UA119930U - METHOD OF PROCESSING GRAIN IRON IN GROUPS - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of processing millet grain into grain involves the cleaning of grain from impurities, peeling, sorting of peeling products, grinding and sorting of grinding products. Grain with a moisture content of not more than 14% peel on the system of roller mill machines in two stages: on the first - in the machine with two decks, on the second - the machine with one deck. The kernel is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.17 MPa for 3-5 min, dried to a moisture content of not more than 12%, crushed and sorted.

Description

The useful model belongs to the grain industry, in particular to methods of processing millet into grain products, specifically ground grain.

There is a known method of millet production, which includes grain cleaning from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, drying, peeling, sorting and control of finished products (see patent of the Russian Federation Mo 2115476, IPC VO2B 5/02 1996).

After weighing, the millet grain is sent to air separators for cleaning from impurities.

At the next stage, a threefold successive separation on sieves is carried out. Large impurities are removed from sieves of 4.0-4.5 mm on the first system and 3.0-3.5 mm on the third.

Small impurities are removed on sieves 1.6x20 mm or 1.5x20 mm. Additional extraction of small impurities is carried out in A1-BRU dispersers. Grain cleaned of impurities is sent to hydrothermal treatment, which is carried out using the method of cold conditioning. The grain is moistened with water to a humidity of 18-24 95. At this stage, the use of a moistening machine type AT1-BSHU-2 is assumed. After that, the grain enters the bunkers for dehumidification, which lasts for 9-12 hours. At the next stage, the grain is dried in a dryer at a temperature of the drying agent of 120-150 "C for 3.5-4.5 minutes and directed to the husking. This stage is carried out in a two-deck roller deck machine type 2-DSHOS-3. The circular speed of the roller is set to 15, 5 m/s. The mixture of peeling products for the extraction of husks is blown in aspirators and sent to screw press machines of the UT-BSHP type, in which the final extraction of shells and germ is carried out. control carried out in grain dispersers of AT-BRU. Impurities and a small amount of unhusked grain are removed through sieve 2 2.3-2.5 mm. Crushed kernel and flour are removed through sieve 2 1.6-1.7 mm The output from these sieves is millet groats, which are directed to two systems of aspirators, magnetic control, after which the groats enter the bunkers for finished products.

The analogue and the claimed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - hydrothermal treatment; - peeling; - sorting of peeling products.

However, the known method involves a long duration and complexity of the technological process: hydrothermal treatment includes humidification and dehumidification for 9-12 hours, the need to dry the grain at a drying agent temperature of 120-150 "С, which requires significant production areas for placing bunkers for dehumidification and additional technological equipment - humidifying machines and dryers, which causes difficulties in the implementation of this process at plants of small capacity.

There is also a well-known method of grinding millet groats, which includes grain cleaning from impurities, sorting into fractions, peeling, sorting of peeling products, grinding of the core, sorting of grinding products and control (see "Rules for the organization and management of the technological process at grain factories". - Kyiv: Ministry of Agro-Industrial Complex, 1998. - pp. 48-52).

Grain cleaned of impurities is sent to sorting, which is carried out with the use of sieve-air separators and grain dispersers A1-BRU at this stage. The existing scheme involves the processing of millet grain in one (without the fractionation stage) or two streams (with fractionation). When processing millet with the fractionation stage, the grain is divided into large and small fractions. The coarse fraction is obtained through a 3.0 mm sieve passage and a 1.7x20 mm sieve, and a fine fraction - through a 1.7x20 mm sieve and a 1.5x20 mm sieve. The resulting fractions are sent to peeling in two parallel streams. The existing scheme provides for the use of roller decking machines with one or two decks at the peeling stage. When using machines with one deck, husking is carried out by passing the grain through four consecutive husking systems, if a scheme with grain separation into fractions is used, husking is carried out on three systems: separately on the first and simultaneously on the second and third. When using two-deck machines, it is assumed that the grain is husked sequentially using two systems.

Sorting of peeling products is carried out after each peeling system. At this stage, the use of air separators is envisaged, the main purpose of which is to remove from the mixture of husk, particles of crushed kernel and flour, the failure to remove which will lead to a sharp decrease in the efficiency of the following stages of the technological process. After the first peeling system, three consecutive passes of air separators are provided, and after the second, third and fourth systems - two passes each. After the last peeling system and extraction of aerodynamically light components in air separators, a millet core is obtained, the content of unshelled grains in which does not exceed 195. Such a core is a semi-finished product that can be used as a food product. In order to improve the marketable appearance, consumer properties of groats, and extend the shelf life, the existing scheme provides for grinding, the purpose of which is to remove fruit, seed shells and partially the germ. Grinding is carried out on the same system with the use of rolling deck machines, A1-ZSHN type machines, special screw-press grinding machines U1-BSHP. The mixture of grinding products is separated by passing twice through air separators, in which flour, finely ground particles of the core and husk residues are extracted.

The whole ground core enters the grain disperser for control. Large impurities are removed through sieves 9 2.3-2.5 mm or 1.8-14.p9 x 20 mm, flour residues and crushed kernels are removed through sieves 4 1.6-1.7 mm. After exiting sieves 2 1.6-1.7 mm millet is obtained, which is controlled by passing through air separators twice, after which the groats are sent to packaging. The output of finished products is 60 9.

This method was chosen as a prototype.

The prototype and the claimed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - peeling; - sorting of peeling products; - grinding; - sorting of grinding products.

The disadvantage of the technological process for the production of groats ground millet according to the prototype is the large length of the technological process, which involves the implementation of four peeling systems when using machines with one tray and two when using machines with two trays, a complex stage of sorting the products of peeling with the use of up to nine systems of air separators , a complex stage of core control in the grain disperser and air separator, which requires significant production areas to accommodate the relevant machines and causes difficulties in implementing this process in factories of low productivity.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method of processing millet grain into groats, in which, by carrying out one-time peeling on a roller deck machine with two decks and using one ladder system of machines with one deck, reducing the amount

From air separators at the stage of separation, inclusion in the technological process of hydrothermal treatment of the core and grinding, as well as the use of millet of a certain grade, to ensure the simplification of the technological process by reducing the number of operations, their duration, increasing the yield of finished products and expanding the existing assortment of millet processing products.

The task is solved in the method of processing millet grain into groats, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, husking, sorting the husking products, grinding and sorting the grinding products, in that, unlike the prototype, grain with a moisture content of no more than 14 95 is husked on a roller deck system machines in two stages: on the first - in a machine with two decks, on the second - a machine with one deck, the core is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.17

MPa for 3-5 minutes, dried to a moisture content of no more than 12 95, crushed and sorted.

The method is carried out in the following order. Cleaned from impurities, millet grain, such as the "Poltava Golden" variety, with a moisture content of no more than 14 95, is sent to the system of roller deck machines with two decks for husking. The dehusking mode is set to obtain 96 dehusked grain after the first system of 89-93. The mixture of peeling products is controlled by passing through a system of air separators or aspiration columns, in which the husk, flour and particles of the crushed kernel are extracted. Hulled kernels and unhulled grain are fed to a step-down hulling system that uses single-deck roller decking machines. The dehusking mode is set so as to obtain 95-99 95 dehusked grain after the ladder system. The mixture of peeling products for the extraction of husk and flour is sent to two systems of air separators or aspiration columns. The whole kernel is subjected to steaming, which is carried out in a periodic steamer of the PZ type at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.17 MPa for 3-5 minutes. After that, they are dried on vertical steam dryers of the BS type to a humidity that does not exceed 12595 and sent for grinding. This operation is carried out on roller machines of type A1-BZN on corrugated rollers using one grinding system. Characteristics of the rollers: the number of grooves per 1 cm of the circle of the rollers is 4.5-5.0 pcs., the slope of the grooves to the horizontal is 10-12 95, the speed of rotation of the rollers is 8-10 m/s, the relative location of the grooves is acute to acute, the ratio roller speeds - 2.5. When grinding, set an inter-roll gap in the range of 0.7-0.9 mm. The mixture of grinding products is sorted in a grain disperser, where the crushed core is removed by passing through metal woven sieves Mo 067, which is sent for control to one system of air separators or aspiration columns, passed through magnetic separators and sent to packaging or to bunkers for finished products. Through the sieve

Mo 067 receive flour.

Example

Received millet groats. For this purpose, millet grain of the "Poltava Golden" variety, with a moisture content of 13.3 95, cleaned of impurities, was sent for husking. The grain was husked in a rolling machine with two decks. The share of hulled grain after the hulling system was 91 95. The mixture of hulling products was passed through one system of aspiration columns, where the husk, flour and small particles of the crushed kernel were extracted. A mixture of hulled and unhulled grain was sent to a step-down hulling system that used a roller-decking machine with one deck. The share of husked grain after the step husking system was 98 95. After that, the mixture of husking products was passed through two systems of aspiration columns. The whole core was fed into a batch steamer, where it was steamed at a steam pressure of 0.17 MPa for 3 min. The core was dried in a dryer to a moisture content of 12 95 and sent to a rolling machine for grinding. Characteristics of the rollers for grinding: the number of grooves per 1 cm of the circle of the rollers is 4.5 pcs., the slope of the grooves to the horizontal is 12 95, the rotation speed of the rollers is 10 m/s, the mutual arrangement of the grooves is an acute to acute angle, the ratio of the speeds of the rollers is 2.5 . When grinding, an inter-roll gap of 0.8 mm was set. The mixture of milling products was sorted in a grain disperser, where the milled core was extracted from metal woven sieves Mo 067, which was passed through a system of aspiration columns for control, in which flour, a small amount of husk and small particles of the milled core were extracted. Flour was removed by passing through a Mo 067 sieve.

As a result of the processing of "Poltava Golden" millet grain into crushed groats, the total output of the product was 76 95, by-products and waste (including mechanical losses) - 24 Ob.

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA The method of processing millet grain into groats, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, peeling, sorting the products of peeling, grinding and sorting the products of grinding, which is characterized by the fact that the grain with a moisture content of no more than 14 95 is peeled on a system of rolling machines in two stages : on the first - in a machine with two decks, on the second - a machine with one deck, the core is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.017 MPa for 3-5 minutes, dried to a humidity of no more than 12 95, crushed and sorted. 0000 Computer technician O. Gergil 00000000 Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine, str. M. Hrushevsky, 12/2, m. Kyiv, 01008, Ukraine SE "Ukrainian Institute of Intellectual Property", str. Glazunova, 1, m. Kyiv - 42, 01601