UA111255U - METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF BARLEY GROUPS - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of producing cereals from barley involves the purification of grain from impurities, water treatment and sorting. Purified barley grain with a moisture content of 12-14% is steamed at a vapor pressure of 0.05-0.10 MPa for 4-6 minutes, dried to a moisture content of 11-12% and ground on one grinding system and sorted.

Description

The useful model belongs to the cereal industry, in particular to the methods of processing bare barley varieties into cereal products, specifically - barley groats.

There is a well-known method of processing filmy varieties of barley into pearl barley with a total yield of 4595 finished products, which includes cleaning the grain from impurities, husking, grinding, polishing the kernel, sorting and controlling the grains (see "Rules for the organization and management of the technological process at grain factories" - K.: Ministry of agro-industrial complex, 1998. - pp. 53-55).

Barley grain cleaned of characteristic impurities is sent to peeling, which is carried out by sequentially passing through four peeling systems. At the first stage, barley is husked on two systems of upholstering machines, on the second stage - on two systems of husking-grinding machines of the A1-ZShN type. After that, the husked barley (pensak) is sent to three grinding and three polishing systems. Grinding and polishing are carried out with intermediate sifting of grinding products, after the second grinding and polishing systems, and intermediate sifting, after the third grinding system. For grinding and polishing, machines of the AT1-ZSHN type are used.

Sorting of products after the third grinding system is carried out in a grain separator. The exit of sieves E 2.5 mm is sent to the first polishing system, passage of sieve b 2.5 mm and exit of sieve Mo 063 enters the stage of sorting pearl grains. The mixture of products obtained after polishing is sent to the stage of pearl grain sorting, which includes four systems.

On the first sorting system, particles larger in size compared to the grains are removed through the 4.0 mm sieve exit, which are returned for polishing, the passage of the 4.0 mm sieve 5 and the exit of the 3.0 mm sieve goes to the second sorting unit for final sorting system, the passage of sieve 2 3.0 mm and the exit of sieve Mo 056, is a mixture of pearl groats Mo 2, 3, 4, 5 with flour and enters the third sorting system. Flour is removed by passing through a Mo 056 sieve. On the second sorting system, particles smaller in size are removed by passing through sieve 2 3.0 mm and sent for additional sorting to the third sorting system, and the exit of sieve 2 3.0 mm, which is pearl grain Mo 1, is sent to control. On the third sorting system, on sieves 5 2.5 mm, the extraction of pearl grain Mo 2 is carried out. The passage of the sieve 5 2.5 mm and the output of the sieve Mo 056 received on the third sorting system is a mixture

From pearl grains Mo 3, Mo 4, Mo 5 and the remains of flour, which for final sorting goes to the fourth sorting system, where Mo 3, 4 and 5 cereals are obtained through sieves 2 2.0, 1.5 mm and sieve Mo 056, respectively. Pearl groats of all numbers are checked for the presence of flour by passing through air separators once, and after checking for metallomagnetic impurities, they are sent to packaging.

The analogue and the claimed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - grinding; - sorting.

However, the known method includes a long duration and complexity of the technological process: 4 peeling systems, Z grinding systems, Z polishing systems, 5 sorting systems and 7 core control systems at different stages in air separators require significant production areas to accommodate the corresponding peeling, grinding and sorting equipment, bunkers for secondary raw materials, which causes difficulties in the implementation of this process at plants of small capacity, while the yield of groats does not exceed 50 9.

There is also a known method of pearl grain production, which includes grain cleaning from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, double peeling, winnowing, three-fold grinding, sieving, double polishing and sorting (see copyright certificate of the USSR Mo 733233

IPC vo28B 1/00, 1980).

Barley grain cleaned of impurities enters the stage of hydrothermal treatment. The grain is moistened with water at a temperature of 18-20 "С at 1.2 95 and dehumidified for 9 minutes. After dehumidification, the moisture content of the grain before processing increases to 13.4 95. The grain prepared in this way is sent to husking, which is carried out on two systems of upholstery machines.

The mixture of peeling products is winnowed in air separators to extract the husk. The extracted core is polished on three systems of peeling and grinding machines of the A1T-ZShN type. The mixture of products, which are formed after the third grinding system and the first and second polishing systems, are sifted in grain spreaders on the appropriate sieves. At the same time, after the third grinding system in the disperser, through sieve 2 2.5 mm, cores are selected which are directed to the first polishing system, through sieve 2 2.5 mm and sieve Mo 1, a mixture is selected, which is pearl grains Mo 3, 4 and 5 , which enter the first pearl groat sorting system (516), feed flour is removed through the Mo 1 sieve passage.

After the first polishing system, the products are sorted on sieves Ye 3.0 mm and Mo 27. The output from the Ye 3.0 mm sieve is directed to the second polishing system, the passage of this sieve and the output of the Mo 27 sieve is a mixture of pearl grains that enters the second system grain sorting, barley flour is removed through a Mo 27 sieve, which is sent to the bunker. After the second polishing system, the products are sorted on sieves E 3.5 mm and Mo 27. The output from the sieve Mo 27 enters the third pearl grain sorting system, the passage is barley flour, which is sent to the bunker. Pearl groats of different numbers received during sorting are sent separately for control, which is carried out by blowing the groats on one system of air separators, and after checking for metallomagnetic impurities, they are sent to bunkers for finished products.

This method was chosen by the prototype.

The prototype and the claimed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - hydrothermal treatment; - sorting.

The disadvantage of the technological process of production of pearl groats according to the prototype is the long duration and complexity of the technological process: peeling on two systems of upholstery machines and three systems of peeling and grinding machines of the Ai ZSHN type, the use of two polishing systems, which requires significant production areas to accommodate the appropriate peeling, polishing and sorting equipment, bunkers for secondary raw materials, which causes difficulties in implementing this process at plants of small capacity.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method for the production of barley groats, in which by changing the order of operations and modes (conducting grain steaming instead of moistening, excluding husking, sorting of husking products, polishing and sorting of polishing products), introducing special operations (carrying out grinding and sorting of grinding products), as well as the use of whole-grain barley of a certain grade, to ensure the simplification of the technological process by reducing the number of operations and increasing the yield of finished products.

The task is solved in the method of production of groats from barley, which includes cleaning of grain from impurities, hydrothermal treatment and sorting, according to a useful model, purified whole grain barley grain with a moisture content of 12-14 95 is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.05-0.10 MPa for 4-6 min., dry to a humidity of 11-12 95 and grind on one grinding system and sort.

The method is carried out in the following order. Cleaned from impurities, the grain of bare barley, for example of the "Achilles" variety, enters the stage of hydrothermal treatment. The grain is steamed in a periodic steamer of the IP3-1 type at a steam pressure of 0.05-0.10 MPa for 4-6 minutes, after which it is dried on vertical steam dryers of the VS type to a humidity of 11-12 95 and sent for grinding. This stage is carried out in grinding machines that work according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells of the A1-ZShN type.

When grinding, the circular speed of the discs is set at the level of 18-20 m/s. A decrease in the circular speed of grinding discs will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of grain during processing on one grinding system, which will, accordingly, necessitate an increase in the number of grinding systems to two or three. An increase in the circular speed of the grinding wheels will contribute to a more intense removal of the surface layers of the grain, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of particles of crushed kernel and flour, while reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products. An increase in the yield of by-products will lead to the need to expand the stage of sorting grinding products due to the installation of additional machines - sieve air separators and aspiration columns.

The mixture of grinding products is sorted in two stages. At the first stage, to extract the flour, the mixture is passed through two systems of aspiration columns or air separators, at the second stage, the whole ground kernels are sorted into three numbers in a grain separator. Barley groat Mo 1 is obtained by passing a sieve 2.0x20 mm, Mo 2 - by passing a sieve 2.0x20 mm and passing 1.8x20 mm, groat Mo Z - passing a sieve 1.8x20 mm and passing 1.4x20 mm.

By passing through a 1.4x20 mm sieve, flour residues and particles of crushed kernels are removed.

After magnetic control, the resulting cereal is sent to packaging.

Example.

Received barley groats. For this purpose, the grain of bare barley of the "Achilles" variety, with an initial moisture content of 12.8 956 and a weight of 2000 g, cleaned of impurities, was weighed on an automatic scale and sent to the stage of hydrothermal treatment.

The grain was steamed in a periodic steamer at a steam pressure of 0.10 MPa for 4 min., after which it was dried on dryers to a humidity of 12 95 and sent to grinding, which was carried out in a peeling-grinding machine, which works on the principle of intensive abrasion of the shells. The circular speed of the discs was set at 18-20 m/s. The mixture of grinding products was passed through two systems of aspiration columns and directed to the grain disperser.

In the disperser, barley grain Mo 1, grain Mo 2 with a sieve 1.8x20 mm, and grain Mo 3 with a sieve 1.4x20 mm were obtained.

As a result of the processing of "Achilles" barley, the total output of grains was 87.0 95, by-products and waste (taking into account mechanical losses) - 13.0 9o.

Claims (2)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. The method of production of groats from barley, which includes grain cleaning from impurities, hydrothermal treatment and sorting, which is characterized by the fact that cleaned grain of bare barley with a moisture content of 12-14 95 is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.05-0.10 MPa for 4- 6 min., dry to a moisture content of 11-12 95 and grind on one grinding system and sort. 2. The method according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the grain of whole grain barley of the "Achilles" variety is used.