UA117905U - PRODUCTION OF WHOLE GRAIN PRODUCTION - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for the production of whole grain flour includes impurity purification, heat treatment, crushing and crushing products sorting. Buckwheat grain with a moisture content of 10-14% is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 5-10 minutes, dried to a moisture content of 12-14%, peeled on one system, sorted and crushed.

Description

The useful model belongs to the grain industry, in particular to methods of processing buckwheat grain into grain products, specifically whole grain flour.

A known method of buckwheat flour production, which includes grain cleaning from impurities, fractionation, moistening, dehumidification, heat treatment by convective-conductive method, cooling, peeling, sorting of peeling products and grinding | see patent

RF Mo 2268615 А2ЗИ 1/10, VO2S 9/04, VO2B 1/08 2004|.

Buckwheat grain is cleaned of characteristic impurities, sorted into three fractions and sent to the hydrothermal treatment stage. At the first stage, the buckwheat grain is moistened to 24-30 965 and dehumidified for 4-8 hours, after which thermal treatment of the moistened grain is carried out at a temperature of 160-190 "С for 2-3 minutes. The grain is cooled on a guide for peeling, which is carried out in a roller deck Machines. Hulling products are sorted in two stages: in the first stage, the husk is removed in aspiration columns, in the second stage, flour is removed in a grain sorting machine and the husked and unhusked grain is separated. The unhusked grain is returned to husking, the whole husked and crushed kernel is sent to grinding. Buckwheat flour is obtained by sifting through a Mo 35 sieve, the residue on the sieve should not exceed 5 95. The yield of flour is 78 95.

The analogue and the claimed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - hydrothermal treatment; - peeling; - sorting of peeling products; - grinding; - sorting of grinding products.

However, the known method involves a long duration and complexity of the technological process: carrying out the stage of hydrothermal treatment involves moistening the grain followed by its dehumidification and carrying out a special thermal treatment by a convective-conductive method in which the grain is heated at a temperature of 160-190 "С, the husking of the grain is carried out in three streams, which requires significant production areas for the placement of bunkers and special machines and causes difficulties in implementing this process at small factories

From power.

There is also a known method of producing barley flour, which includes cleaning the grain from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, grinding and sorting | see patent of the Russian Federation No. 2245192 IPC VO2S 9/04 2005 |.

Barley grain is cleaned of impurities, moistened to a humidity of 21-22 95 and dehumidified for 18-20 hours. The grain prepared in this way is roasted at a temperature of 210-220" for 2-3 minutes, while the moisture content of the grain is reduced to 8-9 95. After roasting, the grain is ground in a rolling machine. The grinding products are sorted by size in a spreader. The sieve exit is 4.2 obtained during sorting is returned for re-grinding.

The passage of the sieve 2 4.2 and the exit of the sieve Mo 08 are directed to aspiration, after which they are ground on three shredding and three grinding systems to flour, which is obtained when sifting through the passage of kapron whitefish Mo 27. The yield of flour is 69-72 9.

This method was chosen by the prototype.

The prototype and the claimed useful model have the following common operations: grain cleaning from impurities; hydrothermal treatment; grinding; sorting of grinding products.

However, the known method involves a long duration and complexity of the technological process: carrying out the stage of hydrothermal treatment involves moistening and dehumidifying the grain for 18-20 hours, roasting, which requires the use of special machines, which requires significant production areas for placing bunkers and corresponding machines and causes difficulties in carrying out this process at plants of small capacity.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method of producing flour from whole grain, in which by changing operations (steaming of grain instead of frying), shortening the grinding stage (grinding of grain using four shredding systems instead of three shredding and three grinding systems), as well as the use of grain buckwheat of a certain variety, to ensure the simplification of the technological process by reducing the number of operations, their duration and increasing the yield of finished products.

The task is solved by the fact that in the method of production of flour from whole grains, which includes cleaning from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, grinding and sorting of grinding products, in contrast to the prototype, buckwheat grain with a moisture content of 10-14 95 is steamed at a steam pressure of 0 ,15-0.20 MPa for 5-10 minutes, dried to a humidity of 12-14 95, peeled on the same system, sorted and crushed.

The method is carried out in the following order. Buckwheat grain cleaned of impurities with a moisture content of no more than 14.0 95 enters the operational bunkers in one stream. The grain is steamed in periodic steamers of the PZ type at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 5-7 minutes, after which it is dried in vertical steam dryers of the VS type to a humidity of no more than 14 95. After hydrothermal treatment, the buckwheat grain enters the groats a disperser in which separation into large and small fractions is carried out. A coarse fraction of grain is obtained through sieves of 4.0 mm, a fine fraction is obtained through sieves of 4.0 mm and 3.3 mm. After fractionation, the buckwheat grain enters the hulling in two parallel streams. This technological operation is carried out in rolling machines with rubberized rollers or in rolling deck machines.

The mixture of peeling products of both fractions is sorted in two stages. At the first stage, it is passed through two systems of air separators, the main purpose of this stage is to remove aerodynamically light impurities - flour and husk. At the second stage, the mixture of husked and unhusked grain is sorted in a grain separator, where when sorting the coarse fraction through the passage of sieves E 3.8 mm, the husked whole and crushed kernels are removed, the exit of the sieve E 4.0 is returned to the dehusking system for the coarse fraction. When sorting the fine fraction, the shelled whole and crushed kernels are removed through a sieve of 2 3.1 mm, the output from these sieves is returned to the shelling system of the fine fraction.

When sorting both grain fractions, flour is obtained by passing through metal woven sieves Mo 080.

Removed at the stage of sorting the peeling products, the peeled whole and crushed core of both fractions are combined and sent for grinding. This stage is carried out in rolling machines with the use of four shredding systems (dr. c). The ratio of roller speeds on all systems is 2.5; circular speed of rollers - 3.5 m/s; placement of corrugations - point by point, the number of corrugations per 1 cm of the roller surface, depending on the system, should be from 4.0 to 8.0 pcs. The inter-roll gap is adjusted after each other p. in the value range of 0.4...0.1 mm. Sorting of grinding products is carried out after each grinding system. Grain spreaders are used for sorting. Flour is selected by passing sieves from Mo 056 to Mo 090 on each sorting system. The exit from this sieve after the first, second and third dr. p

They are sent to the next grinding system, after the fourth grinding system, the remainder is buckwheat bran. At the final stage, control of the received flour and bran is carried out, after which they are sent to packaging.

Example.

We got whole grain flour. To do this, buckwheat grain cleaned of impurities with an initial moisture content of 13.196, weighing 2000 g, was weighed on an automatic scale and sent to a periodic steamer, where it was treated with saturated steam at a steam pressure of 0.20 MPa for 5 min. After that, the grain was dried on vertical steam dryers to a moisture content of 14 95 and sent to a grain spreader in which the grain was separated into two fractions. The coarse fraction was obtained by passing sieves 2 4.0 mm, passing through sieves 2 4.0 mm and passing 2 3.3 mm - fine fraction. At the next stage, the grain was fractionally sent to the shelling, which was carried out in a rolling machine.

The mixture of peeling products was first passed through two systems of aspiration columns. At the same time, husk and flour were removed from the mixture. After that, in the grain separator, during sorting of the coarse fraction through the passage of sieves 0 3.8 mm, the shelled whole and crushed kernels were removed. Unhusked grain was obtained by passing it through a sieve of E 3.8, which was returned to the hulling system for the large fraction. When sorting the fine fraction, the shelled whole and crushed kernels were removed through a 3.1 mm sieve, the output from these sieves was returned to the fine fraction peeling system. During the sorting of both grain fractions, flour was removed by passing through metal woven sieves Mo 080. The peeled whole and crushed kernels of both fractions were combined and sent to grinding, which was carried out using four shredding systems (dr. s.) in rolling machines. The ratio of roller speeds on all systems was set to 2.5; circular speed of rollers - 3.5 m/s; placement of corrugations - point by point, the number of corrugations per 1 cm of the roller surface, depending on the system, was from 4.0 to 8.0 pcs. The inter-roller gap was adjusted after each dr. s: I dr. s - 0.6 mm, II dr. s - 0.4 mm, IS dr. s. ...... 0.2 mm, MI other p. - 01 mm. Sorting of grinding products was carried out after each grinding system. Grain spreaders were used for sorting. Flour was selected through the passage of sig Mo 067 on each sorting system.

The output from this sieve after the first, second and third dr. s. entered the next grinding system, after the fourth dr. s. - the rest was buckwheat bran.

As a result of processing buckwheat grain into flour from whole grain, the total yield of the finished product was 74.0 95, by-products and waste (taking into account mechanical losses) - 26.0 9.

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA The method of production of flour from whole grains, which includes cleaning from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, grinding and sorting of grinding products, which is characterized by the fact that buckwheat grain with a moisture content of 10-14 95 is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 5- 10 min, dried to a humidity of 12-14 95, peeled on one system, sorted and ground.