UA118169U - METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF RICE GROUPS - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of production of rice cereals includes impurity cleaning, water-heat treatment, peeling, sorting of peeling products, grinding and sorting of grinding products. Rice grains with an initial moisture content of 12-14% in three stages moistened to a moisture content of 22-25%, steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 2-6 minutes, dried to a moisture content of 13-14%, peeled at one system and grind.

Description

The useful model belongs to the cereal industry, in particular to methods of processing rice grains into cereal products, specifically rice groats.

A known method of production of polished rice groats, which includes grain cleaning from impurities, peeling, step-by-step grinding using a working body with an abrasive surface, sorting of grinding products with intermediate selection of crushed kernels and flour, see patent of the Russian Federation No. 2158635 IPC VO2B 3/00, 2000 |.

Cleaned from impurities, the rice grain is sent fractionally in parallel streams to the peeling machines. The peeling process is carried out in machines with rubberized rolls or in peeling stands. After sorting the husking products, the rice kernel enters the grinding stage. Grinding is carried out by successive three-stage processing in machines with an abrasive working surface based on epoxy dian resin hardened with polyethylene polyamine and a filler made of a mixture of black silicon carbide of different sizes in different mass fractions. The maximum technological efficiency at the first and second stages is achieved when using a two-component mixture of grinding grains with the sizes of the main fraction 1000-800 microns and 800-630 microns. In the first and second stages of grinding, the fruit and seed shells and the germ are removed from the surface of the rice grain, and in the third stage, the aleurone layer and the remains of the germ parts are removed. When carrying out this technological process, the output of polished rice groats is 80 95, of crushed groats 8.4 95.

The analogue and the claimed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - peeling; - sorting of peeling products; - grinding; - sorting of grinding products.

However, the known method involves a long duration and complexity of the technological process: peeling, sorting of peeling products, three-stage grinding of grain using special technological equipment with an abrasive working surface based on epoxy dian resin, hardened with polyethylene polyamine, and a filler made of a mixture of black silicon carbide of different sizes in different mass fractions that do not have a wide

From the distribution among manufacturers of technological equipment, which causes difficulties in the implementation of this process at rice mills of different productivity.

There is also a known method of producing rice groats, which includes sorting the grain into 3-4 fractions, fractional peeling, sorting of peeling products, grain separation, grinding of grains, control of grains, see "Rules of organization and management of the technological process at grain factories". - K.: Ministry of agro-industrial complex, 1998. - P. 19-26.

Cleaned from impurities and divided into fractions, the rice grain is husked in 2...4 streams. The processing scheme includes the processing of large, medium, fine fractions and unripe grain. At the stage of peeling large and medium fractions, peelers with rubberized mud rollers are used

BSHV, small fraction and unripe grains are dehulled in dehusking stations. At the peeling stage, the use of a ladder peeling system is envisaged. The mixture of peeling products is separated in two stages using air separators and paddy machines. At the first stage, the husk and flour are removed from the husking products on two passes of the air separators, after which the mixture of husked, unhulled grains and crushed kernel is directed to the stage of grain separation in paddy machines. The possibility of using dispersers, air separators and paddy machines is allowed for the sorting stage of rice husking products. At the first stage, sorting is carried out in grain separators, where the initial mixture of husking products is divided into four fractions on sieves with hole sizes of Е 5.0; 2 3.8; There is 1.5 mm.

The coarse fraction, which is obtained by passing 2 5.0 mm sieves, is a mixture of husk and unhusked grain. At the first stage, it is sent to air separators to extract the husk, after which the unhusked grains are sent to the step-hulling system.

Passage of sieves 2 5.0 mm and east E 3.8 mm represents the average fraction, which includes shelled and unshelled grains and husk. It is sent to two systems of air separators to extract the husk, after which the stage of separating husked and unhusked grains is carried out in paddy machines.

Hulled grain is sent to grinding, and hulled grain is sent to the step-hulling system.

Passage of sieves 2 3.8 mm and east of sieves E 1.5 mm is a fine fraction consisting of small husked grains and husks. After removing the husk in air separators, the husked grains are sent for grinding.

The fourth fraction obtained by passing through a 1.5 mm sieve is a mixture of flour and crushed kernel, it is removed from the main technological process and sent to the waste.

The existing technology includes the step of grinding the rice kernel with one or two or three streams. Grinding stations are used for rice grinding, and the use of BMSh-type grinding machines is allowed on the first grinding system. When grinding the core with three flows, the first contains large kernels, the second - medium, and the third - kernels of immature grain. Kernels from normal grain are sent to the first grinding system, and kernels from underdeveloped grains to the grinding system of the crushed kernel. For rice grinding, 4...6 systems are provided, of which 3...4 systems grind the whole kernel, and 1...2 systems grind it. Grinding products are sorted after each system. The purpose of this stage is to remove the flour. It is carried out in air separators. At the final stage, after grinding, the whole and crushed kernels are sent to sorting, which is carried out in grain spreaders of the BRU type. Sorting of whole grains is carried out on three consecutive systems. The rise of metal woven sieves Mo 2.5; 2.8 receive whole rice grain, which is controlled in a paddy machine, air and magnetic separators. Passing metal woven sieves Mo 2.2; 2.5 remove the crushed kernel and the rest of the flour. This fraction enters the grinding system of the crushed core.

Sorting of crushed groats after grinding is carried out on one sorting system, in which flour is removed through sieves Mo 1, 2 and sent to control. Passing through sieves Mo 2, 5, large particles of the kernel are removed, which are returned to the third sorting system of the whole grain.

Passing metal woven sieves Mo 2.2; 2.5 receive groats - milled and polished rice, which is controlled in an air separator, a stone separator and a magnetic separator. The output of polished varietal rice grains is 55 95, crushed polished 10 95.

This method was chosen by the prototype.

The prototype and the claimed useful model have the following operations in common: - cleaning of impurities; - peeling; - sorting of peeling products; - grinding; - sorting of grinding products.

The disadvantage of this process of processing rice into cereals is the long duration and complexity

From the technological process: fractional peeling on two systems for each fraction, grinding of the whole kernel on 3-4 systems and grinding of the crushed kernel on 1-2 systems, a complex stage of sorting the products of peeling and grinding, which includes grain separation using air separators, grain dispersers and paddy machines, which requires significant production areas for the placement of appropriate peeling, polishing and sorting equipment, bunkers for secondary raw materials and causes difficulties in the implementation of this process in factories of small capacity.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method of producing rice groats, in which by introducing special operations (hydrothermal treatment of grain before husking), changing operations (processing of grain in one flow, single husking and grinding instead of two), as well as the use of rice of a certain variety, to ensure the simplification of the technological process by reducing the number of operations, their duration and increasing the output of finished products.

The task is solved in the method of production of rice groats, which includes cleaning from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, peeling, sorting of peeling products, grinding and sorting of grinding products in that, unlike the prototype, rice grain with an initial moisture content of 12-14 95 moistened in three stages to a humidity of 22-25 95, steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.F20 MPa for 2-6 min., dried to a humidity of 13-14 95, peeled on one system and polished.

The method is carried out in the following order. Rice grain cleaned of impurities, for example of the "Asmandzhik" variety, with a moisture content of no more than 14.0 95, enters the operational bunkers in one stream. It is monitored for magnetic impurities and directed to the hydrothermal treatment stage.

The grain is moistened in three stages: in the first stage, the humidity is increased by 5 95, dehumidification lasts for 2-3 hours, in the second and third - by 95 °C, the duration of dehumidification is 1.5-2.0 hours.

After that, the grain enters the steamer of periodic action of the PZ type, where it is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0020 MPa for 2-6 minutes. After steaming, the grain is cooled to a temperature of 20...25 "C. After that, it is dried in vertical steam dryers of the VS type to a humidity of 13-14 95 and sent to husking, which is carried out on the same system using a roller machine with rubberized rollers. A mixture of products husks are sorted in a grain spreader. Sieve exit 2 4.5 mm is unhusked grain, which, after control in air separators, is returned to the dehusking system. Sieve passage 2 4.5 mm and exit 2.4x20 mm at the first stage is controlled in air separators, after which it goes to the paddy machine, where the husked and unhusked grain is separated. The husked grain is sent to the grinding systems, the unhusked is returned to the husking system. The flour is removed through the sieve passage of 2 1.5 mm in the disperser.

The rice kernel freed from flower films is ground on one grinding system. At this stage, peeling and grinding machines of ZSHN are used, which work according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells. The circular speed of the discs during grinding is set at the level of 14...16 m/s. A decrease in the circular speed of the grinding discs will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of the grain when processing the grain on one grinding system, which will accordingly cause the need to increase the number of grinding systems to two or three. An increase in the circular speed of the grinding wheels will contribute to a more intense removal of the surface layers of the grain, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of particles of crushed kernel and flour, while reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products. An increase in the yield of by-products will lead to the need to expand the stage of sorting grinding products due to the installation of additional machines - sieve air separators and aspiration columns.

The mixture of grinding products is sorted in two stages. At the first stage, to extract the flour, the mixture is passed through two systems of aspiration columns or air separators, at the second stage, the whole ground kernel is sorted into three numbers in the grain separator and the crushed kernel is extracted. Rice groats Mo 1 are obtained by passing sieve 5 2.4 mm, Mo 2 - by passing sieve 2 2.4 mm and passing 2 2.0 mm, groat Mo Z - by passing sieve 5 2.0 mm and passing metal woven sieve Mo 080. Passing Mo 080 sieves remove flour residues. After magnetic control, the resulting cereal is sent to packaging,

Example.

Received rice cereal. For this purpose, the rice grain of the "Asmandzhik" variety, with an initial moisture content of 12.895 and a weight of 2000 g, cleaned of impurities, was weighed on an automatic scale and sent to the water-heat treatment stage. The grain was moistened in three stages: in the first stage, the grain moisture was increased by 5 95 and moistened for 3 h, in the second and third stages, the moisture was brought to 24 95 by increasing it by 3 95 at each stage. The duration of dehumidification after the second and third dehumidification was 2 hours each. The total duration of grain drying was 5 hours. After that, the grain was sent to a batch steamer, where it was steamed for 4 minutes. at a saturated steam pressure of 0.20 MPa. Before drying, the grain was cooled to a temperature of 20 "C. Drying was carried out by passing it through a dryer twice until the grain reached a moisture content of 14 95 and sent it to husking, which was carried out in a rolling machine with rubberized rollers. For husking, one husking system was used. The mixture of husking products was sorted into grain spreader. Sieve exit 9 4.5 mm after removing the husk in air separators was returned to the peeling system. Sieve passage 5 4.5 mm and exit 2.4x20 mm were controlled in air separators and directed to grain separation in the paddy machine. The unhusked grain extracted at this stage was sent to the hulling system, the hulled grain was sent to grinding.

Grinding of grain was carried out on one system of machines operating on the principle of intensive abrasion of shells of the ZShN type. The circular speed of the disks during grinding was set at 14 m/s.

The mixture of grinding products was sorted in two stages. At the first stage, the mixture was passed through two systems of aspiration columns to extract flour, at the second stage, the whole ground kernel was sorted into three numbers in a grain separator and the crushed ground kernel was extracted. Mo 1 rice groats were obtained by passing a sieve 9 2.4 mm, Mo 2 - by passing a sieve 9 2.4 mm and passing E 2.0 mm, groat Mo Z - by passing a sieve 5 2.0 mm and passing a metal woven sieve Mo 080. Passing Mo 080 sieves were used to remove flour.

As a result of the processing of "Asmanjik" rice grain into groats, the total output of the finished product was 70.5 95, including whole ground groats 60.2 95, ground ground rice - 10.3 95, by-products and waste (taking into account mechanical losses ) - 29.5 Vol.

Claims (2)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. The method of production of rice groats, which includes cleaning from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, peeling, sorting of peeling products, grinding and sorting of grinding products, which is characterized by the fact that rice grains with an initial moisture content of 12-14 95 are moistened in three stages to humidity 22-25 U5, steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 2-6 min., dried to a humidity of 13-14 95, peeled on the same system and polished. 2. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that rice grain of the "Asmanjik" variety is used.