UA106438U - Method for producing grits of eincorn - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of production of cereals from the shelf involves the cleaning of grain from impurities, peeling and sorting of peeling products. Pollen grain with a moisture content of 10-14% is peeled in three stages: in the first stage in the upholstery machines, in the second and third - in the peeling and grinding machines, which operate on the principle of intensive erasure of the shells.

Description

The useful model belongs to the cereal industry, in particular to methods of processing spelled into cereal products, specifically - spelled groats.

A known method of processing durum wheat varieties into cereals with a total yield of finished products of 63 95, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, husking, grinding of whole and crushed kernels, sorting of grinding products, polishing, partial sorting of grinding products, sorting and control of cereals | see "Rules of organization and management of the technological process at grain factories". - Kyiv: Ministry of agro-industrial complex, 1998. - p. 60-65.

The analogue and the claimed useful model have the following operations in common: - grain cleaning; - peeling; - grinding; - sorting of grinding products.

The disadvantage of the technological process for the production of wheat groats is the long length of the technological process, which involves two peeling systems, three grinding systems, three polishing systems and the corresponding sorting systems, which requires significant production areas to accommodate the corresponding machines and the difficulties in implementing this process in factories of small capacity. low indicators of output of finished products 63 Fo.

The method of production of spelled groats with a total yield of finished products of 55 95 is the closest to the useful model that is claimed, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, water and heat treatment, husking, sorting of husking products, grain separation, control of finished products | see patent of the Russian Federation No. 2371250 IPC VO28 300, VO7B 100 2006|.

Cleaned from impurities, spelled grain with a film density of up to 25 95 and a moisture content of 14 95 enters the water-heat treatment, which is carried out according to the structure of cold conditioning. The grain is moistened with potable water to a specified humidity of 15-17 95 with the help of a moistening machine of JSC-BSHU and sent to dehumidification, which lasts 1.5-2.0 hours. The grain prepared in this way is sent for processing, which consists in wet husking of the grain, the purpose of which is to extract seed, fruit films, crushed kernels and flour. This technological operation is carried out with the help of a SVU-2 roller decking machine. To remove the scab, which

Zo is formed in the process of peeling, the mixture is directed to airing in the A1-BDA aspirator. For the final removal of shells and germ, the mixture enters the grain sorting machine A1-

BKG-1. The products obtained after sorting are additionally aired in an aspirator. The removed grain for control is sent to the grain spreader A1-BRU. Impurities and unhusked grain are removed by passing through sieves with holes of 3.0-3.1 mm. The crushed core and the remains of small impurities are sifted on sieves with holes of 2.3-2.4 mm. The passage of the specified sieves is directed to flour control, the exit (groats) to a one-time airing in the aspirator and magnetic control.

This method was chosen by the prototype.

The prototype and the claimed useful model have the following common operations: - grain cleaning from impurities; - peeling; - sorting of peeling products.

However, the known method involves a large length and complexity of the technological process: the stage of hydrothermal treatment of grain involves moistening the grain with drinking water before husking with its subsequent dehumidification, which calls for the installation of special moistening machines and bunkers for dehumidification, the presence of a complex stage of grain sorting involves the use of special grain sorting machines , grain dispersers and aspirators, which requires significant production areas to accommodate the appropriate machines and difficulties in implementing this process at small-capacity factories, low rates of output of finished products 55 Vol.

The basis of a useful model is the task of developing a method of production of spelled groats, in which by changing the order of operations (exclusion of the water-heat treatment stage) and the use of special technological equipment (upholstering and peeling-grinding machines that work on the principle of intensive shell abrasion), as well as the use of spelled of a certain variety, to ensure the simplification of the technological process by reducing the number of operations and their duration while increasing the yield of finished products.

The task is solved in the method of production of groats from spelled, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, peeling and sorting the products of peeling, by the fact that spelled grain with a moisture content of 10-14 95 is peeled in three stages: in the first stage in upholstery machines, in the second and third - in peeling and grinding machines, which work according to the principle of intensive abrasion of 60 shells.

The method is carried out in the following order. Spelled grain cleaned of impurities, such as the "Dawn of Ukraine" variety, with a moisture content of 10.0-14.0 95, enters operational bunkers. After that, it is controlled for magnetic impurities and goes to peeling, which is carried out on three peeling systems. For peeling on the first system, upholstery machines are used, on the second and third - peeling and grinding machines A1-ZSHN, which work according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells. When peeling grain on the first peeling system, in upholstery machines, the wheel speed of the whips is set at 16...20 m/s, the slope of the whips is 8...10 95, on the second and third peeling systems, when peeling in peeling-grinding machines A1-ZSHN wheel speed of grinding discs is set at the level of - 16...18 m/s. A decrease in the wheel speed of the whips and their slope on the first peeling system will lead to insufficient removal of flower shells on the first system, which will accordingly cause the need to expand the peeling stage and increase the number of consecutive passes of the upholstery machines to two. A decrease in the circular speed of the grinding discs when peeling spelled on the second and third peeling systems will lead to insufficient removal of the surface layers of the grain when processing the grain on two grinding systems, which will accordingly cause the need to increase the number of grinding systems to three or four.

Increasing the circular speed of the bulls and their slope will increase the intensity of peeling and contribute to the increase of the peeling ratio, however, intensive peeling will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of particles of crushed kernel and flour, while reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products when it is further processed into flakes. Increasing the circular speed of the grinding discs on the second and third hulling systems will contribute to a more intensive removal of the surface layers of the grain, which will lead to an increase in the number of by-products in the form of particles of crushed kernel and flour, while reducing the yield of the whole kernel and finished products. In addition, an increase in the yield of by-products will lead to the need to expand the stage of sorting of peeling products due to the installation of either additional grain dispersers or sieve-air separators and aspiration columns.

The mixture of dehusking products, after the first dehusking system, which contains dehusked, unhusked grain, crushed kernel, husk and meal, is winnowed in aspiration columns or air

From separators. At this stage, the husk and partially the flour are removed from the mixture.

The mixture of dehusking products after the third dehusking system contains dehusked grain, crushed kernel, flour and partially husk. At the first stage, aerodynamically light components (flour and husk) are removed from the mixture, for which they are fed into aspiration columns or air separators. After cleaning from light impurities, the mixture is sent to grain dispersers A1-

BRU. The exit from the sieve 067 in the scatterers is used to extract the crushed kernel, and the passage - the flour. The whole shelled kernel is obtained by passing through 2 sieves of 3.0, 2.5 and 2.0 mm, which is sent to control and packaging. Spelled groats obtained at the sorting stage are sent to additional control of flour and magnetic impurities, which is carried out on aspiration and magnetic columns, respectively.

Example

They received groats from spelled. For this purpose, spelled grain cleaned of impurities with a film density of 22 95 of the "Zorya Ukrainy" variety with an initial moisture content of 13.7 96 and a mass of 2000 g was weighed on automatic scales and sent to shelling, which was carried out on three shelling systems with the use of shelling machines on the first and shelling- grinding machines working on the principle of intensive shell abrasion on the second and third peeling systems.

The mixture of peeling products after the first peeling system was aerated in an aspiration column. Extraction of aerodynamically light components that were formed after peeling on the second and third systems was carried out in an aspiration column. After that, in the grain disperser, the husked whole kernel (spelt groats) was obtained through 2 sieves of 3.0, 2.5 and 2.0 mm, which was sent to the aspiration column and magnetic separator for additional control. Crushed core was removed from the sieve 067 in the disperser, and flour was removed through the passage.

As a result of the processing of "Zorya Ukrainy" spelled, the total yield of grains was 65.0 95, by-products and waste (taking into account mechanical losses) - 35.0 95.

Claims (2)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. The method of production of groats from spelled, which involves cleaning the grain from impurities, peeling and sorting of peeling products, which differs in that spelled grain with a moisture content of 10-14 95 is peeled in three stages: in the first stage in upholstery machines, in the second and third - in peeling and grinding machines, which work according to the principle of intensive abrasion of shells. 2. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that it uses spelled grain of the "Dawn of Ukraine" variety.