UA127582U - METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF BARLEY GROUPS - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of producing barley cereals involves cleaning the grain from impurities, peeling, sorting peeling products, grinding, and sorting grinding products. Grain with a moisture content of no more than 14% is peeled on one system, sanded and sorted twice.

Description

The useful model belongs to the grain industry, in particular to methods of processing barley into grain products, specifically - groats.

There is a well-known method of processing filmy varieties of barley into pearl barley with a total output of 45,956 finished products, which includes grain cleaning from impurities, husking, grinding, polishing of the kernel, sorting and control of grains (see "Rules for the organization and management of the technological process at grain mills factories". - K.: Ministry of agro-industrial complex, 1998. - pp. 53-55).

Barley grain cleaned of characteristic impurities is sent to peeling, which is carried out by sequentially passing through four peeling systems. Existing technology allows the stage of hydrothermal treatment of barley grain before husking. When it is carried out, the grain is steamed at an excess steam pressure of 0.20 MPa for 3 min., dried to a humidity of no more than 15 95 and directed to husking. At the first stage, barley is husked on two systems of upholstering machines, on the second stage - on two systems of husking-grinding machines of the A1T-ZSHN type. After that, the husked barley (pensak) is sent to three grinding and three polishing systems. Grinding and polishing are carried out with intermediate sifting of grinding products, after the second grinding and polishing systems, and intermediate sifting, after the third grinding system. A1-ZSHN type machines are used for grinding and polishing.

Sorting of products after the third grinding system is carried out in a grain separator. The output of sieves 2 2.5 mm is sent to the first polishing system, the passage of sieve 9 2.5 mm and the output of sieve Mo 063 enters the stage of pearl grain sorting. The mixture of products obtained after polishing is sent to the stage of pearl grain sorting, which includes four systems.

On the first sorting system, the exit from the sieve 2 4.0 mm is used to extract particles larger in size compared to the grains, which are returned for polishing, the passage of the sieve 2 4.0 mm and the exit of the sieve E 3.0 mm is sent to the second sorting unit for final sorting system, the passage of sieve 2 3.0 mm and the exit of sieve Mo 056, is a mixture of pearl groats Mo 2, 3, 4, 5 with flour and enters the third sorting system. Flour is removed by passing through a Mo 056 sieve. On the second sorting system, particles smaller in size are removed through the passage of the Е 3.0 mm sieve and sent for additional sorting to the third sorting system, and the exit of the Е 3.0 sieve

Zo mm, which is a pearl grain of Mo 1, is submitted to control. On the third sorting system, pearl grain Mo 2 is extracted on sieves 2 2.5 mm. The passage of sieve 2 2.5 mm and the output of sieve Mo 056 obtained on the third sorting system is a mixture of pearl grains Mo 3,

Mo 4, Mo 5 and the remains of flour, which for final sorting goes to the fourth sorting system, where Mo 3,4 and 5 are respectively received by sieves 9 2.0, 1.5 mm and sieve Mo 056. Pearl groats of all numbers are checked for the presence of flour by passing through air separators once and after checking for metallomagnetic impurities, they are sent to packaging.

The analogue and the claimed useful model have the following operations in common: grain cleaning from impurities; shelling; sorting of peeling products; grinding; sorting of grinding products.

However, the known method involves a long duration and complexity of the technological process: 4 peeling systems, Z grinding systems, Z polishing systems, 5 sorting systems and 7 core control systems at different stages in air separators require significant production areas to accommodate the corresponding peeling, grinding and sorting equipment, bunkers for secondary raw materials, which causes difficulties in the implementation of this process at plants of small capacity, while the yield of cereals does not exceed 50 95.

There is also a well-known method of pearl grain production, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, double peeling, winnowing, triple grinding, sieving, double polishing and sorting (see copyright certificate of the USSR Mo 733233

IPC VO2B 1/00, 1980).

Barley grain cleaned of impurities enters the stage of hydrothermal treatment. The grain is moistened with water at a temperature of 18-20 "С at 1.2 95 and dehumidified for 9 minutes. After dehumidification, the moisture content of the grain before processing increases to 13.4 95. The grain prepared in this way is sent to husking, which is carried out on two systems of upholstery machines.

The mixture of peeling products is winnowed in air separators to extract the husk. The extracted core is polished on three systems of peeling and grinding machines of the A1T-ZShN type. The mixture of products that are formed after the third grinding system and the first and second polishing systems are sifted in grain spreaders on the appropriate sieves. At the same time, after the third grinding system in the disperser, the core is selected through sieve 2 2.5 mm, which is sent to the first polishing system, the mixture is selected through sieve 0 2.5 mm and sieve Mo 1, which is pearl grains Mo 3, 4 and 5, which enter the first pearl grain sorting system, feed flour is removed through the Mo 1 sieve passage. After the first polishing system, the products are sorted on sieves Ye 3.0 mm and Mo 27. The output from the Ye 3.0 mm sieve is directed to the second polishing system, the passage of this sieve and the output of the Mo 27 sieve is a mixture of pearl grains that enters the second system grain sorting, barley flour is removed through a Mo 27 sieve, which is sent to the bunker. After the second polishing system, the products are sorted on sieves 9 3.5 mm and Mo 27. The output from the sieve Mo 27 enters the third pearl grain sorting system, the passage is barley flour, which is sent to the bunker. Pearl groats of different numbers obtained during sorting are sent separately for control, which is carried out by blowing the groats on one system of air separators, and after checking for metallomagnetic impurities, they are sent to bunkers for finished products.

This method was chosen by the prototype.

The prototype and the claimed useful model have the following common operations: grain cleaning from impurities; shelling; sorting of peeling products; grinding; sorting of grinding products.

The disadvantage of the technological process of production of pearl groats according to the prototype is the long duration and complexity of the technological process: peeling on two systems of upholstery machines and three systems of peeling and grinding machines of the type A1-ZShN, the use of two polishing systems, which requires significant production areas to accommodate the appropriate peeling and polishing and sorting equipment, bunkers for secondary raw materials, which causes difficulties in implementing this process at plants of small capacity.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method of production of groats from barley, in which, by changing the order of execution of operations and regimes (exclusion of the stage of hydrothermal

From processing, grain peeling on one system, grinding on two systems, exclusion of polishing and sorting of polishing products), as well as the use of barley of a certain grade, to ensure simplification of the technological process by reducing the number of operations and increasing the yield of finished products.

The task is solved by the fact that in the method of production of groats from barley, which involves cleaning grain from impurities, peeling, sorting of peeling products, grinding and sorting of grinding products, according to a useful model, grain with a moisture content of no more than 14 95 is peeled on one system, double grinding and sorting.

The method is carried out in the following order. Cleaned from impurities, grain of filmy barley, for example, "Donetsk 12" variety, with a moisture content of no more than 14 95, is sent to the shelling in one stream. This stage is carried out in peeling-grinding machines, which work according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells of the ZShN type. When peeling, the circular speed of the discs is set at the level of 18-20 m/s. A decrease in the circular speed of the grinding discs will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of grain when processing grain on one peeling system, which will accordingly cause the need to increase the number of systems to two or three. An increase in the circular speed of the grinding wheels will contribute to a more intense removal of the surface layers of the grain, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of particles of crushed kernel and flour, while reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products. In addition to increasing the yield of by-products, it will lead to the need to expand the sorting stage of peeling products due to the installation of additional machines - sieve air separators and aspiration columns.

The mixture of peeling products enters two systems of aspiration columns or air separators. The purpose of this stage is to extract from the mixture aerodynamically light components - flour and husk, after extraction of which the core enters the grinding systems. Grinding is carried out using peeler-grinding machines that work on the principle of intensive abrasion of shells of the ZShN type. When grinding, the circular speed of the disks is set at the level of 16-18 m/s. A decrease in the circular speed of the grinding discs will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of grain when processing grain on two dehusking systems, which will, accordingly, necessitate an increase in the number of systems to three or four. An increase in the circular speed of the grinding wheels will contribute to a more intensive removal of the surface layers of the grain, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of crushed kernel and flour particles, while reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products. In addition to increasing the yield of by-products, it will lead to the need to expand the sorting stage of peeling products due to the installation of additional machines - sieve air separators and aspiration columns.

The mixture of products after the first grinding system for extraction from flour and husks enters one system of aspiration columns or air separators. After the second grinding system, the mixture is sorted in two stages: in the first stage, the kernels are passed through two systems of aspiration columns or air separators, where the husk, flour and small particles of the crushed kernel are removed, in the second stage, in the grain disperser, through a sieve of 2.2x20 mm, grain is obtained barley Me 1, sieve passage 2.2x20 mm and rise 2.0x20 mm - grain Mo 2, sieve passage 2.0x20 mm and rise 1.4x20 mm grain Me3. Pass through a 1.4x20 mm sieve to remove flour residues and crushed kernel particles. After magnetic control, the resulting cereal is sent to packaging.

Example

Received barley groats. To do this, barley grain of the "Donetsk 12" variety, with an initial moisture content of 12.59o and a weight of 2000 g, cleaned of impurities, was weighed on automatic scales and sent to husking, which was carried out in a husking-grinding machine, which works on the principle of intensive shell abrasion. The circular speed of the discs was set at 18 m/s. The mixture of dehulling products for the extraction of flour and husk was passed through two systems of aspiration columns and directed to grinding. Grinding was carried out on two systems in peeling-grinding machines, which work according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells. The circular speed of the discs was set at 18 m/s.

The mixture of products after the first grinding system was passed through one system of aspiration columns for extracting flour and husks, after the second - to extract husks, flour and small particles of the crushed kernel, it was passed through two systems of aspiration columns, on the second one, sorting was carried out in a grain separator where east sieves 2.2x20 mm received Mo 1 barley groats, Mo 2 groats passed through a sieve 2.2x20 mm and rise 2.0x20 mm, Mo 3 groats passed through a sieve 2.0x20 mm and rise 1.4x20 mm. Sieve passage 1.4x20 mm flour and particles of crushed kernel were removed.

As a result of processing barley of the "Donetsk 12" variety, the total yield of grains was 62.4 95, by-products and waste (taking into account mechanical losses) - 37.6 95.

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA The method of production of barley groats, which includes grain cleaning from impurities, husking, sorting of husking products, grinding and sorting of grinding products, which is characterized by the fact that grain with a moisture content of no more than 14 95 is husked on one system, twice polished and sorted.