UA104665U - The method of production of cereal with spelled - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of production of flakes from the polby involves moistening, moistening, steaming, tempering and flattening. Polby grain with humidity of 10-14% is peeled on three peeling systems, sorted, polby grain is moistened to humidity 24,0-26,0%.

Description

The useful model belongs to the cereal industry, in particular to methods of processing spelled into cereal products, specifically spelled flakes.

There is a known method of production of barley flakes, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, moistening, dehumidifying, steaming the grain, drying, peeling, grinding, moistening the grain, moistening, flattening | see author's certificate of the USSR Mo 880400 IPC

A2311M10, 1979)|. Analogue and useful model, which is claimed, have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - peeling; - grinding; - moistening of groats; - dehumidification; - flattening

However, the known method involves a large length and complexity of the technological process: two-stage hydrothermal treatment according to the structure of moistening-dehumidification-steaming-drying before peeling, peeling, sorting of peeling products, grinding of peeled kernels to obtain groats, re-moistening-dehumidification of groats, which requires significant production costs areas for placing the appropriate machines and difficulties in implementing this process at small-capacity plants, low indicators of the output of finished products 70-75 9o.

There is also a known method of production of quick-digesting products from wheat groats, which involves moistening, dehumidification, steaming, tempering, re-moistening twice and dehumidifying, cooling, drying, re-cooling, flattening (|see copyright certificate of the USSR Mo 1338833 IPC A231 110, 1985| .

The resulting wheat groats are moistened to a moisture content of 22.0-28.0 9o, dehumidified for 50-70 minutes and steamed at a steam pressure of 0.1 MPa for 30-90 seconds. In the course of this technological operation, the humidity of the groats increases to 25.0-31.0 95. Steamed groats are dehumidified for 30-90 minutes and additional processing of the grain is carried out in two stages. At the first stage, the groats are moistened to a humidity of 26.0-32.0 90 and moistened for 15-45 minutes, in the second - to a humidity of 27.0-33.0 90 and moistened for 60-120 minutes. The cereal prepared in this way is subjected to preliminary cooling to a temperature that does not exceed the surrounding environment

The temperature is 2-57C and the humidity is 25.0-31.0 95. The cooling agent (air) has a temperature of 15-20 76.

After that, the groats are dried in a "boiling bed" of air with a temperature of 100 "С to a humidity of 22-2895 and re-cooled with air with a temperature of 15-20 С to a temperature that does not exceed the ambient environment by 2-57С and a humidity of 21.0-27.0 o. The prepared cereal is flattened into flakes with a thickness of 0.4-0.5 mm. This technological operation is carried out on machines with smooth rolls. The flakes are dried at an air temperature of 40-60 "C for 4-6 minutes.

The total yield of flakes is up to 95 95.

This method was chosen by the prototype.

The prototype and the claimed useful model have the following common operations: - humidification; - dehumidification; - steaming; - tempering; - flattening

The disadvantage of the technological process for the production of quick-digesting products from wheat groats is the long duration of the stage of hydrothermal treatment of grain, which includes three-stage moistening of groats, dehumidification, steaming, drying and two-time cooling of groats, which requires significant production areas to accommodate the appropriate machines, bunkers for dehumidification and tempering. which causes difficulties in implementing this process at plants of small capacity.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method for the production of spelled flakes, in which by changing the regimes (one-time moistening of the groats to a moisture content of 24-26 95 instead of its three-stage processing), the introduction of special operations (husking, sorting of hulling products), as well as the use of spelled of a certain grade , to ensure the simplification of the technological process by reducing the number of operations and their duration.

The task is solved in the method of production of spelled flakes, which involves moistening, dehumidification, steaming, tempering and flattening, which differs in that spelled grains with a moisture content of 10-14,956 are peeled on three peeling systems, sorted, spelled groats are moistened to a moisture content of 24.0 -26.0 9".

The method is carried out in the following order. Spelled grain cleaned of impurities, for example, of the "Dawn of Ukraine" variety, with a moisture content of no more than 10.0-14.0 95, enters operational bunkers. After that, it is controlled for magnetic impurities and goes to peeling, which is carried out on three peeling systems. For peeling on the first system, upholstery machines are used, on the second and third - peeling and grinding machines A1-ZSHN, which work according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells. When peeling grain on the first peeling system, in upholstery machines, the wheel speed of the whips is set at 16...20 m/s, the slope of the whips is 8...10 95, on the second and third peeling systems, when peeling in peeling-grinding machines A1-ZSHN wheel speed of grinding discs is set at the level of - 16...18 m/s. A decrease in the wheel speed of the whips and their slope on the first peeling system will lead to insufficient removal of flower shells on the first system, which will accordingly cause the need to expand the peeling stage and increase the number of consecutive passes of the upholstery machines to two.

A decrease in the circular speed of the grinding discs when peeling spelled on the second and third peeling systems will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of the grain when processing the grain on two grinding systems, which will accordingly cause the need to increase the number of grinding systems to three or four. An increase in the circular speed of the bulls and their inclination will increase the intensity of dehusking and contribute to an increase in the dehusking ratio, however, intensive dehusking will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of particles of crushed kernel and flour, while reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products when it is further processed into flakes. Increasing the circular speed of the grinding discs on the second and third hulling systems will contribute to a more intensive removal of the surface layers of the grain, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of particles of crushed kernel and flour, while reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products. In addition, an increase in the yield of by-products will cause the need to expand the stage of sorting of peeling products due to the installation of additional grain dispersers or sieve-air separators and aspiration columns.

The mixture of dehusking products, after the first dehusking system, which contains dehusked, unhusked grain, crushed kernel, husk and meal, is winnowed in aspiration columns or air separators. At this stage, the husk and partially the flour are removed from the mixture.

The mixture of dehusking products after the third dehusking system contains dehusked grain, crushed kernel, flour and partially husk. At the first stage, the aerodynamically light ones are removed from the mixture

From the components (flour and husk), for which they are fed into aspiration columns or air separators. After cleaning from light impurities, the mixture is sent to grain dispersers A1-

BRU. The exit from the sieve 067 in the scatterers is used to extract the crushed kernel, and the passage - the flour. The whole shelled kernel is obtained by passing through sieves 0 3.0, 2.5 and 2.0 mm, which is sent to control and packaging. Spelled groats obtained at the sorting stage are sent for additional control of flour and magnetic impurities, which is carried out on aspiration and magnetic columns, respectively. After that, the groats are moistened on moistening machines with water heated to 60 "C to a moisture content of 24.0-26.0 96 and sent to bunkers for rehydration for 5-7 hours. The moistened groats are steamed in periodic steamers at a steam pressure of 0.15-0 ,20 MPa for 5-7 min, after which it is tempered for 5-10 min. The groats prepared in this way are flattened on flattening machines with corrugated rolls: the number of corrugations per 1 cm - 6...8, slope - C 95 with an inter-roll gap of 0 .2-0.4 mm. The product obtained after flattening is dried to a moisture content of 12.095 and sent to control, which is carried out in two stages. At the first stage, flour and crushed kernel particles, which are formed in small quantities during flattening, are removed in sieve-air separators. In the second stage At the second stage, the flakes are checked for the remaining metallomagnetic impurities, which is carried out on magnetic separators. After the magnetic control, the flakes are sent to packaging.

Example.

Received spelled flakes. For this purpose, spelled grain cleaned of impurities with a film thickness of 2095 of the "Zorya Ukrainy" variety with an initial moisture content of 12.090 and a mass of 2000 g was weighed on automatic scales and sent to peeling, which was carried out on three peeling systems using upholstery machines on the first and peeling and grinding machines of the working according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells on the second and third peeling system.

The mixture of peeling products after the first peeling system was aerated in an aspiration column. Extraction of aerodynamically light components, which were formed after peeling on the second and third systems, was carried out in an aspiration column. Spelled groats were obtained by sorting in a groat spreader using 0 3.0, 2.5 and 2.0 mm sieves. After that, the control and further processing of the cereal in the flake was carried out, which consisted in moistening it to 25 95 with water heated to 60 "C and dehumidifying it for 5 hours. The cereal prepared in this way was sent to steaming, which was carried out in intermittent steamers, at a steam pressure of 0.20 MPa for 5 min. Steamed groats were tempered for 10 min before flattening.

Flattening was carried out in rolling machines with corrugated rolls with a working gap of 0.4 mm.

The resulting flakes were dried on belt dryers to a moisture content of 12.0 95, cooled, flour residues and crumbs were removed and sent for packaging.

As a result of the processing of spelled of the "Dawn of Ukraine" variety, the total yield of flakes was 93.0 95 (in relation to grain 60 95), by-products and waste (taking into account mechanical losses) -

Claims (2)

7.0 96. USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. The method of production of spelled flakes, which involves moistening, dehumidification, steaming, tempering and flattening, which is characterized by the fact that spelled grains with a moisture content of 10-14 95 are peeled on three peeling systems, sorted, spelled groats are moistened to a moisture content of 24.0- 26.0 Fo. 2. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that it uses spelled grain of the "Dawn of Ukraine" variety.