UA118707U - METHOD OF MANUFACTURING GRAIN TITLE - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for the production of triticale flattened cereals includes impurity purification, grinding, sorting of grinding products, water heat treatment of the kernel, flattening and sorting of flattening products. The grain with a moisture content of not more than 14% is sanded twice, crushed on two systems of roller machines, the products of grinding are sorted, the kernels of the fraction with a particle size of more than 2.5 mm are moistened to a moisture content of 20-22%, and with a particle size of less than 2.0 mm - to a moisture content of 18-20%, moistened for 2-3 hours, steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 4-6 minutes, flattened and dried.

Description

The useful model belongs to the cereal industry, in particular to methods of processing triticale grain into cereal products, specifically flattened cereals.

There is a known method of production of rolled oat groats, which includes cleaning from impurities, calibration of grain into two fractions, hydrothermal treatment, peeling by fractions, separation of peeling products, grain separation, re-husking, grinding, separation of grinding products, steaming of high or first grade groats, tempering, flattening, sorting and control of flattened grains (see "Rules for the organization and management of the technological process at grain factories". - K.: Ministry of Agro-Industrial Complex, 1998. - P. 36-38).

Grain cleaned of impurities, divided into large and small fractions, is sent to hydrothermal treatment. The grain is fractionally steamed in steamers of continuous action at a steam pressure of 0.05-0.10 MPa for 5 min., tempered for 20 min., dried to a moisture content of 10-1495, cooled and sent in two streams to peeling, which is carried out on two peeling systems using peeling stands or centrifugal peelers.

Sorting of peeling products is ensured in several stages. At the first stage, flour and particles of the crushed kernel are removed from burats by passing through a sieve with holes of 2.0 mm, a mixture of shelled, unshelled grains and husks is obtained through this sieve, which enters two systems of air separators. After removing the husk, the mixture of shelled and unshelled grains is sent for separation into two systems of paddy machines. Grinding of the shelled whole core is carried out in one flow on one grinding system. Grinding products are sorted in a grain separator. Flour and particles of crushed kernel are removed by passing through sieves with holes of 2 2.0 mm or 1.2x20 mm. The whole polished core is obtained by passing through a sieve with holes of 2.5x20 mm, which is additionally controlled on two systems of paddy machines. After control in the paddy machines, the higher or first grade groats are sent for steaming, which is carried out in a continuous steamer at a steam pressure of 0.05-0.010 MPa. After steaming, the groats are tempered for 20-30 minutes. and sent to the rolling machine for flattening. The flattened products are sifted on sieve-air separators, where particles of the crushed core are separated through a sieve with holes of 2.0 mm. After that, flattened groats are controlled on two systems of aspiration columns, and after monitoring for magnetic impurities, they are sent to bunkers for finished products. The yield of flattened groats is 45 95.

This method was chosen as the closest analogue.

The closest analogue and the claimed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - grinding; - sorting of grinding products; - hydrothermal treatment of the core; - flattening; - sorting of flattening products.

However, the known method includes a long duration and complexity of the technological process: 2 peeling systems for each fraction, 8 paddy machines at the grain sorting and control stages, 6 sorting systems at different stages of production, grain steaming in batch steamers, which requires significant production areas for placement of appropriate machines and difficulties in implementing this process at small-capacity plants.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method of production of flattened groats from triticale grain, in which by changing operations (exclusion of hydrothermal treatment of grain, husking and grain separation), grinding on two systems, introduction of special operations (shredding, sorting of grinding products), as well as using triticale of a certain grade, simplification of the technological process is ensured by reducing the number of operations, their duration and increasing the yield of finished products.

The task is solved by the fact that in the method of producing flattened groats from triticale grain, which includes cleaning from impurities, grinding, sorting of grinding products, hydrothermal treatment of the core, flattening and sorting of flattening products, according to a useful model, grain with a moisture content of no more than 1495 is ground twice , are ground on two systems of rolling machines, the grinding products are sorted, while the kernels of the fraction with a particle size of more than 2.5 mm are moistened to a moisture content of 20-22 95, and with a particle size of less than 2.0 mm - to a moisture content of 18-20 95, moistened for 2-3 hours, steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 4-6 minutes, flattened and dried.

The method is carried out in the following order. Triticale grain cleaned of impurities, for example of the "Slavetne" variety, with a moisture content of no more than 14 95, enters operational bunkers.

It is monitored for magnetic impurities and directed to grinding with one stream. This technological operation is carried out on two systems using peeler-grinding machines of the ZSHN type, which work according to the method of intensive shell abrasion. The circular speed of abrasive disks on the first grinding system is set to 20-22 m/s, on the second 16-18 m/s.

A decrease in the circular speed of abrasive discs during grinding will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of the grain during processing on two systems, which will, accordingly, necessitate an increase in the number of grinding systems to three or four. Increasing the circular speed of the discs will contribute to a more intensive removal of the surface layers, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of small particles of crushed kernel and flour, while reducing the output of the kernel and finished products. An increase in the yield of by-products will cause the need to expand the stage of sorting the grinding products due to the need to install additional sieve-air separators and aspiration columns.

The mixture of grinding products after both systems is sent to two systems of air separators or aspiration columns, in which the extraction of finely ground particles of the crushed core and flour is carried out. After that, the polished core is sent for control of metallomagnetic impurities and grinding, which is carried out in roller machines of the A1-BZN type on corrugated rolls with the following characteristics: the number of corrugations per 1 cm of the circle of the rollers is 6 pcs., the slope of the corrugations to the horizontal is 6 95, the speed of rotation of the rollers - 6 m/s. Reducing the number of flutes by 1 cm of the circle of the rollers will lead to insufficient crushing of the core and obtaining large particles of the core, which will have to be additionally crushed on 1-2 grinding systems, which will cause the need to install additional rolling machines and, accordingly, screening machines for sorting the grinding products, increasing the number flutes will, on the contrary, lead to excessive grinding of the kernel, which will increase the number of small particles of the crushed kernel and flour, which do not belong to the grain during sorting.

Grinding products are sorted in A1-BRU grain spreaders. Large particles of the core, obtained by the rise of 2 2.5 mm sieves, are controlled for flour residues in two systems of air separators or aspiration columns and sent for further processing. The medium-sized particles obtained by passing through 2 2.0 mm sieves are controlled by passing through two systems of air separators or aspiration columns for flour residues and sent for further processing. Small particles obtained by passing through metal woven sieves Mo 080 are sent to air and magnetic separators for control.

After that, Mo 3 groats are obtained, which are sent to packaging.

Coarse and medium-sized particles are sent to hydrothermal treatment. The coarse fraction is moistened to a humidity of 20-22,956, the medium to a humidity of 18-20,905. The duration of dehumidification for both fractions of the crushed core is 2-3 hours. Steaming is carried out in intermittent steamers of the PZ type at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 4-6 minutes. Flattening is carried out in roller machines on corrugated rollers with a working gap of 0.3-0.4 mm.

Ivy products are dried on belt dryers to a moisture content of no more than 14 95 and sorted in a grain separator. Flattened groats are obtained through the sieve Mo 080 during sorting (when processing the coarse fraction Mo 1, the medium fraction - Mo 2), through the passage - flour and particles of crushed kernel. After magnetic control, flattened groats are sent to bunkers for finished products.

Example

We got flattened cereal from triticale grain. For this, triticale grain of the "Slavetne" grade, cleaned of impurities, with an initial moisture content of 13.4 95, weighing 2000 g, was weighed on automatic scales and sent to grinding, which was carried out in one flow on two systems using peeling and grinding machines operating according to the method intensive abrasion of shells. The circular speed of the grinding discs was set on the first system - 20 m/s, on the second - 18 m/s. The mixture of grinding products after both systems was passed through two systems of aspiration columns to extract small particles of crushed kernel and flour.

The polished core was sent for grinding, which was carried out in a rolling machine on corrugated rolls - the number of corrugations per 1 cm of the circle of the rolls is 6 pcs., the inclination of the corrugations to the horizontal is 95, the speed of rotation of the rolls is 6 m/s.

When sorting in the disperser, the coarse fraction was obtained by passing through sieves b 2.5 mm, passing through sieves E 2.5 mm and passing through sieves 2 2.0 mm, the medium fraction, which was controlled by passing twice through an aspiration column and sent for further processing into groats flattened

The output of metal woven sieves Mo 080 after extracting flour by passing through two systems of aspiration columns was groats Mo 3. Flour was obtained by passing through metal woven sieves Mo 080.

Coarse and medium-sized particles of the crushed core were sent for hydrothermal treatment. The coarse 60 fraction was moistened to a humidity of 22 95, the medium - to 20 95. The duration of dehumidification for both fractions was 3 hours. Steaming was carried out in a batch steamer at a steam pressure of 0.20 MPa for 6 min., flattening was carried out in rolling machines on corrugated rollers with a working gap of 0.4 mm. Ivy groats were dried to a moisture content of 14 95 and sent to a groat spreader for sorting. Flattened groats were obtained by passing through Mo 080 sieves (during processing of coarse Mo 1 fraction, medium Mo 2), flour and crushed kernel particles were passed through.

As a result of the processing of "Slavetne" triticale grain into flattened groats, the yield of the finished product was 58.4 95, groats Mo 3-13.8 95, by-products and waste (taking into account mechanical losses) - 27.8 9".

Claims (2)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. The method of production of flattened groats from triticale grain, which includes cleaning from impurities, grinding, sorting of grinding products, hydrothermal treatment of the core, flattening and sorting of flattening products, which is characterized by the fact that grain with a moisture content of no more than 14 95 is ground twice, crushed into two systems of rolling mills, grinding products are sorted, while cores of the fraction with a particle size of more than 2.5 mm are moistened to a moisture content of 20-22 9b, and with a particle size of less than 2.0 mm - to a moisture content of 18-20 95, moistened for 2-3 h., steamed at a steam pressure of 0.15-0.20 MPa for 4-6 min., flattened and dried. 2. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that triticale grain of the "Slavetne" variety is used.