TWI472809B - 反光物品製程 - Google Patents

反光物品製程 Download PDF

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TWI472809B
TWI472809B TW102137333A TW102137333A TWI472809B TW I472809 B TWI472809 B TW I472809B TW 102137333 A TW102137333 A TW 102137333A TW 102137333 A TW102137333 A TW 102137333A TW I472809 B TWI472809 B TW I472809B
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reflective
layer
substrate
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colorant
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TW201415090A (zh
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Chien Min Wu
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Cing Wai Kung Mau Company
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41H—APPLIANCES OR METHODS FOR MAKING CLOTHES, e.g. FOR DRESS-MAKING OR FOR TAILORING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • A41H43/00—Other methods, machines or appliances
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/08—Mirrors
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/79—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/08—Processes in which the treating agent is applied in powder or granular form
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/0004—General aspects of dyeing
    • D06P1/0012—Effecting dyeing to obtain luminescent or phosphorescent dyeings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/52—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing synthetic macromolecular substances
    • D06P1/5264—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
    • D06P1/5285—Polyurethanes; Polyurea; Polyguanides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06Q—DECORATING TEXTILES
    • D06Q1/00—Decorating textiles
    • D06Q1/04—Decorating textiles by metallising
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06Q—DECORATING TEXTILES
    • D06Q1/00—Decorating textiles
    • D06Q1/10—Decorating textiles by treatment with, or fixation of, a particulate material, e.g. mica, glass beads
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
    • G02B5/126—Reflex reflectors including curved refracting surface
    • G02B5/128—Reflex reflectors including curved refracting surface transparent spheres being embedded in matrix

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Outerwear In General, And Traditional Japanese Garments (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Description

反光物品製程
本發明係關於一種反光膜之製備方法。本發明亦關使用所得反光膜製造反光物件，尤其是具有高反射性之反光布料之方法，其可依需求顯現不同之顏色。
傳統上欲製備反光物品，大多係於物體之表面以反光劑或螢光粉等加以直接噴塗，其為反光劑本身化學顏料鮮豔色彩之呈現，或者為螢光粉化學特性之發揮，使得肉眼可見一極具顯耀之彩度，即為一般人所謂之「反光效果」。然而該反光劑等顏料係因加入黏著劑、硬化劑而達附著於物件表面，所噴覆之劑料呈厚度無法均佈之情形。而反光物質其材料為軟質之膠層、漆層，於長期使用下因反覆擦拭等磨損性，將造成該反光劑層之褪去，且反光劑層因經常曝露於陽光、水份等之下，亦將逐漸褪色或變質，造成反光效果衰退，因此該種反光物品具有功效穩定性無法持久維護之缺點。
另外，工業上亦利用比較細小的玻璃珠來製造反光物體之反光面。隨著合成樹脂及各領域科技水準的發展提高，市場上已存在一些運用玻璃微珠、合成樹脂、帶有金屬的薄膜、塗層技術等所研製的反光薄膜。反光織物則是隨著合成樹脂、社會發展的需要在定向反光薄膜的基礎上開發出來的。
反光織物作為安全功能性產品已廣泛應用於交通、環衛、公安 等特殊行業戶外工作人員夜間作業的工作裝。當其穿著和攜帶反光材料的人員在夜間工作或行走時，由於其回歸反射(retroreflective)的功能使駕駛員在遠距離即可發現目標，從而避免事故的發生。對於一般人而言均有不同程度的夜間活動，因此在其服裝、鞋帽、包、雨具等加上反光布，可以提高自身的安全性。反光布提高安全性的程度以其反光強度衡量，反光強度越高，醒目效果越好，駕駛員發現目標的距離越遠。此外，作為服裝服飾用的安全功能性反光布除了要求具有較高的反光強度外，還必須保證穿著的要求如耐洗、耐磨、防水等特性。
習知之反光物品之製作法，如圖1所示，大體上是藉由銀漿2加上膠液摻雜混合後，再塗佈於所欲覆層之基材1上(如布、紙、塑膠皮等)，然後直接將玻璃微珠3塗撒於黏性之膠液上即完成。然而，習知之反光物品只能呈現銀色之效果。
因此，尋求一種能有效反射不同色彩之反光物品，並同時具耐洗、耐磨、防水等特性，並且具有製備成本低，可應用在各式各樣之基材(特別是織品)之功能，仍為現今產業所期盼之目標。
有鑑於此，本發明提供一種製備反光膜之方法，以有效解決上述問題。本發明之方法包括下列步驟：(a)提供第一基材，並於其上形成離型膠層；(b)於該離型膠層上施加反光微粒，其中該等反光微粒之部分體積係埋於該離型膠層內；(c)於該等反光微粒及該離型膠層上施加色料；(d)移除部分色料，使該色料並未完全覆蓋該等反光微粒；及(e)於該色料及該等反光微粒上形成反射層。
本發明亦關一種製造反光物件之方法，其除包括上述(a)-(e)步驟 外，進一步包含下列步驟：(f)提供第二基材，並使步驟(e)所得該反射層藉由熱熔膠貼合於該第二基材上；及(g)將該第一基材自離型膠層上移除。
依據本發明所製得之反光物件，在入射光光源微弱的時候，可呈現所使用色料之顏色，當強光源入射時，仍發揮高亮度銀色反光之效果，並於周邊餘光顯現色料顏色。本發明之反光物件其利用高折射回歸反射原理，有良好的反射性能，尤其在夜間，該等反光物品能夠發揮高能見度，同時突破傳統反光死角，能夠在各種不同的角度下看到反光。
1‧‧‧第二基材
2‧‧‧反射層/銀漿
3‧‧‧反光微粒/玻璃微珠
4‧‧‧色料層
5‧‧‧離型膠層
6‧‧‧第一基材
圖1顯示習知之反光物品。
圖2為本發明反光物品之例示。
上述步驟茲參考所附圖2進一步說明如下：首先提供第一基材6，並於其上形成離型膠層5；將反光微粒3施加於該離型膠層5上，其中該等反光微粒3之部分體積埋於該離型膠層5內；於該等反光微粒3及該離型膠層5上施加色料形成一色料層；移除部分色料，使該色料層4並未完全覆蓋該等反光微粒3；於該色料層4及該等反光微粒3上形成反射層2；提供第二基材1，並使該反射層2藉由熱熔膠貼合於該第二基材1上；及將該第一基材6自離型膠層上移除。
適用於本發明第一基材之材料例如，但不限於聚酯，諸如聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylene terephthalate，PET)，或紙類。
適用於本發明離型膠層之材料包括，但不限於：聚酯樹脂、聚苯乙烯樹脂、聚烯烴樹脂、矽氧樹脂或其組合。根據本發明之較佳實施例，該離型膠層係包括矽氧樹脂。
適用於本發明之反光微粒較佳為具有高折射率之透明顆粒，其例如，但不限於：玻璃、陶瓷或合成樹脂或其組合。根據本發明之較佳具體實施例，其係包括玻璃微粒。根據本發明，該反光微粒之粒徑約為0.05mm至0.35mm，較佳約為0.1mm至0.2mm。本發明之反光微粒較佳藉由塗佈或靜電排列植佈方式而施加於離型膠層上，其中該等反光微粒之部分體積係埋於該離型膠層內。
本發明所使用之色料可吸收特定波長的光，使可具有單一顏色或一種以上之顏色。色料之組成除包含所需顏料外，另包括例如，但不限於：聚合物或油墨。適合用於本發明中的顏料，可為本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者所熟知的任何顏料。根據本發明之具體實施例，其係為包含聚氨酯之色漿。根據本發明，塗佈色料後所形成的色料層厚度約為0.001至0.050mm，較佳的厚度約為0.002至0.010mm。
本發明之反射層可反射穿透上述反光微粒之入射光，並使其再進入反光微粒。根據本發明，該反射層係形成於該色料及該等反光微粒上，該反射層完全覆蓋反光微粒。該反射層可藉由塗佈金屬粉塗料或真空電鍍金屬的方式形成，該金屬較佳為鋁。根據本發明之具體實施例，所形成反射層的厚度約為0.01至0.10mm，較佳的厚度約為0.05至0.08mm。
根據本發明之方法，所形成之色料層並未完全覆蓋該等反光微粒。頃發現，若色料層完全覆蓋該等反光微粒，則會造成光線被色料層所阻隔而無法藉由反射層反射光線。
本發明所使用熱熔膠之作用主要是使反射層與第二基材貼合，根據較佳具體實施例，熱熔膠可包括聚氨基甲酸酯(PU)。
適用於本發明之第二基材，並無特殊限制，可為任何熟習此項技術之人士所熟知者，端視所應用產品之設計而定，其例如而不限 於：布料、玻璃、金屬、塑膠、碳纖、玻纖或上述所形成之複合材料。
本發明之方法中，離型層、色料層或反射層之形成可用塗佈或熟習此項技術之人士所熟知的其他方式。塗佈方法例如包括但不限於：刮刀式塗佈(knife coating)、滾輪塗佈(roller coating)、柔版塗覆(flexographic coating)、熱傳遞塗覆(thermal transfer coat)、微凹版印刷塗佈(micro gravure coating)、流塗(flow coating)、簾塗(curtain coating)、旋塗(spin coating)、噴霧式塗佈(spray coating)、線杆塗佈(bar coating)、狹縫式模壓塗佈(slot die coating)、凸版印刷塗佈(gravure coating)、斜板式塗佈(slide coating)或其它習知方法、或上述方法之組合。
本發明之方法中，移除部分色料之目的在於使該色料並未完全覆蓋該等反光微粒，該部分色料可藉由物理方法、化學方法或熟習此項技術之人士所熟知的方式移除，例如使用刮刀移除或利用溶劑移除等。
根據本發明之一具體實施態樣，在施加色料後及在移除部分色料前，可施加適當壓力於該等反光微粒上，使其與離型膠層更為緊密，例如可利用壓機(press machine)施壓、延壓(calendering)、碾壓(compaction)或滾輪壓實(rollor compaction)等方式實施。
以下將以具體實施態樣以進一步說明本發明，惟需說明者，此等例示態樣僅用於例示本發明，非用以限制本發明之範圍。任何於此領域中具有通常知識者可輕易達成之修飾及改變均包括於本案說明書揭示內容及所附申請專利範圍之範圍內。
實施例 實施例1：反光布之製備
本實施例的反光布係透過下列步驟所得： (a)提供PET，並於其上塗佈矽氧樹脂；(b)將粒徑約0.1至0.2mm之玻璃微珠以靜電值佈於該矽氧樹脂上，其中該等玻璃微珠之部分體積埋於該矽氧樹脂內；(c)將聚氨酯色漿塗佈於該等玻璃微珠及該矽氧樹脂上，以形成厚度約0.010mm之塗佈層，接著利用滾輪壓實經色漿塗佈之該等玻璃微珠；(d)使用刮刀移除部分聚氨酯色漿，控制移除之量使該聚氨酯色漿並未完全覆蓋該等反光微粒，該聚氨酯色漿之塗佈層之厚度減至約0.005mm；(e)將鋁粉塗料塗佈於該聚氨酯色漿及該等玻璃微珠上；(f)提供布料，並使該鋁粉塗料藉由熱溶膠貼合於該布料上；及(g)將該PET自矽氧樹脂剝離。
實施例2：反光布之反光性能測試
根據EN471標準，取依上述實施例1之步驟所製備之黃色(使用黃色色漿)及藍色(使用藍色色漿)反光布，委託由車輛研究測試中心(ARTC)做反射性能測試；此外，亦取所製備之銀灰色(使用銀灰色色漿)反光布，透過瑞士通用驗證集團(SGS)(台灣為委託台灣檢驗科技股份有限公司)做反射性能測試，綜合之數據如下表所示：EN 471
數據顯現，本發明之反光布具有相當優異之反射數據，其反光數據與底部色澤具有關聯性。而當觀測角越大時，測量值越易超過標準值。此外，依據本發明所製備之反光布具有色彩活潑之特質，在日間不會造成視覺擾亂(即產生令人不舒服的反射光)，而在昏暗及夜間的環境時可發揮反光及安全之效果。
1‧‧‧第二基材
2‧‧‧反射層/銀漿
3‧‧‧反光微粒/玻璃微珠
4‧‧‧色料層
5‧‧‧離型膠層
6‧‧‧第一基材

Claims (9)

  1. 一種製備反光膜之方法，其包括下列步驟：(a)提供第一基材，並於其上形成離型膠層；(b)於該離型膠層上施加反光微粒，其中該等反光微粒之部分體積係埋於該離型膠層內；(c)於該等反光微粒及該離型膠層上施加色料；(d)移除部分色料，使該色料並未完全覆蓋該等反光微粒；及(e)於該色料及該等反光微粒上形成反射層。
  2. 一種製備反光物件之方法，其包括如請求項1所述之步驟(a)-(e)並進一步包括下列步驟：(f)提供第二基材，並使步驟(e)所形成的該反射層藉由熱熔膠貼合於該第二基材上；及(g)將該第一基材自離型膠層移除。
  3. 如請求項1或2之方法，其中在步驟(c)及(d)之間進一步包括下列步驟：施加壓力於該等反光微粒上。
  4. 如請求項1或2之方法，其中該第一基材係包含聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)。
  5. 如請求項1或2之方法，其中該反光微粒包含玻璃微粒。
  6. 如請求項1或2之方法，其中該色料包含聚氨酯色漿。
  7. 如請求項1或2之方法，其中該反射層包含鋁。
  8. 如請求項1或2之方法，其中該反光微粒係以靜電植佈之方式施加於該離型膠層上。
  9. 如請求項2之方法，其中該第二基材為布料。
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