TWI655113B - 混合動力車 - Google Patents

混合動力車 Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI655113B
TWI655113B TW107101512A TW107101512A TWI655113B TW I655113 B TWI655113 B TW I655113B TW 107101512 A TW107101512 A TW 107101512A TW 107101512 A TW107101512 A TW 107101512A TW I655113 B TWI655113 B TW I655113B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
shaft
rotating machine
ring gear
engine
hybrid vehicle
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TW107101512A
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English (en)
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TW201829214A (zh
Inventor
関口匡史
伊藤良雄
柳田朋亮
長田知恵
浅岡博則
Original Assignee
日商豐田自動車股份有限公司
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Publication of TW201829214A publication Critical patent/TW201829214A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K23/00—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • B60K23/02—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for main transmission clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B60K6/405—Housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0476—Electric machines and gearing, i.e. joint lubrication or cooling or heating thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/006—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/262—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators the motor or generator are used as clutch, e.g. between engine and driveshaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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Abstract

混合動力車包括：引擎，其包括建構成輸出動力的輸出軸桿；阻尼器，其設置在相同於輸出軸桿的第一軸上；旋轉機，其設置在第一軸上；變矩器，其設置在第一軸上；傳動機構，其設置成使得傳動機構的輸入軸桿定位在異於第一軸的第二軸上；箱殼，其中容納了旋轉機和傳動機構；驅動輪，其附接於驅動軸桿；以及油，其累積在箱殼所包圍之空間的下部中，且用於潤滑傳動機構，該油接觸部分的旋轉機。

Description

混合動力車
[0001] 本發明關於混合動力車。
[0002] 日本專利公開案第10-339185號(JP 10-339185 A)揭示前置引擎前置驅動(front-engine front-wheel drive，FF)的混合動力車，其包括引擎、旋轉機、傳動軸、驅動軸桿、驅動輪和類似者。阻尼器、變矩器、傳動機構、差速器和類似者設於傳動軸的箱殼中，並且阻尼器和變矩器設置在相同於引擎之輸出軸桿的軸上。進一步而言，傳動機構設置成使得引擎的輸出軸桿和傳動機構的輸入軸桿設置在相同軸上，但引擎的輸出軸桿和傳動機構的輸出軸桿設置在不同的軸上。旋轉機設置在傳動軸的箱殼外面而在異於引擎之輸出軸桿的軸上，且建構成使得從引擎之輸出軸桿所輸出的動力和從旋轉機之輸出軸桿所輸出的動力可傳輸到驅動輪。
[0003] JP 10-339185所述的混合動力車分別需要專門的冷卻裝置，其建構成冷卻因操作而產生熱的旋轉機，其相應地引發使混合動力車大型化所引發的問題。 　　[0004] 本發明提供混合動力車，其可以達成小型化並且冷卻旋轉機。 　　[0005] 本發明的範例性方面是混合動力車。混合動力車包括：引擎，其包括建構成輸出動力的輸出軸桿；阻尼器，其設置在相同於輸出軸桿的第一軸上；旋轉機，其設置在第一軸上；變矩器，其設置在第一軸上；傳動機構，其設置成使得傳動機構的輸入軸桿定位在異於第一軸的第二軸上；箱殼，其中容納了旋轉機和傳動機構；驅動軸桿；驅動輪，其附接於驅動軸桿；以及油，其累積在箱殼所包圍之空間的下部，且用於潤滑傳動機構，該油接觸部分的旋轉機。 　　[0006] 進一步而言，於以上發明，變矩器可以包括鎖定離合器，並且阻尼器、旋轉機、變矩器可以以此次序而從引擎側來設置，如此則引擎的動力以此次序而傳輸到阻尼器、旋轉機、變矩器。 　　[0007] 如此，則於本發明的混合動力車，旋轉機相關於變矩器而設置在引擎側上。據此，即使發生變矩器無法藉由鎖定離合器而鎖定的缺陷，引擎仍可以由旋轉機的動力來啟動。 　　[0008] 進一步而言，於以上發明，混合動力車可以進一步包括差速器，其連接到驅動軸桿並且容納在箱殼中。差速器可以包括差速環齒輪，並且差速環齒輪可以設置在箱殼中，使得當從第一軸的軸向來看時，部分的旋轉機和部分的差速環齒輪彼此重疊，而且差速環齒輪部分接觸油。
藉此，則於本發明的混合動力車，旋轉機和差速環齒輪之間的距離可以在差速環齒輪的徑向上變得更靠近，如此則差速環齒輪所舀起的油可以容易澆在旋轉機上，藉此有可能改善旋轉機的可冷卻性。
進一步而言，於以上發明，混合動力車可以進一步包括差速器，其連接到驅動軸桿並且容納在箱殼中。差速器可以包括差速環齒輪，並且旋轉機和差速環齒輪可以設置在箱殼中，使得旋轉機定位在差速環齒輪於徑向的延伸線上，並且差速環齒輪部分接觸油。
藉此，則於本發明的混合動力車，差速環齒輪所舀起的油容易澆在旋轉機上，藉此有可能改善旋轉機的可冷卻性。
進一步而言，於以上發明，混合動力車可以進一步包括離合器，其建構成中斷引擎和旋轉機之間的動力傳輸。離合器可以設在旋轉機所包括之轉子的內徑側中。
如此，則於本發明的混合動力車，離合器設置在旋轉機所包括之轉子的內徑側上，藉此相較於旋轉機和離合器邊靠邊的串聯設置在引擎輸出軸桿之軸向上的例 子，而有可能縮短傳動軸在軸向上的長度。
進一步而言，於以上發明，本發明的混合動力車可以進一步包括離合器，其建構成中斷引擎和旋轉機之間的動力傳輸。離合器可以設在引擎和旋轉機之間的第一動力傳輸路徑中；以及當離合器中斷第一動力傳輸路徑時，在旋轉機和驅動輪之間連接的第二動力傳輸路徑形成。
如此，則於本發明的混合動力車，即使離合器中斷引擎和旋轉機之間的動力傳輸，仍在旋轉機和驅動輪之間連接了動力傳輸路徑，如此則可以藉由來自驅動輪側的旋轉力來使旋轉機再生而產生電力。
在本發明的混合動力車中，旋轉機與阻尼器、變矩器、傳動機構容納在相同的箱殼中，且箱殼中形成讓油累積在箱殼中而旋轉機可以與油彼此接觸的空間。藉此，油和旋轉機可以在該空間中彼此接觸，如此則可以冷卻旋轉機。因此，不需要提供專門的冷卻裝置來冷卻旋轉機，即可相應地抑制混合動力車大型化。藉此達成小型化和可以冷卻旋轉機的效果。
[0018] 以下參考圖式來描述應用本發明之FF (前置引擎前置驅動)混合動力車的一個具體態樣。注意本發明不限於本具體態樣，舉例而言也可以應用於採用後置引擎後輪驅動(rear-engine rear-wheel drive，RR)系統的混合動力車。 　　[0019] 圖1是根據具體態樣之混合動力車1的架構圖。如圖1所示範，具體態樣的混合動力車1包括引擎2、傳動軸10、一對驅動輪9。 　　[0020] 傳動軸10建構成使得阻尼器3、作為旋轉機的馬達發電機4、變矩器5、動力傳輸機構6、傳動機構7、差速器8和類似者容納在傳動軸箱殼11中，其為傳動軸10的外殼。傳動軸10組成了動力傳輸裝置，其將從引擎2所輸入的驅動扭力傳輸到該對驅動輪9。 　　[0021] 輸出軸桿2a是引擎2的輸出軸桿，其經由阻尼器3而連接到馬達發電機4的輸入軸桿4a。阻尼器3建構成抑制和吸收輸出軸桿2a和輸入軸桿4a之間的扭力起伏。 　　[0022] 馬達發電機4的功能在於作為電動馬達和發電機，且包括定子4c和轉子4d，後者是可旋轉的設在定子4c之內徑側上的轉子。馬達發電機4的輸入軸桿4a和輸出軸桿4b設置在相同於輸出軸桿2a的軸(第一軸)上。可以中斷引擎2和馬達發電機4之間動力傳輸的離合器14相關於轉子4d而設置在內徑側上，且連接到輸入軸桿4a之相對於連接到阻尼器3的那一側上的軸向末端。由於離合器14相關於馬達發電機4的轉子4d而設置在內徑側上，故相較於馬達發電機4和離合器14邊靠邊的串聯排列在軸向上的例子，則有可能縮短傳動軸10在輸出軸桿2a之軸向上的長度。於下文，本具體態樣的「軸向」(axial direction)是指輸出軸桿2a的軸向，除非指定了目標軸桿。馬達發電機4的轉子4d設於傳動軸箱殼11中，且經由軸承13而由透過馬達發電機4所彼此相對的一對壁部12a、12b來支撐。 　　[0023] 變矩器5是由泵葉輪5a、渦動輪5b、定子5c、單向離合器(未顯示)、蓋子5d、鎖定離合器5e所組成。馬達發電機4的輸出軸桿4b經由蓋子5d而連接到泵葉輪5a，並且泵葉輪5a經由工作流體而將扭力傳輸到渦動輪5b。定子5c建構成把要從泵葉輪5a傳輸到渦動輪5b的扭力放大。單向離合器(未顯示)將定子5c的旋轉方向限制為一方向。渦動輪5b連接到變矩器5的輸出軸桿5f。鎖定離合器5e可以藉由結合而從蓋子5d直接傳輸動力到變矩器5的輸出軸桿5f。 　　[0024] 進一步而言，變矩器5是由壁部12b (其支撐馬達發電機4的轉子4d)和壁部12c (其經由變矩器5而在軸向上相對於壁部12b)所支撐。由於壁部12b如此作為用於馬達發電機4之轉子4d的支撐和用於變矩器5的支撐，故傳動軸10在軸向可以具有緊湊結構。 　　[0025] 如圖1所示範，於具體態樣的混合動力車1，阻尼器3、馬達發電機4、變矩器5以這靠近引擎2的次序而設置在相同於引擎2之輸出軸桿2a的軸上，如此則引擎2的動力以此次序而傳輸到阻尼器3、馬達發電機4、變矩器5。在此，在變矩器5相關於馬達發電機4而在軸向上設置在引擎2側上的例子，引擎2是在變矩器5藉由鎖定離合器5e來鎖定的此種狀態下而由馬達發電機4的動力所啟動。據此，當發生變矩器5無法藉由鎖定離合器5e而鎖定的缺陷時，引擎2可能無法由馬達發電機4的動力所啟動。關於此點，在馬達發電機4相關於變矩器5而在軸向上設在引擎2側上的例子(像是具體態樣的混合動力車1)，即使發生變矩器5無法藉由鎖定離合器5e而鎖定的缺陷，引擎2仍可以由馬達發電機4的動力所啟動。 　　[0026] 於動力傳輸機構6，動力傳輸齒輪系是由二齒輪所組成，亦即設於變矩器5之輸出軸桿5f中的第一齒輪6a和設於傳動機構7之輸入軸桿7a中的第二齒輪6b。動力傳輸機構6經由第一齒輪6a和第二齒輪6b而以預定的減速比率來使動力減速，而將動力從變矩器5的輸出軸桿5f傳輸到傳動機構7的輸入軸桿7a。 　　[0027] 進一步而言，第一齒輪6a是由壁部12c (其支撐變矩器5)和壁部12d (其經由第一齒輪6a而在軸向上相對於壁部12c)所支撐。由於壁部12c如此作為用於變矩器5的支撐和用於動力傳輸機構6之第一齒輪6a的支撐，故傳動軸10在軸向上可以具有緊湊的結構。注意第一齒輪6a可以由傳動軸箱殼11而非壁部12d來支撐。由於額外壁部不設在軸向上的第一齒輪6a和傳動軸箱殼11之間，故傳動軸10在軸向上可以具有更為緊湊的結構。 　　[0028] 圖2是混合動力車1的架構圖，此時使用的動力傳輸機構6由三齒輪所組成。於圖2所示範的動力傳輸機構6，動力傳輸齒輪系是由三齒輪所組成，亦即設於變矩器5之輸出軸桿5f中的第一齒輪61a、設於傳動機構7之輸入軸桿7a中的第三齒輪61c、嚙合著第一齒輪61a和第三齒輪61c的第二齒輪61b。動力傳輸機構6經由第一齒輪61a、第二齒輪61b、第三齒輪61c而以預定的減速比率來使動力減速，而將動力從變矩器5的輸出軸桿5f傳輸到傳動機構7的輸入軸桿7a。 　　[0029] 圖3是混合動力車1的架構圖，此時使用的動力傳輸機構6由一對滑輪62a、62b和鍊條62c所組成。圖3示範的動力傳輸機構6是由設於變矩器5之輸出軸桿5f中的第一滑輪62a、設於傳動機構7之輸入軸桿7a中的第二滑輪62b、纏繞著第一滑輪62a和第二滑輪62b的鍊條62c所組成。動力傳輸機構6經由第一滑輪62a、鍊條62c、第二滑輪62b而以恆定的速度(傳動比率=1)將動力從變矩器5的輸出軸桿5f傳輸到傳動機構7的輸入軸桿7a。 　　[0030] 傳動機構7設置成使得傳動機構7的輸入軸桿7a定位在異於引擎2之輸出軸桿2a的軸(第二軸)上。以傳動機構7來說，可以使用包括行星齒輪機構的機構、包括連續變速器的機構和類似者。 　　[0031] 圖4是混合動力車1的架構圖，此時使用的傳動機構7包括行星齒輪機構。注意圖4示範的混合動力車1包括前述由三齒輪所組成的動力傳輸機構6。圖4示範的傳動機構7包括輸入軸桿7a、太陽齒輪軸桿172、主要傳動部173、次要傳動部174、反驅動齒輪175，它們設於傳動機構箱殼170中。輸入軸桿7a和太陽齒輪軸桿172由傳動機構箱殼170所可旋轉的支撐。輸入軸桿7a連接到在相同軸上的太陽齒輪軸桿172，如此則輸入軸桿7a和太陽齒輪軸桿172同步旋轉。從動力傳輸機構6之第三齒輪61c傳輸到輸入軸桿7a的動力則由主要傳動部173和次要傳動部174中的一或二者做速度改變，且從連接到主要傳動部173之載具CF1 (稍後描述)的反驅動齒輪175來輸出。 　　[0032] 主要傳動部173包括行星齒輪機構176、離合器C1、離合器C2、煞車B2、單向離合器F1。行星齒輪機構176設置在太陽齒輪軸桿172周圍，且包括：經由離合器C1而連接到太陽齒輪軸桿172的太陽齒輪SR、設置成與太陽齒輪SR同軸而沿著軸向位移的太陽齒輪SF、長小齒輪PL、短小齒輪PS、環齒輪R1、載具CF1。太陽齒輪SR、太陽齒輪SF、長小齒輪PL、短小齒輪PS、環齒輪R1、載具CF1是可旋轉的。太陽齒輪SR和太陽齒輪SF經由軸承而由太陽齒輪軸桿172所可旋轉的支撐。 　　[0033] 長小齒輪PL設置在太陽齒輪SF和太陽齒輪SR周圍。短小齒輪PS設置在太陽齒輪SF周圍。環齒輪R1設置在長小齒輪PL周圍。環齒輪R1經由離合器C2而連接到太陽齒輪軸桿172。環齒輪R1可以藉由煞車B2而固定於傳動機構箱殼170。單向離合器F1設在傳動機構箱殼170和環齒輪R1之間，且建構成允許環齒輪R1僅在一方向上旋轉，而避免環齒輪R1在另一方向上旋轉。 　　[0034] 載具CF1設置在短小齒輪PS和長小齒輪PL的任一側上。載具CF1經由可旋轉支撐短小齒輪PS的第一小齒輪軸桿T1而支撐短小齒輪PS。載具CF1經由可旋轉支撐長小齒輪PL的第二小齒輪軸桿T2而支撐長小齒輪PL。太陽齒輪SF以相同軸上的花鍵連接部而連接到組成次要傳動部174 (稍後描述)之行星齒輪機構177的載具CR並且與載具CR同步旋轉。 　　[0035] 長小齒輪PL嚙合著太陽齒輪SR和環齒輪R1。短小齒輪PS嚙合著長小齒輪PL和太陽齒輪SF。太陽齒輪SR和環齒輪R1中之一者的功能在於藉由與離合器C1和離合器C2中之一對應者連接而作為輸入元件。行星齒輪機構176以可傳輸動力的方式而形成在作為輸入元件的太陽齒輪SR或環齒輪R1和作為輸出元件的載具CF1之間。 　　[0036] 反驅動齒輪175結合著差速環齒輪8a，並且輸出到反驅動齒輪175的動力經連接到差速環齒輪8a的由差速器8而傳輸到連接於驅動輪9的驅動軸桿91，如此以驅動驅動輪9。 　　[0037] 次要傳動部174包括行星齒輪機構177、煞車B1、煞車B3。行星齒輪機構177包括：可旋轉設置在太陽齒輪軸桿172周圍的載具CR、載具CF2、整合設於太陽齒輪軸桿172中的太陽齒輪S2、設置在太陽齒輪S2周圍的環齒輪R2、嚙合著太陽齒輪S2和環齒輪R2的小齒輪P2。載具CR和載具CF2設置在小齒輪P2的任一側上，且經由可旋轉支撐小齒輪P2的小齒輪軸桿T而支撐小齒輪P2。載具CF2可以藉由煞車B1而固定於傳動機構箱殼170。環齒輪R2可以藉由煞車B3而固定於傳動機構箱殼170。 　　[0038] 圖5是混合動力車1的架構圖，此時使用的傳動機構7包括連續變速器。注意圖5示範的混合動力車1包括前述由三齒輪所組成的動力傳輸機構6。圖5示範的傳動機構7包括：連接到輸入軸桿7a的前進/後退切換裝置271、連接到前進/後退切換裝置271的輸入軸桿272、連接到輸入軸桿272的連續變速器273、連接到連續變速器273的輸出軸桿274、減速齒輪275和類似者。 　　[0039] 前進/後退切換裝置271包括行星齒輪271p、前進離合器C、後退煞車B。行星齒輪271p的太陽齒輪271s連接到輸入軸桿7a，行星齒輪271p的太陽齒輪271c連接到輸入軸桿272，而行星齒輪271p的環齒輪271r經由後退煞車B而選擇性連接到外殼(未顯示)。進一步而言，太陽齒輪271c和太陽齒輪271s經由前進離合器C而選擇性連接。於如此建構的前進/後退切換裝置271，當前進離合器C結合並且後退煞車B脫離時，形成了前進動力傳輸路徑。進一步而言，當後退煞車B結合並且前進離合器C脫離時，形成了後退動力傳輸路徑。進一步而言，當前進離合器C和後退煞車B都脫離時，前進/後退切換裝置271進入中斷動力傳輸的空檔狀態(動力傳輸中斷狀態)。 　　[0040] 連續變速器273包括：設於輸入軸桿272中的主要滑輪276、設於輸出軸桿274中的次要滑輪277、纏繞在主要滑輪276和次要滑輪277之間的傳動帶278和類似者。 　　[0041] 主要滑輪276包括：固定槽輪276a (其固定於輸入軸桿272)和移動槽輪276b (其相關於輸入軸桿272而非可旋轉的設於其軸周圍，但可在輸入軸桿272的軸向上移動)。進一步而言，主要滑輪276包括液壓致動器(未顯示)，其建構成在主要滑輪276中賦予推力，如此以改變固定槽輪276a和移動槽輪276b之間的V形凹槽寬度。次要滑輪277包括：固定槽輪277a (其固定於輸出軸桿274)和移動槽輪277b (其相關於輸出軸桿274而非可旋轉的設於其軸周圍，但可在輸出軸桿274的軸向上移動)。進一步而言，次要滑輪277包括液壓致動器(未顯示)，其建構成在次要滑輪277中賦予推力，如此以改變固定槽輪277a和移動槽輪277b之間的V形凹槽寬度。於連續變速器273，改變主要滑輪276和次要滑輪277的V形凹槽寬度，如此以改變傳動帶278的纏繞半徑，如此則改變傳動比率。 　　[0042] 輸出齒輪279附接於連續變速器273的輸出軸桿274，如此以整合方式而一起旋轉。輸出齒輪279嚙合著減速齒輪275的反從動齒輪275a。減速齒輪275的反驅動齒輪275b嚙合著差速器8的差速環齒輪8a。 　　[0043] 回去參見圖1，嚙合著驅動小齒輪(未顯示，而來自傳動機構7的動力傳輸至此)的差速環齒輪8a則連接到差速器8。進一步而言，驅動軸桿91連接到差速器8，並且成對設置的驅動輪9附接於驅動軸桿91的軸向相對末端。 　　[0044] 具體態樣的混合動力車1具有多種運作模式，例如引擎運作模式(混合動力車1僅使用引擎2作為驅動來源來運行)、馬達發電機運作模式(混合動力車1僅使用馬達發電機4作為驅動來源來運行)、混合動力運作模式(混合動力車1同時使用引擎2和馬達發電機4來運行，並且混合動力車1藉由取決於例如油門操作量[駕駛人所要求的驅動力]和車速的操作狀態來切換運作模式而運行)。進一步而言，當在每種運作模式期間建立了油門關閉(accelerator-OFF)狀態(其中油門操作量變成零)時，則進行滑行(自由運行)。在滑行時，引擎2停止，藉此有可能達成燃料效率改善。進一步而言，在滑行、車輛減速和類似者時，驅動輪9的旋轉力經由動力傳輸路徑而傳輸到馬達發電機4，如此以由馬達發電機4的再生來產生電力，如此則電池(未顯示)被充以因此所產生的電力。 　　[0045] 離合器14設於引擎2和馬達發電機4之間的動力傳輸路徑(第一動力傳輸路徑)中，並且當離合器14連接時，可在引擎2和馬達發電機4之間進行動力傳輸，藉此有可能以整合方式來旋轉引擎2和馬達發電機4。在此同時，當離合器14斷開時，動力傳輸在引擎2和馬達發電機4之間中斷，藉此有可能彼此獨立的旋轉引擎2和馬達發電機4。 　　[0046] 於具體態樣的混合動力車1，在引擎2和馬達發電機4之間中斷動力傳輸的狀態，則在馬達發電機4和驅動輪9之間連接了動力傳輸路徑(第二動力傳輸路徑)，並且可以藉由來自驅動輪9側的旋轉力使馬達發電機4再生而產生電力。因此緣故，在滑行時，離合器14斷開，藉此有可能抑制由於引擎2在滑行期間停止所可引起的牽引阻力而造成馬達發電機4的再生效率降低。 　　[0047] 圖6是示範當在軸向而從引擎2側來看傳動軸10時的傳動軸箱殼11之組成物的位置關係圖。於傳動軸箱殼11裡所形成之空間20的下部，累積了要用於潤滑傳動機構7、差速器8和類似者的油30，並且馬達發電機4部分浸泡在油30中。藉此，則使馬達發電機4接觸累積在傳動軸箱殼11中的油30，而有可能冷卻馬達發電機4。 　　[0048] 進一步而言，差速環齒輪8a部分浸泡在箱殼11中所形成的空間20之下部所累積的油30中，並且馬達發電機4和差速環齒輪8a是以圖6逆時針方向來旋轉差速環齒輪8a所舀起的油30可以接觸馬達發電機4的位置關係而設置在空間20裡。 　　[0049] 更特定而言，於具體態樣的混合動力車1，馬達發電機4和差速環齒輪8a設置成使得差速環齒輪8a相關於馬達發電機4而在軸向上定位在扭力轉換器5側上，如此則當從輸出軸桿2a的軸向來看時，部分的馬達發電機4和部分的差速環齒輪8a彼此重疊(當從軸向來看時彼此重疊)，如圖6所示範。進一步而言，在空間20裡的馬達發電機4和差速環齒輪8a之間不設有阻礙差速環齒輪8a所舀起的油30澆在馬達發電機4上的任何屏蔽(例如壁部)。藉此，則馬達發電機4和差速環齒輪8a之間的距離在徑向上變得更靠近，如此則差速環齒輪8a所舀起的油30可以容易澆在馬達發電機4上，藉此有可能改善馬達發電機4的可冷卻性。進一步而言，由於馬達發電機4和差速環齒輪8a之間的距離可以在徑向上變得更靠近，故有可能相應地在徑向上達成傳動軸10的小型化。 　　[0050] 如此，則於具體態樣的混合動力車1，馬達發電機4設於傳動軸箱殼11中，並且在傳動軸箱殼11中形成了空間20，其中累積在傳動軸箱殼11中的油30可以接觸馬達發電機4。當油30和馬達發電機4在空間20中彼此接觸時，馬達發電機4被冷卻。藉此，則不須要提供專門的冷卻裝置來冷卻馬達發電機4，藉此有可能相應地抑制混合動力車1大型化。據此，有可能達成小型化和冷卻馬達發電機4。 　　[0051] 注意即使屏蔽設在馬達發電機4和差速環齒輪8a之間，此種組態仍推測設有管線或類似者以將油30澆在馬達發電機4上。關於此點，在屏蔽不設在馬達發電機4和差速環齒輪8a之間的例子(像是具體態樣的混合動力車1)，可以省略例如管線的組成物，藉此有可能相應地達成成本降低。 　　[0052] 進一步而言，如上所述，藉由將馬達發電機4相關於變矩器5而設置在引擎2側上，而有可能將馬達發電機4和差速環齒輪8a設置成使得採取包括在FF混合動力車1中之傳動軸10所可以採用的許多組成物排列而彼此靠近。據此，將馬達發電機4相關於變矩器5而設置在引擎2側上則藉由差速環齒輪8a舀起油而有效確保馬達發電機4的可冷卻性。 　　[0053] 圖7是混合動力車1的架構圖，其是差速環齒輪8a相關於馬達發電機4而在軸向上定位在引擎2側上的例子。圖8是示範當在軸向而從引擎2側來看圖7示範的混合動力車1之傳動軸10時的傳動軸箱殼11之組成物的位置關係圖。 　　[0054] 於具體態樣的混合動力車1，如圖7和8所示範，差速環齒輪8a可以相關於馬達發電機4而在軸向上定位在引擎2側上。即使是在馬達發電機4和差速環齒輪8a如此設置的例子，馬達發電機4和差速環齒輪8a仍可以設置得彼此更靠近，如此則差速環齒輪8a所舀起的油30可以容易澆在馬達發電機4上，藉此有可能改善馬達發電機4的可冷卻性。進一步而言，由於馬達發電機4和差速環齒輪8a之間的距離可以在徑向上變得更靠近，故有可能相應地在徑向上達成傳動軸10的小型化。 　　[0055] 圖9是混合動力車1的架構圖，其是馬達發電機4和差速環齒輪8a設置成使得馬達發電機4定位在差速環齒輪8a於徑向之延伸線上的例子。圖10是示範當在軸向而從引擎2側來看圖9示範的混合動力車1之傳動軸10時的傳動軸箱殼11之組成物的位置關係圖。 　　[0056] 於具體態樣的混合動力車1，如圖9和10所示範，馬達發電機4和差速環齒輪8a可以設置成使得馬達發電機4定位在差速環齒輪8a於徑向的延伸線上。於馬達發電機4和差速環齒輪8a如此設置的例子，差速環齒輪8a所舀起的油30可以更容易澆在馬達發電機4上，藉此有可能改善馬達發電機4的可冷卻性。
[0057]
1‧‧‧混合動力車
2‧‧‧引擎
2a‧‧‧輸出軸桿
3‧‧‧阻尼器
4‧‧‧馬達發電機
4a‧‧‧輸入軸桿
4b‧‧‧輸出軸桿
4c‧‧‧定子
4d‧‧‧轉子
5‧‧‧變矩器
5a‧‧‧泵葉輪
5b‧‧‧渦動輪
5c‧‧‧定子
5d‧‧‧蓋子
5e‧‧‧鎖定離合器
5f‧‧‧輸出軸桿
6‧‧‧動力傳輸機構
6a‧‧‧第一齒輪
6b‧‧‧第二齒輪
61a‧‧‧第一齒輪
61b‧‧‧第二齒輪
61c‧‧‧第三齒輪
62a‧‧‧第一滑輪
62b‧‧‧第二滑輪
62c‧‧‧鍊條
7‧‧‧傳動機構
7a‧‧‧輸入軸桿
8‧‧‧差速器
8a‧‧‧差速環齒輪
9‧‧‧驅動輪
91‧‧‧驅動軸桿
10‧‧‧傳動軸
11‧‧‧傳動軸箱殼
12a‧‧‧壁部
12b‧‧‧壁部
12c‧‧‧壁部
12d‧‧‧壁部
13‧‧‧軸承
14‧‧‧離合器
20‧‧‧空間
30‧‧‧油
170‧‧‧傳動機構箱殼
172‧‧‧太陽齒輪軸桿
173‧‧‧主要傳動部
174‧‧‧次要傳動部
175‧‧‧反驅動齒輪
176‧‧‧行星齒輪機構
177‧‧‧行星齒輪機構
271‧‧‧前進/後退切換裝置
271c‧‧‧太陽齒輪
271p‧‧‧行星齒輪
271r‧‧‧環齒輪
271s‧‧‧太陽齒輪
272‧‧‧輸入軸桿
273‧‧‧連續變速器
274‧‧‧輸出軸桿
275‧‧‧減速齒輪
275a‧‧‧反從動齒輪
275b‧‧‧反驅動齒輪
276‧‧‧主要滑輪
276a‧‧‧固定槽輪
276b‧‧‧移動槽輪
277‧‧‧次要滑輪
277a‧‧‧固定槽輪
277b‧‧‧移動槽輪
278‧‧‧傳動帶
279‧‧‧輸出齒輪
B‧‧‧後退煞車
B1‧‧‧煞車
B2‧‧‧煞車
B3‧‧‧煞車
C‧‧‧前進離合器
C1‧‧‧離合器
C2‧‧‧離合器
CF1‧‧‧載具
CF2‧‧‧載具
CR‧‧‧載具
F1‧‧‧單向離合器
P2‧‧‧小齒輪
PL‧‧‧長小齒輪
PS‧‧‧短小齒輪
R1‧‧‧環齒輪
R2‧‧‧環齒輪
S2‧‧‧太陽齒輪
SF‧‧‧太陽齒輪
SR‧‧‧太陽齒輪
T‧‧‧小齒輪軸桿
T1‧‧‧第一小齒輪軸桿
T2‧‧‧第二小齒輪軸桿
下面將參考伴隨圖式來描述本發明之範例性具體態樣的特徵、優點和技術與工業上的重要性，而圖式中的相同數字表示相同的元件，並且其中：圖1是示範根據具體態樣之混合動力車的架構圖；圖2是混合動力車的架構圖，此時使用的動力傳輸機構由三齒輪所組成； 　　圖3是混合動力車的架構圖，此時使用的動力傳輸機構由一對滑輪和鍊條所組成； 　　圖4是混合動力車的架構圖，此時使用的傳動機構包括行星齒輪機構； 　　圖5是混合動力車的架構圖，此時使用的傳動機構包括連續變速器； 　　圖6是示範當在軸向而從引擎側來看傳動軸時的傳動軸箱殼之組成物的位置關係圖； 　　圖7是混合動力車的架構圖，其是差速環齒輪相關於馬達發電機而在軸向上定位在引擎側上的例子； 　　圖8是示範當在軸向而從引擎側來看圖7示範的混合動力車之傳動軸時的傳動軸箱殼之組成物的位置關係圖； 　　圖9是混合動力車的架構圖，其是馬達發電機和差速環齒輪設置成使得馬達發電機定位在差速環齒輪於徑向之延伸線上的例子；以及 　　圖10是示範當在軸向而從引擎側來看圖9示範的混合動力車之傳動軸時的傳動軸箱殼之組成物的位置關係圖。

Claims (6)

  1. 一種混合動力車，其包括：引擎，其包括建構成輸出動力的輸出軸桿；阻尼器，其設置在相同於該輸出軸桿的第一軸上；旋轉機，其設置在該第一軸上；變矩器，其設置在該第一軸上；傳動機構，其設置成使得該傳動機構的輸入軸桿定位在異於該第一軸的第二軸上；箱殼，其中容納了該旋轉機和該傳動機構；驅動軸桿；驅動輪，其附接於該驅動軸桿；以及油，其累積在該箱殼所包圍之空間的下部中，且用於潤滑該傳動機構，該油接觸部分的該旋轉機。
  2. 根據申請專利範圍第1項的混合動力車，其中：該變矩器包括鎖定離合器；以及該阻尼器、該旋轉機、該變矩器以此次序而從引擎側來設置，使得該引擎的該動力以此次序而傳輸到該阻尼器、該旋轉機、該變矩器。
  3. 根據申請專利範圍第1項的混合動力車，其進一步包括差速器，其連接到該驅動軸桿並且容納在該箱殼中，其中：該差速器包括差速環齒輪，以及該旋轉機和該差速環齒輪設置在該箱殼中，使得當從該第一軸的軸向來看時，部分的該旋轉機和部分的該差速環齒輪彼此重疊，並且該差速環齒輪部分接觸該油。
  4. 根據申請專利範圍第1項的混合動力車，其進一步包括差速器，其連接到該驅動軸桿並且容納在該箱殼中，其中：該差速器包括差速環齒輪，以及該旋轉機和該差速環齒輪設置在該箱殼中，使得該旋轉機定位在該差速環齒輪於徑向的延伸線上，並且該差速環齒輪部分接觸該油。
  5. 根據申請專利範圍第1項的混合動力車，其進一步包括：離合器，其建構成中斷該引擎和該旋轉機之間的動力傳輸，該離合器設在該旋轉機所包括之轉子的內徑側中。
  6. 根據申請專利範圍第1到5項中任一項的混合動力車，其進一步包括：離合器，其建構成中斷該引擎和該旋轉機之間的動力傳輸，該離合器設在該引擎和該旋轉機之間的第一動力傳輸路徑中；以及第二動力傳輸路徑，當該離合器中斷該第一動力傳輸路徑時，在該旋轉機和該驅動輪之間連接的該第二動力傳輸路徑形成。
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