UA120338U - METHOD OF PROCESSING GRAIN IRON IN GROUPS - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of processing millet grain into cereals involves cleaning the grain from impurities, peeling, sorting of products of peeling, grinding and sorting of products of grinding, and the grain with a moisture content of not more than 14% is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.17 MPa for 5-7 minutes. , dried to a moisture content of not more than 12-13%, peel on the system of roller mill machines in two stages: on the first - in the machine with two decks, on the second - the machine with one deck, grind and sort.

Description

The useful model belongs to the cereal industry, in particular to methods of processing millet into cereal products, specifically whole grain cereals.

There is a known method of millet production, which includes grain cleaning from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, drying, peeling, sorting and control of finished products (see patent of the Russian Federation Mo 2115476 IPC VO285/02 1996).

After weighing, the millet grain is sent to air separators for cleaning from impurities.

At the next stage, a threefold successive separation on sieves is carried out. Large impurities are removed through sieves of 24.0-4.5 mm on the first system and 3.0-3.5 mm on the third.

Small impurities are removed on sieves 1.6x20 mm or 1.5x20 mm. Additional extraction of small impurities is carried out in A1-BRU dispersers. Grain cleaned of impurities is sent to hydrothermal treatment, which is carried out using the method of cold conditioning. The grain is moistened with water to a humidity of 18-24 95. At this stage, the use of a moistening machine of the AI-BSHU-2 type is assumed. After that, the grain enters the bunkers for dehumidification, which lasts for 9-12 hours. At the next stage, the grain is dried in a dryer at a temperature of the drying agent of 120-150 "C for 3.5-4.5 min. and directed to husking. This stage is carried out in a roller deck machine with two decks of the DSHO-3 type. The circular speed of the roller is set 15.5 m/s. The mixture of peeling products for the extraction of husks is blown in aspirators and sent to screw press machines of the UT-BSHP type, in which the final extraction of shells and germ is carried out. comes to the control, which is carried out in grain dispersers AT-BRU. Impurities and a small amount of unhusked grain are removed through sieves E 2.3-2.5 mm. Particles of crushed kernel are removed through sieve 2 1.6-1.7 mm The exit from these sieves is groats - millet, which is directed to two systems of aspirators, magnetic control, after which the groats enter the bunkers for finished products.

The analogue and the claimed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - hydrothermal treatment; - peeling;

Zo - sorting of peeling products.

However, the known method involves a long duration and complexity of the technological process: the stage of hydrothermal treatment includes moistening and dehumidification of the grain for 9-12 hours, drying at a temperature of the drying agent of 120-150 "C, which requires significant production areas for placing bunkers for dehumidification and additional technological equipment of humidifying machines and dryers, which causes difficulties in the implementation of this process at factories of low productivity.

There is also a well-known method of grinding millet groats, which includes grain cleaning from impurities, sorting into fractions, peeling, sorting of peeling products, grinding of the core, sorting of grinding products and control (see "Rules for the organization and management of the technological process at grain factories". - Kyiv: Ministry of Agro-Industrial Complex, 1998. -p 48-52).

Grain cleaned of impurities is sent to sorting, which is carried out with the use of sieve-air separators and grain dispersers A1-BRU at this stage. The existing scheme involves the processing of millet grain in one (without the fractionation stage) or two streams (with fractionation). When processing millet with the fractionation stage, the grain is divided into large and small fractions. The coarse fraction is obtained through a sieve passage of 2 3.0 mm and a passage of 1.7x20 mm, a fine fraction - through a passage of 1.7x20 mm and a passage of 1.5x20 mm. The resulting fractions are sent to peeling in two parallel streams. The existing scheme provides for the use of roller decking machines with one or two decks at the peeling stage. When using machines with one deck, husking is carried out by passing the grain through four consecutive husking systems, if a scheme with grain separation into fractions is used, husking is carried out on three systems: separately on the first and simultaneously on the second and third. When using machines with two decks, sequential peeling using two systems is assumed. Sorting of peeling products is carried out after each peeling system. At this stage, the use of air separators is envisaged, the main purpose of which is to remove from the mixture of husk, particles of crushed kernel and flour, the failure to remove which will lead to a decrease in the efficiency of the following stages of the technological process. After the first peeling system, three consecutive passes through air separators are provided, and after the second, third and fourth systems - two passes each. After the last dehusking system and extraction of 60 aerodynamically light components in air separators, millet kernels are obtained, the content of unhusked grains in which does not exceed 1 95. The existing scheme provides for grinding, the purpose of which is to extract fruit, seed shells and partially the germ. Grinding is carried out on the same system with the use of rolling deck machines, A1-ZSHN type machines, special screw-press grinding machines U1-BSHP. The mixture of grinding products is separated by passing it twice through air separators, in which the flour, finely ground particles of the core and husk residues are extracted. The whole ground core enters the grain disperser for control. Large impurities are removed through sieves Е 2.3-2.5 mm or 1.8-1.р9х20 mm, and the remains of flour and crushed kernel are removed through sieves 2 1.6-1.7 mm. Millet millet is obtained from the grain of 1.6-1.7 mm, which is controlled by passing it twice through air separators, after which the groats are sent to packaging. The output of finished products is 60 Ob.

This method was chosen by the prototype.

The prototype and the claimed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - peeling; - sorting of peeling products; - grinding; - sorting of grinding products.

The disadvantage of this technological process for the production of polished millet groats is the long technological process, with the use of four (machines with one deck) or two (machines with two decks) peeling systems, a complex stage of sorting the products of peeling with the use of up to nine air separator systems, stage control of the core in the grain disperser and air separator, which requires significant production areas to accommodate the appropriate machines and causes difficulties in implementing this process at factories of low productivity.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method of processing millet grain into groats, in which, by including the stage of hydrothermal treatment by the method of hot conditioning, reducing the duration of the peeling stage (one-time fractional peeling on a roller deck machine with two decks and using one ladder system of machines with

With one tray), reducing the number of air separators at the separation stage, as well as using millet of a certain grade, to ensure the simplification of the technological process by reducing the number of operations, their duration, increasing the yield of finished products and expanding the existing assortment of millet processing products.

The task is solved in the method of processing millet grain into groats, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, husking, sorting the husking products, grinding and sorting the grinding products, by the fact that, unlike the prototype, the grain with a moisture content of no more than 14 95 is steamed under steam pressure 0.15-0.17 MPa for 5-7 min., dried to a humidity of no more than 12-13 95, peeled on a system of rolling deck machines in two stages: on the first in a machine with two decks, on the second - a machine with one deck, grind and sort.

The method is carried out in the following order. Cleaned from impurities, millet grain, for example, of the "Poltava Golden" variety, with a moisture content of no more than 14 95, enters the stage of hydrothermal treatment. The grain is steamed in a periodic steamer of the PZ type at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.17

MPa for 5-7 minutes, after which it is sent to vertical steam dryers of the BS type for drying to a humidity that does not exceed 12-13 95. The grain is husked on a system of roller deck machines with two decks. The husking mode is set so as to obtain 96 husked grains after the 89-93 system. The mixture of peeling products is controlled by passing through a system of air separators or aspiration columns, in which the husk, flour and particles of the crushed kernel are extracted. Hulled and unhulled grain enters a step-hulling system, which uses roller deck machines with one deck. The dehusking mode is set so as to obtain 95-99 95 dehusked grain after the ladder system.

The mixture of peeling products for the extraction of husk and flour is sent to the system of air separators or aspiration columns. The whole core is sent for grinding, which is carried out in peeling-grinding machines that work on the principle of intensive abrasion of shells of the ZShN type. The circular speed of the disks is set at 16-18 m/s. The mixture of grinding products to remove flour, crushed kernel particles and a small amount of husk is passed through two systems of air separators or aspiration columns.

After winnowing, the millet kernel is ground, steamed grain, which is controlled for the presence of metallomagnetic impurities and sent to packaging or to bunkers for finished products.

Example.

Received millet groats. For this purpose, millet grain of the "Poltava golden" variety, with a moisture content of 13.3 96, cleaned of impurities, was sent to a periodic steamer, in which steaming was carried out at a steam pressure of 0.17 MI Ia for 6 min. After that, it was dried in a dryer to a humidity of 12 95 and sent to peeling. The grain was husked in a rolling machine with two decks. The share of hulled grain after the hulling system was 9095. The mixture of hulling products was passed through one system of aspiration columns, where the husk, flour and small particles of the crushed kernel were extracted and directed to the ladder hulling system, on which a single deck rolling machine was used. The share of husked grain after the step husking system was 98 95. The mixture of husking products was passed through two systems of aspiration columns and directed to grinding, which was carried out in a husking-grinding machine that works by the method of intensive shell abrasion.

The circular speed of the disks was set at 18 m/s. The mixture of grinding products for the extraction of aerodynamically light components was sent to two systems of aspiration columns, the core extracted at this stage was a grinded and steamed grain.

As a result of the processing of "Poltava Golden" millet grain into groats, the total output of the product was 73 95, by-products and waste (including mechanical losses) - 27 9.

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA The method of processing millet grain into groats, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, peeling, sorting of peeling products, grinding and sorting of grinding products, which differs in that grain with a moisture content of no more than 14 95 is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.17 MPa for 5-7 min., dried to a humidity of no more than 12-13 95, peeled on a system of rolling deck machines in two stages: in the first - in a machine with two decks, in the second - machines with one deck, grind and sort.