes, dried to a moisture content of not more than 14%, sanded on two systems. The grinded core is steamed at a pressure of 0.17-0.20 MPa for 6-8 minutes, dried to a moisture content of not more than 14% and sorted.

Description

The useful model belongs to the cereal industry, in particular to the methods of processing whole-grain varieties of barley into cereal products, specifically - quick-cooking barley groats.

There is a well-known method of processing filmy varieties of barley into pearl barley with a total output of 45 95 finished products, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, husking, grinding, polishing the kernel, sorting and controlling the grains (see "Rules for the organization and management of the technological process at grain mills factories". - Kyiv: Ministry of Agro-Industrial Complex, 1998. - pp. 53-55).

Barley grain cleaned of characteristic impurities is sent to peeling, which is carried out by sequentially passing through four peeling systems. At the first stage, barley is husked on two systems of upholstering machines, on the second stage - on two systems of husking-grinding machines of the A1-ZShN type. After that, the husked barley (pensak) is sent to three grinding and three polishing systems. Grinding and polishing are carried out with intermediate sifting of grinding products, after the second grinding and polishing systems, and intermediate sifting, after the third grinding system. For grinding and polishing, machines of the AT1-ZSHN type are used.

Sorting of products after the third grinding system is carried out in a grain separator. The exit of sieves E 2.5 mm is sent to the first polishing system, passage of sieve b 2.5 mm and exit of sieve Mo 063 enters the stage of sorting pearl grains. The mixture of products obtained after polishing is sent to the stage of pearl grain sorting, which includes four systems.

On the first sorting system, particles larger in size compared to the grains are removed through the 4.0 mm sieve exit, which are returned for polishing, the passage of the 4.0 mm sieve 5 and the exit of the 3.0 mm sieve goes to the second sorting unit for final sorting system, the passage of sieve 2 3.0 mm and the exit of sieve Mo 056, is a mixture of pearl groats Mo 2, 3, 4, 5 with flour and enters the third sorting system. Flour is removed by passing through a Mo 056 sieve. On the second sorting system, particles smaller in size are removed by passing through sieve 2 3.0 mm and sent for additional sorting to the third sorting system, and the exit of sieve 2 3.0 mm, which is pearl grain Mo 1, is sent to control. On the third sorting system, on sieves 5 2.5 mm, the extraction of pearl grain Mo 2 is carried out. The passage of the sieve 5 2.5 mm and the output of the sieve Mo 056 received on the third sorting system is a mixture

From pearl grains Mo 3, Mo 4, Mo 5 and the remains of flour, which for final sorting goes to the fourth sorting system, where Mo 3, 4 and 5 cereals are obtained through sieves 2 2.0, 1.5 mm and sieve Mo 056, respectively. Pearl groats of all numbers are checked for the presence of flour by passing through air separators once, and after checking for metallomagnetic impurities, they are sent to packaging.

The analogue and the proposed useful model have the following operations in common: - grain cleaning from impurities; - grinding; - sorting.

However, the known method involves a long duration and complexity of the technological process: 4 peeling systems, Z grinding systems, Z polishing systems, 5 sorting systems and 7 core control systems at different stages in air separators require significant production areas to accommodate the corresponding peeling, grinding and sorting equipment, bunkers for secondary raw materials, which causes difficulties in the implementation of this process at factories of low productivity, while the yield of groats does not exceed 50 95.

The closest analogue to the proposed useful model is the method of production of pearl groats, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, double peeling, winnowing, triple grinding, sieving, double polishing and sorting (AS USSR Mo 733233 MPK VO2 B1/00, 1980 ).

Barley grain cleaned of impurities enters the stage of hydrothermal treatment. The grain is moistened with water at a temperature of 18-20 "С at 1.2 95 and dehumidified for 9 minutes. After moistening, the moisture content of the grain before processing increases to 13.4 95. The grain prepared in this way is sent to husking, which is carried out on two systems of upholstery machines.

The mixture of peeling products is winnowed in air separators to extract the husk. The extracted core is polished on three systems of peeling and grinding machines of the A1T-ZShN type. The mixture of products, which are formed after the third grinding system and the first and second polishing systems, are sifted in grain spreaders on the appropriate sieves. At the same time, after the third grinding system in the disperser, the cores are selected through sieve 2 2.5 mm, which are sent to the first polishing system, the mixture is selected through sieve 2 2.5 mm and sieve Mo 1, which is pearl grains Mo 3, 4 and 5, which enter the first grain sorting system (516), feed flour is removed through the Mo 1 sieve passage.

After the first polishing system, the products are sorted on sieves Ye 3.0 mm and Mo 27. The output from the Ye 3.0 mm sieve is directed to the second polishing system, the passage of this sieve and the output of the Mo 27 sieve is a mixture of pearl grains that enters the second system grain sorting, barley flour is removed through a Mo 27 sieve, which is sent to the bunker. After the second polishing system, the products are sorted on sieves E 3.5 mm and Mo 27. The output from the sieve Mo 27 enters the third pearl grain sorting system, the passage is barley flour, which is sent to the bunker. Pearl groats of different numbers received during sorting are sent separately for control, which is carried out by blowing the groats on one system of air separators, and after checking for metallomagnetic impurities, they are sent to bunkers for finished products.

The closest analogue and the proposed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - hydrothermal treatment; - sorting.

The disadvantage of the technological process of the production of pearl groats, the closest analogue, is the long duration and complexity of the technological process: peeling on two systems of upholstery machines and three systems of peeling and grinding machines of the JSC ZSHN type, the use of two polishing systems, which requires significant production areas to accommodate the appropriate peeling, polishing and sorting equipment, bunkers for secondary raw materials, which causes difficulties in implementing this process at factories of low productivity.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method of production of barley groats, in which, by replacing the moistening of grain with soaking in heated water, eliminating husking, sorting of husking products, polishing and sorting of polishing products, performing grinding on two systems, including steaming of the polished core, as well as the use of bare barley of a certain variety, to ensure the simplification of the technological process by reducing the number of operations and increasing the yield of finished products.

The task is solved in the method of production of groats from barley, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, hydrothermal treatment and sorting, according to a useful model,

Cleaned bare barley grain with a moisture content of no more than 15 95 is soaked in water heated to 55-60 "C for 100-140 min., dehumidified for 15-20 min., dried to a moisture content of no more than 14 95, polished on two systems, the polished core is steamed at a pressure of 0.17-0.20 MPa for 6-8 min., dried to a moisture content of no more than 14 95 and sorted.

The method is carried out in the following order.

Cleaned from impurities, bare barley grain, for example, of the "Achilles" variety, enters special vats with water heated to 55-60 "C for soaking, which lasts for 100-140 minutes.

After that, the grain is dehumidified in special bunkers for 15-20 minutes, removing excess moisture from the grain at this stage. The grain prepared in this way is dried on vertical steam dryers to a moisture content of no more than 14 95 and sent for grinding.

This stage is carried out in grinding machines that work according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells of the ZSHEN type using two systems. The circular speed of the disks is set at 18-22 m/s5. A decrease in the circular speed of the discs will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of the grain during processing on two systems, which will accordingly cause the need to increase the number of systems to three. Increasing the circular speed of the discs will contribute to a more intensive removal of the surface layers of the grain, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of particles of crushed kernel and flour, while reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products. An increase in the yield of by-products will lead to the need to expand the stage of sorting grinding products due to the installation of additional machines - sieve air separators and aspiration columns.

The mixture of grinding products to extract flour is passed through two systems of aspiration columns or air separators. At the next stage, the core is steamed in a P3-1 periodic steamer at a steam pressure of 0.17-0.20 MPa for 6-8 minutes, after which it is dried on vertical steam dryers of the VS type to a humidity of no more than 14 95 and sent for sorting in a grain spreader. Through a 2.0x20 mm sieve, groats are obtained from a whole kernel steamed with Me 1, through a sieve passage of 2.0x20 mm and a 1.8x20 mm rise - groats from a whole kernel steamed with Mo 2, through a 1.8x20 mm sieve and 1.4x20 mm rise - groats steamed from the whole kernel

Mo 3. The obtained groats are controlled for flour residues by passing through one system of aspiration columns or air separators and the content of metallomagnetic impurities, after which they are sent to packaging or to bunkers for finished products. By passing through a 1.4x20 mm 60 sieve, flour residues and particles of crushed kernels are removed.

Example.

Received barley groats. To do this, the grain of bare barley of the "Achilles" variety, with an initial moisture content of 13.8 96 and a mass of 2000 g, cleaned of impurities, was weighed on an automatic scale and sent to the hydrothermal treatment stage. The grain was soaked in water heated to 60 "С for 100 min. After that, it was moistened in a special hopper with a perforated lower surface for 20 min., removing excess moisture from the grain at this stage, after which it was dried on a dryer to a humidity of 14 95. Grinding was carried out in peeling-grinding machine, which works according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells on two systems. The wheel speed of the discs was set to 22 m/s. The mixture of grinding products to extract flour after each grinding system was passed twice through an aspiration column. The ground core was sent to a periodic evaporator, where it was steamed at a steam pressure of 0.20 MPa for 8 min., after which it was dried in a dryer to a moisture content of 14 95 and sent for sorting in a grain spreader, where grain was obtained from a whole kernel steamed with Me 1 using a sieve of 2.0x20 mm, 1.8x20 mm - groats from a whole core steamed with Me 2 and 1.4x20 mm - groats from a whole core steamed with Mo 3.

As a result of the processing of "Achilles" barley, the total yield of grains was 84 95, by-products and waste (taking into account mechanical losses) - 16 9".

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA The method of production of groats from barley, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, hydrothermal treatment and sorting, which is characterized by the fact that the cleaned grain of bare barley with a moisture content of no more than 15 95 is soaked in water heated to 55-60 "C for 100-140 minutes, moisturize 15- 20 min., dried to a moisture content of no more than 14 95, polished on two systems, the polished core is steamed at a pressure of 0.17-0.20 MPa for 6-8 min., dried to a moisture content of no more than 14 95 and sorted.