UA106188U - Barley groats production method - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of producing barley grit involves cleaning the grain from impurities, grinding, grinding and sorting the products of grinding. The refined grain is divided into large and small fractions and grinded separately on two consecutive grinding systems with intermediate selection of by-products and wastes obtained after the second grinding system of the core of large and small fractions are combined and crushed on two systems of rolling mill, the cores of the fractions with a particle size are more fed to the next grinding system, and the particle size is less sorted on two sorting systems.

Description

The useful model belongs to the cereal industry, in particular to the methods of processing bare barley varieties into cereal products, specifically - barley groats.

The closest to the claimed useful model is the method of processing filmy varieties of barley into barley groats, with a total yield of finished products of 65 95, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, husking, preliminary grinding, successive grinding of the kernel, sorting of grinding products, grinding of medium according to the size of fractions, sorting and control of cereals (see "Rules for the organization and management of the technological process at grain factories". - Kyiv: Ministry of Agro-Industrial Complex, 1998. - pp. 53-56).

Cleaned from characteristic impurities, the grain of flaky barley is sent to peeling, which is carried out by sequentially passing through four peeling systems. Hulled barley (pensak) is sent to grinding, which is carried out on one or two grinding systems, after which it is sent to the grinding stage, which is implemented on four consecutive grinding systems. Grinding is carried out with simultaneous sorting of grinding products. On all sorting systems, small particles of the crushed core are removed by passing through metal-woven sieves Mo 080 and directed to flour control. The largest particles obtained by passing metal woven sieves Mo 2.8 (on the first and second grinding systems) and

Mo 2.5 (third grinding system) after airing in air separators, is directed to additional grinding on roller machines of the following systems. Coarse particles from the diffuser of the last grinding system, obtained by the rise of the Mo 2.0 sieve, after the extraction of small particles in the air separator, are returned to the roller machine of the third grinding system.

Medium-sized products, obtained by passing punching sieves with openings of 0 1.8 and 1.5 mm, are blown and sent to grinding. Small products that have passed through punching sieves with holes 9 1.8 and 1.5 mm are a mixture of barley groats of different numbers, which, after processing in air separators, are sent to the stage of groat sorting. One system is used for grinding medium-sized products, after which they enter the first sorting system of the stage of sorting barley groats. At the sorting stage, which is implemented on three systems, barley groats are divided on the corresponding sieves into three numbers.

This method was chosen as a prototype.

The prototype and the claimed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - grinding; - grinding; - sorting of grinding products.

However, the known method involves a long duration and complexity of the technological process: 3-4 peeling systems, 1-2 grinding systems, 4 systems for grinding the polished core and an additional grinding system for grinding products of the medium fraction.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method of producing barley groats, in which by changing the order of operations and modes of operation of grinding machines (for large fractions, the circular speed of the discs is set at 20...22 m/s, for small fractions - 16...18 m/s) and grinding systems (the number of grooves per 1 cm of the circle of rollers b pcs., the slope of the grooves to the horizontal b 95, the speed of rotation of the rollers b m/s), as well as the use of whole grain barley of a certain grade, to ensure the simplification of the technological process by reducing the number of operations and increasing the output of finished products.

The task is solved in the method of production of barley groats, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, grinding, grinding and sorting the grinding products, in that the cleaned grain is divided into coarse and fine fractions and ground separately on two consecutive grinding systems with intermediate selection of by-products and of waste obtained after the second grinding system, the cores of large and small fractions are combined and crushed on two systems of rolling machines, and the grinding products are sorted, while the cores of the fraction with a particle size of more than 3 mm are fed to the next grinding system, and with a particle size of less than 2 ,4 mm are sorted on two sorting systems.

The method is carried out in the following order. Cleaned of impurities and divided into coarse and fine fractions, the grain mass of bare barley, for example of the "Achilles" variety, with a moisture content of no more than 15.0 95, enters operational bunkers. It is additionally controlled for magnetic impurities and is sent for grinding, which is carried out fractionally on two grinding systems using grinding machines that work according to the principle of intensive abrasion of A1-ZSHN shells. When grinding the grain of the coarse fraction, the circular speed of the grinding wheels is set at the level of 20...22 m/s, of the fine fraction - 16...18 m/s. A decrease in the circular speed of the grinding discs when grinding both fractions of whole-grain barley grain will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of the grain when processing the grain on one grinding system, which, accordingly, will lead to the need to increase the number of grinding systems to 2-3. An increase in the circular speed of the grinding wheels will contribute to a more intensive removal of the surface layers of the grain, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of small particles of crushed kernel and flour, while reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products during its further processing. In addition to increasing the output of by-products, it will lead to the need to expand the stage of sorting grinding products due to the installation of additional machines - sieve air separators and aspiration columns.

After each grinding system, the grinding products are separated, which is carried out on air separators or aspiration columns. The ground core of both fractions, obtained after the second grinding system, is combined and sent to operational bunkers. After controlling magnetic impurities, it is sent for grinding. This operation is carried out on two systems of rolling machines with subsequent sorting of the grinding products by size into three fractions on the corresponding sieves. The grinding process is carried out in roller machines AT1-BZN on corrugated rolls with the following characteristics: the number of corrugations per 1 cm of the circle of rollers is b pcs., the inclination of the corrugations to the horizontal is 6 95, the speed of rotation of the rollers is m/s. Reducing the number of flutes by 1 cm of the circle of the rollers will lead to insufficient crushing of the core and obtaining large particles of the core, which will have to be additionally crushed on 1-2 grinding systems, which will cause the need to install additional rolling machines and, accordingly, screening machines for sorting the grinding products, increasing the number flutes will, on the contrary, lead to excessive grinding of the kernel, which will increase the amount of small particles of the crushed kernel and flour, which are not classified as groats during sorting.

Grinding product sorting operation is carried out in A1-BRU grain spreaders.

Coarse particles of the core obtained by passing through 2 3.0 mm sieves on the first sorting system are sent to the next grinding system. The average-sized particles obtained by passing through sieves 2 of 2.4 mm on both sorting systems are grain crushed by Mo 2, which, after control on two systems of air separators and magnetic control, is sent to packaging. Small particles obtained by passing metal woven sieves 063 on both

From the sorting systems, they represent groats crushed by Mo 3, which, after control on two systems of air separators and magnetic control, are sent to packaging. Coarse particles of the core, obtained by the rise of sieves 2 of 2.8 mm on the second sorting system, are grits crushed by Mo 1, which are additionally sent to one grinding system. The polished core is controlled on two systems of air separators and after magnetic control is sent to packaging.

Example

We received barley groats. For this purpose, the grain of bare barley of the "Achilles" grade, cleaned of impurities and divided into two fractions, with an initial moisture content of 11.7 96 and a weight of 2000 g, was weighed on automatic scales and sent for grinding, which was carried out fractionally on two consecutive grinding systems with intermediate selection of by-products and of waste on each system. The circular speed of grinding discs in grinding machines was set at 20...22 m/s and 16...18 m/s, for coarse and fine fractions, respectively.

The core of coarse and fine fractions obtained after the second grinding system was combined and sent in one stream to grinding, which was carried out on 2 systems of rolling machines.

The grinding process was carried out in rolling machines on corrugated rolls with the following characteristics: the number of corrugations per 1 cm of the circle of the rolls is 6 pcs., the slope of the corrugations to the horizontal is 6 Fo, the speed of rotation of the rolls is 6 m/s. Grinding products were sorted by size in grain spreaders on appropriate sieves. Large-sized core particles obtained during sorting (sieve size Е 3.0 mm) were sent to the next grinding system. The average-sized particles obtained by passing the sieves 0 2.4 mm on both sorting systems were controlled by sequentially passing through two systems of air separators, which after magnetic control were grits crushed by Mo 2. Small particles (passing metal woven sieves 063) from both sorting systems of the system consisted of grain crushed by Mo 3, which was controlled by successive passage through two air separator systems and for the presence of metallomagnetic impurities.

Coarse particles of the core, obtained by the rise of sieves and 2.8 mm on the second sorting system, were directed to grinding, which was carried out on one grinding system. The polished core after control on two systems of air separators and after magnetic control was grain crushed by Mo 1.

As a result of the processing of "Achilles" barley, the total yield of crushed grains was 78.0 95, by-products and waste (taking into account mechanical losses) - 22.0 9.

Claims (2)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. The method of production of barley groats, which involves the cleaning of grain from impurities, grinding, grinding and sorting of grinding products, which is characterized by the fact that the cleaned grain is divided into coarse and fine fractions and ground separately on two consecutive grinding systems with intermediate selection of by-products and waste , obtained after the second grinding system, the cores of large and small fractions are combined and crushed on two systems of rolling machines, and the grinding products are sorted, while the cores of the fraction with a particle size of more than 3 mm are fed to the next grinding system, and with a particle size of less than 2, 4 mm is sorted on two sorting systems. 2. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that barley grain of the "Achilles" variety is used.