UA124437U - METHOD OF PROCESSING BARLEY IN GROUPS OF PRODUCTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of processing barley into cereals involves the purification of grain from impurities, water heat treatment and sorting. Purified barley grain with a moisture content of not more than 15% moistened heated to 55-60 ° C with water to a moisture content of 18-20%, moistened for 8-10 hours, steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 5-7 min, dried to a moisture content of not more than 14%, fractionated. East of the sieve 2.3 × 20 mm is sanded, controlled, moistened to a humidity of 22-24%, moistened for 2-3 hours. and flatten, the 2.0 × 20 mm sieve east is controlled and packed.

Description

The useful model belongs to the grain industry, in particular to methods of processing bare barley varieties into grain products, specifically - quick-cooking flattened groats and groats from a whole kernel, polished and steamed.

There is a well-known method of processing filmy varieties of barley into perloni cereals with a total yield of finished products of 45 95, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, husking, grinding, polishing the kernel, sorting and controlling the cereals (see "Rules for the organization and management of the technological process at grain mills factories". - Kyiv: Ministry of Agro-Industrial Complex, 1998. - pp. 53-55).

Barley grain cleaned of characteristic impurities is sent to peeling, which is carried out by sequentially passing through four peeling systems. At the first stage, barley is husked on two systems of upholstering machines, on the second stage - on two systems of husking-grinding machines of the A1-ZShN type. After that, the husked barley (pensak) is sent to three grinding and three polishing systems. Grinding and polishing are carried out with intermediate sifting of grinding products, after the second grinding and polishing systems, and intermediate sifting, after the third grinding system. A1-ZSHN type machines are used for grinding and polishing.

Sorting of products after the third grinding system is carried out in a grain separator. The output of sieves 2 2.5 mm is sent to the first polishing system, the passage of sieve 0 2.5 mm and the output of sieve Mo 063 enters the stage of pearl grain sorting. The mixture of products obtained after polishing is sent to the stage of pearl grain sorting, which includes four systems.

On the first sorting system, particles larger in size compared to the grains that are sent for polishing are removed through the Е 4.0 mm sieve, the passage of the 4.0 mm sieve 2 and the Е 3.0 mm sieve are sent for final sorting to the second sorting machine system, the passage of sieve 2 3.0 mm and the exit of sieve Mo 056, is a mixture of pearl groats Mo 2, 3, 4, 5 with flour and enters the third sorting system. Flour is removed by passing through a Mo 056 sieve. On the second sorting system, particles smaller in size are removed through the passage of the Ж 3.0 mm sieve and sent for additional sorting to the third sorting system, and the exit of the Е 3.0 mm sieve, which is pearl grain Mo 1, is sent for control. On the third sorting system, on 9 2.5 mm sieves, the extraction of pearl millet Me 2 is carried out. Passage

Sieve 0 2.5 mm and Sieve Мо 056 obtained on the third sorting system is a mixture of pearl grains Мо 3, Мо 4, Мо 5 and the remains of flour, which for final sorting enters the fourth sorting system where the steps of the sieve are 2.0 .

The analogue and the proposed useful model have the following operations in common: - grain cleaning from impurities; - grinding; - sorting.

However, the known method involves a long duration and complexity of the technological process: 4 peeling systems, Z grinding systems, Z polishing systems, 5 sorting systems and 7 core control systems at different stages in air separators require significant production areas to accommodate the corresponding peeling, grinding and sorting equipment, bunkers for secondary raw materials, which causes difficulties in the implementation of this process at factories of low productivity, while the yield of groats does not exceed 50 95.

The closest analogue to the proposed useful model is the method of production of pearl groats, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, double peeling, winnowing, triple grinding, sieving, double polishing and sorting (AS USSR Mo 733233 IPC VO2B 1/00, 1980 .).

Barley grain cleaned of impurities enters the stage of hydrothermal treatment. The grain is moistened with water at a temperature of 18-20 "C at 1.2 95 and dehumidified for 9 minutes. After moistening, the moisture content of the grain before processing increases to 13.4 95. The grain prepared in this way is sent to husking, which is carried out on two systems of upholstery machines.

The mixture of peeling products is winnowed in air separators to extract the husk. The selected core is ground on three systems of peeling and grinding machines of the A1-ZShN type. The mixture of products, which are formed after the third grinding system and the first and second polishing systems, are sifted in grain spreaders on the appropriate sieves. At the same time, after the third grinding system in the diffuser, the cores are selected through the passage of the sieve 9 2.5 mm, which are directed to the first polishing system, the mixture is selected through the passage of the sieve 0 2.5 mm and the passage of the sieve Mo 1,

which is pearl groats Mo 3, 4 and 5, which enter the first pearl groats sorting system, feed flour is removed through the Mo 1 sieve passage.

After the first polishing system, the products are sorted on sieves Ye 3.0 mm and Mo 27. The exit from the Ye 3.0 mm sieve is directed to the second polishing system, the passage of this sieve and the exit of the Mo 27 sieve is a mixture of pearl grains, which enters the second system grain sorting, barley flour is removed through a Mo 27 sieve, which is sent to the bunker. After the second polishing system, the products are sorted on sieves E 3.5 mm and Mo 27. The output from the sieve Mo 27 enters the third pearl grain sorting system, the passage is barley flour, which is sent to the bunker. Pearl groats of different numbers received during sorting are sent separately for control, which is carried out by blowing the groats on one system of air separators, and after checking for metallomagnetic impurities, they are sent to bunkers for finished products.

The closest analogue and the proposed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - hydrothermal treatment; - sorting.

The disadvantage of the technological process of the production of pearl groats, the closest analogue, is the long duration and complexity of the technological process: peeling on two systems of upholstery machines and three systems of peeling and grinding machines of JSC ZSHN type, the use of two polishing systems, which requires significant production areas to accommodate the appropriate peeling, polishing and sorting equipment, bunkers for secondary raw materials, which causes difficulties in implementing this process at factories of low productivity.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method of processing barley into cereal products, in which, by including steaming of moistened grain, the stage of fractionation before processing, exclusion of husking, sorting of husking products, polishing and sorting of polishing products, grinding on one system, inclusion of moistening, dehumidification of the ground kernel, hulling, sorting of hulling products, as well as the use of whole grain barley of a certain grade, to ensure simplification

From the technological process by reducing the number of operations, expanding the range of existing products and increasing the output of finished products.

The task is solved by the fact that in the method of processing barley into cereal products, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, hydrothermal treatment and sorting, according to a useful model, cleaned bare barley grain with a moisture content of no more than 15 95 is moistened heated to 55-60C with water to a moisture content of 18-20 95, dehumidify for 8-10 hours, steam at a steam pressure of 0.15-0F20 MPa for 5-7 min., dry to a moisture content of no more than 14 95, fractionate, at the same time leaving a sieve of 2.3x20 mm grind, control, moisten to a humidity of 22-24 95, dehumidify for 2-3 hours. and flattened, the exit from the 2.0x20 mm sieve is controlled and packaged.

The method is carried out in the following order.

Cleaned from impurities, bare barley grain, for example, of the "Achilles" variety with a moisture content of no more than 15 95, enters the stage of hydrothermal treatment, which is carried out according to the combined structure of cold and hot conditioning. At the first stage, the grain is moistened with water heated to 55-60"C to a humidity of 18-2095 and dehumidified in heat-insulated bunkers for 8-10 hours. The grain prepared in this way is steamed in a periodic steamer of the P3-1 type at a steam pressure of 0.15-0 ,20 MPa for 5-7 minutes, after which it is dried on vertical steam dryers of the BS type to a moisture content of no more than 14 95 and sent to sorting. This stage is carried out in a grain separator. The purpose of this stage is to separate the grain into two fractions. The coarse fraction is obtained by passing through a sieve of 2.3x20 mm, passing through this sieve and passing through a sieve of 2.0x20 mm - fine. At the next stages of the technological process, the grain of the obtained fractions is processed in two parallel streams. The grain is ground on grinding machines that work on the principle of intensive abrasion of shells of the type ZSHN with the use of one system. The circular speed of the disks is set to 18-22 m/s. A decrease in the circular speed of the disks will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of the grain during processing these are on two systems, which will, accordingly, necessitate an increase in the number of systems to three. Increasing the circular speed of the discs will contribute to a more intensive removal of the surface layers of the grain, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of particles of crushed kernel and flour, while reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products.

An increase in the yield of by-products will lead to the need to expand the stage of sorting grinding products due to the installation of additional machines - sieve air separators and aspiration columns.

The mixture of grinding products for the extraction of flour is passed twice through aspiration columns or air separators, after which the ground core of the fine fraction is steamed and ground barley groats, which is sent to the control of metallomagnetic impurities and packaging or to bunkers for finished products.

The polished core of the large fraction enters the stage of hydrothermal treatment, which is carried out by the method of cold conditioning. The core is moistened with water to a humidity of 22-24 95 and moistened for 2-3 hours. after mine, it goes to a rolling machine with corrugated rollers for flattening. When flattening, the inter-roll gap is set at 0.4-0.5 mm.

The mixture of flattened products is dried on belt dryers to a moisture content of no more than 14 95 and sent for sorting to a grain spreader, where flour and small particles of the crushed kernel are extracted by passing through a metal-woven sieve Mo 1, 2, and quick-cooking flattened groats are obtained by exiting, which is controlled for the content of metallomagnetic impurities and directed to packaging or to bunkers for finished products.

Example.

Received barley groats. For this purpose, the grain of bare barley of the "Achilles" variety, with an initial moisture content of 12.6956 and a weight of 2000 g, cleaned of impurities, was weighed on an automatic scale and sent to the stage of hydrothermal treatment. The grain was moistened with water heated to 60 "C to a humidity of 20 95 and dehumidified in a heat-insulated bunker for 10 hours. The grain prepared in this way was steamed in a batch steamer at a steam pressure of 0.20 MPa for 7 minutes, after which it was dried in a dryer to a humidity of 14 95 The coarse fraction was obtained by passing through a 2.3x20 mm sieve, passing through this sieve and passing through a 2.0x20 mm sieve - the fine fraction.

Grinding of both fractions was carried out in a peeling-grinding machine, which works according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells. The circular speed of the disks was set at 22 m/s.

The mixture of grinding products was passed twice through an aspiration column to remove flour.

The ground core of the coarse fraction was moistened to a humidity of 22 95 and moistened for 3 hours.

Z Plyushtenia was carried out on a roller machine with grooved rollers with a working gap of 0.5 mm. The mixture of flattening products was dried in a dryer to a humidity of 14 95 and sent for sorting in a grain spreader. Flour and small particles of the crushed kernel were removed by passing through a metal-woven sieve Mo 1, 2, and quick-cooking flattened groats were obtained by rising.

The polished core of the fine fraction obtained during sorting after removing aerodynamically light impurities was characterized as steamed and polished barley groats.

As a result of the processing of "Achilles" barley, the total output of steamed groats was 37 95, of flattened quick-cooking groats 43 95, by-products and waste (taking into account mechanical losses) - 20 95.

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA The method of processing barley into cereal products, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, hydrothermal treatment and sorting, which is characterized by the fact that the purified grain of bare barley with a moisture content of no more than 15 95 is moistened with water heated to 55-60 "C to humidity 18- 20 95, dehumidify for 8-10 hours, steam at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.F20 MPa for 5-7 minutes, dry to a moisture content of no more than 1495, fractionate, while the exit from the 2.3x20 mm sieve is polished, controlled, moistened to a humidity of 22-24 95, moisten for 2-3 hours. and flattened, the exit from the 2.0x20 mm sieve is controlled and packaged.