UA117898U - PRODUCTION OF WHOLE GRAIN PRODUCTION - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for the production of whole grain flour involves the purification of grain from impurities, water treatment, peeling, crushing and sorting of crushing products. The barley grain with a moisture content of not more than 14% is steamed at a vapor pressure of 0.10-0.15 MPa for 4-6 min, dried to a moisture content of 14%, peeled on one system, grinded twice, steamed at a vapor pressure of 0.05-0, 10 MPa for 2-4 min, dried to a humidity of 10-12% and crushed in two stages - the first in roller machines, the second in entoleiters.

Description

A useful model belongs to the grain industry, in particular to methods of processing barley into grain products, specifically flour.

There is a well-known method of barley flour production, which includes cleaning the grain from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, grinding and sorting (see patent of the Russian Federation Mo 2245192 IPC VO2S 9/04 2005).

Barley grain is cleaned of impurities, moistened to a humidity of 21-22 95, moistened for 18-20 hours. The grain prepared in this way is roasted at a temperature of 210-220 "C for 2-3 minutes, while the moisture content of the grain is reduced to 8-9 95. After roasting, grinding is carried out in a rolling machine. Grinding products are sorted by size in a spreader. Sieve exit at 4, 2 received during sorting is returned for re-grinding. Sieve passage E 4.2 and sieve exit Mo 080 are directed to aspiration, after which it is crushed on three shredding and three grinding systems to flour, which is obtained by sieving through a kapron sieve passage

Mo 27. The yield of flour is 69-72 95.

Analogue and useful model, which is claimed, have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - hydrothermal treatment; - grinding; - sorting of grinding products.

However, the known method involves a long duration and complexity of the technological process: the stage of hydrothermal treatment involves humidification and dehumidification for 18-20 hours, roasting in special machines, which requires significant production areas for placing bunkers and corresponding machines, which causes difficulties in the implementation of this process at plants of small capacity.

There is also a well-known method of producing barley flour with a yield of 7095, which includes cleaning the grain from impurities, three-fold peeling in upholstery machines, two-fold peeling on peelers that ensure intensive abrasion of the shells, grinding on six husks (dr. s.) and six grinding (r. c) systems, processing of stairs from 5 and b other p. on brush machines, obtaining flour by sifting on sieves with a hole size of 315-280 microns (Shvetsova, I.A. Production of flour from grain and seeds of non-traditional crops M. I.A. Shvetsova,

From E.N. Gavrilova, I.V. Kuzmenkova. M: TsNDITED of grain products, 1994, 26 p).

This method was chosen as a prototype.

The prototype and useful model, which is claimed, have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - peeling; - grinding; - sorting of grinding products.

The disadvantage of the technological process of barley flour production is the long duration of the technological process (necessity of carrying out three-stage husking of grain in upholstering machines, two-stage husking using machines of the A1-ZSHN type, the presence of a complex grinding stage, which would involve shredding and grinding systems, the use of brush machines), which requires significant production areas to accommodate the appropriate machines and difficulties in implementing this process in factories of small capacity.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method of producing flour from whole grain, in which, by changing the modes (dehulling of grain on one system, grinding on roller machines using three shredding systems with additional grinding in entoleators, exclusion from the scheme of brush machines), introduction of special operations (steaming, grinding), as well as the use of barley of a certain variety, to ensure the simplification of technological progress by reducing the number of operations and their duration.

The task is solved in the method of production of flour from whole grain, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, peeling, grinding and sorting of grinding products, in that, unlike the prototype, barley grain with a moisture content of no more than 14 95 is steamed under steam pressure 0.10-0.15 MPa for 4-6 minutes, dried to a humidity of 14 9 degrees, peeled on the same system, polished twice, steamed at a steam pressure of 0.05-0.10 MPa for 2-4 minutes, dried to a humidity of 10 -12 95 and crushed in two stages in the first in rolling machines, in the second in entoleators.

The method is carried out in the following order. Cleaned from impurities, grain of membrane barley, for example, "Donetsk 12" grade, with a moisture content of no more than 14 95, enters the stage of hydrothermal treatment in one stream. The grain is steamed in a periodic steamer of the PZ type at a steam pressure of 0.10-0.15 MPa for 4-6 minutes, dried in vertical steam dryers of the VS type to a moisture content of no more than 14 95 and sent to husking. This stage is carried out in the peeling

grinding machines that work on the principle of intensive abrasion of type shells

ZShN When peeling, the circular speed of the discs is set at the level of 18-20 m/s. A decrease in the circular speed of the grinding discs will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of the grain when processing the grain on one peeling system, which will accordingly cause the need to increase the number of systems to two or three. Increasing the circular speed of the discs will contribute to a more intensive removal of the surface layers of the grain, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of particles of crushed kernel and flour, while reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products. In addition to increasing the yield of by-products, this will lead to the need to expand the sorting stage of peeling products due to the installation of additional sieve-air separator machines and aspiration columns.

The mixture of peeling products enters two systems of aspiration columns or air separators. The purpose of this ethane extraction from a mixture of aerodynamically light components of flour and husk, after which the core enters the grinding systems. Grinding is carried out using peeler-grinding machines that work on the principle of intensive abrasion of shells of the ZShN type. When grinding, the circular speed of the disks is set at the level of 16-18 m/s. A decrease in the circular speed of the discs will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of the grain when processing the grain on two grinding systems, which will, accordingly, necessitate an increase in the number of systems to three or four. Increasing the circular speed of the discs will contribute to a more intensive removal of the surface layers of the grain, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of particles of crushed kernel and flour, while reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products. In addition to increasing the output of by-products, it will lead to the need to expand the sorting stage of peeling products due to the installation of additional sieve-air separator machines and aspiration columns.

The mixture of products after the first grinding system to remove the flour and husks enters one system of aspiration columns or air separators. After the second grinding system, the mixture is sorted in two stages. In the grain disperser, the husk, flour and particles of the crushed kernel are extracted through the passage of 1.4x20 mm sieves, the output from the 1.4x20 mm sieves is sent to control, which is carried out by passing the kernel through two systems of aspiration columns or air separators. After that, the core enters the stage

From hydrothermal treatment, which consists in steaming in a periodic steamer of the PZ type at a steam pressure of 0.05-0.10 MPa for 2-4 min, it is dried on vertical steam dryers of the type

VS to a humidity of no more than 1295, sent to the control of metallomagnetic impurities and grinding, which is carried out in roller machines, on three other S. The ratio of roller speeds on all systems is taken to be 2.5; circular speed of rollers 3.5 m/s; placement of flutes point by point. The inter-roller gap is adjusted after each other p. in the range of values of 0.4-0.1 mm. After each other p. additional grinding in the entoleator is assumed. Sorting is carried out after each grinding system, for this purpose grain spreaders are used. Flour is selected by passing through a Mo 080 sieve on each system. The exit from this sieve after the first dr. p. directed to the second grinding system, after the second dr. p. - the rest is bran. At the final stage, control of the received flour is carried out, after which it is sent to packaging.

Example.

We got whole grain flour. To do this, barley grain of the "Donetsk 12" variety, with an initial moisture content of 13.2 96 and a weight of 1000 g, cleaned of impurities, was weighed on automatic scales and sent to the stage of hydrothermal treatment. The grain was steamed in a periodic steamer at a steam pressure of 0.15 MPa for 6 minutes, dried to a moisture content of 14 95 and sent to husking, which was carried out in a husking-grinding machine that works on the principle of intensive shell abrasion. The circular speed of the disks was set at 18 m/s. The mixture of dehulling products for the extraction of flour and husk was passed through two systems of aspiration columns and directed to grinding. Grinding was carried out on two systems in peeling-grinding machines, which work according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells. The circular speed of the disks was set at 16 m/s.

The mixture of products after the first grinding system for extraction from flour and husk was passed through a system of aspiration columns, after the second - it was sorted in a grain separator, in which, passing through sieves 1.4x20 mm, husk, flour and particles of crushed kernel were removed, rising from sieves 1 ,4x20 mm was passed through two systems of aspiration columns and sent to the second stage of hydrothermal treatment. The core was steamed in a batch steamer at a steam pressure of 0.10 MPa for 2 min, dried to a humidity of 12 Uo and sent for grinding.

The ratio of roller speeds on all systems was 2.5; circular speed of rollers 3.5 m/s; placement of flutes point by point. The inter-roll gap on the first dr. p. set 0.4 mm, on the second 0.2 mm, on the third - 0.1 mm. After each other p. additional grinding was carried out in an entoleator. Sorting was carried out in a grain spreader.

Flour was selected by passing through a Mo 080 sieve on each sorting system. The exit from this sieve after the first and second dr. p. directed to the next grinding system, after the third dr. p. - the rest was barley bran.

As a result of the processing of "Donetsk 12" barley grain into flour from whole grain, the total yield of the finished product was 60 95, by-products and waste (including bran and mechanical losses) - 40 Ob.

Claims (2)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. The method of production of flour from whole grain, which involves cleaning grain from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, peeling, grinding and sorting of grinding products, which is characterized by the fact that barley grain with a moisture content of no more than 14 95 is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.10-0, 15 MPa for 4-6 min, dried to a moisture content of 14,956, peeled on the same system, polished twice, steamed at a steam pressure of 0.05-0.10 MPa for 2-4 min, dried to a moisture content of 10-12 95 and crushed in two stages - on the first in rolling machines, on the second in entoleators. 2. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that barley grain of the "Donetsk" variety is used