TWI593842B - Water splashing fabric and clothing - Google Patents

Water splashing fabric and clothing Download PDF

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TWI593842B
TWI593842B TW100144383A TW100144383A TWI593842B TW I593842 B TWI593842 B TW I593842B TW 100144383 A TW100144383 A TW 100144383A TW 100144383 A TW100144383 A TW 100144383A TW I593842 B TWI593842 B TW I593842B
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fabric
water
repellent
yarn
acid
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TW201229343A (en
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Kenji Iwashita
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Teijin Frontier Co Ltd
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03WEAVING
    • D03DWOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/40Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/49Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads textured; curled; crimped
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/184Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • D06M13/188Monocarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41DOUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D1/00Garments
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02GCRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02GCRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/16Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02GCRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/26Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre with characteristics dependent on the amount or direction of twist
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02GCRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/26Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre with characteristics dependent on the amount or direction of twist
    • D02G3/28Doubled, plied, or cabled threads
    • D02G3/286Doubled, plied, or cabled threads with alternatively "S" and "Z" direction of twist, e.g. Self-twist process
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02JFINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/08Interlacing constituent filaments without breakage thereof, e.g. by use of turbulent air streams
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03WEAVING
    • D03DWOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/30Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the fibres or filaments
    • D03D15/33Ultrafine fibres, e.g. microfibres or nanofibres
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03WEAVING
    • D03DWOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/40Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/41Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads with specific twist
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/244Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
    • D06M13/248Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
    • D06M13/265Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur containing halogen atoms
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/195Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds sulfated or sulfonated
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/244Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D06M15/256Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons containing fluorine
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/263Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
    • D06M15/277Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof containing fluorine
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/39Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
    • D06M15/423Amino-aldehyde resins
    • D06M15/437Amino-aldehyde resins containing fluorine
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/05Lotus effect
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00Physical properties
    • D10B2401/02Moisture-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/021Moisture-responsive characteristics hydrophobic
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2501/00Wearing apparel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2008Fabric composed of a fiber or strand which is of specific structural definition

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Outer Garments And Coats (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Description

潑水性織物及衣料
本發明係關於環保潑水性織物,具有優異的潑水性之潑水性織物、及使用該潑水性織物而成之衣料。
傳統上,於運動衣料、休閒衣料、傘布等領域追求具有潑水性之布料,進行使氟系潑水劑等之潑水劑附著於布料(例如參考專利文獻1、專利文獻2)。
另外,近年來,因環保而提出使布料附著可能對生物造成影響之化合物(例如全氟辛酸或全氟辛烷磺酸等)含量少之氟系潑水劑(例如參考專利文獻3)。
專利文獻1:特開昭60-94645號公報
專利文獻2:特開昭61-70043號公報
專利文獻3:特開2007-247089號公報
本發明者係發現附著全氟辛酸(以下亦稱為「PFOA」。)或全氟辛烷磺酸(以下亦稱為「PFOS」。)等含量少之氟系潑水劑之布料,雖是環保布料,但就潑水性上並不充足。本發明係有鑑於相關背景所實施者,其目的係提供環保潑水性織物,具有優異的潑水性之潑水性織物、及使用該潑水性織物而成之衣料。
本發明者為達成前述課題,努力檢討的結果,發現賦予PFOA或PFOS等含量少之氟系潑水劑於布料時,若使用將含有具有S方向扭矩(Torque)之假撚捲縮加工紗及具有Z方向扭矩之假撚捲縮加工紗之複合紗,配置於經紗或緯紗中至少任一種之織物作為布料時,藉由於織物表面形成蓮葉狀之微細凹凸,可得到優異的潑水性。接著,藉由進一步反覆努力檢討而達成完成本發明。
因此,依據本發明,提供「織物上附著全氟辛酸及全氟辛烷磺酸之合計濃度為0~5ng/g之氟系潑水劑而成之潑水性織物,含有含具有S方向扭矩之假撚捲縮加工紗及具有Z方向扭矩之假撚捲縮加工紗之複合紗為特徵之潑水性織物。」。
此時,構成前述複合紗之纖維之單紗纖度係以1dtex以下為宜。另外,於前述複合紗中,長纖數係以50支以上為宜。另外,前述複合紗之捲縮率係以13%以上為宜。另外,對前述複合紗,以交織個數35~90個/m,施以交織(Interlace)加工為宜。另外,織物之織片覆蓋係數(Cover Factor)係於1500~2800之範圍內為宜。另外,對織物施以輾光(calendering)加工為宜。另外,於織物表面形成蓮葉狀之微細凹凸為宜。另外,依據JIS L 1018測定之織物膨鬆性係以1.30以上為宜。另外,織物之潑水滾落角度係以22度以下為宜。
另外,依據本發明,提供使用前述潑水性織物而成之衣料。
依據本發明,提供環保潑水性織物,具有優異的潑水性之潑水性織物、及使用該潑水性織物而成之衣料。
用以實施發明之最佳型態
以下係對本發明之實施型態詳細地說明。
首先,本發明之潑水性織物係附著全氟辛酸(PFOA)及全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)之合計濃度(亦即1g之潑水劑所含PFOA的濃度及PFOS的濃度之合計)為0~5ng/g(奈克/克)之氟系潑水劑。
在此,PFOA及PFOS之合計濃度,以高效液相層析質譜儀(LC-MS)測定時,每1g之潑水劑為5ng/g以下(以未達1ng/g為宜,以PFOA及PFOS中至少任一種的濃度係0ng/g為宜,以PFOA的濃度及PFOS的濃度皆為0ng/g尤佳)。PFOA及PFOS之合計濃度大於5ng/g時,對環境並不宜。
作為PFOA及PFOS之合計濃度為0~5ng/g(奈克/克)之氟素潑水劑,可舉例如僅由未含N-羥甲基之單體所構成之全氟烷基丙烯酸酯共聚物或市售物等。市售物可列舉適合之旭硝子(股)製之氟系潑水潑油劑之AashiGuard E系列AG-E061、住友3M(股)製之Scotch GuardPM3622、PM490、PM930等。
本發明之潑水性織物係含有含具有S方向扭矩之假撚捲縮加工紗及具有Z方向扭矩之假撚捲縮加工紗之複合紗。藉由織物中含相關的複合紗,因為於織物表面形成蓮葉狀之微細凹凸,所以可得到優異的潑水性。
在此,作為假撚捲縮加工之條件係可列舉使紗條經由第一滾輪,定型溫度為90~220℃(以100~190℃為宜)之熱處理加熱器,藉由加撚裝置以施撚之方法、或前述施撚後,因應需要,再導入紗條於第2加熱器區域進行緩慢熱處理之方法。假撚加工時之延伸倍率係0.8~1.5之範圍為宜。另外,假撚數(T/m)=(32500/Dtex)×α之式中,α=0.5~1.5為宜。以α=0.8~1.2尤佳。作為使用的加撚裝置,因盤式或帶式之摩擦式加撚裝置容易掛紗,亦少斷紗,所以適宜。轉動方式之加撚裝置亦可。
另外,前述複合紗係拉齊具有S方向扭矩之假撚捲縮加工紗及具有Z方向扭矩之假撚捲縮加工紗後,以交織個數35~90個/m(以40~80個/m為宜),施以交織(Interlace)加工(交絡處理)者時,於所得之織物表面容易形成蓮葉狀之微細凹凸,該結果因可容易得到優異的潑水性,所以適宜。進而,對複合紗施以如此的交織加工時,織物之製織性亦優異,所以適宜。另外,交織加工(交絡處理)係可使用通常之交織噴嘴進行處理者即可。
另外,前述複合紗係以扭矩愈小愈好,以無扭矩(0T/m)最好。如此地使成為無扭矩,於具有S方向扭矩之假撚捲縮加工紗及具有Z方向扭矩之假撚捲縮加工紗進行合紗時,亦可使用除了扭矩方向相異以外,具有相同扭矩之2種假撚捲縮加工紗。
另外,於前述複合紗中,捲縮率為13%以上(以13~25%為宜)時,因為於織物表面容易形成蓮葉狀之微細凹凸,可得到優異的潑水性,所以適宜。該捲縮率未達13%,有不能得到充份潑水性之虞。
關於前述複合紗,於織物表面容易形成蓮葉狀之微細凹凸,並且單紗纖度為1dtex以下(以0.001~1.0dtex為宜,以0.1~1.0dtex尤佳,以0.1~0.4dtex更好),所以適宜。單紗纖維直徑為1μm以下之稱為奈米纖維之超極細纖維亦可。該單紗纖度大於1dtex時,有不能得到充份潑水性之虞。
另外,複合紗之總纖度係以於33~220dtex之範圍內為宜。進而,作為複合紗之長纖數為50支以上(以50~10000支為宜,以50~300支尤佳)之範圍內,就得到優異的潑水性係適宜的。
作為構成前述複合紗之纖維,就得到優異的潑水性,以由聚酯形成的聚酯系纖維適宜。作為相關的聚酯,例如以對苯二甲酸作為主要酸成份,以至少一種選自碳數2~6之烯烴二醇,亦即乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、戊二醇、己二醇所成群之甘醇,以乙二醇為宜作為主要甘醇成份之聚酯。
相關聚酯係因應需要,亦可具有少量(通常為30莫耳%以下)之共聚成份。此時,作為除了所使用之對苯二甲酸以外之二官能性羧羧,可舉例如間苯二甲酸、萘二羧酸、二苯基二羧酸、二苯氧基乙烷二羧酸、β-羥乙氧基苯甲酸、對羥基苯甲酸、5-磺酸鈉間苯二甲酸、己二酸、癸二酸、1,4-環己烷二羧酸之芳香族、脂肪族、脂環族之二官能性羧酸。另外,作為前述甘醇以外之二元醇化合物,可舉例如環己烷-1,4-二甲醇、新戊二醇、雙酚A、雙酚S之脂肪族、脂環族、芳香族之二元醇化合物及聚氧烯烴二醇等。
前述聚酯係可依任何方法合成者。例如若以聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯說明時,藉由使對苯二甲酸與乙二醇直接進行酯化反應,或如對苯二甲酸二甲酯之對苯甲酸之低級烷基酯與乙二醇進行酯交換反應或對苯二甲酸與環氧乙烷反應而生成對苯二甲酸之甘醇酯及/或其低聚物之第1階段反應,以及將第1階段反應生成物於減壓下加熱,使進行聚縮合反應直至成所需聚合度之第2階段之反應所製造者。另外,前述聚酯亦可為經物質循環(material recycle)或化學循環(chemical recycle)之聚酯。進而,前述聚酯亦可為聚乳酸或鏡像錯合物聚乳酸等之脂肪族聚酯。
前述聚酯因應需要,亦可含有1種以上之平光劑(二氧化鈦)、微細孔形成劑(有機磺酸金屬鹽)、抗著色劑、熱安定劑、難燃劑(三氧化二銻)、螢光增白劑、著色顏料、防靜電劑(磺酸金屬鹽)、吸濕劑(聚氧烯烴二醇)、抗菌劑、其他無機粒子。
於本發明之織物,前述複合紗係配置於經紗或緯紗中至少任一種(以經紗及緯紗為宜)。在此,相對於織物之總重量,以含70重量%以上(以100重量%尤佳)之該複合紗為宜。另外,本發明中重要的是具有織物組織。編物時,因為有不能得到優異潑水性之虞,所以不適宜。
本發明之潑水性織物係可藉由例如後述方法製造。首先,使用具有S方向扭矩之假撚捲縮加工紗及具有Z方向扭矩之假撚捲縮加工紗,得到複合紗。此時,作為複合方法,可為交織加工或Taslan(註冊商標)加工等之空氣混纖、複合假撚、合撚、包覆加工等中任一種。其中,就於織物表面形成蓮葉狀之微細凹凸以得到潑水性,如前述之交織加工(交絡處理)為宜。
接著,使用該複合紗,製織織物。此時,織物組織並無特別限制。可舉例如平織(plainweave)、斜紋織(twill weave)及緞織(satin weave)等之三原組織、變化組織、經二重組織、緯二重組織、經織天鵝絨等。層數可為單層,亦可為2層以上之多層。另外,織製方法係可使用通常的織機(例如通常的噴水織機(water jet loom)、噴氣織機(air jet loom)、劍桿織機(rapier looms)等。)之通常的製織方法。
接著,對該織物施以潑水加工。在此,如前所述,使用全氟辛酸(PFOA)及全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)之合計濃度係每1g潑水劑為0~5ng/g(以0ng/g為宜)之氟系潑水劑。因應需要,混合防靜電劑、三聚氰胺樹脂、催化劑,作為潑水劑濃度3~15重量%程度之加工劑,以壓吸率(pick up rate)50~90%程度,使用該加工劑處理織物表面為宜。作為以加工劑處理織物表面的方法,可列舉壓吸法、噴射法等。其中就使加工劑滲透至織物內部,以壓吸法為宜。前述所謂的壓吸率係加工劑重量對織物(賦予加工劑前)重量之比率(%)。
另外,作為前述之防靜電劑,以含有聚乙二醇基之聚酯系樹脂、含有聚乙二醇基之聚胺基甲酸乙酯系樹脂、含有聚乙二醇基之聚合陽離子系化合物與二縮水甘油醚之反應物等為宜。亦可為高級醇硫酸酯鹽、硫酸化油、磺酸鹽、磷酸酯鹽等之陰離子界面活性劑、胺鹽型、4級銨鹽、咪唑啉型4級鹽等之陽離子界面活性劑、聚乙二醇型、多元醇酯型等之非離子性界面活性劑、咪唑啉型4級鹽、丙胺酸型、甜菜鹼型等之兩性界面活性劑等之防靜電化合物。
用以聚合單體之熱處理係以50~180℃之溫度,0.1~30分鐘之條件為宜,以進行乾熱處理及濕熱處理中至少任一種之處理為宜。亦可為蒸熱處理。相關的蒸熱處理,以使用80~160℃之飽和水蒸氣或過熱水蒸氣為宜。此時,作為處理時間係以數秒至數十分鐘之範圍為宜。進行相關的蒸熱處理後,亦可因應需要,進行水洗或熱水洗或還原洗淨。
另外,於前述之潑水加工步驟之前步驟及後步驟中至少任一個步驟,對織物施以輾光加工時,織物表面容易形成蓮葉狀,可得到優異的潑水性,所以適宜。此時,作為輾光加工的條件,以溫度為130℃以上(以140~195℃尤佳),線壓200~20000N/cm(以200~1000N/cm尤佳)之範圍內為宜。
另外,於前述之潑水加工步驟之前步驟及後步驟中至少任一個步驟,可進行常法之染色加工、鹼減量加工、起毛加工。進而,亦可加成適用抗紫外線劑、抗菌劑、消臭劑、防蟲劑、蓄光劑、全反射(retroreflection)劑、負離子發生劑等。
於相關的織物,以下述式定義之織物的織片覆蓋係數(Cover Factor)若於1500~2800之範圍內時,可得到更優異的潑水性,所以適宜。
CF=(DWp/1.1)1/2×MWp+(DWf/1.1)1/2×MWf
但是,DWp係經紗總纖度(dtex),MWp為經紗織密度(支/2.54cm),DWf係緯紗總纖度(dtex),MWf為緯紗織密度(支/2.54cm)。
並且,於相關的織物,依據JIS L 1018測定之織物膨鬆性為1.30以上(以1.50~2.00為宜)時,可得到更優異的潑水性,所以適宜。
如此所得之潑水性織物,因為附著全氟辛酸及全氟辛烷磺酸之合計濃度為0~5ng/g之氟系潑水劑,所以該潑水性織物成為環保織物。並且同時藉由於織物中含有前述複合紗,於該潑水性織物表面形成蓮葉狀之微細凹凸。接著,因為藉由該蓮葉狀之微細凹凸形成微小的空氣層,所以水滴滴於織物表面時,呈現優異的潑水性。另外,相關效果亦稱為蓮花效應(lotus effect)。
此時,作為潑水性,織物之潑水滾落角度係以25度以下(以22度以下為宜,以5~22度尤佳)為宜。
但是,所謂的潑水滾落角度係靜靜地滴下0.2cc的水於安裝在水平板上之平面狀受測試料,使此平板以等速度靜靜地傾斜,水滴最初滾落時的角度。
接著,本發明之衣料係使用前述織物而成之衣料。因為本發明的衣料係使用前述織物,所以為環保衣料,而且具優異的潑水性。另外,相關的衣料,包含羽毛衣料、羽球衫、慢跑衫、足球褲、網球褲、籃球褲、桌球褲、羽球褲、慢跑褲、高爾夫褲、各種運動用汗衫、各種運動用內衣、毛衣、T恤、平紋布(jersey)、運動鞋(trainer)、風衣、夾克等。
另外,前述織物係環保織物,因為具有優異的潑水性,所以不僅衣料,亦可適合使用於傘布、雨衣布、鞋、帽、棉被表布、棉被套等。
實施例
接著,詳述本發明之實施例及比較例,但本發明並非局限於此等者。另外,實施例中各測定項目係以後述方法測定。
(1)扭矩
將約70cm的試料(捲縮紗)橫放,中間部份吊掛0.18mN×表示支數(2mg/de)之初荷重後,將兩端收齊。
紗線藉由殘留的扭矩開始旋轉,但維持此狀態,直至初荷重靜止,得到撚紗。將如此所得之撚紗,於17.64mN×表示支數(0.2g/de)之荷重下,以檢撚器測定25cm長之撚數。所得撚數(T/25cm)的4倍,算出扭矩(T/m)。
(2)交織(交絡)之個數
將交絡紗於8.82mN×表示支數(0.1g/de)之荷重下,取1m長度,去重後,讀取於室溫下放置24小時後之節點數量,以個/m表示。
(3)捲縮率
將受測紗條,捲於周長為1.125m之計長機周圍,調製成乾纖度為3333dtex之紗條捲。將前述紗條捲,垂懸於刻度板之吊釘,於該下方部份,附加6g之最初荷重,再加600g荷重時之紗條捲長度L0。之後,立即自前述紗條捲去除荷重,自刻度板之吊釘取下,將此紗條捲浸漬於沸水中30分鐘,使發生捲縮。自沸水取出經沸水處理後之紗條捲,藉由濾紙吸收去除紗條捲所含水份,於室溫下風乾24小時。將此風乾後之紗條捲,垂懸於刻度板之吊釘,於該下方部份,施加600g荷重,1分鐘後,測定紗條捲長度L1a,之後,自紗條捲卸下荷重,1分鐘後測定紗條捲之長度L2a。將受測長纖紗條之捲縮率(CP),以下述式算出。
CP(%)=((L1a-L2a)/L0)×100
(4)延伸性
依據JIS L 1096 B法,測定延伸性(%)。
(5)織物的厚度
依據JIS L 1096,測定織物的厚度(mm)。
(6)織物的單位面積重量
依據JIS L 1096,測定織物的單位面積重量(g/m2)。
(7)織物的膨鬆性
依據JIS L 1018,測定織物的膨鬆性。
(8)織片覆蓋係數
依據下述式算出織片覆蓋係數CF。
CF=(DWp/1.1)1/2×MWp+(DWf/1.1)1/2×MWf
但是,DWp係經紗總纖度(dtex),MWp為經紗織密度(支/2.54cm),DWf係緯紗總纖度(dtex),MWf為緯紗織密度(支/2.54cm)。
(9)潑水性(潑水滾落角度)
靜靜地滴下0.2cc的水於安裝在水平板上之平面狀受測試料,使此平板以等速度靜靜地傾斜,水滴最初滾落時的角度為潑水滾落角度。另外,潑水滾落角度愈小,潑水性良好,25度以下合格。
(10)PFOA及PFOS的濃度
以後述條件測定PFOA及PFOS的濃度,以ng/g表示。
裝置:LC-MS/MS液相層析串聯式質譜儀TSQ-7000(THERMO ELECTRON)
高效液相層析儀LC-10Avp(島津製作所)
管柱:Capcellpak C8 100mm×2mmi.d.(5μm)
沖提液:A:0.5mmol/l的醋酸銨、B:乙腈
流速:0.2ml/min
試料注入量:3μl
CP溫度:220℃
離子化電壓:4.5kv
ionmulti:1300v
離子化法:ESI-Negative
[實施例1]
使用聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯,由通常的紡紗裝置,以280℃溶融紡紗,以2800m/的速度牽引,捲取而不延伸,得到半延伸之56dtex/36fil之聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯紗條。
接著,使用該聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯紗條,以1.6倍的延伸倍率,2500T/m(S方向)的假撚數,180℃的加熱器溫度,350m/分的紗速之條件,進行同時延伸假撚捲縮加工。
另外,使用該聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯紗條,以1.6倍的延伸倍率,2500T/m(Z方向)的假撚數,180℃的加熱器溫度,350m/分的紗速之條件,進行同時延伸假撚捲縮加工。
接著,將此等具有S方向扭矩之假撚捲縮加工紗及具有Z方向扭矩之假撚捲縮加工紗進行合紗,進行交織加工(交絡處理),得到複合紗(66dtex/72fil,捲縮率為16%,扭矩為0T/m)。交織加工係使用交織噴嘴,超餵率(overfeed rate)為1.0%,壓空壓為0.3MPa(3kgf/cm2),施予交織(交絡)50個/m。
接著,配置該複合紗於經紗及緯紗,使用通常的噴水織機,織成平織織物(僅前述複合紗所構成之織物)。
接著,使用U型Sofusa(擴布連續精練機),於95℃下擴布精練前述織物後,使用液流染色機,於溫度120℃下進行鬆弛處理。接著,使用拉幅機,於溫度190℃下中間定型該織物。接著,使用液流染色機,於溫度130℃下藉由分散染料進行染色加工後,施以後述之潑水加工。
潑水加工係使用後述之加工劑,以壓吸率80%榨液,以130℃乾燥3分鐘後,以170℃進行熱處理45秒。
<加工劑組成>
‧氟系潑水劑8.0wt%
(旭硝子(股)製,AashiGuard E系列AG-E061 PFOA:未達1ng/g,PFOS:未達1ng/g)
‧三聚氰胺樹脂0.3wt%
(住友化學(股)製,Sumitex Resin M-3)
‧催化劑0.3wt%
(住友化學(股)製,Sumitex Accelerator ACX)
‧水91.4wt%
接著,使用拉幅機,於溫度170℃下最終定型該織物。接著,以滾輪溫度150℃,線壓300N/cm,對該織物進行輾光加工,得到潑水性織物。
如此所得之潑水性織物,厚度為0.15mm,單位面積重量為92g/m2,膨鬆性為1.67,經密度為132支/2.54cm,緯密度為112支/2.54cm,織片覆蓋係數為1890,緯延伸性為7%,滾落角度為18度。於該潑水性織物表面形成蓮葉狀之微細凹凸,該潑水性織物係潑水性優異者。並且,因為該潑水性織物係附著前述之潑水劑,所以該潑水性織物為環保織物。
使用相關的潑水性織物,縫製風衣(運動衣料),試驗者穿著該風衣時,該風衣之潑水性優異。
[比較例1]
除了於實施例1中,不使聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯所形成之假撚捲縮加工紗(56dtex/72fil,捲縮率為14%,扭矩為45T/m)形成複合紗,以單獨紗配置於經紗及緯紗以外,與實施例1同樣地進行。
所得之潑水性織物,厚度為0.09mm,單位面積重量為75g/m2,膨鬆性為1.16,經密度為148支/2.54cm,緯密度為120支/2.54cm,織片覆蓋係數為1900,緯延伸性為4%,滾落角度為26度。該潑水性織物雖為環保織物,但為潑水性差者。
並且,使用相關的潑水性織物,縫製風衣(運動衣料),試驗者穿著該風衣時,該風衣之潑水性差。
產業上利用性
依據本發明,可得到環保潑水性織物,具有優異的潑水性之潑水性織物、及使用該潑水性織物而成之衣料,其具有極大的工業上價值。

Claims (5)

  1. 一種潑水性織物,其係織物上附著全氟辛酸及全氟辛烷磺酸之合計濃度為0~5ng/g之氟系潑水劑而成之潑水性織物,其特徵為含有含具有S方向扭矩之假撚捲縮加工紗及具有Z方向扭矩之假撚捲縮加工紗,且構成之纖維之單紗纖度為1dtex以下,且長纖數為50支以上,且捲縮率為16~25%之複合紗,且施以輾光(calendering)加工,且於織物表面形成蓮葉狀之微細凹凸,且織物之潑水滾落角度為22度以下。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之潑水性織物,其中對前述複合紗,以交織個數35~90個/m,施以交織(Interlace)加工。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之潑水性織物,其中織物之織片覆蓋係數(Cover Factor)係於1500~2800之範圍內。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之潑水性織物,其中依據JIS L 1018測定之織物膨鬆性為1.30以上。
  5. 一種衣料,其係使用如申請專利範圍第1項至第4項中任一項之潑水性織物而成。
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