UA117906U - A METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A PLUGGED GROUP - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of production of flattened cereals includes, cleaning of grain from impurities, peeling, sorting of products of peeling, grinding, sorting of products of grinding, water heat treatment of a kernel, flattening and sorting of products of flattening. Grain with a moisture content of no more than 14% peel on one system, grind twice, grind, sort. The cores of the fraction with a particle size of more than 3 mm are moistened to a moisture content of 18-20%, and with a particle size of less than 2.4 mm to a moisture content of 16-18%, steamed at a vapor pressure of 0.10-0.15 MPa for 2-4 min , flattened and dried.

Description

A useful model belongs to the grain industry, in particular to methods of processing barley into grain products, specifically - flattened grains.

There is a known method of production of rolled oat groats, which involves cleaning of impurities, calibration of grain into two fractions, hydrothermal treatment, peeling by fractions, separation of peeling products, grain separation, repeated peeling, grinding, separation of grinding products, steaming of high or first grade groats, tempering, flattening, sorting and control of flattened grains (see "Rules for the organization and management of the technological process at grain factories". - Kyiv: Ministry of Agro-Industrial Complex, 1998. - p. 36-38).

Grain cleaned of impurities, divided into large and small fractions, is sent for hydrothermal treatment. The grain is fractionally steamed in steamers of continuous action at a steam pressure of 0.05-0.10 MPa for 5 minutes, tempered for 20 minutes, dried to a moisture content of 10-14 95, cooled and sent in two streams to peeling, which is carried out on two peeling systems using peeling stands or centrifugal peelers. Sorting of peeling products is ensured in several stages. At the first stage, flour and particles of the crushed kernel are removed from the buratas by passing through a sieve with holes of 2.0 mm, and a mixture of hulled, unhulled grains and husks is obtained through this sieve, which enters two systems of air separators. After removing the husk, the mixture of hulled and unhulled grains is sent for separation into two systems of paddy machines. Grinding of the shelled whole core is carried out in one stream on one grinding system. Grinding products are sorted in a grain separator. Passage of sieves with holes 2 2.0 mm or 1.2x20 mm removes flour and particles of crushed kernel. The whole polished core is obtained by passing through a sieve with holes of 2.5x20 mm, which is additionally controlled by two systems of paddy machines. After control in the paddy machines, the higher or first grade groats are sent to steaming, which is carried out in a continuous steamer at a steam pressure of 0.05-0.10 MPa. After steaming, the groats are tempered for 20-30 minutes and sent for flattening in a rolling machine. The flattening products are sifted on sieve air separators, where particles of the crushed core are separated by passing through a sieve with holes of 0 2.0 mm. After that, the flattened groats are controlled on two systems of aspiration columns, and after monitoring for magnetic impurities, they are sent to bunkers

For finished products. The yield of flattened groats is 45 95.

This method was chosen as a prototype.

The prototype and useful model, which is claimed, have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - peeling; - sorting of peeling products; - grinding; - sorting of grinding products; - hydrothermal treatment of the core; - flattening; - sorting of flattening products.

However, the known method involves a long duration and complexity of the technological process: 2 peeling systems for each fraction, 8 paddy machines at the grain sorting and control stages, 6 sorting systems at the annual stages of production, grain steaming in batch steamers, which requires significant production areas for the placement of appropriate machines and the difficulties in carrying out this transfer at plants of small capacity.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method of production of flattened cereals, in which)! by changing the order of execution of operations and modes (exclusion of hydrothermal treatment of grain, husking of grain in one flow on one system, exclusion of the stage of grain separation), introduction of special operations (grinding, sorting of grinding products), as well as the use of barley of a certain grade, to ensure simplification of the technological process due to reducing the number of operations and their duration and increasing the output of finished products.

The task is solved by the fact that it includes grain cleaning from impurities, husking, sorting of husking products, grinding, sorting of grinding products, hydrothermal treatment of the core, flattening and sorting of flattening products, by the fact that, unlike the prototype, grain with a moisture content of no more than 14 95 is husked on one system, they are ground twice, crushed, sorted, while the kernels of the fraction with a particle size of more than 3 mm are moistened to a humidity of 18-20 9o, and with a particle size of less than 2.4 mm - to a humidity of 16-18 96, steamed under steam pressure 0.10-0.15 MPa for 2-4 minutes, flatten and dry.

The method is carried out in the following order. Cleaned from impurities, grain of filmy barley, for example, "Donetsk 12" variety, with a moisture content of no more than 14 95, is sent to the shelling in one stream. This stage is carried out in peeling-grinding machines, which work according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells of the ZShN type. When peeling, the circular speed of the discs is set at the level of 18-20 m/sec. A decrease in the circular speed of abrasive discs will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of grain when processing grain on one dehusking system, which will, accordingly, necessitate an increase in the number of systems to two or three. An increase in the circular speed of the discs will contribute to a more intensive removal of the surface layers of the grain, which will lead to an increase in the amount of secondary raw materials in the form of particles of the crushed kernel and flour, while reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products. In addition to increasing the yield of secondary raw materials, it will lead to the need to expand the sorting stage of peeling products due to the installation of additional machines - sieve air separators and aspiration columns.

A mixture of peeling products to extract aerodynamically light components enters two systems of aspiration columns or air separators and is directed to grinding systems. Grinding is carried out using peeler-grinding machines that work on the principle of intensive abrasion of shells of the ZShN type. When grinding, the circular speed of the disks is set at the level of 16-18 m/s. A decrease in the circular speed of abrasive discs will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of grain when processing grain on two systems, which will, accordingly, necessitate an increase in the number of systems to three or four. Increasing the circular speed of abrasive discs will contribute to a more intensive removal of the surface layers of grain, which will lead to an increase in the amount of secondary raw materials in the form of crushed kernel and flour particles, while reducing the yield of whole kernel and finished products. In addition to increasing the output of secondary raw materials, it will lead to the need to expand the sorting stage of peeling products due to the installation of additional machines - screen air separators and aspiration columns.

The mixture of products after the first grinding system to remove flour and chaff enters one of the systems) aspiration columns or air separators. After the second grinding system, the mixture is sorted in two stages: in the first stage - in a grain spreader

With the passage of 1.4-20 mm sieves, the extraction of husk, flour and particles of the crushed kernel is carried out, and the 1.4 x 20 mm sieve is sent to control, which is carried out by passing the kernel through two systems of aspiration columns or air separators. After that, the core is sent to A1-BZN roller machines for grinding. When grinding, the following characteristics of the rollers are set: the number of grooves per 1 cm of the circle of the rollers b pcs, the slope of the grooves is 6 95, the speed of rotation of the rollers is 6 m/s. Grinding products are sorted in the A1-BRU grain spreader.

The exit of sieves E 3.0 mm (coarse fraction of the crushed kernel) and the passage of sieves 2 3.0 mm and the exit of sieves E 2.4 mm (medium fraction) to remove flour residues are sent to air separators or aspiration columns for control. The output of metal woven sieves Mo 063 (fine fraction) after control on two systems of air separators and magnetic control with crushed grain, which is sent to packaging. Flour is removed by passing metal woven sieves Mo 063.

Coarse and medium-sized particles of the crushed core are sent to hydrothermal treatment.

The coarse fraction is moistened to a moisture content of 18-20 956, the medium one 16-18 95. The duration of dehumidification for both fractions of the crushed core is 2-3 hours. Steaming is carried out in intermittent steamers of the PZ type at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 4-6 minutes. Flattening is carried out in roller machines on corrugated rollers with a working gap of 0.3-0.4 mm.

Flattened groats are dried on belt dryers to a moisture content of no more than 14 95 and sorted in a groat spreader. Flattened groats are obtained by passing through a Mo 080 sieve (when processing the coarse fraction Me1, medium Mo2). through the passage - flour and particles of crushed kernel. After magnetic control, flattened groats are sent to bunkers for finished products.

Example

We got flattened groats. To do this, barley grain of the "Donetsk 12" variety with an initial moisture content of 13.3 96 and a weight of 2000 g, cleaned of impurities, was weighed on an automatic scale and sent to husking, which was carried out in a husking-grinding machine, which works on the principle of intensive shell abrasion. The circular speed of the disks was set at 18 m/s.

The mixture of dehulling products for the extraction of flour and husk was passed through two systems of aspiration columns and directed to grinding. Grinding was carried out on two systems in peeling-grinding machines, which work according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells. The circular speed of the disks was set at 18 m/s.

The mixture of products after the first grinding system for extraction from flour and husk was passed through one system of aspiration columns, after the second it was sorted in a grain separator, in which, passing through sieves 1.4 x 20 mm, husk, flour and particles of crushed kernel were removed, rising from a sieve of 1.4 x 20 mm was passed through two systems of aspiration columns and directed to grinding. In the rolling machine, the number of corrugations per 1 cm of the circle of the corrugations was set to 6 pcs., the slope of the corrugations was 6 95, and the speed of rotation of the corrugations was 6 m/s. Grinding products were sorted in a grain separator. The coarse fraction was obtained by passing through sieves 2 3.0 mm, passing through a sieve E 3.0 mm and passing through sieves E 2.4 mm - the middle fraction, which was controlled by passing through an aspiration column and sent for further processing into flattened groats. The output of the Mo 063 metal woven sieves after removing the flour by passing through two systems of aspiration columns was crushed grain. Flour was removed by passing through metal woven sieves Mo 063.

Coarse and medium-sized particles of the crushed core were sent for hydrothermal treatment. The coarse fraction was moistened to a humidity of 18 95, the medium to a humidity of 16 95. The duration of moistening for both fractions was 2 hours. Vaporization of the core was carried out by intermittent vaporizers at a steam pressure of 0.20 MPa for 6 min. Flattening was carried out in roller machines on corrugated rollers with a working gap of 0.3 mm. Ivy groats were dried to a moisture content of 14 9o and sent to a groat spreader for sorting. Flattened groats were obtained through the exit of Mge080 sieves (when processing the coarse fraction Mo!1, medium - Meo2), through the passage - flour and particles of crushed kernel.

As a result of the processing of "Donetsk 12" barley, the total yield of flattened groats was 58 95, crushed groats 10.5 95, secondary raw materials (taking into account mechanical losses) -

Claims (2)

31.5 9. 25 USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. The method of production of flattened groats, which includes grain cleaning from impurities, hulling, sorting of hulling products, grinding, sorting of grinding products, hydrothermal treatment of the kernel, flattening and sorting of flattening products, which is distinguished by the fact that grain 30 with a moisture content of no more than 14 95 is husked on one system, they are ground twice, crushed, sorted, while the kernels of the fraction with a particle size of more than 3 mm are moistened to a humidity of 18-95, and with a particle size of less than 2.4 mm - to a humidity of 16-18 95, steamed at a steam pressure of 0 ,10-0.15 MPa for 2-4 minutes, flatten and dry. 2. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that barley grain of the "Donetsk" variety is used 12". 00 KomputernaverstkaG. Payalnikovo (00000000 Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine, 12/2 M. Hrushevsky St., Kyiv, 01008, Ukraine SE "Ukrainian Institute of Industrial Property", Glazunova St., 1, Kyiv - 42, 01601