UA118177U - METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF Triticale Grains - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for the production of triticale grain cereals includes impurity cleaning, water treatment, grinding, grinding and sorting of grinding products. Grain with a moisture content of not more than 14% is steamed at a vapor pressure of 0.10-0.1 5 MPa for 2-4 minutes, dried to a moisture content of not more than 12%, sanded twice, crushed on two systems of roller machines, the products of grinding are sorted. Fraction cores with a particle size of more than 2.5 mm are fed to the following grinding system, and particles with a particle size of less than 2.0 mm are sorted on two sorting systems.

Description

The useful model belongs to the cereal industry, in particular to the methods of processing triticale grain into cereal products, specifically cereals from crushed kernels, numbered.

There is a known method of processing filmy varieties of barley into cereals, with a total output of 65-95 finished products, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, peeling, preliminary grinding, sequential grinding of the kernel, sorting of grinding products, grinding of medium-sized fractions, sorting and control groats (see "Rules of organization and management of the technological process at groat factories". Kyiv: Ministry of Agro-Industrial Complex, 1998. - p. 53-56).

Cleaned from characteristic impurities, the grain of flaky barley is sent to husking.

Existing technology allows the stage of hydrothermal treatment of barley before husking. The grain is steamed at an excess steam pressure of 0.20 MPa for 3 min., dried to a moisture content of no more than 1595 and sent for husking. Peeling is carried out by sequentially passing through four peeling systems. Hulled barley (pensak) is sent to grinding, which is carried out on one or two grinding systems and sent to the grinding stage, which is implemented on four consecutive grinding systems. Grinding is carried out with simultaneous sorting of grinding products. On all sorting systems, small particles of the crushed core are removed by passing through metal-woven sieves Mo 080 and directed to flour control. The largest particles obtained by the rise of metal woven sieves Mo 2.8 (on the first and second grinding systems) and Mo 2.5 (third grinding system) after airing in air separators are sent for additional grinding on roller machines of the following systems. Coarse particles from the diffuser of the last grinding system, obtained by the rise of the Mo 2.0 sieve, after the extraction of small particles in the air separator, are returned to the roller machine of the third grinding system.

Products of medium size, obtained by passing through punching sieves with openings of 2 1.8 and 1.5 mm, are winnowed and sent to grinding. Small products that have passed through punching sieves with openings of 2 1.8 and 1.5 mm are a mixture of barley groats of different numbers, which, after processing in air separators, are sent to the stage of groat sorting. One system is used for grinding medium-sized products, after which they enter the first sorting system of the stage of sorting barley groats. At the sorting stage, which is implemented on three systems, barley groats are divided on the corresponding sieves into three numbers.

This method was chosen as a prototype.

The prototype and the claimed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - hydrothermal treatment; - grinding; - grinding; - sorting of grinding products.

However, the known method involves a long duration and complexity of the technological process: 3-4 peeling systems, 1-2 grinding systems, 4 systems for grinding the polished core and an additional grinding system for grinding products of the medium fraction, a complex stage of sorting using three systems, which requires significant of production areas for placing the appropriate machines and difficulties in implementing this process at small-capacity plants.

The useful model is based on the task of developing a method of producing groats from triticale grain, in which by changing operations (exclusion of husking), grinding and grinding on two systems, shortening the sorting stage, as well as using triticale of a certain grade, to ensure the simplification of the technological process by reducing the amount operations, their duration and increase the output of finished products.

The set task is solved by the fact that the method of production of groats from triticale grain, which

BO provides for cleaning from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, grinding, grinding and sorting of grinding products because, unlike the prototype, grain with a moisture content of no more than 14 95 is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.10-0.15 MPa for 2-4 minutes, dried to a moisture content of no more than 12 95, polished twice, crushed on two systems of rolling machines, the grinding products are sorted, while the cores of the fraction with a particle size of more than 2.5 mm are fed to the next grinding system, and those with a particle size of less than 2.0 mm are sorted on two sorting systems.

The method is carried out in the following order. Triticale grain cleaned of impurities, for example of the "Slavetne" variety, with a moisture content of no more than 14 95, enters operational bunkers.

It is monitored for magnetic impurities and directed to hydrothermal treatment with one stream. Because the grain is steamed in intermittent steamers of the IZ type at a steam pressure of 0.10-015 MPa and for 2-4 minutes. after which they are dried in vertical steam dryers of the BS type to a moisture content of no more than 12 95 and sent for grinding. This technological operation is carried out on two systems using peeler-grinding machines of the ZShN type, which work according to the method of intensive shell abrasion. The circular speed of abrasive discs on the first grinding system is set to 20-22 m/s, on the second 16-18 m/s5. A decrease in the circular speed of abrasive discs during grinding will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of the grain when it is processed on two systems, which will, accordingly, necessitate an increase in the number of grinding systems to three or four. An increase in the circular speed of the abrasive discs will contribute to a more intensive removal of the surface layers, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of small particles of crushed core and flour, while reducing the output of the core and finished products. An increase in the yield of by-products will cause the need to expand the stage of sorting the grinding products due to the need to install additional sieve-air separators and aspiration columns.

The mixture of grinding products after both systems is sent to two systems of air separators or aspiration columns in which the extraction of finely ground particles of the crushed core and flour is carried out. After that, the polished core is sent for the control of metallomagnetic impurities and grinding, which is carried out on two systems of AT-BZN rolling machines on corrugated rolls with the following characteristics: the number of corrugations per 1 cm of the circle of the rollers is 6 pcs., the inclination of the corrugations to the horizontal is 6 95, the speed of rotation rollers 6 m/s. Reducing the number of flutes by 1 cm of the circle of the rollers will lead to insufficient crushing of the core and obtaining large particles of the core, which will have to be additionally crushed on 1-2 grinding systems, which will cause the need to install additional rolling machines and, accordingly, screening machines for sorting the grinding products, increasing the number flutes will, on the contrary, lead to excessive crushing of the kernel, which will increase the number of small particles of the crushed kernel and flour, which do not belong to groats during sorting.

Grinding products are sorted in A1-BRU grain spreaders after each grinding system. Coarse particles of the core, obtained by passing 2 2.5 mm sieves on the first sorting system, are sent to the next grinding system. The average size of the particles obtained by passing through 2 2.0 mm sieves on both sorting systems are groats

From crushed Mo 2, which after control on two systems of air separators and magnetic control, is sent to packaging. The small-sized particles obtained by passing through metal-woven Mo 080 sieves on both sorting systems are grain crushed by Mo 3, which, after control on two systems of air separators and magnetic control, is sent to packaging. Coarse particles of the core, obtained by passing through sieves E 2.5 mm on the second sorting system, are grain crushed by Mo 1, which is additionally directed to one grinding system. This technological operation is carried out in peeler-grinding machines of the ZShN type, which work according to the method of intensive shell abrasion. The circular speed of the abrasive disks on the system is set to 14-16 m/s... The polished core is controlled on two air separator systems and after magnetic control is sent to packaging.

Example.

Cereal from triticale grain was obtained. For this purpose, triticale grain of the "Slavetne" variety, with an initial moisture content of 13.395 and a weight of 2000 g, cleaned of impurities, was weighed on an automatic scale and sent to a periodic steamer, where it was treated with saturated steam at a steam pressure of 0.10

MPa for min..., dried to a moisture content of 13 9o and sent to grinding, which was carried out in one flow on two systems using peeling and grinding machines operating according to the method of intensive shell abrasion. The circular speed of the grinding discs was set to 20 m/s on the first system, 18 m/s on the second. The mixture of grinding products after both systems was passed through two systems of aspiration columns to extract small particles of crushed kernel and flour.

The polished core was sent for grinding, which was carried out in a finger machine on two systems. Grinding was carried out on corrugated rollers, the number of grooves per 1 cm of the circle of the rollers was 6 pcs., the inclination of the grooves to the horizontal was 6 95, the speed of rotation of the rollers was 6 m/s.

Grinding products were sorted in a grain separator after each grinding system. Coarse particles of the core, obtained by passing through a 2.5 mm sieve on the first sorting system, were sent to the next grinding system. The exit from sieve 2 2.0 mm on both sorting systems obtained medium-sized particles, which after control on two systems of air separators were characterized as groats crushed by Mo 2. The exit from sieve Mo 080 on both sorting systems was small-sized particles that because it was controlled by passing through two systems of aspiration columns, after which the obtained product was characterized as groats crushed by Mo 3. The coarse particles of the core, obtained by passing sieves 5 2.5 mm on the second sorting system, were groats crushed by Mo 1, which were additionally ground on one system . The circular speed of the abrasive discs on the grinding system was set at 14 m/s.

As a result of the processing of "Slavetne" triticale grain into groats, the total yield of the finished product was 74.5 95, by-products and waste (taking into account mechanical losses) - 25.5 9.

Claims (2)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. The method of production of groats from triticale grain, which includes cleaning from impurities, hydrothermal treatment, grinding, grinding and sorting of grinding products, which is characterized by the fact that grain with a moisture content of no more than 14 95 is steamed at a steam pressure of 0.10-0.1 5 MPa for 2-4 min., dried to a moisture content of no more than 12 95, polished twice, ground on two systems of rolling machines, grinding products are sorted, while the cores of the fraction with a particle size of more than 2.5 mm are fed to the next grinding system, and particles with a size of less than 2.0 mm are sorted on two sorting systems. 2. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that triticale grain of the "Slavetne" variety is used.