TWI330238B - Fluid storage and dispensing vessel,fluid storage and dispensing apparatus, gas cabinet assembly,semiconductor manufacturing process,and method of fabricating a gas source package - Google Patents
Fluid storage and dispensing vessel,fluid storage and dispensing apparatus, gas cabinet assembly,semiconductor manufacturing process,and method of fabricating a gas source package Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI330238B TWI330238B TW96129730A TW96129730A TWI330238B TW I330238 B TWI330238 B TW I330238B TW 96129730 A TW96129730 A TW 96129730A TW 96129730 A TW96129730 A TW 96129730A TW I330238 B TWI330238 B TW I330238B
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- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- container
- fluid storage
- gas
- dispensing
- fluid
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims description 90
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 236
- 238000012384 transportation and delivery Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsane Chemical compound [AsH3] RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 diborane Chemical compound 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000078 germane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- QKCGXXHCELUCKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(dinaphthalen-2-ylamino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-naphthalen-2-ylnaphthalen-2-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(N(C=3C=CC(=CC=3)C=3C=CC(=CC=3)N(C=3C=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=3)C=3C=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=3)C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3)=CC=C21 QKCGXXHCELUCKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- SPVXKVOXSXTJOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N selane Chemical compound [SeH2] SPVXKVOXSXTJOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000058 selane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000059 tellane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- FAQYAMRNWDIXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroborane Chemical compound ClB(Cl)Cl FAQYAMRNWDIXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N disilane Chemical compound [SiH3][SiH3] PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-M succinate(1-) Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilane Chemical compound C[SiH](C)C PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 32
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- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002156 adsorbate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-NJFSPNSNSA-N decane Chemical class CCCCCCCCC[14CH3] DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
- B01D53/053—Pressure swing adsorption with storage or buffer vessel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D59/00—Separation of different isotopes of the same chemical element
- B01D59/22—Separation by extracting
- B01D59/26—Separation by extracting by sorption, i.e. absorption, adsorption, persorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/06—Details or accessories
- B67D7/74—Devices for mixing two or more different liquids to be transferred
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/08—Mounting arrangements for vessels
- F17C13/084—Mounting arrangements for vessels for small-sized storage vessels, e.g. compressed gas cylinders or bottles, disposable gas vessels, vessels adapted for automotive use
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/30—Physical properties of adsorbents
- B01D2253/302—Dimensions
- B01D2253/304—Linear dimensions, e.g. particle shape, diameter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/30—Physical properties of adsorbents
- B01D2253/34—Specific shapes
- B01D2253/342—Monoliths
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/704—Solvents not covered by groups B01D2257/702 - B01D2257/7027
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/706—Organometallic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/93—Toxic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0216—Other waste gases from CVD treatment or semi-conductor manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
- B01D2259/4525—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for storage and dispensing systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
- F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0103—Exterior arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0338—Pressure regulators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
- F17C2205/0391—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters inside the pressure vessel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/05—Applications for industrial use
- F17C2270/0518—Semiconductors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/0318—Processes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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發明說明:
九、發BJ 所屬之技術領域】 體形狀的 送裝置的
%積體氣櫃組件。 【發明所屬 【先前技術】 近幾年來,以吸附劑為基礎的流體儲存與配送裝置已 經使用於半導體製造應用中’以作為用於種種半導體製造 單元操作的氣體供應。 此半導體製造操作的實例包括,卻不限於:離子植入, 其使用氣體試劑,譬如三氟化硼、砷化氫、磷化氫與二硼 烷;含金屬薄膜的化學蒸汽沈積,其係使用種種有機金屬 先質試劑氣體;以及矽在絕緣逋上(S〇I )光電裝置結構 的製造,其係利用矽來源試劑,譬如矽烷與矽烷鹽氣體。 在商業上可得到之以吸附劑為基礎的流體儲存與配送 裝置’包括可從 ATMI,Inc. ( Danbury,CT )與 Matheson Gas Products,Inc. ( parsippany,NJ )得到,商標 SDS 與 SAGE 的氣體來源系統。此系統基本上包括習知的高壓圓筒容 器,其係作為固相物理吸附劑媒介所用的容器,該些媒介 例如分子濾器(矽酸鋁)、活性碳或其他,對儲存在圓筒容 器中並且選擇性地由其配送的流體具有吸附傾向之材料。 圓筒谷器以吸附劑顆粒之床部的形式來將吸附劑媒介吸 住’而且該容器係以吸附氣趙裝填,以致於它能夠以基本 5 I33Q238, 上非常低於此圓筒習知上儲存氣體所使用的壓力(例如 大約1 500-5 000托耳(to rr)或甚至較高的壓力)而吸附性地 留在吸附劑床部上》 因為此壓力程度允許明顯的氣體存貨從容器供應’所 以習知技術高壓圓筒則使用實質的超大氣壓力以來儲存氣 體。不過’此實質的氣體供應容量係伴隨高壓歷縮氣體儲 存之危險與安全問題。因為加壓氣鱧能快速地釋放到容器
周圍,所以在來自 事件中的高壓氣體 環境的風險。這在 在此處許多一般使 境有危險,例如, 以上參考型態 配送容器會達到氣 其乃因為該氣體能 部上,例如400至 將氣體儲存在高壓 破損或閥頭故障的 常低,例如當在容 次大氣壓力時的擴 附劑為基礎的氣體 壓缩氣體圓筒所 (containment)所容 援安全系統。 设陣現損壞閥頭之氣逋圓筒破裂或漏損 圓筒,其係包含將氣體激烈排放到周圍 譬如半導體製造的應用中特別有問題, ::試劑與潔淨氣體係為高毒性且對環 田、大氣接觸時會發火或爆炸。 之以物理,14 體供應 ㈣為基礎的氣體儲存與 以低錯存氣:安全與功用的實質改善, 700托耳 而有利地維持於吸附劑床 壓縮氣體圓筒:亂壓力,或以非常低於 事件中,由3的壓力。於是,在容器
器中吸附遭環境的氣豸比例係非 附劑床部上炻A 散排出巧含有的氣體維持在 由 复 ιβ 儲存與配送容的安全特徵,以吸 需要之争⑯ ’相應地由比習知高壓 納,以在輪早與成本更少的封鎖物 輪送與使用期間内,監視並支 6 I33Q238
當使用以物理性吸附劑為基礎的氣體儲存與配送系 時,配送則藉由達成自固持於圓筒内部體積的物理吸附 媒介去吸附(desorption)氣體而實施,使得該釋放的氣體 著可自容器流出。 去吸附可藉由壓力差而產生,藉此將比容器内部壓 低的壓力設置於容器外。另一選擇,或除此之外,去吸 可由加熱物理吸附劑媒介而產生,以打斷吸附氣體與物 吸附劑媒介之間的低結合鍵。因為仍進一步的配送形式 載體氣體可流經氣體圓筒容器的内部體積,以便將濃度 施加在吸附的氣體上,以影響吸附氣體之質量傳遞到載 氣流内,以接著從具有貫通流載體氣體的容器配送。 習知高壓壓縮氣體儲存與配送所使用,且迄今以物 性吸附劑為基礎的氣體儲存與配送系統所使用的氣體圓 容器,其係以它的名稱,即基本上由鋼鐵或其它金屬合 來形成,具有上頸開口圓筒形容器來表示。閥頭組件係 如藉由焊接、銅銲或類似方法而耦合到頸開口,且包括 動控制閥於包含流動通道的閥頭塊中,主動閥元件係配 於流動通道中,其如期望地選擇性開啟與關閉,以使試 流體自氣體圓筒容器的内部體積釋放流出。 該閥頭可能包括一手動輪、自動閥促動器或者其它 構性元件,以來操作該閥。該閥頭基本上是以排出面上 流體連接器來製造,或者以其他構件來裝置,以將例如 線、導管、歧管等耦合到閥頭,以使氣體能夠從容器流 閥頭與耦合到使用軌跡的流動路徑。該閥頭可能隨意地 統 劑 接 力 附 理 差 體 理 筒 金 例 流 置 劑 結 的 流 經 包 7 I33Q238· 括額外的通道與其中的孔洞,例如,以將該容器充填以吸 附劑媒介,以將安裝吸附劑的床部充填以可吸附的氣體, 以清洗該容器,以在預處理中將容器裡的吸附劑媒介烘 乾,而且該閥頭可能整合或者耦合到合適的配送、監視、 測試設備與控制裝置,以如期望地用來操作氣體儲存與配 送系統。
上述型態的流體儲存與配送裝置係完整地描述於頒佈 給 GlennM. Tom 與 James V.McManus 的美國專利第 5,518,528號中,其之揭示乃於此以參考的方式併入本文。 已經使用於商業上之以物理性吸附劑為基礎的低壓氣 體儲存與配送系統的容器,已連續為習知使用於高壓壓縮 氣體儲存與配送裝置的重金屬圓筒型。在以吸附劑為基礎 系統中之重金屬圓筒持久使用,係可歸因於許多因素。
此圓筒容器已經使用超過1〇〇年,其係並且一般由遍 及全球的管理權所認可,以用來儲存、傳遞與配送氣體。 這些容器可簡單地得到,並且可由大量製造商所大量製 造。他們相對地便宜並且廣泛地被接受。 有關這些因素的事實是因為所儲存氣體的體積是壓力 的函數,所以起因於他們最小區域(亦即圓形)截面形狀 的圓筒容器則能夠以相對於其他幾何結構的最小應力與變 形來容納所含氣體的升高壓力水平。以符合安全考量的最 高壓力來使用此些容器則已常用,以將容器中的氣體存貨 最大化。因為圓筒容器會為了高壓氣體負荷而「過度設計 (overdesigned)」,所以此等容器已被視為安全封裝。再者, 1330238. 在包含有毒與危險氣體處,管理條例則已託管於此種安全 封裝。
為了所有這些原因,重金屬圓筒容器已經為用於以物 理性吸附劑為基礎之氣體儲存與傳送系統的標準封裝。除 此因素外,此容器具有種種相關缺陷則是為人所認知的。 由於他們過度設計的特徵,圓筒壁是厚的,而且由於以鋼 或其它結構金屬製造,故此容器相對於較輕量之物品會具 有明顯的重量,且因此花費輸送成本。再者,重圓筒容器 係為垂直豎立延長形式,其具有一般>>ι的長度對直徑 比率,並因此龐大且笨重地不利於移動、安裝且改變。 因此,在此技藝中,則引人注目地需要一種新的且改 善的以物理性吸附劑為基礎之氣體儲存與配送系統的封 裝。 【發明内容】
在一態樣中,本發明係關於一種流體儲存與配送裝 置,其包含具有内部體積的流體儲存與配送容器,其中該 内部容器包含吸收性地留住一流體的物理吸附劑,而且該 流體可自該吸附劑釋放(desorbable),以自該容器配送,而 且一配送組件則耦合到該容器,以將自該容器釋放的流體 配送,其中該流體儲存與配送容器係為長方體形式。 本發明的另一態樣係關於氣櫃組件,包含: 一氣櫃,定義一密封的内部體積並且包括流動路徑於 該内部體積内,其係配置來從該櫃配送氣體;以及
(S 9 1330238 一氣體源,配置於該氣櫃的内部體積並且以氣體供應 的關係耦合到流動路徑,其中該氣體源包含長方體形式的 至少一流體儲存與配送容器,各流體儲存與配送容器包含 吸附性地吸住該氣體於其上的物理吸附劑,而且配送組件 則耦合到該流體儲存與配送容器,以配送該氣體,從該容 器流動到該流動路徑。
本發明的進一步態樣係關於一種減少氣櫃組件足跡 (footprint)的方法,包含一氣櫃,該氣櫃包含一氣體源, 該氣體源包括至少一氣體儲存與配送容器,該容器包含吸 附性地吸住該氣體於上的一物理吸附劑,該方法包含將該 各個至少一氣體儲存與配送容器提供作為具有長方體型式 的容器。
本發明的仍進一步態樣係關於一種以低壓儲存並且配 送氣體的方法,包含:製造具有長方體型式的容器;配置 一物理吸附劑於對該氣體具有吸附傾向的容器中;填充該 氣體到該容器,以吸附於該物理吸附劑上;以包含可促動 閥的閥頭來將該容器密封,以將物理吸附劑與所吸附的氣 體封住,並且將其與容器的外部環境隔離;將吸附到的氣 體自物理吸附劑釋放,並且將閥頭中的促動閥促動,以將 氣體從容器流經促動閥,以用於氣體配送。 在另一態樣中,本發明係關於一種在半導體製造設備 的排氣洗滌器上減少流動負擔的方法,該製造設備包含一 通氣的氣櫃,而通風的氣體則當操作氣櫃時會流經該氣 櫃,該方法包含在通風氣體自氣櫃排出以前,將該通風氣 10 1330238· 體接觸氣櫃的洗滌媒介,以移除可洗滌的污染物,並且自 氣櫃排出予以洗滌的通風氣體,從而將藉由該半導體製造 設備的排氣洗滌器來處理排氣通風氣體的處理需求消除。
本發明的又另一態樣乃關於氣櫃組件,包含:一排氣 的氣櫃,其定義一密封的内部體積並且包括於該内部體積 内之流動路徑,其係配置以從該櫃配送製程氣體;一製程 氣體源,配置在氣櫃内部體積並且以氣體供應到流動路徑 的關係來耦合;一通風氣體源,配置以將通風氣體饋給到 通風氣櫃;一通風氣體排氣口,用來排放來自通風氣櫃的 通風氣體;以及一使用點(p〇int-of-use)洗滌器,其係配置 在通風氣櫃的内部體積,其係配置以在將通風氣體從通風 氣櫃經由通風氣體出口而排出之前,將可洗滌的污染物自 通風氣體移除。 本發明的其它態樣、特徵與具體實施例將由接踵而來 之揭露與附加之申請專利範圍而更完整明瞭。
【實施方式】 本發明係依據以物理性吸附劑為基礎之流體儲存與配 送裝置可能使用具有長方體構造的流體儲存與配送容器來 製造的揭露,至於釋放製程的性質與範圍,可在容器中之 物理吸附劑媒介得到的封裝密度,以及包含半導體製造操 作用之此種容器之流體儲存與配送裝置的效用上,本發明 則具有令人驚訝與意外的優點。 借由解釋本發明流體儲存與配送裝置裡長方體構造容 11 1330238
器之意想不到的優點為背景,使用長方體構造來作為 理性吸附劑為基礎的流體儲存與配送系統則最初予以 為高度不利,其乃因為:(I )假如容器各面是一隔開 的話,那麼長方體容器則具有製造所需的六面與十二 線(相比之下,圓筒容器則可能在沒有由於管狀滚製 而產生缝的情形下形成);(Π)與(I ) 一致的,長 構造容器的製造成本將令人希望實質高於相應的圓 器;(m) —長方體構造,包含在相鄰垂直向牆壁接合 的「尖銳」角落,其係提供在接合線上形成裂缝的可能 其中相對於相應圓筒幾何結構的容器,吸附劑床部將 對著該角落而「封裝」(其係缺乏此種角落,反而卻是 該容器之内部體積裡物理性吸附劑材料床部界線的最 面面積形狀);以及(IV)相對於「無缝」的圓筒容器 彼此垂直牆的交會處會產生一接合處,該接合處易受 於上之壓力或力所引起的破裂影響。 不過,申請者已經發現到,長方體構造會導致一 器,該容器在靠近相鄰牆交會處的接缝處,真的具有 緊貼的封裝吸附劑床部區域,但其非為缺點,由於具 空隙釋放或未吸附氣體用之自大部分吸附劑床部體積 的較高氣體流傳導路徑,故此較低密度的吸附劑床部 實際上則是有好處的。 再者,正好因為圓筒形容器是截面面積最小的構 其具有外接牆壁區域的最小圓周範園,而A存在"於 狀容器之牆壁的吸附劑數量則予以最大化。相反之下 以物 考慮 部份 焊接 鋼塊 方體 筒容 處上 性, 不會 畫出 小截 ,兩 施加 種容 較不 有供 流出 區域 造, 圓筒 ,在 12 1330238·
長方體結構中,截面接附(鄰近)吸附劑床部之牆 周範圍比在圓筒容器中還大很多。因為連接吸附劑 牆壁表面具有非吸附性的特徵,所以長方體結構於 出該容器的氣體體積比排出對應尺寸大小之圓筒容 體體積還高,而且在吸附床部外面邊緣上,長方體 器的會相稱地比圓筒狀容器的還多。結果,在牆壁 去的氣體會比在吸附劑床部内部部份釋放的氣體, 初自吸附劑媒介脫去釋開(release)之後,更不能予 吸附。 再者,'長方體構造具有特別的功效,以用來以 式吸住吸附劑,其係例如在J.D.Carruthers與本案 請且一同審理中的美國專利申請案「具有單體碳吸 氣體儲存與配送系統」所揭露出的型態。如在此文 中使用的,「單體」意味著吸附劑媒介是單一或者像 樣的形式,對比於習知精細分割的形式,譬如珠子、 細粒、彈丸與類似物,其係一般以包含複數個此種 顆粒、細粒、彈丸等等的床部形式來使用。因此, 個精細分割之物理性吸附劑元件的床部形式,活性 的空隙體積係在主部份空隙或者中間顆粒,如所預 其係根據吸附劑顆粒的尺寸、形狀與封裝密度而變 較之下,活性吸附劑的裂缝體積係成吸附劑材料固 孔以及可能在製程期間内可能形成於大塊吸附劑體 缝形式。 在一具體實施例中,本發明係關於一長方體容 壁的圓 床部的 是使排 器的氣 構造容 區域脫 在其最 以重新 整體形 共同申 附劑的 章脈絡 塊狀那 顆粒、 珠子、 以複數 吸附劑 料的* 化。相 有的多 部的裂 器,其 13 1330238 定義-密封的内部體積並且具有麵合到氣 孔洞,以用來將氣體自容器選擇性地排出。 組件的一 含合適形式的吸附劑媒彳,例 長方體容器包 穴供死分容量认 氣㈣吸收保留,在脫去情況下提供良好的氣:數量 放,提供具有良好傾斜行為的良好作業容量’, 去釋
吸附氣體的高程度釋放),以及對所關注氣體呈2 ’最初 附傾向的形式’以致於在其中氣體㈣存期間内^當吸 體壓力維持於該容器的内部體積。 ’低氣 物理吸附劑因此可以是分離的形式,例如小珠、 環、小片、小塊、圓筒狀擠物、微粒、立 彈丸、 肋·〜狀、握制 何規則或不規則形狀、或者任何其它 、製幾 v 蛾任何#彳/ 當配置於長方體容器内部體積時,有用地施加到吸附劑: 介,其係在此應用來固定儲存於此容器 、 :且從該容器 擇性地配送的氣體。 遊
&以此分離形式來提供時的物理吸附劑,其係以此種 形式質量的形式來使用,如吸附劑媒介的床部。以應用於 該容器之特定形狀分離形式的質量傳送考量與封裝因素為 基礎,此分離型式的尺寸可簡易地決定用在本發明特定目 的使用之應用。 或者,物理吸附劑可能是單體形式,包含塊狀物、磚 塊狀物、鎮嵌物、或尺寸與長方體容器相稱的類似形式吸 附劑材料’以致使該容器包含一個或小數目,例如小於 75,更佳地係小於20個分離的單體顆粒。在進一步的較佳 態樣中’該容器包含不超過8個此種分離的單體顆粒,甚 14 1330238 至更較佳地不超過四個此種顆粒,最佳地,該容器含有單 一單體物理性吸附顆粒。
部署在該長方體容器中的單體顆粒提供一吸附劑質量 (合計地,假設該吸附劑以複數個單體顆粒形式來提供的 話),該吸附劑質量在尺寸與形狀上符合長方體容器的内部 體積,以致於單體顆粒的吸附劑質量佔長方體容器内部體 積的至少6 0%,較佳地是從該容器内部體積的大約75%至 大約95% 。 假如以單一單體形式來提供的話,吸附劑媒介可能為 了此種目的而形成於容器的原來位置裡,例如藉由為液體 或其它可流動形式之有機樹脂的熱分解,而該容器則在該 容器之有機樹脂熱分解以前填滿。
假如以複數個單體顆粒形式來交替提供的話,此些顆 粒的每一個均具有在0.3倍與1.0倍此容器内部體積高度 的長度,以及0.1倍與0.5倍容器矩形截面面積之間的截 面面積。各單體元件較佳地具有將容器内部體積之體積使 用最大化的長方體形狀,其中各單體元件可能水平與/或縱 向地緊鄰、表面接觸該容器内部體積中相鄰的單體元件。 或者,在某些情形中,吸附劑單體元件可期望為固體圓筒 的形式,而個別的圓筒元件則裝載於内部體積内,以沿著 他們所面對的側表面而切線地彼此緊鄰,並且至少在它們 圓形截面端表面上面對面接觸地部份彼此緊鄰。 在本發明氣體儲存與配送裝置中氣體儲存與配送容器 的長方體形狀,其係使該容器適應安裝與氣櫃中的封鎖,
c S 15 1330238-
譬如在半導體製造設施中所廣 浪費的體積最小化。這會達到 好處,該些容器則藉由它們的 及氣櫃之其它長方體與方形元 鄰近或緊鄰氣體儲存與配送容 再者,當將複數個容器部 排列時,習知圓筒容器的圓形 顯的空間浪費,反之,本發明 係來排列,而它們相鄰的側牆 常靠近,以將氣櫃内部所浪費 相對於習知圓筒狀容器, 置中的長方體容器因此則會達 減少。結果,比起習知技術可 體可儲存在具有本發明容器之 接著減少當操作氣櫃時,容器 當改變耗盡氣體供應容器時所 進一步減少氣櫃設備所有者的 填滿體積的空間為3.62公升, 位置的習知圓筒容器,#胃滿 升。此外,相同供應氣體存貨 將對氣櫃安全所必需產生之通 跡減少。 泛使用f,其係將氣櫃中所 與習知圓筒容器有關的實質 圓形截面而產生鄰近牆壁以 件的空間浪費,該些元件係 器。 署在氣櫃並且以並排方式來 截面則會在氣櫃内部產生明 的長方體容器可以並排的關 表面則彼此緊鄰接觸或者非 空間的存在與數量最小化。 在本發明氣體儲存與配送裝 成氣櫃内未用過空間的明顯 能的圓筒容器,有更多的氣 氣櫃的相同内部體積裡。這 改變的頻率,其係進一步將 消耗的操作時間減少,並且 成本。圖1之長方體容器所 而在氣體盒中佔用相同物理 體積的空間則僅僅為2,2公 的氣櫃則可使之更小,從而 風所需要的氣櫃與氣流的足 如在此所使用的, cabinetry)」指的是至少 名稱「氣榧」舆「氣想細 一氣體供應容器所使用 工傢俱(gas 的密封物。 16 1330238. 該密封物可裝置流動路徑,包括管道、歧管、氣門、質量 流動控制器、壓力與溫度監視裝置,而且該密封室可能予 以通風’其係包含來自密封室外部之潔淨乾燥空氣來源 (CDA )的潔淨乾燥空氣流,而通風排氣則排放到部署密 封室之設備的房屋排氣處理系統,或者不然的話,當作再 循環流動氣趙地處理以及再循環經過該密封室。 在具體應用中的密封室可能是半導體製程工具的元件 部件,譬如在離子植入系統申的氣體盒。 該密封室可配置來容納一單一氣體供應容器,或者它 可配置來容納一容器陣列,例如2或3或更多個容器,其 中各個皆可部署來提供相同或不同的氣體’而且其中該容 器可能以任何合適的方式而與流動路徑耦合,例如當將來 自現有已準備容器的氣體耗盡時,與流動路徑所切換到之 密封室的支援容器耦合’其乃藉由密封室中合適的監視與 控制元件’譬如在一預定時間,或者在一個或更多個監視 製程情況處於預定設定點範圍的時間内,連接到微處理器 控制器並且配置以操作已準備容器的循環計時器。 在本發明氣體供應散置中的長方體容器,其係可以任 何適當的方式來製造’例如藉由薄層金屬的焊接或者薄層 金屬塊的擠壓成形。該金屬可能為任何適當的型態,包括 鋼、不鏽鋼、鋁、銅、黃铜、青鋼或者其它金屬或金屬合 金。或者,該容器可藉由類似技術或其它技術來形成,例 如超音波焊#、熔化焊接、雷射烊接等等,其係源自聚合 材料、陶究材#、玻璃與玻璃體材料,以及具有適合氣體
c S 17 1330238 儲存與配送容器之結構材科特色的合成材料,例如具有詨 容器之氣體封鎖作用的充分低滲透性。 、 孩莩器你迥富地袈造具有 例如在該
容器的頂面上,而該閥頭或者其它配送組件則可以密封 (leak-tight)的方式連接到該容器頂面,例如藉由合適的谭 接與密封技術以及該容器與該配送構件之特定材=所相稱 的材料。在將該閥頭接合到該容器以前,該容器可經由該 開口而充填以微粒狀的吸附劑,或者該容器可在附加最後 牆壁元件之前以安裝單體形式的吸附劑來形成,或者該^ 體吸附劑可如先前所述地形成於原來的位置。 一旦安裝在容器後,吸附劑媒介則可立即地以其他方 式來除氣(degassed)或者預先處理,譬如藉由熱處理、壓力 化/去壓力化循環、或其它方法。該吸附劑氣體則在最後封 裝以前充填到該容器,而且在此充填過程中的容器則可能 譬如藉由階梯式地(step-wise)充填而冷卻或者熱處理,以 將吸收的熱消散。
^ 充填過的容器隨後則例如藉由闊頭的關閉而密封,之 後,充填過的氣體供應容器則可適當地儲存、輪送或者使 現在參考圖式,圖丨係為根據本發明具體實施 長 方 容Λ稷儲存與配送容器10的透視圖,其係具有焊接到該 頂面的導管閥連接閥頭12與把柄14。在—特定具體 實施例 γ的谷器10係形成有焊接的鋼牆結構,其沿著該容 器的垂會fwui、 Q縱向)軸係具有一方形截面。該容器的牆壁係 18 為ο 公升 示的 紋連 適數 存與 與焊 圖1 2具 含具 内部 電路 去吸 附性 出,i 濃度 製造 限於 應性 .100英吋厚的碳鋼’而且該容器的内部體積則為362 。把柄14係為1/4英吋的桿材料,其係形成為如圖所 形狀,並且焊接在該容器10的個別端點上。 該導管閥連接閥頭12的配送閥係藉由導管螺 接而與該容器10螺旋地嚙合。該閥頭可能具有任何合 目的孔洞,例如單孔閥頭、雙孔閥頭、3孔閥頭等等。 圖2係為根據本發明另一具體實施例之長方體流體儲 配送容器10的透視圖,其具有凸緣型閥連接閥頭i2A 接到谷器10頂面的把柄14。圓2的閥頭因而不同於 所示者,相對於圖!所示的導管型連接,其具有在圖 體實施例中的凸緣型連接。圖2所示的凸緣型連接包 有栓到容器10頂面之〇環槽溝的凸緣元件。 圖1與圖2之具體實施例中的氣體儲存與配送容器的 體積含有吸住吸附性氣體的物理吸附劑媒介,而當此 輕合閥頭而且閥頭的閥開啟以使吸附性氣體脫出以及 附性氣趙從容器排放到流動路徑與下游耗氣製程。吸 氣趙可從吸附性材料去吸附,而以任何適合的方式排 包含例如以磨力調解的釋放、以熱調解的釋放及/或以 梯度調解的釋放。 下游的耗氣製程可能是任何合適的型態,例如半導體 製程。此半導體製造製程的說明性實例包括,但未侷 離子植入、藉由不同於離子植入、化學蒸汽沈積、反 離子蝕刻、光阻殘餘物移除之摻雜。 吸著物氣體同樣亦可為任何合適的型態,經由實例包 19 1330238 上述的單體形式。 該容器係裝置以凸緣型閥連接閥頭12A,其具有藉由 0環密封物18而以漏出-緊密的方式而固定到該容器之頂 部牆壁的凸緣元件,而且該把柄則藉由銲接到該容器的頂 部牆壁而固定。
在長方體型儲存與配送容器結構的另一變化中,圖3 顯示設置有隨意蓋 13的容器。以圖式形式來描述的蓋子 1 3,其係亦為長方體形狀,並且在蓋子的個別側面上設有 開口 15。當設有此蓋子時的容器,其係可在沒有圖3所示 之把柄的情形下予以製造,或者,把柄可在蓋子13上予以 製造。蓋子13上的開口 15設一把柄結構,其係使全部的 容器組件能夠手動地控制並且輸送,而且此些開口同樣能 夠通到閥頭1 2 A,例如以用來將配送線耦合到該閥頭的排 氣口。
蓋子13可以任何適合的方式而固定到在圖3修改容器 結構令的容器體部,例如藉由在容器體部與蓋子上的互補 嚙合耦合元件,藉此蓋子與容器體部可機械式地彼此互 連,例如插接型耦合、螺旋嚙合纏結耦合、機械結件耦合 (閂鎖型耦合、螺栓及螺帽型耦合等等)、彈簧偏置壓缩配 合耦合等等。 蓋子同樣提供使閥頭免於碰撞、接觸其它結構或體部 的壓縮/拉緊力、以及擁有傷害閥頭或修補其實用性之潛力 之與其它物件的其它互動。 該蓋子可進一步設有一把柄元件,焊接或不然連結到 21 1330238 蓋子1 3,例如連結到其側表面,或者以其他方式固定到蓋 子。 由於仍進一步的替代物,該容器組件可包括個別的蓋 子與把柄元件,其係均個別地耦合到容器體部。
由於根據本發明所設計之流體儲存與配送裝置的具體 實例,顯示且參考圖3而說明的裝置型態,其係以具有4.5 英吋X4.5英吋截面的容器來製造。該容器的高度是12.3 英吋,而該容器的牆壁與地板厚度則是0.188英吋。該容 器係由焊接的盒管形成。該容器可以凸緣的Ο環密封頂板 或者焊接的頂板來製造。
凸緣的0環密封頂板配置可以具有中間開口之適當厚 度的頂板來實施,例如大約〇. 6 1英11寸。例如V i t ο η 彈性 體的〇環,其係繞著中間開口的周圍而放置,而且閥插入 環隨後則固定在該開口的適當位置。該閥插入環包括一上 碟部份,其係向下地依賴比上碟部份直徑還小的插塞部 份,該插塞部份緊密地安裝在頂板的中心開口内,其具有 Ο環在上碟部份下側與頂板上表面之間。 該容器蓋子具有一扭轉與鎖住機制,其具有一彈簧活 塞鎖住鑰匙,其包括痩長的細缝於蓋子底座以及三個肩狀 的螺栓。當使用時,將蓋子底座的瘦長細縫在三個肩狀的 螺栓上擠壓向下,轉動15度以嚙合螺栓,而且該鎖住插拴 之後則避免進一步的轉動,並且將蓋子固定放置在容器 上。或者,該容器蓋子具有一直接的附加物與兩個鎖住插 拾。 22 1330238 蓋子側牆壁開口 (圖3中的開口 15 )係為3英吋x3 英吋的開口 ,而且塑膠手柄墊可固定到該開口的上緣,以 促進該裝置手動控制的控制能力。
所顯示裝置的容器係為是拉製心床部(DOM)方形截 面導管,其係可具有銳90角的圓角,方形截面的導管係由 焊接的導管塊所形成,其具有消失在冷牽拉製程中的焊 接。此冷牵拉製程的結果係為在一端關閉且在其相對端開 啟的無缝方形截面導管。在將單體吸附劑插入於方形截面 導管内部體積之後,頂板係銲接到牵引方形截面導管的開 啟端。當蓋子為插接蓋設計時,頂板可具有一 NPT螺紋, 以容納閥頭組件與肩狀接腳,以容納該蓋子。 在所示裝置中的容器可由鍛造的鋁、鋼、或其它合適 的結構材料來形成。該頂板可由相同或不同的結構材料來 形成8
如上所述,根據本發明所設計的流體儲存與配送裝 置,其係以對習知技術中所習知使用的圓筒容器提供實質 改善的方式,而有用地配置於氣櫃中。至於習知氣櫃的長 方體幾何結構,藉著它們的長方體形狀,本發明容器可以 保角的方式而使用於氣櫃中。藉由符合氣櫃的形狀(亦即, 具有與氣櫃側邊牆成面對面緊鄰,或者甚至鄰接的關係之 流體儲存與配送裝置的牆壁),在本發明的實施中係可避免 歸屬於圓筒容器的「體積耗損j。 圖4係為根據本發明進一步態樣所設計之氣櫃組件的 概略圖式,其係包含具有内部體積30的氣櫃20,其中配 23 1330238 置有長方體氣體儲存與配送容器50與52,以作為根據本 發明所建構之個別氣體儲存與配送裝置的元件。 包括氣體儲存與配送容器50的氣體儲存與配送裝置 具有一閥頭48,其係與自動閥促動器44耦合,並且可操 作,以開啟閥頭48中的閥,以將來自容器50之予以釋放 的吸著物氣體流入連接到歧管線24的分支排氣線34。
自動閥促動器44係由信號輸送線46連接到令央處理 單元(CPU ) 58,其係可能包含一般目的的可程式電腦, 其係可程式化地配置以經由某目的之自動閥促動器 44的 促動,而在氣櫃系統的預定操作期間内,實施將氣體從容 器50配送之操作,以及藉由在線46中輸送到自動閥促動 器44的適當信號而關掉在閥頭48中的氣體流控制閥。
因此,從容器50配送的氣體會經由閥頭48與排氣線 34而流動到與氣體流配送調節器36耦合的歧管線24,其 係並且最後排氣到與氣體流配送調節器3 6耦合的排氣線 38中。氣體流配送調制器36係藉由信號傳輸線60而耦合 到CPU58,以根據下游的耗氣製程的氣體需求來調制氣體 流配送調節器36(未示於圖4)。 圖4氣櫃組件亦可包括相應配置的氣體儲存與配送容 器52,其係裝置以藉由信號輸送線66而耦合到CPU5 8的 閥頭54與自動閥促動器56,藉此來自容器52的氣體可用 與上述包含容器50之氣體儲存與配送裝置的相同方式而 選擇性地在分支排氣線22上流動到與氣體流配送調節器 36耦合的歧管線24。 24 1330238· 在圖4的氣櫃組件中,氣體儲存與配送容器50與52 係以彼此並排相鄰的關係來排列,容器5 0係對著氣櫃2 0 的邊牆而鄰接地安放,而且兩容器50與52對著氣櫃20 的背牆鄰接地安放。
當使用本發明以物理性吸附劑為基礎的氣體儲存與配 送系統時,氣櫃組件可藉由將基本上用來使來自氣櫃之排 氣流動到半導體製造設備排氣系統的導管刪除而能材料性 地簡化,該組件基本上包括大型洗滌器,用來處理該設備 的排氣氣流。因為本發明之以物理性吸附劑為基礎的氣體 儲存與配送系統是一低壓氣體供應系統,所以從氣櫃中受 損或故障閥頭、耦合件等等的潛在排氣率則會最小化,而 且譬如經過櫃子内部體積之CDA的旋刮氣體流動率,其係 可與使用習知技術高壓圓筒之氣櫃系統有關地顯著降低。
在本發明另一態樣中,以物理性吸附劑為基礎的氣體 儲存與配送系統的提高安全性可利用來排除到排氣洗滌系 統的管道,並且適當地使用氣櫃本身的簡單使用點洗滌 器,以確保將從氣櫃中所排出排氣的任何低程度污染物移 除。 此使用點洗滌器的說明性具體實施例係圖式地顯示於 圖4的氣櫃系統。如圖所示,進氣線25將CDA或任何旋 到氣體輸送到氣櫃2 0内,以清淨氣榧的内部體積3 0,以 致於氣櫃中任何有毒或危險的污染物能夠從内部體積排 掉,並且不會積聚到接近明確危險成分之極限值(TLV ) 的任何程度,該些明確危險成分可能牽連進包含氣櫃之氣 25 1330238 體源容器的氣體配送操作。 該氣櫃係裝置在具有使用點氣體洗滌器61的撒子20 内部體積30裡,該洗滌器吸收來自内部體積3〇的排氣並 且使之與合適的洗滌媒介接觸,例如與氣體污染種類起反 應的化學吸附物,以移除到可檢測與有毒的濃度以下。氣 體洗梅器61可能如所示地牆裝在櫃子的邊牆上。與洗滌器 媒介接觸的氣體係從排氣排出線63的櫃子20排出》 雖然概略性地圖示是為了使顯示與說明容易,但是將 理解到的是,該洗務器可以任何適合的方式來部署,例如 以一小洗滌器單元在氣櫃之氣板文氏管裝置的入口(低壓 側)上。在排氣排出線63上的氣體可能通到房屋排氣的導 B 越過房屋排氣洗蘇器,並從而減少房屋洗蘇器上的氣 體負擔,而至於從氣櫃排出的氣體特徵卻能維持高度安全。 在使用於圖4具體實施例的使用點洗滌器中,洗務器 可裝置以終端檢測器,以確定洗滌器材料的終點(亦即是, 起因於在氣植廣泛使用之反應性消耗洗滌器材料的排氣方 法)。種種型態的終點檢測則可予以應用。 在第一型態的终點檢測器中’當洗滌器是當它接觸氣 體櫃排氣的目標污染物種類時改變顏色之型態的時候,觀 測玻璃可予以併入洗蘇器中,例如藉由將其安裝在洗滌器 罩室或容器的窗戶開口中《最初洗滌器媒介的耗盡可由氣 櫃操作者視覺上操作,而且以新鮮洗滌器媒介來取代耗盡 材料之洗滌器媒介的改變,其係可有效地安排當作經由視 覺玻璃來例行檢測洗滌器媒介的部分程式。 26 1330238 第二種終端檢測器使用一比色法感應器, ’測’洗條器媒介的色彩變化並且促動一警報器或 通知操作個人改變洗滌器的需要。感應器亦可 風*概中的流動閥,以避免操作重新開始,直到 改變為止。 毒性氣體偵測器(TGM ),其係亦可在決 ~~方法中’整合入洗蘇器單元的體部。此方法 洗務器單元中所使用的洗滌器媒介接觸到目標 種類而沒有顯示顏色改變之處有用地使用。 第四端點決定技術應用一可程式邏輯控制 早疋’以計算自從安裝洗滌器單元起之氣體儲 器的改變數目,並且促動警報或播報構件,以 變洗滌器單元之需求的輸出。PLC單元可配置 器所接觸到、來自單一氣體儲存與配送容器以 洗滌器媒介容量的氣體量,而在洗滌器媒介耗 的氣體儲存與配送容器改變的數目則可予以決 將理解到的是.,本發明的合成物與方法可 中廣泛揭露的寬廣改變方式來實施。於是,當 考特疋特徵、態樣與具體實施例,而將本發明 時將7人理解到的是,本發明並沒有受到限 許以其他改變、修改與具體實施例來實施。於 傾向於廣泛地解釋為包含在本發明申請專利範 此種變化、更改與具體實施例。 以自動地檢 者報導,以 配置以關掉 洗滌器媒介 定终點的第 能1在·使用點 氣體污染物 器(PLC ) 存與配送容 提供表示改 以算出洗務 及來自輸入 盡之前進行 定。 能β符合其 在此已經參 說明於其中 制,但卻容 是,本發明 園内的所有 27
Claims (1)
1330238 Pf年日修(更)正私文頁 十、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種流體儲存與配送容器,具有一内部體積;一孔洞用 以自該内部體積配送流體;以及一連接至該孔洞之一閥, 其中該流體儲存與配送容器係為長方體形式。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中該 内部體積包含:一物理吸附劑,該物理吸附劑係吸附性地 吸住一流體於上,而且該流體可釋放用來自該容器配送。 3 .如申請專利範圍第2項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中該 物理性吸附劑係為分離形式,其構成一床部於該容器内部 體積中。 4. 如申請專利範圍第3項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中該 分離形式包含從組成小珠、顆粒、細粒、彈丸、環、小片、 小塊、圓筒狀擠物、立體形狀與模製幾何規則或不規則形 狀之群組中選出的形式。 5. 如申請專利範圍第2項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中該 物理性吸附劑係為單體形式。 6. 如申請專利範圍第5項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中該 單體形式係從塊狀物、磚塊狀物與鑲嵌物組成的群组中選 30 1330238 ___ 月π日修(更)正替換頁 出。 7. 如申請專利範圍第5項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中該 單體形式包含一單體顆粒。 8. 如申請專利範圍第5項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中該 單體形式包含複數個分離的單體顆粒。 9. 如申請專利範圍第8項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中該 容器的該内部體積包含少於 75顆的該物理性吸附劑分離 單體顆粒。 1 0.如申請專利範圍第8項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中 該容器的該内部體積包含少於 20顆的該物理性吸附劑分 離單體顆粒。 1 1 .如申請專利範圍第5項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中 該單體物理吸附劑提供一吸收物質量,該吸收物質量在尺 寸與形狀上符合該容器的該内部體積。 12·如申請專利範圍第11項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中 該吸收物質量佔有該容器的該内部體積的至少60¾ 。 31 1330238 γ年Γ月/ Θ日修(更)正替換頁 13. 如申請專利範圍第8項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中 該些分離單體顆粒具有/長方體形狀。 14. 如申請專利範圍第8項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中 複數個分離單體顆粒的每一個均具有一固態圓筒形式》 15. 如申請專利範圍第2項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中 該流體包含在半導體製造中具有實用性的一流體。 16. 如申請專利範圍第15項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中 該流體包含一流體種類,其係從神(arsine )、填化氫 (phosphine)、栖化氫(hydrogen selenide)、碌酸氫 (hydrogen telluride)、三氟化氛(nitrogen trifluoride)、 三氣化蝴(boron trifluoride )、三氣化棚(boron trichloride )、二棚氫化物 (diborane )、三曱基梦炫 (trimethysilane)、四曱基珍炫(tetramethylsilane)、二石夕 烧(disilane)、砍烧(silane)、鍺烧(germane)與有機金 屬氣體狀試劑(organometallic gaseous reagents)組成的 群組選出》 17.如申請專利範圍第2項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中 該流體在該内部體積中具有不超過約1500托耳的一壓力。 [S 3 32 1330238 年广月/ 〇日修(更)正替換頁 18.如申請專利範圍第2項之流體儲存與配送容器,其t 該流體在該内部體積中具有不超過約7 00托耳的一壓力》 1 9.如申請專利範圍第2項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中 該流體在該内部體積中的壓力範圍從大約 400牦耳到约 700托耳。 20·如申請專利範圍第1項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中 該容器包含從金屬、玻璃、陶瓷、玻璃體材料、聚合體與 複合材料所組成群組中選出的结構材料。 21_如申請專利範圍第20項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中 該容器包含一金屬結構材料。 22. 如申請專利範圍第21項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中 該金屬係從鋼、不鏽鋼、鋁、銅、黃銅、青銅或者其金屬 合金組成的群組中選出。 23. 如申請專利範圍第2項之流體儲存與配送容器,其中 該物理性吸附劑包含碳。 24. 如申請專利範圍第2項之流體储存與配送容器,其中 該物理性吸附劑包含活性碳。 33 1330238 ___________ ff年期〜3修(更η換頁 2 5.如申請專利範圍第1項之流體儲存與配送容器,其進 一步包含可分離式地固定到該容器的一蓋子。 26. —種流體儲存與配送裝置,其包含申請專利範圍第1 項之該流體儲存與配送容器以及一配送組件,該配送組件 係耦合到該閥以用來配送來自該容器的釋放流體。 27. 如申請專利範圍第26項之流體儲存與配送裝置,其中 該配送組件係耦合到該容器的一上部部分,以用來配送來 自該容器的釋放流體。 28. 如申請專利範圍第26項之流體儲存與配送裝置,其中 該配送組件係藉由一蓋子而保護性地圍繞。 29. —種氣櫃組件,包含: (a) —氣櫃,其定義一密封内部體積且包括於該内部 體積内之流動路徑,該路徑係配置以將氣體自該氣櫃配 送;以及 (b) 至少一個申請專利範圍第1項之流體儲存與配 送容器。 30. 如申請專利範圍第29項之氣櫃组件,其中該氣櫃係通 34 1330238 ff年!~月~日修(更)正替換頁 風到一半導體製造設備的房屋排氣系統。 31· —種半導體製程,其包含從申請專利範圍第1項之該 流體儲存與配送容器來配送流體,以用於該製程° 32.如申請專利範圍第31項之半導體製程’其令該製程係 選自離子植入、化學氣相沉積、反應性離子钱刻與光阻殘 餘物移除。 33. 如申請專利範圍第31項之半導體製程,其中該流體係 從石申(arsine )、填化氣(phosphine )、三氟化氮(nitrogen tri fluoride)、三氣化棚(boron tri fluoride)、三氣化领 (boron trichloride)、二棚氫化物(diborane)、三甲基石夕 烧(trimethylsilane)、四甲基梦烧(tetramethylsilane)、 二石夕炫> (disilane )、石夕烧(silane )、鍺炫(germane )、有 機金屬氣體狀試劑(organometallic gaseous reagents)、栖 化氫(hydrogen selenide)與蹄酸氫(hydrogen telluride) 组成的群組選出。 34. —種製造一氣想源套件之方法,包含: 提供在第一端關閉且在第二端開啟的一無缝導管, 該導管在其内界定一内部體積; 導入至少一個物理吸附材料塊至該内部體積; 35 1330238 __ ' — I 1.. II - — I . __一一,,>«.· •.一 - 年1月~曰修(更VL替換頁 在導入至少一個物理吸附材料塊至該導管之該内部 體積之後,焊接一頂板元件至該導管之第二端以封住該内 部體積:以及 固定一流體配送組件至該頂板元件。 3 5.如申請專利範圍第2-19項和第23-24項之任何一項之 流體儲存與配送容器,其中該物理吸附劑係為一單體形式 並在其中包含一凹洞,且該閥係一閥組件的部份,該閥組 件包含容納於該物理吸附劑的該凹洞的一向下延伸部 份。 36 1330238 ~ - __ •圖式: .
第1圖 1330238
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第3A圖 第3B圖 1330238
第4圖
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