TWI333363B - Mehtod for a publishing user to publish digital content and issue to itself a corresponding digital publisher license to allow itself to render the published digital content - Google Patents

Mehtod for a publishing user to publish digital content and issue to itself a corresponding digital publisher license to allow itself to render the published digital content Download PDF

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TWI333363B
TWI333363B TW093104488A TW93104488A TWI333363B TW I333363 B TWI333363 B TW I333363B TW 093104488 A TW093104488 A TW 093104488A TW 93104488 A TW93104488 A TW 93104488A TW I333363 B TWI333363 B TW I333363B
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Taiwan
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content
drm
entity
license
voucher
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TW093104488A
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TW200503500A (en
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Steve Bourne
Blair Brewster Dillaway
Pierre Jacomet
Rushmi U Malaviarachchi
Kumar B Parambir
Yevgeniy Eugene Rozenfeld
Chandramouli Venkatesh
Charles F Rose
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Microsoft Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/10Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for controlling access to devices or network resources
    • H04L63/104Grouping of entities
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J49/00Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J49/75Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor of water softeners
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D35/00Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/14Safety devices specially adapted for filtration; Devices for indicating clogging
    • B01D35/147Bypass or safety valves
    • B01D35/1475Pressure relief valves or pressure control valves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D39/00Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D39/00Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/20Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
    • B01D39/2055Carbonaceous material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J47/00Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J47/014Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor in which the adsorbent properties of the ion-exchanger are involved, e.g. recovery of proteins or other high-molecular compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/008Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/58Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F5/00Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
    • C02F5/08Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21KNON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/10Protecting distributed programs or content, e.g. vending or licensing of copyrighted material ; Digital rights management [DRM]
    • G06F21/107License processing; Key processing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/16Valves
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/18Removal of treatment agents after treatment
    • C02F2303/185The treatment agent being halogen or a halogenated compound
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2463/00Additional details relating to network architectures or network communication protocols for network security covered by H04L63/00
    • H04L2463/101Additional details relating to network architectures or network communication protocols for network security covered by H04L63/00 applying security measures for digital rights management

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Technology Law (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Storage Device Security (AREA)
  • Signal Processing For Digital Recording And Reproducing (AREA)

Description

1333363 玫、發明説明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明關種用數位權利管理(DRM)系統。尤其是, 本發明關於一種應用DRM系統以發 ' 中,例如辦公室或公司或相似者,丁/位内容於組織 執行與使用可根據對應使用或許可項目 織中對内合之 關於一種不需聯絡伺服器以同意發行内:制。纟發明尤指 服器以同意發給其本身一發行者使:’及不需聯絡词 行内容。 1 吏用許可證,以執行已發 【先前技術】 數位權利管理及實施已高度需要結合數位内容,像是 數位音頻、數位視頻、數位文字、數位資料、數位多媒體 4等’其中數㈣容欲散佈至—或多個使用者。數位内容 可為靜態’例如像是文字文件,或可為…像是即時事 件的串流音頻/視頻。散佈的典型模式包含有形跋置,像是 磕(軟)碟、磁帶、光(壓縮)碟(CD)等等,及無形媒體,像 市電子佈告攔、電子網路、網際網路等等。在使用者接收 後,使用者藉由適當執行裝置的幫助執行或「播放」數位 内容,像是個人電腦上之媒鱧播放器或相似者。 可為一首歌、一張 在一種情況中,内容擁有者或權利擁有者,像是作者、 $版商、播送者等等,希望散佈數位内容至各使用者或參 、者’交換許可費或其他方式》然而,纟此情況中,内容 片 一部電影等等,且散佈的目的為 3 1333363 產 希 制 再 用 費 實 望 放 放 員 或 此 型 散 料 容 且 的 限 複 内容擁有者,如果 :佈的數位内容上) 擁有者會想要限制 用者,至少以第二 式而加以拒絕。 擁有者會希望提供 用許可證的彈性, 許可證。舉例來說 容僅有限次數播放 器播放、僅於特定 用者播放等等。 ,内容建立者,像 容至一或多個其他 人’但想要避免其 像是以機密或受限 換許可費用或其他 中,内容可為文件 是像可交換於辦公 保内容保持於組織 執行,例如像是競 對接收者再利用已 說,内容擁有者想 第二使用者,至少 生許可費用。這類 望對使用者在已背 。舉例來說,内容 散佈内容至第二使 予内容擁有者的方 除此之外,内容 用購買不同類型使 上購買何種類型的 允許已散佈數位内 、僅於特定類型機 、僅被特定類型使 在另一種情況中 ,希望散佈數位内 至其他組之外的個 ,所散佈的内容較 内容,相對於以交 佈的内容。 然而,在此情況 庫、電子郵件,或 建立者可能希望確 不被非授權的個人 ,内容建立者希望 做出限制。舉例來 製與再散佈内容至 可以選擇的話,會 开能作的事做出限 使用者不得複製與 使用者未付許可費 使用者以不同許可 同時掌握使用者事 ’内容擁有者會希 、僅特定總時數播 類型媒體播放器播 是組織中員工或會 組織中員工或會員 他人執行内容。在 的方式共用的組織 方式之廣泛形式所 簡報、試算表、資 室設定中者,而内 或辦公室設定中, 爭者或對手。同樣 散佈數位内容的權 要限制使用者不得 不得將内容曝露至
4 允許執行内容的個人範圍以外的方式。 除此之外,内容建立者可能希望提供給不同的接收者 不同程度的執行權利。舉例來說’内容建立者可能希望允 許保護的數位内容可被一類個人檢閱但不可被列印但可 被另一類個人檢閱及列印。 然而,不論哪一種情況,在散佈發生後,内容擁有者/ 建立者對於數位内容的控制極為有限。尤其問題在於事實 上各個人電腦包含必須實際數位複製數位内容的軟體與硬 體,及下載實際數位複製至可寫入磁碟或光碟,或透過如 網際網路的網路傳送實際數位複製至另一目的地。 當然,在内容散佈的處理部份中,内容擁有者/建立者 可能需要數位内容的使用者/接收者保證不以不受歡迎的 方式再散佈數位内容。然而,保證很容易做成且很容易打 破。内容擁有者/建立者可能想要避免透過任何已知安全裝 置的再散佈,通常加入加密與解密。然而,似乎很難避免 溫和決定的使用者解密已加密的數位内容,以未加密的方 式儲存數位内容,然後將其再散佈。 然而,存在用以提供數位權利管理(DRM)與執行架構 及允許控制數位内容任意形式的執行或播放的方法的需 求’其中控制為彈性且可被數位内容的内容擁有者/建立者 疋義。特定言之,存在允許與促進此控制執行的架構的需 求,尤其是在辦公室或組織環境,或類似文件欲於定義群 組的個人或個人類別間共用者。更甚而言之,存在此架構 允許欲發行的内容不須先獲得來自伺服器的許可,且允許 5 1333363 發行個人核發本身使用母可蛾 ^ 1之用許了姐,不需聯絡伺服器的許可以 執行發行的内容的需求。 【發明内容】
前述需求至少部分由本發明滿足,其中發行使用者發 行數位内谷且核發本身對應的數位發行者許可證,以允許 本身執行發行的數位内容。發行使用者提供有來自數位權 利管理(DRM)飼服器的發行憑證,其中發行憑證具有公開 金鑰(PU-OLP)及以與發行使用者相關的公開金鑰 (PU-ENTITY)加密的對應私密金鑰(PR-〇Lp),以形成 (PU-ENTITY(PR-OLP))。
内容根據内容金鑰(CK)建立與加密,且權利標籤為加 密的内容以DRM伺服器的公開金鑰(PU-DRM)加密以形成 (PU-DRM(CK))產生。(PU-ENTITY(PR-OLP))自發行憑證取 得,對應(PU-ENTITY)的私密金鑰(PR-ENTITY)用於 (PU-ENTITY(PR-OLP))以獲得(PR-OLP),且產生的權利標 籤以(PR-OLP)簽署,以產生簽署的權利標籤(SRL)。產生 的SRL與發行憑證接著序連至加密的内容’以形成可散佈 至另一.使用者的内容封包,其必須聯絡D R Μ飼服器以獲 得對應具有(CK)的許可證,以執行其中加密的内容。重要 的是,僅此DRM伺服器具有對應(PU_DRM)的私密金錄 (PR-DRM),且可將(PR-DRM)用於(PU_DRM(CK)),以獲得 (CK” 對應内容封包的許可資料亦產生’且具有由 6 1333363 (PU-ΕΝΤΙΤΥ)加密的(CK),以形成(PU-ENTITY(CK)),產 生的許可資料以(PR-OLP)簽署,以產生發行者許可證,且 發行憑證附加於發行者許可證。僅具有對應(PR-ENTITY) 的(PR-ENTITY)的發行使用者可將此(PR-ENTITY)用於來 自發行者許可證的(PU-ENTITY(CK)),以獲得(CK),且藉 此解密其加密的内容,以執行。 特別的是,發行使用者根據憑證鏈驗證發行憑證,自 發行憑證獲得(PU-OLP),且應用獲得的(PU-OLP),以驗證 發行者許可證的簽章。此後,發行使用者自驗證的發行者 許可證取出(PU-ENTITY(CK)),將對應至(PU-ΕΝΤΙΤΥ)的 私密金鑰(PR-ENTITY)用於(PU-ENTITY(CK))以獲得 (CK),且將(CK)用於(CK(content))導致内容。内容接著傳 給執行應用程式以實際執行。 【實施方式】 計算環境 第1圖與下列說明欲提供本發明可實施的適當計算環 境的一般簡短說明。然而,應了解手持式、可攜式與其他 所有類型的計算裝置可用於本發明中。然而下述的一般目 的電腦僅為範例說明,而本發明僅需要具有可互相操作與 互動的網路伺服器的薄型用戶端。因此,本發明可實施於 網路主機服務的環境中,其中内含極少的用戶資源,如用 戶裝置僅服務至全球資訊網的瀏覽器與介面的網路環境。 雖然不需要,本發明可經由應用程式介面(API)實施’ 7 1333363
對研發者的使用來說,及/或包含於由一或多台電腦執行之 如程式模組的電腦可執行指令的一般内容的網路瀏覽軟體 中,像是用戶工作站、伺服器或其他裝置。一般來說,程 式模組包含副程式、程式、物件、元件、資料結構與執行 特定工作或執行特定簡要資料類型之相似者。一般來說, 程式模組的功能若有需要可結合或散佈於各個實施例中。 此外,熟知該項技藝者應了解本發明可以其他電腦系統架 構實施。其他可適合用於本發明的已知計算系統、環境及/ 或架構包含但不限於個人電腦(pc)、自動櫃員機、伺服電 腦、手持式或膝上型裝置、多處理器系統、微處理器型系 統、可程式化顧客電子產品、網路P C、迷你第腦、主機電 腦等等。本發明亦可實施於分散式計算環境中,其中遠端 處理裝置透過通訊網路或其他資料傳輸媒體連結執行工 作。在分散式計算環境中,程式模組可置於區域與遠端電 腦儲存媒體中,包含記憶體儲存裝置。
因此第1圖舉例說明本發明可實施的適當計算系統環 境1 00的範例,雖然上述已清楚說明,計算系統環境100 僅為適當計算環境之一範例,且並非僅建議限制於本發明 的使用或功能範圍。計算環境1 00不需具有任何與範例作 業環境1 00中說明的任一或結合元件相關的需求。 請參閱第1圖,係執行本發明的範例系統,包含電腦 110形式的一般目的計算裝置。電腦110的元件可包含但 不限於處理單元1 2 0、系統記憶體1 3 0及系統匯流排1 2 1, 其將包含系統記憶體的不同系統元件耦合至處理單元 8 1333363 1 20。系統匯流排1 2 1可為杠/5Γ虹, /L Λ 两任何類型的匯流排結構,包括記 憶體薩流排或記憶體控制器、周邊匯流排及使用任何匯流 排架構的區域匯流排。冑例來說但不限於,此架構包含工 業標準架構(ISA)匯流排、微通道架構(mca)匯流排、增加 ISA(EISA)匯流排、影像電子標準關聯(VESA)區域匯流排 及周邊兀件互連(pci)匯流排(亦稱為Mezzanine匯流排)。 電腦110 —般來說包含各種不同的電腦可讀取媒體。 電腦可讀取媒體可為任何可由電腦存取的可用媒體, 且包含有揮發性及非揮發性媒體、可移除及不可移除媒 體。藉由範例但不限於此,電腦可讀取媒體可包含有電腦 儲存媒體及通訊媒體。電腦儲存媒體包含有可執行於任何 方法寄技術中之揮發性及非揮發性媒體、可移除及不可移 除媒體用以儲存資訊,像是電腦可讀取指令、資料結構、 程式模組或其他資料。電腦健存媒體包含有但不限於 RAM、ROM、EEPROM、快閃記憶體或其他記憶體技術、 CDROM、數位萬用碟(DVD)或其他光碟儲存、磁匣、磁帶、 磁碟儲存或其他磁性儲存裝置,或可用於儲存想要資訊且 可被電腦110存取的任何其他媒體。通訊媒體一般實施電 腦可讀取指令、資料結構、程式模組或其他資料於模組化 資料信號中,像是載波或其他運送機制,且包含有任何資 訊傳遞媒體。「模組化資料訊號J —詞意思是具有一或多個 其特徵組或依其方式變化以编碼信號中資訊之信號。藉由 範例’但非加以限制,通訊媒體包含有線媒體,像是有線 網路或直接連線連接’以及無線媒體,像是聲響、射頻、 9 363 紅外線或其他無線媒體。任何上述的結合亦應包含於電腦 可讀取媒體的範圍中。 系統記憶體1 3 0包含有揮發性及/或非揮發性記憶體 形式知電腦儲存媒體,像是唯讀記憶體(R〇M)131及隨機 存取記憶體(RAM)132。基本輸出/入系統133(BIOS)含有幫 助如於開機期間傳送電腦110 t元件間資訊的基本程式一 般來說儲存於ROM 1 3 1中。RAM 132 —般來說含有中間存 取至及/cji4目前操作於處 模組。藉由範例但不加以限制,第1圖舉例說明了作業系 統134、應用程式135、其他程式模組136及程式資料137。 電腦110亦可包含有其他可移除/不可移除、揮發性/ 非揮發性電腦儲存媒體。僅用以舉例說明,第1圖 明了讀取或寫入不可移除、非揮發性磁性媒體的硬碟震置 141、讀取或寫入可移除、非揮發性磁碟152的磁 裝置 151及讀取或寫入可移除、非揮發性光碟156的杏 155 ’像是CD ROM或其他光學媒體。可用於範例 案環 境中的其他可移除/不可移除、揮發性/非揮發性雷 电拖ϊ悔f存_ 媒體包含但不限於磁帶匣、快閃記憶卡、數位茧田池 两用碟;物 為影帶、固態RAM、固態ROM等等β硬碟裝置 且1 4 1 一般 來說透過如介面140之不可移除記憶體介面連接於 、糸紙匯 流排121,且磁碟裝置151及光碟裝置155 一般央 ♦祝猶如 介面1 5 0之可移除記憶體介面連接於系統匯流排丨2 ^ 上述及第1圖中所示之裝置及其相關電腦儲存 丁释體提 供電腦可讀取指令、資料結構程式模組及電腦lln + 之其他 10 1333363
資料之儲存。舉例來說,在第1圖中,硬碟裝置141以儲 存作業系統1 44、應用程式1 45、其他程式模組1 46及程式 資料1 4 7舉例說明。應注意這些元件可與作業系統1 3 4、 應用程式135、其他程式模組136及程式資料137相同或 不同。作業系統 144、應用程式 145、其他程式模組 146 及程式資料147在此給予不同編號以舉例說明至少其為不 同副本。使用者可透過輸入裝置輸入指令與資訊至電腦 11 0中,像是鍵盤1 62與指標裝置1 6 1,一般稱為滑鼠、軌 跡球或觸控板。其它輸入裝置(未顯示)可包含有麥克風、 搖桿、遊戲板、衛星碟、掃描器等等。這些與其它輸入裝 置通常透過耦合至系統匯流排121的使用者輸入介面160 連接於處理單元 1 2 0,但可由其他介面與匯流排結構連 接,像是並列埠、遊戲埠或通用序列埠(USB)。
螢幕191或其他類型顯示裝置亦可經由介面連接於系 統匯流排1 2 1,像是視訊介面1 9 0。如北橋的圖形介面1 8 2 以可連接於系統匯流排1 2 1。北橋係與CPU或主機處理單 元120通訊的晶片組,且價可對加速圖形埠(AGP)通訊負 責。一或多個圖形處理單元(GPU) 184可與圖形介面182通 訊。在此,GPU 1 84 —般包含有如暫存器儲存的晶片上記 憶體儲存,而GPU 1 84與視訊記憶體1 86通訊。然而’ GPU 並非附處理器的範例,且因此各種不同的附處理裝置可包 含於電腦110中。螢幕191或其他類型的顯示裝置亦可經 由介面連接於系統匯流排1 2 1,像是影像介面1 9 0,其可依 次與影像記憶體1 8 6通訊。除了螢幕1 9 1之外,電腦亦可 11 1333363 包含有其他周邊輸出裝置,像是喇Ά 197與印表機196, 其可透過輸出周邊介面195連接。
電腦110可利用區域連接至一或多台遠端電腦操作於 網路電腦中,像是遠端電腦180。遠端電腦180可為個人 電腦、伺服器、路由器、網路P C、同等裝置或其他通用網 路節點,且一般來說包含有上述與電腦1 1 0相關的許多或 所有元件,雖然僅記憶體儲存裝置1 8 1舉例說明於第1圖 中。第 1圖中描述的區域連接包含有區域網路(LAN) 1 7 1 與廣域網路(WAN) 1 73,但亦可包含有其他網路。此網路環 境通常於辦公室、專業型電腦網路、内部網路與網際網路 中 〇
當用於LAN網路環境中時,電腦11 0係透過網路介面 或轉接器170連接於LAN 171。當用於WAN網路環境中 時,電腦110 —般包含有數據機172或其他裝置,用以透 過WAN 1 73產生通訊,像是網際網路。可為内部或外部的 數據機172可經由使用者輸入介面160或其他適當機制連 接至系統匯流排1 2 1。在網路環境中,描述與電腦11 0或 其部分相關的程式模組可儲存於遠端記憶體儲存裝置中。 藉由範例,但並非加以限制,第1圖舉例說明了遠端應用 程式1 8 5位於記憶體裝置1 8 1中。應了解所示的網路連接 係範例,且可使用產生電腦間通訊連結的其他裝置。 熟知該項記憶人士應了解電腦110或其他用戶裝置可 配置為部分電腦網路。在此,本發明關於具有任何數量的 記憶體或儲存單元及發生於任何數量的儲存單元或量的任 12 1333363 何數量的應用扫々& + 川程式與處理的任何電腦系統。本發明可 於具有伺服電脞命 ’用 电觸與用戶電腦配置於網路環境中的環 有遠端或區垴株― , Μ傾存。本發明亦可用於獨立計算裝置,1 程式語言錢、直譯與八有 分散式計算設備透過直接交換計算裝置與系統間共用 電腦資源與服務。g些資源與服務包含有交換資訊快取 儲存及磁碟儲存的稽案。分散式計算利用網路連接,允, 用戶槓桿作業其收集能量以利用整個專業系統。在此,各 種不同的裝置可具有可互動以未信賴圖形管線產生本發明 权權技術的應用程式、物件或資源。 第2圖提供範例網路或分散式計算環境的架構圖。八 散式計算環境包含有計算物件丨〇a、丨〇b等等及畔 π v异物件戋 裴置110a、110b、U〇c等等。物件可包含有相同或不同裝 置的部分’像是PDA、電視、MP3播放器、電 " 腦等等。各物件可以通訊網路14的方式與另一物件通訊
此網路本身可奔含有其他計算物件與計算 S _ ^ 、夏’提供服務 第2圖的系統。根據本發明的角度,各物件1〇戋1 可含有可要求本發明信賴圖形排線的授 j U〇 议術的應用程 口v切rt* 1位於另 亦應了解如 。丨异裒置1〇 Λ 110上。因此,雖然所述的實體環境可顯示如電腦 或 裝置,此舉例說明僅為範例,且實體環境 、連接
、J拖迷為4 A 有不同數位裝置,像是PDA、電視、Mp3播玟器马匕含 體物件,像是介面、COM物件等等。 等軟 13 1333363 有各種不同系統、元件及網路架構支援分散式計算環 境。舉例來說,計算系統可由線路或無線系統與區域網路 或廣分散式網路共同連接*目前,許多網路耦合至網際網 路,其提供廣分散式計算之基礎架構且包含許多不同網路。 在家用網路環境中’至少有四個分開的網路傳送媒 體,可各支援唯一通訊協定,像是電源線、資料(無線及有 線)、聲音(如電話)與娛樂媒體。如光開關與裝置的大部分 家用控制裝置玎使用電源線以連接。資料服務可以寬頻(如 DSL或電纜線數據機)輸入家庭中,且可利用無線(H〇meRF 或802.lib)或有線(Home PNA、Cat 5、甚至電源線)連接於 家庭中存取。聲音傳輸可有線(如Cat 3)或無線(如行動電 話)進入家庭中’且可利用Cat3線路分散於家庭中,娱樂 媒體可透過衛星或電纜線進入家庭中,且一般來說可利用 同軸電纜分散於家庭中。IEEE 1394與D VI亦形成媒體裝 置的叢集的的數位内連。所有網路環境與其他可行成通訊 協定標準者可互連以形成内部網路,可以網際網路的方式 連接於外部世界。簡言之’各種不同分別的資源為資料儲 存與傳輸而存在,且接著,甚而,計算裝置會需要方法保 護所有資料處理管線部份的内容。 網際網路」一般稱為利用TCP/IP組通訊協定的網路 與通訊間的集合,其於此技藝中熟知為計算網路,TCP/IP 為「網路傳輪控制/國際網路協定」的縮寫。網際網路可描 it為由執行運許使用者透過網路互動與分享資訊的網路通 訊協疋的電腦互連的地理分散式遠端電腦網路的系統。由 14 1333363 於此廣佈資訊的共用,w網際網路的遠端網路因此漸漸併 入開放系統中,其中研發者可設計軟趙應用程;',以執行 特定操作或服務,基本上沒有限制。 因此,網路基本架構啟動網路佈局的主機,像是用戶/ 祠服器、點對點或混合架構。「用戶端 A蚀mu 〃喝」為使用與其相關的 另一類別或群组的服務的類別或群組的成員。因此,在計 算中’用戶端為處理’即大致上為—組指令或工作,需要 另一程式提供的服務。用戶端處理利用要求的服務,不需 要「知道」關於其他程式或服務本身的任何工作細節。在 用戶/伺服器架構中,尤其是網路系統,用戶端經常回存取 由如伺服器的另一電腦提供的共用網路資源的電腦。在第 2圖的範例中,電腦UOa、n 0b等等可視為用戶端,而電 腦l〇a、10b等等可視為伺服器,其中伺服器1〇a、1〇b等 等維護接著複製於用戶電腦110a、11 〇b等等的資料。 飼服器一般來說為遠端電腦系統,可透過如網際網路 的遠端網路存取。用戶端處理可活躍於第—電腦系統中, 且祠服器處理可活躍於第二電腦系統中,透過通訊媒趙互 相通訊,因此提供分散式功能且允許多重用戶端利用飼服 器的資訊集合功能。 用戶端與伺服器利用通訊協定層提供的功能互相通 訊。舉例來說,超文字傳輸通訊協定(HTTP)為通用通訊協 定’用於結合全球資訊網(WWW)。一般來說,如姑 次 职統一資源 定位器(URL)或網際網路通訊協定(ΙΡ)位址的 弘物網路位 址用於互相辨識伺服器或用戶電腦β網路位址 稱為統一· 15 1333363 資源 尤其 相耦 散式 器。 經由 網路 110a 手持 VCR 於任 賴來 環境 1 1 Ob 訊協 計算 裝置 可用 子中 伺服 存取 檔案 位器位址。舉例來說,通訊可透過通訊媒體提供。 ,用戶與伺服器可為高容量通訊經由TCP/IP連接互 g此,第2圖舉例說明本發明可應用的範例網路或分 聚境,具有經由網路/匯流排與用戶電腦通訊的伺服 I詳細的說’根據本發明,許多伺服器l〇a、10b等等 鼂訊網路/匯流排14互連,其可為LAN、WAN、内部 、網際網路等等,具有許多用戶端或遠端計算裝置 、110b、ll〇c、ll〇d、ll〇e等等,像是可攜式電腦、 式電腦、薄型用戶端、網路裝置或其他裝置,像是 TV、烤箱、燈、暖氣等等。因此認為本發明可應用 連接的計算裝置’其中想要處理、儲存或執行自信 的安全内容。 -^ — μ隊網峪的網路 中’飼服器可為網路飼服器,其中用戶端11〇& 、U〇C、U〇d、11〇e等等經由如HTTP的任何已知通 -通訊。词服器1〇亦可作為用戶端n〇,可為 環境的特徵。通訊可為有線或無線,只要適當。用戶 no可以或可以不經由通訊網路/匯流排14通訊,且 與其相關的獨立通訊。舉例來說…V或VCR的例 ’可能有或可能沒有其網路控制。各用戶電腦110與 器電腦10可備有不同應用程式模組或物件, 、 不同類型的儲存元件或物件,其中檀案可儲: 可下載或移動。因此,本發明可用於具有用户電腦 16 1333363 110a、110b等等的電腦網路環境中,其可存取電腦網路/ 匯流排14或與其互動’而伺服器電腦i〇a、1〇b等等可與 電腦110a、110b等等及其他裝置π!與資料庫20互動。 數位權利管理(DRM)總覽 如已知般,且參閱第11圖,數位權利管理(DRM)與實 施高度需要結合數位内容1 2,像是數位音訊、數位視訊、 數位文字、數位資料、數位多媒體等等,其中此數位内容 12欲散佈至使用者。在使用者接收後,此使用者藉由適當 執行裝置的幫助執行或「播放」數位内容,像是個人電腦 14上的媒體播放器等等。 一般來說’散佈此數位内容12的内容擁有者或研發者 (其後統稱「擁有者」)希望限制使用者可對此散佈的數位 内容1 2做些什麼。舉例來說,内容擁有者可能希望限制使 用者複製與再散佈此内容12至第二使用者,或可能希望允 許散佈的數位内谷12僅播放有限次數、僅於特定總時間播 放、僅於特定類型機器上播放、僅於特定類型媒體播放器 上播放、僅由特定類型使用者播放等等。 然而’在散佈發生後,此内容擁有者對數位内容12 幾乎沒有控制例。然而,DRM系統1 〇允許控制的執行或 播放任意形式的數位内容12’其中此控制為彈性且可由此 數位内容的内容擁有者定義。一般來說,内容12以封包 13的形式藉由任何適當散佈通道散佈至使用者。當散佈 時’數位内容封包13可包含以對稱加密/解密鑰(KD)加密 的數位内容12(即(KD(CONTENT))),以及辨識内容的其他 17 1333363 資訊,如何為此内容取得許可證等等。
信賴型DRM系統10允許數位内容12的擁有者指定 必須於此數位内容12允許執行於使用者的計算裝置14前 符合的許可規則。此許可規則可包含有前述時序要求,且 可實施於數位許可證或使用文件(此後稱「許可證」)16中, 使用者/使用者的計算裝置14(此後,除非情況需要,否則 此詞可互換)必須自内容用有可或其代理者獲得。此許可證 16亦包含有用以解密數位内容的解密鑰(KD),或許根據可 由使用者的計算裝置解密的鑰加密。 一份數位内容 1 2的内容擁有者必須信賴使用者的計 算裝置14會遵守此内容擁有者指定於許可證16中的規則 與需求,即除非許可證1 6中的規則與需求符合,否則數位 内容12不會執行。然而,最好使用者的計算裝置14提供 有信賴元件或機制18,除非根據實施於許可證16上與數 位内容1 2相關的許可規則且由使用者獲得,否則數位内容 12不會執行。
信賴元件18 —般來說具有許可評估器20,決定是否 許可證16有效、檢閱此有效許可證16的許可規則及要求 及根據檢閱的許可規則及要求決定是否要求的使用者具有 權利依其方式執行要求的數位内容1 2。同樣應了解許可評 估器20信賴於DRM系統10中以根據許可證16中的規則 與要求執行數位内容12的擁有者的希望,且使用者應不能 以任何目的輕易的改變此信賴元件,不論是否為惡意》 應了解許可證16 t的規則與要求可指定是否使用者 18 1333363 有權利根據任何事實執行數位内容12,包含使用者是誰、 使用者位於何處、使用者使用何種類型的計算裝置、執行 應用程式呼叫何DRM系統、日期、時間等等。除此之外, 舉例來說,許可證1 6中的規則與要求可限制許可證1 6為 預定次數的播放或預定的播放時間。
規則與要求可根據適當語言與語法指定於許可證 16 中。舉例來說,語言可簡單指定必須符合的屬性與值(如曰 期必須大於X)或可要求根據特定與法執行功能(如若曰期 大於X,則執行…)。 在許可評估器20決定許可證1 6有效且使用者符合其 規則於要求後,數位内容1 2接著可執行。尤其是,欲執行 内容12,解密鑰(KD)獲得自許可證12且用於自内容封包 13的(KD (CON TENT))導致實際内容12,且實際内容12接 著實際執行。 發行數位内容
第3圖係用以發行數位内容的系統及方法的功能方塊 圖。「發行」為此處使用的詞,意指應用程式或服務跟著產 生於信賴實體中實體可畏内容核發的一組權利與條件的處 理,以及權利與條件可核發給誰。根據本發明,發行處理 包含有加密數位内容及關聯於内容作者想要給所有可能的 内容使用者的一串鏈持續可實施的權利。此處理可以安全 方式執行,以禁止存取任何權利或内容,除非内容作者想 要。 實施特別三種實體以發行安全數位内容:執行於用戶 19 1333363 端3 00且預備發行内容的内容預備應用程式3 02、亦位於 用戶裝置 300上的數位權利管理(DRM)應用程式介面 (API)306、及經由通訊網路330通訊耦合至用戶端300的 DRM伺服器3 2 0,像是網際網路、區域或廣域網路或其結 合。
内容預備應用程式302可為產生數位内容的任何應用 程式。舉例來說,應用程式302可為文字處理器或產生數 位文字檔、數位音樂、影像或其他此内容的其他發行者。 或舉例來說,内容亦可包含有串流内容,像是即時或錄製 事件的串流音訊/視訊。應用程式3 0 2提供有密碼鑰以加密 數位内容,因此形成加密的數位内容檔 304,且使用者提 供權利資料緊密相關於數位内容檔3 04中的加密内容。權 利資料包含有具有數位内容權利的各實體的識別,且各識 別實體有一組權利與條件。
舉例來說,此實體可為個人、個人類別或裝置。此權 利可包含讀取、編輯、複製、列印等等數位内容的權利。 條件可包含最小系統要求、日期與時間限制、播放次數等 等。 用戶API 3 06將加密的數位内容與權利資料傳至DRM 伺服器320。利用下述的處理,DRM伺服器320決定是否 其實施權利資料,且若是,則DRM伺服器320簽署權利 資料以形成簽署的權利標籤(SRL)3 08。然而,一般來說, 任何新賴實體可簽署權利資料,最好使用DRM伺服器320 信賴的鑰。舉例來說,用戶端可利用DRM伺服器320為 20 其提供的錄簽署權利資料。 權利標戴308可包含有表示權利說明的資料、加密的 内容金鑰即透過權利說明與加密的内容金鑰的數位簽章。 若DRM伺服器320簽署權利標籤,其透過用戶API 306 將簽署的權利標籤308傳回用戶端,其儲存簽署的權利標 籤308於用戶裝置300上β接著,内容預備應用程式3〇2 可關聯簽署的權利標籤3 08與加密的數位内容檔3 04,舉 例來說,像是序連以形成權利管理内容檔3丨〇。然而,注 意SRL308應儲存於與内容檔304分別的已知位置,具有 參照序連至内容檔304的SRL 308,以形成内容檔31〇。 現在請參閱第4圖,顯示發行權利管理數位内容的方 法。在步驟4 02’應用程式3 02產生用來加密數位内容的 内容金鑰(CK)。内容金鑰(CK)一般來說為對稱鑰,雖然任 何錄可用來加密數位内容。如已知般,對稱鑰被對稱錄演 算法應用以加密與解密。據此,(CK)應於傳送者與接收者 間共用時好好隱藏。 在步驟404,應用程式3 02加密具有(CK)的數位内容, 以形成加密的數位内容3〇4.(即(CK(content)))。此外,產生 對應於(CK( content))的權利資料,不論由内容的發行者或 由其他實體。注意此權利資料可為自定權利資料或獲得自 預定範本的權利資料。如上述,權利資料可包含有有資格 消耗内容的一串鏈實體、各實體針對内容處理的特定權利 及可施加於此權利的任何條件。 在步驟40 6,入?1 3 06產生用於加密内容金鑰(〇〇的第 21 1333363
二加密錄(K2)。最好,(K2)亦為對稱鑰。在步驟4〇8 , API 306 以(K2)加密(CK)導致(K2(CK))。在步驟 41〇,API 306 捨棄(CK)’結果(CK)現在僅可由解密(K2(CK))獲得。欲確 保(CK(c〇ntent))保護為中央DRM伺服器32〇 ’且内容的所 有e午可要求」根據權利資料中央完成,在步驟412,API 3 06聯絡提供的DRM伺服器320,且取出其公開金錄
(PU-DRM)。在步戰 414,API 306 以(PU-DRM)加密(K2)導 致(PU-DRM(K2))。因此,(CK)可保護(PU-DRM)以確保 DRM 伺服器320為唯一可取得存取(CK)的實體,要求解密 (CK(content))。在步驟416,API 306以(K2)加密權利資料 (即授權的實體清單及與清單裝各授權實體相關的個別權 利與條件)導致(K2(rightsdata))。
在另一實施例中,(CK)可用來直接加密權利資料導致 (CK(rightsdata)),而(PU-DRM)可用來直接加·密(CK)導致 (PU-DRM(CK)) ’藉此放器完整使用(K2)。然而,利用(K2) 加ίϊί權利資料及(C Κ)允許此(Κ 2 )適合可服從D R Μ伺服器 的任何特定演算法,然而(CK)可由獨立於DRM伺服器的 實體指定,且對其可不服從》 在步驟418,内容保護應用程式302傳送(PU-DRM(K2)) 與(K2(rightsdata))至DRM伺服器320作為簽署的權利標 籤。或者,用戶端本身可以下述方法簽署權利資料β若權 利資料傳至伺服器簽署,接著,於步驟420,DRM伺服器 3 20存取權利資料且驗證其可實施傳送權利標籤中的權利 及條件。欲驗證其可實施權利資料,DRM伺服器320應用 22 1333363
對應於(PU-DRM)的私密金输(PR-DRM)至(PU-DRM(K2)) 導致(K2),接著將(K2)用於(K2(rightsdata))導致清除中的 權利資料。伺服器3 2 0接著可做任何策略檢查以驗證權利 資料中指定的使用者、權利及條件可於伺服器3 2 0實施的 策略中。伺服器320簽署原來傳送的權利標藏,包含 (PU-DRM(K2))及(K2(rightsdata))導致簽署的權利標籤 (SRL)308,其中簽章係根據DRM伺服器320的私密金鑰, 且將SRL 3 08傳回API 3 06 ’接著呈現傳回的SRL 308至 用戶應用程式302。
SRL 308係數位簽署文件,使其抗干預。此外,SRL 308 係用於加密内容但對其保護的内容維持強烈1對1關係的 獨立實際鑰類型及且演算法。現在請參閱第4A圖,於本 發明實施例中,SRL 308可於内容上包含資訊,根據SRL 308,或許包括内容的ID;簽署SRL3 08的DRM伺服器上 的資訊,包括(PU-DRM(K2))與參照資訊,像是用以定位 DRM伺服器於網路上的URL,且若URL失敗則後退資訊; 描述SRL 308本身的資訊;(K2(rightsdata));及數位簽章 (S(PR-DRM))等等。 藉由確保信賴實體簽署權利資料以產生簽署的權利標 籤3 08,DRM伺服器320主張其將根據發行者於權利標籤 308的權利資料中所述為内容核發許可證。應了解使用者 要求獲得許可證執行内容,尤其因許可證含有内容金鑰 (CK)之故。當使用者想要為加密的内容獲得許可證時,使 用者可為内容呈現含有SRL 3 08的許可要求及驗證使用者 23 1333363 的授與DRM伺服器320或其他許可核發實體的憑證。許 可核發實體接著可解密(PU-DRM(K2))與(K2(rightsdata)) 以產生權利資料、列出許可核發實體作者(若有)認可的權 利及建構僅具有此特定權利的許可證。
如上所述’在應用程式302收到SRL 3 08後,此應用 程式302序連具有對影(CK(content))的簽署的權利標籤 3〇8以形成權利管理數位内容。或者,權利資料儲存於已 知位置中’參照提供有加密的數位内容的位置。因此,執 行DRM啟動的應用程式可經由執行應用程式欲執行的該 份内容發現簽署的權利標籤3〇8。此發現觸發執行應用程 式’以針對DRM許可伺服器32〇開始許可要求。舉例來 說’發行應用程式302可存URL於DRM許可伺服器320, 或DRM許可伺服器32〇可於數位簽署前將其自己的URL 當作一份元數據嵌入權利標籤中,如此執行應用程式的 DRM用戶API 3 06可識別正確的DRM許可伺服器320。 為發行的内容獲得許可證
現在請參照第5圖,顯示許可權利管理數位内容的系 統與方法。在此使用「許可證」一詞,意指應用程式或服 務跟著要求且接收將啟動命名於許可證中以根據許可證中 指定項目消耗内容實體的處理。許可處理的輸入可包含有 與許可證要求的内容相關的簽署的權利標籤(SRL)3 08,以 及許可證要求的實體的公開金鑰憑證,注意實體要求許可 證不需要是許可證被要求的實體。一般來說,許可證包含 有來自SRL 308的權利說明、可解密加密内容的加密鑰即 24 1333363 透過權利說明與加密鑰以主張正當與避免干預的數位簽 章。
起初,用戶API 306經由通訊網路330傳送權利管理 内容310的簽署的權利標錢308至DRM伺服器320 -如上 所述,權利標籤3 08含有根據DRM伺服器320的公開金 鑰(PU-DRM)加密的内容金鑰(CK)(即(PU-DRM(CK)))。接 著,在核發許可證的處理中,DRM伺服器320將(pr-drm) 用於(PU-DRM(CK))以獲得(Ck)。接著使用傳送於許可要求 中以再加密(CK)的公開金鑰憑證中的公開金鑰 (PU-ENTITY)(即(PU-ENTITY(CK)))。新加密的 (PU-ENTITY(CK))接著置入許可證中β因此,許可證可不 將(CK)曝露於危險中傳回呼叫者,由於僅對應至 (PU-ENTITY)的私密金鑰的持有者(Pr_entity)可自 (PU-ENTITY(CK))恢復(CK)。用戶 API 306 接著使用(CK) 解密加密的内容以形成解密的數位内容312。用戶應用程
式302接著可根據提供於許可證中的權利使用解密的數位 内容312。 或者’如下所述,舉例來說,如發行用戶端的用戶端 可核發使用許可證給自己以消耗内容。 現在至第6A圖與第6B圖,顯示許可權利管理數位内 容的方法。在步琢602中’如DRM飼服器320的許可核 發實體接收含有公開金鑰憑證的許可要求或各要求許可者 的實體。推測上’若指定識別,DRM伺服器320可獲得自 目錄、資料庫等等的對應公開金錄憑證。若許可證僅為一 25 1333363 許可者要求’則僅命名一憑證或識別。若許可證為複數個 許可者要求’則為各潛在許可者命名憑證或識別。在步驟 6若有需要,認證要求實體(實體製造許可要求)。在步 驟606’同樣若有需要,決定是否允許實體要求許可證。 在步驟608,若核發實體決定公開金鑰憑證並未包含 於許可要求中’則核發實體為適當公開金鑰憑證使用指定 的識别執行查看目錄服務或資料庫。在步驟610,若核發 實體决定憑證於目錄中,則在步驟6丨2,取得憑證。若憑 證無法為給定潛在許可者找到,無論在要求中或在目錄 J手了飼服器不為潛在許可者產生許可證且在步驟 614,錯誤傳回要求實體。 假設DRM伺服器32〇為至少一潛在許可者具有公開 金錄憑證,則在步驟616, DRM㈣器32G驗證各許可 者憑證的信賴。若未驗證,DRM飼服器320決定許可者憑 的核發者未於信賴核發者的清單中,接著許可者的要求 失敗,且錯誤產生於步驟614。因此,憑證並未由信賴核 發者核發的任何潛在許可者不會收到許可證。 φ 此外,DRM伺服器32〇最好於憑證鏈中所有實體執行 數位簽章驗證’自信賴核發者憑證至各許可者公開金錄憑 證。驗證鏈中數位簽章的處理係已知演算法。若給定潛在 許可者的a開金錄憑證未驗證,或鏈中憑證未驗證,潛在 許可者m,且因此,許可證不核發給潛在許可者。彡 . 則’在步驟618,許可證可核發。處理重複步驟62〇,直到 - 許可證要求的所有實體已處理為止。 26 1333363 如第6圖B中所示,DRM伺服器320處理驗證接收於 許y要求中的簽署的權利標籤3〇8。在實施例中,DRM伺 服器320具有各權利標籤藉此簽署的主副本。接著,在許 可時(步驟622) ’ DRM伺服器32〇可取得主權利標籤的副
本"主權利標籤可更新至權利標籤傳送於許可要求中之L 本,且因此為用於產生要求許可證的權利標籤。若無主權 利標籤發現DRM伺服器320,在步驟624,根據預定策略 決定是否根據要求中的權利標籤核發許可證。若策略不允 6午,許可要求於步驟626失敗,且於步驟628錯誤傳回API 306 · 在步驟630 ’ DRM伺服器320驗證SRL 308與尤其是 其數位簽章。若SRL 308未驗證,許可要求於步驟626失 敗,且於步驟628錯誤傳回API 306。
在所有驗證皆發生後,DRM伺服器根據SRL 308為各 許可的許可證建構許可證。在步驟632,DRM伺服器32〇 為欲核發給各許可者的許可證產生相對權利說明。對各許 可者來說,DRM伺服器320驗證此許可者公開金鑰憑證中 命名的識別,相對於權利標籤中權利說明中命名的識別。 在步驟 636, DRM 伺服器 320 自 SRL 308 獲得(PU-DRM(K2)) 與(K2(CK)),且應用(PR-DRM)以獲得(CK)。核發實體接著 利用來自許可者的公開金鑰憑證(PU-ENTITY)再加密(CK) 導致(PU-ENTITY(CK))。在步驟308,DRM伺服器320序 連(PU-ENTITY(CK))的產生的權利說明,且利用(PR-DRM) 數位簽署結果資料結構(即S(PR-DRM))。簽署的資料結構 27 1333363 因此為此特定許可者的許可證。 在步驟640,DRM伺服器320決定沒有更多許可者鑰 產生特定要求。在步驟642,產生的許可證接著傳回要求 實體,以及將許可證連接回受信賴的憑證管理中心的適當 的憑證键。 自我發行簽署的權利標籤308 在本發明的實施例中,SRL 308可由要求/發行使用者 本身簽署。據此’此使用者不需聯絡DRM伺服器32〇以 未相關内容獲得SRL 308。因此’自我發行亦可稱為離線 發行。在此實施例中’發行使用者亦應可核發本身發行者 許可證,由其因自我發行的内容現在DRM保護,且此發 行者許可證要求允許發行使用者執行目前保護的内容之 故。應了解發行使用者可啟動核發許可證給其他使用者。 特別的是,現在請參照第7圖,在實施例中,藉由自 DRM祠服器320接收包含公開金錄(pu-〇LP)與直接或間 接存取使用者的(PU-ENTITY)信賴元件18(第π圖)根據公 開金鑰加密的對應私密金鑰(PR_〇Lp)導致 (PU-ENTITY(PR-CERT))的離線發行(〇LP)憑證810離線發 行使用者先預備至離線發行。舉例來說,注意(PU-ENTITY) 可為信賴元件18的公開金鑰,或可為藉由信賴元件is的 公開金錄存取的使用者的公開金餘。〇LP憑證810應由 DRM祠服器320的私密金鑰簽署’使得此drm伺服器320 可驗證此OLP憑證’此會在下方詳述。 除此之外’ OLP憑證810應包含有自(pu-DRM)導回至 28 1333363
受信賴的憑證管理中心的憑證鏈,其由發行使用者或另一 使用者的信賴元件信賴,使得此信賴元件1 8可驗證此OLP 憑證8 1 0及任何其他憑證或與此OLP憑證8 1 0相關的許可 證,此會在下方詳述。簡言之,且應了解,憑證鏈以由受 信賴的憑證管理中心的私密金鑰簽署的根憑證開始,且具 有鏈中下一憑證的公開金鑰。接著,鏈中各中間憑證由對 應至鏈中前一憑證的公開金鑰的私密金鑰簽署,且具有鏈 中下一憑證的公開金鑰。最後,鏈所附的憑證或許可者由 對應至鏈中最後憑證的公開金鑰的私密金鑰簽署。
因此,為驗證鏈附上的憑證或許可證,需獲得對應受 信賴的憑證管理中心的私密金鑰的公開金鑰的訊息,且此 受信賴的憑證管理中心的公開金鑰係用於驗證鏈中根憑證 的簽章。預設根憑證簽章驗證,則獲得來自根憑證的公開 金鑰且用於驗證鏈中第一中間憑證的簽章。程序於鏈中依 序重複,直到其各簽章已驗證為止,接著獲得來自鏈中最 後中間憑證的公開金鑰且用於驗證鏈附上的憑證或許可證 的簽章。 應了解OLP憑證8 1 0產生連結於欲離線發行的内容 3 04及為内容304核發許可證的DRM伺服器320間信賴的 鏈中。OLP憑證810可根據XML/XrML語言或其他適當語 言產生。 應了解OLP憑證8 1 0與附上的憑證鏈授權發行使用者 自我發行。更應了解鑰對(PU-OLP,PR-OLP)分離自 (PU-ENTITY,PR-ENTITY),且用於特定自我發行。注意鑰 29 1333363 對(PU-OLP,PR-OLP)可被分配,在此情況中DRM憑證810 僅包含使用者的公開金鑰(PU-ENTITY)且由 DRM伺服器 320的私密金鑰(PR-DRM)發行,使得DRM伺服器320可 驗證。 自我發行與第4圖中顯示的發行不同,其中關於執行 的步驟使用者基本上取代DRM伺服器320。重要的是,使 用者簽署包含(PU-DRM(K2))與(K2(rightsdata))或包含 (PU-DRM(CK))與具有(PR-OLP)的(CK(rightsdata))(稍後顯 示於第7圖與8中)的傳送權利標籤,如同從DRM憑證8 1 0 獲得者(即S(PR-OLP)),導致簽署的權利標籤(SRL)308。 利用OLP憑證810的信賴元件18用戶端一般來說根據附 上的憑證鏈加以驗證。應了解使用者的信賴元件1 8藉由自 OLP 憑證 810 獲得(PU-ENTITY(PR-OLP))且應用 (PR-ENTITY)自此OLP憑證810獲得(PR-OLP)。然而,注 意發行使用者無法驗證DRM伺服器320可實施權利於自 我發行SRL 308。據此,DRM伺服器320本身應於許可證 根據自我發行的SRL 308要求時執行驗證。 一旦發行使用者本身自我發行SRL 308,使用者序連 此自我發行SRL 308,且0LP憑證810用以將其產生至内 容304,且具有SRL 308的此内容與DRM憑證810如權利 管理内容310般散佈至另一使用者。此後,另一使用者為 内容304/310自DRM伺服器320要求且獲得許可證,以實 質上與第6A圖與第6B圖所示相同的方式。然而,在此, 許可要求使用者傳送至DRM伺服器320序連至内容304 30 1333363 的自我發行SRL 308與OLP憑證810。DRM伺服器320 接著根據對應的(PU-DRM)驗證 OLP 憑證 810 中的 S(PR-DRM),且自 DRM 憑證 810 獲得(PU-OLP)。DRM 伺 服器320接著根據獲得的(PU-CERT)驗證SRL 308中的 S (P R - Ο L P),且如之前般繼續。然而,注意由於發行使用 者未驗證DRM伺服器320可實施權利於SRL 308中,且 如上述,DRM伺服器320本身應於此時執行驗證。 同樣注意DRM伺服器320僅需要驗證OLP憑證810 中的S(PR-DRM),由於預設其信賴本身。據此,來自〇LP 憑證8 1 0相關的憑證鏈不需要與此0LP憑證8 1 0傳送至 DRM伺服器320,當然除非鏈需要,像是舉例來說若鏈本 身係至少部分S(PR-DRM)的基礎。 然而,重要的是,發行使用者應可執行目前保護的内 容3 04/3 10,而不需到DRM伺服器320尋求許可證。另一 方面,根據OLP憑證810離線發行内容3 04/3 10而不需到 DRM伺服器320的發行使用者必須亦可以離線方式核發本 身許可證,而不需至DRM伺服器320 ’使得此使用者可執 行離線發行内容304/3 10。據此’發行使用者可繼續處理 自我發行的内容310,而不需連接DRM伺服器320 » 接著,在本發明的實施例中,且現在請參照第8圖, 發行使用者核發本身由(PR-0LP)簽署且根據自我簽署的 SRL 308的離線發行者許可證820,且包含OLP憑證81〇 及其憑證鏈。預設發行許可證8 20獲得許可使用者完整處 理自我發行内容310的允許’雖然亦可獲得允許較少量的 31 1333363 存取》發行者許可證820可寫於XML/XrML語言或另一語 言中,在此例中有其他DRM許可證。應了解發行者許可 證820發行者許可證820包含有根據(PU-ENTITY)加密的 内容金鑰(CK),其可由使用者的計算裝置14的信賴元件 18 獲得,以形成(PU-ENTITY(CK))。
發行者許可證820的憑證鏈因此自此許可證820至 OLP憑證8 1 0,然後自受信賴的憑證管理中心導回至根憑 證’或許藉由一或多個中間憑證。由於使用者的信賴元件 1 8預設可獲得對應用於簽署根憑證的受信賴的憑證管理 中心的私用金鑰的公開金鑰’信賴元件1 8可藉由其憑證鏈 本身驗證發行者許可證820,且在驗證後接著可自其獲得 (PU-ENTITY(CK)),應用其(PR-ENTITY)以獲得(CK),且 將(CK)用於(CK(content))導致内容304以達執行的目的。 結果’發行使用者可藉此於維持離線時繼續處理離線發行 的内容3 1 0。
接著,根據上述,且現在參閱第9圖,發行使用者離 線發行内容304/310且以下列方式為此内容304/310核發 本身離線發行者許可證820。 起初,且應了解,内容3 04以適當方式建立且根據内 容要(CK)加密(步驟901),且發行使用者為具有適當資訊 {如(PU-DRM(CK))與(CK(rightsdata))}的内容 304 產生權 利標籤(步驟903)»此後,預設已準備好自DRM伺服器320 擁有0LP憑證8 1 0的發行使用者獲得此〇lp憑證8丨〇(步 称9 05)且根據其簽章與將其導回至最高憑證(根)管理中心 32 !333363 的憑證鏈,以進行驗證(步驟907)。應了解此驗證實際由 發行使用者的計算裝置14上的信賴元件is執行。假設驗 證成功’接著發行使用者/信賴元件1 8(其後稱為「發行使 用者」)自OLP憑證810取出(pu-ENTITY(PR-OLP)),將 (PR-ENTITY)應用至(pu-ENTITY(PR-OLP))以獲得 (PR-OLP)(步驟911),且接著簽署具有此(PR_〇LP)的產生 權利標籤以產生SRL 308(步驟913) »
此後,發行使用者序連此SRL 308與用以加以產生内 容304的OLP憑證810以形成自我發行内容310(步驟 915),且此權利管理内容310因此可散佈至另一使用者。 然而,對於發行使用者繼續使用或執行内容3 1 0來說,此 發行使用必須核發本身對應的離線發行者許可證820。
因此,發行使用者藉由自我定義適當權利資料且根據 内容金鑰(CK)加以加密導致(CK(rightsdata))產生發行者 許可證820(步驟917)。在此注意此權利資料可自内容31〇 自SRL 3 08獲得,可為某些獲得發行使用者部分或完整存 取自我發行内容310許可的權利資料的某些預設組,或可 自另一來源取得。除此之外,發行使用者根據(PU-ENTITY) 加密内容金鑰(CK)以形成(Ρυ-ΕΝΤΐίΎ((:Κ))(步驟919)。此 (CK(rightsdata))與(PU-ENTITY(CK))接著格式化至發行者 許可證820中(步驟921),附上OLP憑證810與其憑證鏈(步 驟923)且如步驟911般獲得者根據(PR-OLP)簽署此發行者 許可證 820(步驟 925)。在此注意結合的内容 304(即 (CK(content)))、發行許可證820及OLP憑證形成導回至 33 1333363 受信賴的憑證管理中心的數位項目的憑證鍵8 3 0。 接著,對於執行發行内容310的發行使用者來說,且 現在參照第1 〇圖’此發行使用者不需要聯絡DRM伺服器 320’但卻獲得對應用於簽署根憑證的受信賴的憑證管理中 心的私用金鑰的公開金鑰(步驟1 〇〇 1 ),驗證根憑證(步驟 1 0 0 3) ’然後驗證鏈Ί7的中間憑證(步驟丨〇 〇 5),對各中間憑 證藉由自前一憑證獲得公開金输且加以應用以驗證此憑證 的簽章。此後’來自鏈中最後憑證的(PU_drm)用於驗證 OLP 憑證 8 1 0 的簽章(即 S(PR-DRM))(步驟 1 〇〇7),(PU-OLP) 獲得自OLP憑證810(步驟1〇〇9),且此(pu_〇LP)用於驗證 發行者許可證820的簽章(即S(PR-〇LP))(步驟1〇1〇)。 一旦驗證發行者許可證820,接著,(CK(rightsdata)) 與(PU-ENTITY(CK))自其取得(步驟 10U),(PR_ENTITY) 用於(PU-ENTITY(CK))導致(CK)(步驟 1013),且(CK)用於 (CK(rightsdata))導致權利資料(步驟1015)。現在應了解, 權利資料由發行使用的計算裝置14的信賴元件1 8檢閱, 以決定此權利資料允許以所見方式執行(步驟1 〇丨7 ),此信 賴元件18因此將(CK)用於來自内容310的(CK(content)) 導致内容(步驟1019),立此内容接著傳至適當執行應用程 式以實際執行(步驟1021)。因此,第10圖的步称實際上 自受信賴的憑證管理中心越過數位項目的憑證鍵83〇至内 容 304。 注意信賴元件18可以想像地可將(仁κ)用於 (CK(content))導致内容,而不須先檢閱權利資料,且不論 34 1333363 權利資料可允許或不允許何者,但被信賴且建構以事實上 僅於檢閱權利資料及滿足本身權利資料允許執行内容後產 生此内容。同樣的,在具有發行者許可證820後,結果發 行使用者可藉此於維持離線時繼續處理離線發行的内容 3 10,由於不需聯絡DRM伺服器320。 DRM伺服器的登記與子登記
在第3圖中所見的架構中,僅顯示單一 DRM伺服器 320。然而,且可了解,此架構似乎可包含多個DRM伺服 器320。尤其是,在本發明的實施例中,此架構包含有DRM 伺服器320的散佈網路。各DRM伺服器320可具有特定 功能,且所有DRM伺服器320可以適當方式組織,而不 超出本發明精神與範疇之外。
舉例來說,現在參閱第1 2圖,特定組織可具有一或多 個使用者層 DRM伺服器320,以達簽署權利標籤以產生 SRL 3 0 8、核發許可證1 6、獲准發行許可證3 20、核發許 可證給使用者、核發許可證給計算裝置14等等的目的。舉 例來說,各使用者層DRM伺服器320可地理上指派或可 根據功能或負載指派。否則,為監督多個使用者層 DRM 伺服器320,組織可具有一或多個管理DRM伺服器320。 如有需要,此組織型DRM伺服器320可位於組織防火牆 後。
除了組織型DRM伺服器320之外,亦可有傳輸組織 DRM伺服器320促進内組織DRM的功能。舉例來說,此 傳輸組織DRM伺服器320可允許一對組織共用特定DRM 35 1333363 内容12。同樣的’可有管理員DRM伺服器32〇的網路以 啟動所有其他DRM伺服器320。舉例來說,此管理員drm 伺服器320可監督與維護所有DRM伺服器32〇且為所有 DRM祠服器320提供適當連結導回至最高(根)或受信賴的 憑證管理中心,以先前所述的憑證鏈為基礎。此非組織型 DRM伺服器3 2 0不太位於任何組織防火牆後。 重要地’第12圖的架構中各DRM伺服器32〇必須可 證明其可信賴。因此,由上述憑證鏈應可了解,在進入架 構後’各DRM伺服器320提供有登記憑證13 1〇,如自第 1 3圖所見。重要地’且在本發明之實施例中,登記憑證1 3 ^ 〇 由已於架構中的另一「登記」DRM伺服器320(其後稱為 「DRM-R伺服器320」)提供至進入drM伺服器32〇(其後 稱為「DRM-E伺服器320」)。同樣重要地,自dRM_R飼 服器320附於提供的登記憑證ι31〇係一憑證鏈U2〇,其 包含登記DRM伺服器320的登記憑證13 10,登記登記的 DRM-R飼服器320的DRM词服器320的登記憑證131〇等 等所有導回至根DRM伺服器320者。此根DRM伺服器320 可代表最高的或受信賴的憑證管理中心,或憑證鏈丨32〇 可延伸至達到最高的或受信賴的憑證管理中心^現在應了 解,結合的登記憑證1310與憑證鏈【320形成將由登記或 輸入DRM-E伺服器32〇提供的〇Lp憑證810附於發行使 用者的憑證鏈,如第8圖中所示。 在本發明的實施例中,由DRM-R伺服器320提供至 DRM-E词服器32〇的登記憑證ι31〇以如XrML 1.2型憑證 36 1333363 的形式。如應了解般’此類型憑證131〇並非由任何第三者 獨立提遘,且因此此類型憑證131〇並非為此憑證1310的 擁有者由第三者呈現任何順序的獨立擔保。 在本發明的實施例中,特定Drm-E伺服器320根據 是否登記DRM-R飼服器32〇 了解或有理由信賴輸入的
DRM-E飼服器320的登記入架構中的方法若無,drm-E 伺服器320應要求驗證DRM R伺服器32〇其信得過,且 實施DRM架構。若是,DRM E伺服器32〇不應要求驗證 DRM-R伺服器320其信得過,至少不需相同程度。因此, 非佗賴/不了解DRM-R伺服器32〇「登記」drm-E伺服器 320’而了解/信賴DRM_R伺服器32〇「子登記」DRME伺 服器320。 一般來說,若兩者皆由相同組織的利益操作,則 DRM-R飼服器32〇 了解/信賴drm_e伺服器π。,雖然在 不超出本發明精神與範圍外,了解/信賴亦可自其他情況提 升°因此’特定DRM_E伺服器32〇登記入架構的方法一 般來說端賴於是否登記DRM-R伺服器320為組織型或非 組織型。如此一來,非組織型DRM R伺服器32〇「登記」 DRM-E祠服器32〇,而組織型DRM_R伺服器32〇「子登記」 DRM-E伺服器320 » 登記 在本發明的實施例中,現在參閱第14圖,不了解/非 信賴DRM-R伺服器32〇以下列方式登記dRM-E伺服器 320 » 37 1333363
重要地’應了解希望被不了解/非信賴DRM-R伺服器 32〇登記的DRM-E伺服器320似乎不被此DRM_R伺服器 32〇 了解。據此,且在本發明的實施例中’ DRM_E伺服器 320必須自想要為此DRM-E伺服器320擔保的第三者獲得 擔保憑證1 330(步驟1401)。一般來說,此第三者係被 DRM-R伺服器信賴以執行此擔保的獨立憑證核發代理 者’舉例來說像是加州山景的VERISIGN公司。舉例來說, 此擔保憑證1 330可為像是X· 5 〇9憑證的形式。注意在 DRM-R飼服器320中,依賴信賴的第三者為drm-E伺服 器320擔保,為DRM-E伺服器320的任何不良行為DRM-R 伺服器320的信賴度會降低。 應了解且一般來說,且亦如第13圖中所見,擔保憑證 1330在此併入公開金錄(pu-v)及對應私密金錄(pr_v),由 信賴的第三者簽署,且可伴隨憑證鏈導向以之根以達驗證 的目的。亦如一般而言,擔保憑證1330中的(PR V)以可存 取為DRM-E伺服器320擔保的方式保護,以擔保憑證133〇
為基礎。舉例來說,且如第13圖中所見,(pRv)可根據適 當公開金鑰加密。 在DRM架構中,輸入的DRM E伺服器32〇必須具有 唯一識別。在此,應了解DRM識別似乎分離自(pu v, PR-V)’雖然在不超出本路犯她从命炫职从 _ 山+努·明精神與範圍之外,DRM識別 亦可與此(PU-v,PR-V)相灶 祕+ ^ ^ J子目符。據此,欲產生此識別,此 DRM-E伺月艮器320產峰士也,βe —人 生或獲得新公用/私岔金鑰對(PU-E, PR-E)(步驟 1403)。同樣的 + 址 & ’
又的’在DRM架構中,登記DRM-E 38 词服器32〇應決定何實體可取消其參與授權。據此,此 DRM_E飼服器320識別清單中各取消實體,或許以其公開 金輸的方式(步驟1405)。 DRM_E飼服器320應可產生登記此DRM-E伺服器事 實上具有步驟140 1獲得的擔保憑證1330的DRM-R伺服 器 2 Ο Λ
0 °據此,DRM-E伺服器320可將來自擔保憑證1330 的(pR-v)應用以加密(PU_E)導致(pR_v(pu E)),作為擁有 者規則’或以(PR — V)簽署(PU-Ε)導致(PU-E)S(PR-V)作為 擁有者規則。不論哪個一例子,用(pu_v)解密(pu_v)或驗 -3•名會產生(PR-V)的所有權,及因此擔保憑證133〇。
因此,DRM-E伺服器320具有擔保憑證1 330、(PU-幻 與(1>1^)、廢止授權清單及(1>&_以1>1;4))或(?1;-£)3(?11-1^) 作為擁有者規則。接著,欲要求登記,此DRM-E伺服器 320傳送擔保憑證133〇、(PU-Ε)、廢止授權清單及 (PR-V(PU-E))或(PU-E)S(PR-V)作為擁有者規則至 DRM-P· 词服器320(步驟1409),且DRM-R伺服器320處理登記此 要求的DRM-E伺服器320 »注意要求或其部分可為(pr-E) 簽署的憑證形式。 特別的是,DRM-R伺服器320根據其簽章由信賴的第 三者及導向已知根的憑證鏈驗證擔保憑證 1330(步騨 1411)。因此,DRM-R伺服器320產生DRM-E伺服器32〇 已擔保。同樣的,DRM-R伺服器320藉由應用來自要求的 (PU-V)解密(PU-Ε)或驗證簽章且因此產生(PR-ν)的所有權 及因此要求中的擔保憑證1330以驗證擁有者規則(步驟 39 1333363 1410)。除此之外,重要的是,Drm r伺服器32〇執行任 何必須決疋是否實行要求的自定邏輯(步驟1413)。此自定 邏輯在不超出本發明精神於範圍外可為任何適當邏輯且 舉例來說可包含有DRM_E伺服器32〇及/或其操作者的背 景檢查、決定是否DRM-E伺服器32〇具有目前信賴的元 件18及/或操作系統等等、決定是否drm_e伺服器32〇於 廢止清單或其他觀察清單上等等。
假設自定邏輯許可要求被實行,接著,在本發明的實 施例中’ DRM-R伺服器32〇為drm-E伺服器320產生登 記憑證1 3 1 0 (步驟丨4 i 5)。特別的是,如第丨3圖中所見, DRM-R飼服器320併入登記憑證1310中: -DRM-R伺服器320的識別器,像是其公開金鑰 (PU-R); -DRM-E伺服器320的識別器,像是(PU-E);
-辨識來自擔保憑證1 3 3 0包含信賴第三者加以核發的 規則、來自擔保憑證1 3 3 0的序號及識別於擔保憑證 1330中的許可者: -任何驗證範圍資訊指定登記憑證1310有效的範圍, 舉例來說像是日期範圍; -廢止授權清單; -根據對應於(PU-R)的DRM-R伺服器320的私密金鑰 (PR-R)的簽章; -及任何其他適當的資訊。 此其他適當的資訊可包含但不限於:憑證核發的時 40 1333363 間:登記伺服器允許以執行何順序DRM活動的指示,舉 例來說像是所有活動、僅帳戶啟動、僅簽署權利標蕺、僅 核發内容許可證及其组合;及執行DRM活動的許可時間 範圍。注意許可時間範圍不同於目前時間必須位於驗證範 圍中以實行任何包含憑證鏈中登記憑證1 3 1 〇的驗證範 園。相對的,子憑證的核發時間必須落在父憑證許可時間 範圍中以執行DRM活動。
應了解,在產生登記憑證1310中,DRM-R伺服器32〇 起初可產生憑證資訊’且接著允許自定邏輯以產生額外資 訊或修正目前資訊。舉例來說,此自定邏輯可確保DRM-R 伺服器320包含適當資訊,或可實施預定DRM架構策略。 當然,登記憑證 1310的簽章產生於任何此自定邏輯產生 後。亦應了解,DRM-R伺服器320附上導回至信賴的最高 憑證管理中心的憑證鏈1 3 2 0至產生的登記憑證1 3 1 0,使 得產生的登記憑證1310可根據此憑證鏈1320驗證。
特別注意如來自放置於登記憑證1 3 1 0中的擔保憑證 1 3 3 0的識別規則會跟隨此登記憑證1 3 1 0,且作為至擔保憑 證1 330的橋樑。因此,同樣的,此識別規則顯示DRM-R 伺服器320依賴擔保憑證mo的信賴第三者核發者以為 DRM-E伺服器32〇擔保,且此DRM-R伺服器320的信賴 度因DRM-E伺服器32〇的任何壞行為削弱。 一旦DRM-R伺服器320成功產生具有附加憑證鏈 1320的登記憑證13 10,DRM-R伺服器320接著將其傳回 要求的DRM-E伺服器320(步驟1417),且目前登記的 41 1333363 DRM-E伺服器320將其儲存於適當位置中供將來使用。如 上所暗示者,登記憑證1310中的(PU-E)與對應的(PR_E) 為公用/私密金鑰對,DRM-E伺服器320於簽署權利標藏 以產生SRL 308、核發OLP憑證810及參與DRM架構中 使用為(PU-DRM)及(PR-DRM)。據此,結合登記憑證ι31〇 與憑證鏈1 320形成附於此OLP憑證8 1 0等等的憑證鍵。 子登記
在本發明的實施例中,且現在參照第1 5圖,了解/信 賴DRM-R伺服器320以下列方式子登記DRM-E伺服器 320 〇
重要地’應了解希望被了解/信賴DRM-R伺服器320 子登記的DRM-E伺服器320應仍被要求識別本身至此 DRM-R伺服器320,由於此了解或信賴可能不完全之故。 然而’此識別要求不需要提高信賴的第三者提議的程度, 由於DRM-R伺服器320沒有某些了解/信賴DRM E伺服器 之故據此,且於本發明實施例中,DRM-E祠服器320 獲仔或提供有某些可被辨認的證件134〇(第13圖),且預 期由DRM-R伺服器32〇實行,且識別drm_e伺服器32〇 以滿足DRM-R伺服器32〇(步驟15〇1)。 若DRM-R與DRM_E伺服器32〇於相同组織中,此證 件1340可為組嵊行&件,舉例來說若伺服器320皆為一般 網路則像疋網4 ID、若伺服器32()皆為共用—般網域則像 是網域ID等等# DRM-R與DRM-E伺服器320皆於相 同··且織中’此證件i 34G於若伺服器32g皆為—般網路則仍 42 1333363 可為網路ID、若飼服器320皆為共用一般網域則仍可為網 域ID等等’或可為其他證件,舉例來說像是由第三者核 發且由DRM-R伺服器320辨認的證件。 注意在本發明情況中’ DRM-R伺服器320並非依賴信 賴的第三者擔保DRM-E伺服器320,且因此DRM-R飼服 器320的信賴度不會因DRM-E伺服器320的任何不良行 為而削弱。然而,DRM-R伺服器320將冒險了解或信賴 DRM-E伺服器320,而不實際執行此不良行為。 如前述,在DRM架構中’輸入的DRM-E伺服器320 必須具有唯一識別。在此,應了解DRM識別似乎分離自 證件13 40,雖然在不超出本發明精神與範圍之外,drm 識別亦可與證件1 3 4 0相符。據此,欲產生此識別,此d r μ - E 飼服器3?0產生或獲得新公用/私密金鑰對(pu-E, PR-E)(步驟1503)。同樣如前述,在DRM架構中,子登記 DRM-E飼服器320應決定何可取消其參與授權。據此,此 DRM-E祠服器320識別清單中各取消實體,或許以其公開 金鑰的方式(步驟1 505)。 因此’ DRM-E伺服器320具有證件1340、(PU-E)與 (PR-E)及廢止授權清單,接著,欲要求子登記,此drm-E 伺服器320傳送證件ι34〇、(pu_E)及廢止授權清單至 DRM-R伺服器320(步驟15〇7),且DRM-R伺服器320處 理子登記此要求的DRM_E伺服器320。注意如前述,要求 或其部分可為(PR-E)簽署的憑證形式。 特別的是’ DRM-R伺服器320根據邏輯或資源所需且 43 丄幻3363 可用於此驗證者驗證證件1340(步驟1509)。因此,DRM-R 词服器320根據驗證的證件1340產生DRM-E伺服器320 欲彳§賴實行且服從DRM架構。除此之外,如前述,DRM-R 词服器3 2 0執行任何必須決定是否實行要求的自定邏輯 (步騍 15 11)。
假設自定邏輯許可要求被實行,接著,在本發明的實 施例中,DRM-R伺服器320為DRM-E伺服器320產生子 登記憑證1 3 1 0 (步驟1 5 1 3 )。特別的是,如第1 3圖中所見, DRM-R伺服器320併入子登記憑證13 10中: -DRM-R伺服器320的識別器,像是其公開金鑰 (PU-R); -DRM-E伺服器320的識別器,像是(pu-E); -證件1 340或其參考; •任何驗證範圍資訊指定子登記憑證1310有效的範 圍,舉例來說像是曰期範圍; -廢止授權清單;
-根據對應於(PU-R)的DRM-R伺服器320的私密金鑰 (PR-R)的簽章; -及任何其他適當的資訊。 如前述,在產生子登記憑證1310中,DRM-R伺服器 320起初可產生憑證資訊,且接著允許自定邏輯以產生額 外資訊或修正目前資訊。同樣的,子登記憑證131〇的簽章 產生於任何此自定邏輯產生後。如前述,DRM-R伺服器 320附上導回至信賴最高憑證管理中心的憑證鏈ι32〇至產 44 1333363 生的子登 據此憑證 在此 為完整性 擔保憑證 情況下要 一 旦 1320 的 3 回要求的 DRM-E ^ 驟 1517) (PR-E)為 標籤以產 構中使用 證 1 3 1 0 | 證鍵。 結論 本發 程式設計 而,任何 以完成本 在本 允許控制 彈性且可 s己憑證1 3 1 〇,使得產生的手登記憑證1 3 1 0可根 鍵1320驗證。 注意證件1 340或其參照並不特別需要,但然而可 包含在内。同時注意子登記憑證1310不含有來自 1330的辨識規則,由於沒有擔保憑證於本子登記 求之故。 DRM-R伺服器320成功產生具有附加憑證鏈 -登記憑證1310,DRM-R伺服器320接著將其傳 DRM-E伺服器320(步驟151 5),且目前子登記的 ί]服器320將其儲存於適當位置中供將來使用(步 。如前述,子登記憑證131〇中的(PU_E)與對應的 公用/私密金鑰對,DR]VI-e伺服器320於簽署權利 生SRL 308、核發OLP憑證810及參與dRm架 為(PU-DRM)及(PR_DRM)。據此,結合子登記憑 I憑證鏈1320形成附於此〇Lp憑證81〇等等的憑 明執行所需以完成程序的程式相對直覺且對相關 公眾來說應很明顯,據此,纟此不附上程式。然 不超出本發明精神愈銘m al ii. I* 研评興範圍外的特定程式皆可應用 發明。 (DRM)與實施架構及方法 數位内容,其中此控制係 有者/研發者定義。架構允
發明中,數位權利管理 執行或播放任意形式的 由此數位内容的内容擁 45 1333363 許且促進此控制執行,尤其是於辦公室或組織環境等等 中,其中文件欲於定義個人或個人類別間共享。此架構允 許内容發行,而不須先獲得來自伺服器的認可,且允許發 行個人核發本身使用許可整,以執行發行内容,而不需聯 絡伺服器以認可。
應了解上述實施利於不超出本發明概念外可加以變 化。舉例來說,若根據其權利資料簽署許可證或權利標籤, •此權利資料不需一定要加密*同樣的,在要求與架構登記 或子登記憑證1 3 1 0中,廢止授權清單與齊他類似資訊不需 一定要使用。因此,應了解本發明並非限制於上述揭示的 特定實施例,但可涵蓋如隨附申請專利範圍所定義的本發 明精神與範圍中的修症。 【圖式簡單說明】
前述概述,以及下列本發明實施利的詳細說明,於結 合閱讀附圖會較易了解。為達舉例說明本發明的目的,圖 式實施例中所示係較佳。然而,應了解,本發明並非限制 於所示的精確配置及手段。圖式中: 第1圖係顯示本發明可實施的範例非限制計算環境的 方塊圖; 第2圖係顯示本發明可實施的具有不同計算裝置的網 路環境的方塊圖; 第3圖係顯示本發明用以發行數位内容之系統及方法 之較佳實施例之功能方塊圖; 46 1333363 第4圖係顯示本發明用以發行權利管理的數位内容之 方法之較佳實施例之流程圖; 第4A圖係顯示第4圖之方法所產生之簽署的權利標 籤之結構之方塊圖; 第5圖係顯示本發明用以許可權利管理的數位内容之 系統及方法之較佳實施例之方塊圖;
第6A圖及第6B圖係顯示本發明用以許可權利管理的 數位内容之方法之較佳實施例之流程圖; 第7圖係顯示本發明一實施例中由DRM伺服器核發 憑證給使用者以允許使用者執行離線發行之方塊圖; 第8圖係顯示本發明一實施例中第7圖的憑證與允許 使用者藉此執行離線發行之發行者許可證之方塊圖; 第9圖係顯示本發明一實施例中由發行使用者以獲得 第8圖之發行許可證之執行步驟之流程圖;
第1 0圖係顯示本發明一實施例中由發行使用者以應 用第9圖之獲得的發行許可證之執行步驟,以執行對應内 容之流程圖; 第1 1圖係顯示信賴型系統之範例之實施架構之方塊 r£l · 圔, 第1 2圖係顯示複數個DRM伺服器可存在於本發明架 構中之方塊圖,其中各(輸入)DRM系統係由另一(登記)伺 服器核發相同登記憑證登記或子登記至架構中; 第13圖係顯示第12圖之登記憑證與呈現於輸入DRM 伺服器至登記DRM伺服器之至少部分例子之保證憑證之 47 1333363 方塊圓;及 第14圖及第15圖係顯示由第13圖及第14圖之登記 及輸入DRM伺服器,以登記(第1 4圖)或子登記(第1 5圖) 輸入的DRM伺服器之執行關鍵步驟之流程圖。 【元件代表符號簡單說明】 10 DRM系統 10a 伺服器物件 10b 伺服器物件 12 (KD(CONTENT)) 13 内容封包 14 通訊網路/匯流排 16 許可證 18 信賴元件 20 資料庫 22 時鐘 100 計算環境 110 電腦元件 110a 計算裝置 110b 計算裝置 110c 物件 1 lOd 物件 1 lOe 計算裝置 120 處理單元
48 1333363 121 系統匯流排 130 系統記憶體
131 ROM
132 RAM
133 BIOS 134 作業系統 135 應用程式
136 其他程式模組 137 程式資料 140 不可移除非揮發性記憶體介面 144 作業系統 145 應用程式 146 其他程式模組 147 程式資料 150 可移除非揮發性記憶體介面 160 使用者輸入介面
161 滑鼠 162 鍵盤 170 網路介面 171 區域網路 172 數據機 173 廣域網路 180 遠端電腦 182 圖形介面 49 1333363
184 GPU 185 遠端應用程式 186 影像記憶體 190 影像介面 191 螢幕 195 輸出周邊介面 196 印表機
19 7 喻1 〇八 302 内容預備應用程式 304 已加密數位内容(CK(content))
306 DRM 用戶 API
308 SRL 3 10 權利管理數位内容 3 12 解密數位内容 320 DRM伺月良器 330 通訊網路
810 離線發行憑證 820 發行許可證 830 憑證鏈 1310 登記/子登記憑證 1 320 憑證鏈 1 330 證明憑證 1 340 憑證 50

Claims (1)

1133^^31--- 年,月日修(更)正瞽換頁 推、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種供一發行使用者發行數位内容及核發其本身一對 應的數位發行者許可證以允許其執行該已發行數位内 容之方法’其中該發行使用者係被提供來自一數位權利 管理(DRM)伺服器之一發行憑證,該發行憑證具有一公 開金餘(PU-OLP)’及一對應的私密金錄(pR_〇LP),其 以與該發行使用者相關之一公開金鑰加密
(PU-ENTITY) ’ 以形成(PU-ENTITY(PR-OLP)),該方法 包含有: 建立該内容與稂據一内容金鑰(CK)加密該已建立 的内容; 為具有由DRM伺服器之一公開金鑰加密之(CK)之 已加密内容產生一權利標籤,以形成(PU-DRM(CK)); 自該發行憑證取出(PU-ENTITY(PR-OLP));
將對應至(PU-ENTITY)之一私密金鑰(PR-ENTITY) 應用至(PU-ENTITY(PR-OLP)),以獲得(PR-OLP); 簽署具有(PR-OLP)之已產生權利標籤,以產生一已 簽署權利標籤(SRL); 將已產生的 SRL及該發行憑證序連至已加密内 容,以形成可分配至另一使用者之一内容封包,該另一 使用者必須聯絡該DRM伺服器,以獲得具有(CK)之一 對應許可證,以執行其中已加密的内容,僅該DRM伺 服器具有對應至(PU-DRM)之一私密金鑰(PR-DRM),且 51 ^333363-^-- 年,月'曰¥(更)正勢換頁 可將(PR-DRM)應用至(PU-DRM(CK)),以獲得(CK); 產生對應於具有由(PU-ENTITY)加密之(CK)之 容封包之許可資料,以形成(PU-ENTITY(CK)); 簽署具有(PR-OLP)之已產生許可證資料,以產生 發行者許可證;及 將該發行憑證附於該發行者許可證,藉此僅具有 應至(PR-ENTITY)之(PR-ENTITY)之發行使用者可將 (PR-ENTITY)應用至來自該發行者許可證 (PU-ENTITY(CK)),以獲得(CK),且藉此解密其已加 内容以執行之。 2.如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中該發行憑證 具有來自該DRM伺服器之一數位簽章,及伴隨導回 一最高憑證管理中心之一憑證鏈,該方法包含有: 根據其簽章驗證該發行憑證及導回至該最高憑 管理中心之該憑證鏈,並自已驗證發行憑證取 (PU-ENTITY(PR-OLP)); 將已產生的 SRL及發行憑證及伴隨的憑證鏈序 至加密的内容,以形成可分配至另一使用者之一内容 包;及 將該發行憑證及伴隨的憑證鏈附於該發行者許 證,藉此該内容封包、該發行者許可證、及該發行憑 結合以形成導回至該最高憑證管理中心之一串鏈數 内 該 對 該 之 密 另 至 證 出 連 封 可 證 位 52 13 孖 363 項目。 3.如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,包含為該已加密内 容產生該權利標籤,該已加密内容具有(PU-DRM(CK)) 及權利資料,其指定必須符合以許可執行該内容之條件 及權利。 4.如申請專利範圍第3項所述之方法,包含有為具有 (PU-DRM(CK))及具有已加密形式之權利資料產生該權 利標籤。 5. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,包含產生對應於該 内容封包之該許可證資料,該内容封包具有 (PU-DRM(CK))及權利資料,其指定必須符合以許可執 行該内容之條件及權利。 6. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之方法,包含產生該許可證 資料,其對應於具有(PU-ENTITY(CK))及具有已加密形 式之權利資料之内容封包。 7. —種根據一自我核發對應的數位發行者許可證供一發 53 2 ------------ ^ ^ ’ ε没⑵正赛換頁 行使用者執行已發行數位内容之方法,該内容係由一内 容金鑰(CK)加密以形成(CK(content)),且該發行者許可 證包含有以與該發行使用者相關之一公開金鑰 (PU-ENTITY)加密的(CK)以形成(PU-ENTITY(CK)),及 其上附有來自一數位權利管理(DRM)伺服器之一發行 憑證,該發行憑證具有一公開金鑰(PU-OLP)及由 (PU-ENTITY)加密之一對應私密金鑰(PR-OLP)以形成 (PU-ENTITY(PR-OLP)),該發行者許可證由(PR-OLP) 簽署,該方法包含有: 根據該憑證鏈驗證該發行憑證; 自該發行憑證獲得(PU-OLP); 使用已獲得的(PU-OLP),以驗證該發行者許可證之 簽章; 自已驗證發行者許可證取得(PU-ENTITY(CK)): 將對應於(PU-ENTITY)之一私密金鑰(PR-ENTITY) 用於(PU-ENTITY(CK))以獲得(CK); 將(CK)用於(CK(content))以獲得該内容;及 將該内容傳至一執行應用以實際執行。 8.如申請專利範圍第7項所述之方法,其中該發行憑證另 具有一數位簽章及伴隨導回至一最高憑證管理中心之 一憑證鏈,該方法另包含有根據其簽章及導回至該最高 憑證管理中心之該憑證鏈驗證該發行憑證。 54 1333363 |· · 一! ll· •7 13 貧 9.如申請專利範圍第7項所述之方法,其中該發行者許可 證包含有(PU-DRM(CK))及權利資料,其指定必須符合 以許可執行該内容之條件及權利’該方法另包含有驗證 權利資料之指定權利及條件以允許執行。
10·如申請專利範圍第9項所述之方法’包含有產生對應於 具有(PU-ENTITY(CK))及具有以加密形式之權利資料 之内容封包之許可資料,該方法另包含加密該權利資 料。
11. 一種其中具有電腦可執行指令之電腦可讀取媒體,用以 執行一種供一發行使用者發行數位内容及核發其本身 一對應的數位發行者許可證,以允許其執行該已發行數 位内容之方法,該發行使用者係被提供來自一數位權利 管理(DRM)伺服器之一發行憑證,該發行憑證具有一公 開金鑰(PU-OLP),及一對應的私密金餘(pR_〇LP),其 以與該發行使用者相關之一公開金输加密 (PU-ENTITY),以形成(PU_ENTITY(PR-OLP)),該方法 包含有,以形成(PU-ENTITY(PR-OLP)),該方法包含有: 建立該内容與根據一内容金鑰(CK)加密該已建立 的内容; 為具有由DRM伺服器之一公開金鑰加密之(CK)之 55
If
已加密内容產生一權利標籤,以形成(PU-DRM(CK)); 自該發行憑證取出(PU-ENTITY(PR-OLP)); 將對應至(PU-ENTITY)之一私密金鑰(PR-ENTITY) 應用至(PU-ENTITY(PR-OLP)),以獲得(PR-OLP); 簽署具有(PR-OLP)之已產生權利標籤,以產生一已 簽署權利標籤(SRL);
將已產生的 SRL及該發行憑證序連至已加密内 容,以形成可分配至另一使用者之一内容封包,該另一 使用者必須聯絡該DRM伺服器,以獲得具有(CK)之一 對應許可證,以執行其中已加密的内容,僅該DRM伺 服器具有對應至(PU-DRM)之一私密金鑰(PR-DRM),且 可將(PR-DRM)用至(PU-DRM(CK)),以獲得(CK); 產生對應於具有由(PU-ENTITY)加密之(CK)之内 容封包之許可資料,以形成(PU-ENTITY(CK));
簽署具有(PR-OLP)之已產生許可資料,以產生該發 行者許可證;及 將該發行憑證附於該發行者許可證,藉此僅具有對 應至(PR-ENTITY)之(PR-ENTITY)之發行使用者可將該 (PR-ENTITY)應用至來自該發行者許可證之 (PU-ENTITY(CK)),以獲得(CK),且藉此解密其已加密 内容以執行之。 12.如申請專利範圍第11項所述之媒體,其中該發行憑證 56 1333363 __, j年月s修(更}正f‘換頁i: 另具有來自該DRM伺服器之一數位簽章,及伴隨導回 至一最高憑證管理中心之一憑證鏈,該方法包含有: 根據其簽章驗證該發行憑證及導回至該最高憑證 管理中心之該憑證鏈,並自已驗證發行憑證取出 (PU-ENTITY(PR-OLP)); 將已產生的 SRL及發行憑證及伴隨的憑證鏈序連 至加密的内容,以形成可分配至另一使用者之一内容封 包;及 將該發行憑證及伴隨的憑證鏈附於該發行者許可 證,藉此該内容封包、該發行者許可證、及該發行憑證 結合以形成導回至該最高憑證管理中心之一串鏈數位 項目。 13. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之媒體,其中該方法包含 為該已加密内容產生該權利標籤,該已加密内容具有 (PU-DRM(CK))及權利資料,其指定必須符合以許可執 行該内容之條件及權利。 14. 如申請專利範圍第13項所述之媒體,其中該方法包含 有為具有(PU-DRM(CK))及具有已加密形式之權利資料 產生該權利標籤。 15. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之媒體,其中該方法包含 57 產生對應於該内容封包之該許可證資料’該内容封包具 有(PU-DRM(CK))及權利資料,其指定必須符合以許可 執行該内容之條件及權利。 16. 如申請專利範圍第15項所述之媒體,其中該方法包含 產生該許可證資料,其對應於具有(PU-ENTITY(CK))及 具有已加密形式之權利資料之内容封包。 17. —種其中具有電腦可執行指令之電腦可讀取媒體,用以 執行一種根據一自我核發對應的數位發行者許可證供 一發行使用者執行已發行數位内容之方法,該内容係由 一内容金鑰(CK)加密以形成(CK(content)),且該發行者 許可證包含有以與該發行使用者相關之一公開金鑰 (PU-ENTITY)加密的(CK)以形成(PU-ENTITY(CK)),及 其上附有來自一數位權利管理(D R Μ)伺服器之一發行 憑證,該發行憑證具有一公開金鑰(PU-OLP)及由 (PU-ENTITY)加密之一對應私密金鑰(pr-〇lp)以形成 (PU-ENTITY(PR-OLP)),該發行者許可證由(pr_〇lp) 簽署,該方法包含有: 根據該憑證鏈驗證該發行憑證; 自該發行憑證獲得(PU-OLP); 使用已獲得(PU-OLP)以驗證該發行者許可證之簽 章; 58 1333363 ;- 〆· 1.13 貧 自已驗證發行者許可證取得(PU-ENTITY(CK)); 將對應於(PU-ENTITY)之一私密金鑰(PR-ENTITY) 應用於(PU-ENTITY(CK))以獲得(CK); 將(CK)用於(CK(content))以獲得該内容;及 將該内容傳至一執行應用程式以實際執行。
18.如申請專利範圍第17項所述之媒體,其中該發行憑證 另具有一數位簽章及伴隨導回至一最高憑證管理中心 之一憑證鏈,該方法另包含有根據其簽章及導回至該最 高憑證管理中心之該憑證鏈驗證該發行憑證。 19. 如申請專利範圍第17項所述之媒體’其中該發行者許 可證包含有(PU-DRM(CK))及權利資料,其指定必須符 合以許可執行該内容之條件及權利,該方法另包含有驗 證權利資料之指定權利及條件以允許執行。
20. 如申請專利範圍第19項所述之媒體,其中該方法包含 有產生對應於具有(PU-ENTITY(CK))及具有以加密形 式之權利資料之内容封包之許可資料,該方法另包含加 密該權利資料》 59
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