TW201714930A - 氟樹脂膜之製造方法 - Google Patents
氟樹脂膜之製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201714930A TW201714930A TW105124309A TW105124309A TW201714930A TW 201714930 A TW201714930 A TW 201714930A TW 105124309 A TW105124309 A TW 105124309A TW 105124309 A TW105124309 A TW 105124309A TW 201714930 A TW201714930 A TW 201714930A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- fluororesin
- extrusion die
- producing
- fluororesin film
- flow rate
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 92
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004018 acid anhydride group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 5
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 29
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 19
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 15
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 polydifluoroethylene vinylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- OOKSBUXOVCPAJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5,6,9,9-octafluoro-7-(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutyl)-8-[3,4,5,6,7,8,9,9-octafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutyl)fluoren-1-yl]peroxyfluorene Chemical compound FC=1C(=C(C=2C(C3=C(C(=C(C(=C3C2C1F)F)F)F)F)(F)F)OOC1=C(C(=C(C=2C3=C(C(=C(C(=C3C(C12)(F)F)F)F)F)F)F)F)C(C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)C(C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F OOKSBUXOVCPAJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoroethylene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)Cl UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000006551 perfluoro alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- KHXKESCWFMPTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-(1,2,2-trifluoroethenoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)OC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F KHXKESCWFMPTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFLOTYSKFUPZQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluoroethene Chemical group FC=CF WFLOTYSKFUPZQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRHNUZCXXOTJCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoropropane Chemical compound CCCF JRHNUZCXXOTJCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYKYXWQEBUNJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylfuran-2,5-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)OC1=O AYKYXWQEBUNJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylideneoxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound C=C1CC(=O)OC1=O OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910001586 aluminite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VCNTUJWBXWAWEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J aluminum;sodium;dicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O VCNTUJWBXWAWEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H calcium citrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000001354 calcium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940018557 citraconic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001647 dawsonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- BXKDSDJJOVIHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N edrophonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1 BXKDSDJJOVIHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004216 fluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005067 haloformyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006015 heat resistant resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007870 radical polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013337 tricalcium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F214/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F214/18—Monomers containing fluorine
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
- B29C48/10—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels flexible, e.g. blown foils
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/251—Design of extruder parts, e.g. by modelling based on mathematical theories or experiments
- B29C48/2511—Design of extruder parts, e.g. by modelling based on mathematical theories or experiments by modelling material flow, e.g. melt interaction with screw and barrel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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Abstract
本發明提供一種製造時不容易伴隨可熔融成形之氟樹脂劣化而產生缺陷(伴隨凝膠化而產生魚眼等)的氟樹脂膜之製造方法。一種氟樹脂膜之製造方法,係從擠製模具擠出氟樹脂材料來製造氟樹脂膜者,且該氟樹脂材料含有可熔融成形之氟樹脂;其中,擠製模具之溫度為305~355℃;且以v0.95=Q0.95/A0.95求得之氟樹脂材料之平均流速v0.95為1×10-4m/秒以上。惟,令擠製模具之流入口至擠製模具之歧管端部間之距離為x=1,Q0.95係氟樹脂材料於歧管24內部從流入口流動至x=0.95之位置的流量(m3/秒),A0.95係歧管從流入口至x=0.95之位置的截面積(m2)。
Description
本發明係關於氟樹脂膜之製造方法。
氟樹脂係熱穩定性較高的材料,常使用在需保有耐熱性、耐藥性等之用途上。最近,有文獻提出一種具有接著性官能基之氟樹脂,已為備受注目之保有耐熱性、低介電係數、低介電耗損等特性之印刷基板用材料而(專利文獻1)。
專利文獻1:國際公開第2015/080260號
關於可熔融成形之氟樹脂,可從擠製模具擠出氟樹脂來製造氟樹脂膜。但因氟樹脂之熔點很高,所以在製造薄膜時會被曝露在高溫下以致氟樹脂容易劣化,隨著劣化也容易產生問題。例如,具有接著性官能基之氟樹脂會
因為接著性官能基之反應性而導致熱穩定性變差,所以氟樹脂容易凝膠化,而且隨著凝膠化容易產生魚眼等缺陷。
本發明目的在於提供一種製造時不容易伴隨可熔融成形之氟樹脂劣化而產生缺陷(伴隨凝膠化而產生魚眼等)的氟樹脂膜之製造方法。
本發明提供一種具有下述[1]~[10]之構成的氟樹脂膜之製造方法。
[1]一種氟樹脂膜之製造方法,係從擠製模具擠出氟樹脂材料來製造氟樹脂膜者,且該氟樹脂材料含有可熔融成形之氟樹脂;其中,前述擠製模具之溫度為305~355℃,且以下式(1)求得之前述氟樹脂材料之平均流速v0.95為1×10-4m/秒以上;v0.95=Q0.95/A0.95…(1)
惟,令前述擠製模具之流入口至前述擠製模具之歧管端部間之距離x為1,Q0.95係前述氟樹脂材料於前述歧管內部從前述流入口流動至x=0.95之位置的流量(m3/秒),A0.95係前述歧管從前述流入口至x=0.95之位置的截面積(m2)。
[2]如[1]之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,其中前述氟樹脂在前述擠製模具之溫度及負載49N下的熔融流速為7g/10分以上。
[3]如[1]或[2]之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,其中以下式(2)
求得之前述氟樹脂之熔融流速穩定性S60為0.7~1.3。
S60=MFR60/MFR0…(2)
惟,MFR60係針對已在空氣環境下以前述擠製模具之溫度加熱60分鐘後的前述氟樹脂進行測定而獲得之前述氟樹脂在前述擠製模具之溫度及負載49N下的熔融流速;MFR0係針對以前述擠製模具之溫度加熱60分鐘前之前述氟樹脂進行測定而獲得之前述氟樹脂在前述擠製模具之溫度及負載49N下的熔融流速。
[4]如[1]~[3]中任一項之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,其按JIS K7210:1999測定所得372℃及負載49N下的前述氟樹脂之熔融流速為20~70g/10分。
[5]如[1]~[4]中任一項之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,其中前述擠製模具為衣架型模具。
[6]如[1]~[5]中任一項之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,其中前述擠製模具之模唇開度為0.5~3.0mm。
[7]如[1]~[6]中任一項之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,其中前述氟樹脂係具有接著性官能基者。
[8]如[1]~[7]中任一項之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,其中前述氟樹脂係具有下述單元的共聚物:源自四氟乙烯之單元、源自具接著性官能基之單體之單元及源自含氟單體(惟,前述四氟乙烯除外)之單元。
[9]如[8]之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,其中前述具接著性官能基之單體為具有環狀酸酐基之單體。
[10]如[8]或[9]之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,其中前述含氟
單體為六氟丙烯或以CF2=CFORf1表示之單體(惟,Rf1為碳數1~10之全氟烷基或於碳數2~10之全氟烷基之碳原子間具有醚性氧原子之基)。
根據本發明之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,製造時不容易伴隨可熔融成形之氟樹脂劣化而產生缺陷(伴隨凝膠化而產生魚眼等)。
1‧‧‧T型模具
2‧‧‧衣架型模具
10‧‧‧模板
12‧‧‧流入口
14‧‧‧歧管
16‧‧‧料口段道
18‧‧‧模唇
20‧‧‧模板
22‧‧‧流入口
24‧‧‧歧管
26‧‧‧料口段道
28‧‧‧模唇
100‧‧‧擠製機
102‧‧‧擠製模具
104‧‧‧薄膜狀熔融體
106‧‧‧冷卻輥
108‧‧‧氟樹脂膜
圖1為顯示氟樹脂膜之製造裝置一例的概略構成圖。
圖2為顯示T型模具一例之截面圖。
圖3為顯示衣架型模具一例之截面圖。
圖4為顯示衣架型模具之槳形(paddle)歧管之截面形狀的截面圖。
圖5為顯示衣架型模具之水滴形歧管之截面形狀的截面圖。
「可熔融成形」係指顯示出熔融流動性。
「顯示出熔融流動性」係指存有在負載49N之條件下且在樹脂熔點以上之溫度下熔融流速落在0.1~1,000g/10分之範圍內的溫度。
「熔點」係指與以示差掃描熱量測定(DSC)法測得之融解峰最大值相對應的溫度。
「熔融流速」係表示JIS K 7210:1999(ISO 1133:1997)中所規定之熔融質量流率(MFR)。
「單元」係表示藉由單體聚合所形成之源自該單體的構成單元。單元可為直接藉由聚合反應形成的構成單元,或可為將聚合物作處理使該單元之一部分轉換成另一結構的構成單元。另外,單元名係於單體名附加「單元」來表示。
「酸酐基」係指以-C(=O)-O-C(=O)-表示之基。
[氟樹脂膜之製造方法]
本發明之氟樹脂膜之製造方法係從擠製模具擠出含有可熔融成形之氟樹脂的氟樹脂材料來製造氟樹脂膜,該製造方法具有下述特徵:將擠製模具之溫度設定在特定範圍,且將流入擠製模具之歧管內的氟樹脂材料流量設定在特定範圍。
(可熔融成形之氟樹脂)
可熔融成形之氟樹脂可列舉公知物,舉例有:四氟乙烯/氟烷基乙烯基醚系共聚物(PFA)、四氟乙烯/六氟丙烯系共聚物(FEP)、乙烯/四氟乙烯系共聚物(ETFE)、聚二氟亞乙烯(PVDF)、聚氯三氟乙烯(PCTFE)、乙烯/氯三氟乙烯系共聚物(ECTFE)及後述的接著性氟樹脂等。
就可熔融成形之氟樹脂而言,若從作成積層體時含有可熔融成形之氟樹脂之層與其他層(聚醯亞胺薄膜、玻璃布、金屬箔等)之接著性優異的觀點來看,以具有接著性官能基之氟樹脂(以下亦記為接著性氟樹脂)為
宜。
接著性官能基可列舉含羰基之基(羧基、酸酐基、鹵代甲醯基、酮基、碳酸酯基、醯胺鍵、胺甲酸乙酯鍵等、脲鍵、酯鍵等)、羥基、環氧基、異氰酸酯基、胺基、硫醇基及醚鍵等。若從作成積層體時含有可熔融成形之氟樹脂之層與其他層之接著性特別優異的觀點來看,宜為選自於由含羰基之基、羥基、環氧基及異氰酸酯基所構成群組中之接著性官能基,且以含羰基之基尤佳。含羰基之基以自羧基、酸酐基、氟甲醯基及碳酸酯基所構成群組中選出之含羰基之基為宜。
相對於接著性氟樹脂之主鏈碳數1×106個,接著性氟樹脂中之接著性官能基含量宜為10~60,000個,且以100~50,000個較佳,100~10,000個更佳,300~5,000個尤佳。接著性官能基含量只要在前述範圍之下限值以上,作成積層體時含有可熔融成形之氟樹脂之層與其他層之接著性便特別優異。接著性官能基含量只要在前述範圍之上限值以下,在低加工溫度下即可獲得含有可熔融成形之氟樹脂之層與其他層之接著性。
接著性官能基之含量可藉由熔融NMR分析、含氟量分析、紅外吸收光譜分析等方法算出。例如,可如日本專利特開2007-314720號公報中記載,使用紅外線吸收光譜分析等方法求出構成接著性氟樹脂之全單元中具有接著性官能基之單元比率(莫耳%),再從該比率算出接著性官能基之含量。
接著性氟樹脂可為具有源自具接著性官能基之單體之單元的聚合物,亦可為於主鏈末端等具有源自聚合引發劑或鏈轉移劑之接著性官能基的聚合物,或可為氟樹脂上接枝聚合有具接著性官能基之單體的接枝聚合物。
就接著性氟樹脂而言,從熔融成形性、耐藥性、機械特性、耐熱性、低介電係數、低介電耗損等優異的觀點來看,宜為具有源自四氟乙烯(以下亦表記為TFE)之單元、源自具接著性官能基之單體之單元及源自含氟單體(惟,TFE除外)之單元的共聚物,或宜為具有TFE單元及源自上述含氟單體之單元且於主鏈末端具有接著性官能基的共聚物,並且以前者之共聚物尤佳。
以下,源自TFE之單元表記為「單元(u1)」,源自具接著性官能基之單體之單元表記為「單元(u2)」,源自TFE以外之含氟單體之單元表記為「單元(u3)」。又,具有單元(u1)、單元(u2)及單元(u3)之共聚物表記為「共聚物(A1)」,具有單元(u1)及單元(u3)且於主鏈末端具有接著性官能基之共聚物表記為「共聚物(A2)」。
就構成單元(u2)之單體而言,從作成積層體時含有共聚物(A1)之層與其他層之接著性特別優異的觀點來看,以具有環狀酸酐基之單體為宜。
具有環狀酸酐基之單體可列舉:伊康酸酐(以下亦表記為IAH)、檸康酸酐(以下亦表記為CAH)、5-降烯-2,3-二羧酸酐(以下亦表記為NAH)、馬來酸酐等。從可輕易製造共聚物(A1)的觀點來看,以選自於由IAH、CAH及NAH所
構成群組中之具有環狀酸酐基之單體為宜,若從作成積層體時含有共聚物(A1)之層與其他層之接著性特別優異的觀點來看,以NAH尤佳。
具接著性官能基之單體可單獨使用1種亦可將2種以上併用。
構成單元(u3)之含氟單體可列舉如下。
氟烯烴(惟,TFE除外):氟乙烯、二氟亞乙烯(以下亦表記為VDF)、三氟乙烯、氯三氟乙烯(以下亦表記為CTFE)、六氟丙烯(以下亦表記為HFP)等;CF2=CFORf1(惟,Rf1為碳數1~10之全氟烷基或於碳數2~10之全氟烷基之碳原子間具有醚性氧原子之基);CF2=CFORf2SO2X1(惟,Rf2為碳數1~10之全氟伸烷基或於碳數2~10之全氟伸烷基之碳原子間具有醚性氧原子之基,X1為鹵素原子或羥基);CF2=CFORf3CO2X2(惟,Rf3為碳數1~10之全氟伸烷基或於碳數2~10之全氟伸烷基之碳原子間具有醚性氧原子之基,X2為氫原子或碳數1~3之烷基);CF2=CF(CF2)pOCF=CF2(惟,p為1或2);CH2=CX3(CF2)qX4(惟,X3為氫原子或氟原子,q為2~10之整數,X4為氫原子或氟原子);全氟(2-亞甲基-4-甲基-1,3-二茂烷)等。
就含氟單體而言,從可獲得熔融成形性、機械特性等優異之共聚物(A1)的觀點來看,以選自於由VDF、CTFE、HFP、CF2=CFORf1及CH2=CX3(CF2)qX4所構成群組
中之含氟單體為宜,且以CF2=CFORf1或HFP尤佳。
CF2=CFORf1可列舉CF2=CFOCF2CF3、CF2=CFOCF2CF2CF3(以下亦表記為PPVE)、CF2=CFOCF2CF2CF2CF3、CF2=CFO(CF2)8F等,且以PPVE為宜。
CH2=CX3(CF2)qX4可列舉CH2=CH(CF2)2F、CH2=CH(CF2)3F、CH2=CH(CF2)4F、CH2=CH(CF2)6F、CH2=CF(CF2)3H、CH2=CF(CF2)4H等,且以CH2=CH(CF2)4F或CH2=CH(CF2)2F為宜。
含氟單體可單獨使用1種亦可將2種以上併用。
相對於單元(u1)、單元(u2)及單元(u3)之合計,單元(u1)之比率佔50~99.89莫耳%為宜,50~99.45莫耳%較佳,50~98.95莫耳%尤佳。
相對於單元(u1)、單元(u2)及單元(u3)之合計,單元(u2)之比率佔0.01~5莫耳%為宜,0.05~3莫耳%較佳,0.05~2莫耳%尤佳。
相對於單元(u1)、單元(u2)及單元(u3)之合計,單元(u3)之比率佔0.1~49.99莫耳%為宜,0.5~49.9莫耳%較佳,1~49.9莫耳%尤佳。
各單元之比率只要在前述範圍內,共聚物(A1)便具優異的熔融成形性、耐藥性、機械特性(高溫下之彈性係數、耐彎曲性等)、耐熱性、低介電係數、低介電耗損等,且作成積層體時含有共聚物(A1)之層與其他層之接著性特別優異。
各單元之比率可藉由共聚物(A1)之熔融NMR分析、含
氟量分析、紅外吸收光譜分析等算出。
在具有單元(u2)之共聚物(A1)中,有時酸酐基之一部分會水解而含有源自二羧酸(伊康酸、檸康酸、5-降烯-2,3-二羧酸、馬來酸等)之單元。含有源自二羧酸之單元時,該單元所佔比率合計在單元(u2)內。
共聚物(A1)及共聚物(A2)亦可具有源自非氟系單體(惟,具有接著性官能基之單體除外)之單元(以下表記為「單元(u4)」)。
非氟系單體可列舉碳數3以下之烯烴類(乙烯、丙烯等)、乙烯酯(乙酸乙烯酯等)等。
非氟系單體可單獨使用1種亦可將2種以上併用。
相對於單元(u1)、單元(u2)及單元(u3)之合計,單元(u4)之比率佔5~90莫耳%為宜,5~80莫耳%較佳,10~65莫耳%尤佳。
共聚物(A1)的較佳具體例可列舉:TFE/PPVE/NAH共聚物、TFE/PPVE/IAH共聚物、TFE/PPVE/CAH共聚物、TFE/HFP/IAH共聚物、TFE/HFP/CAH共聚物、TFE/VDF/IAH共聚物、TFE/VDF/CAH共聚物、TFE/CH2=CH(CF2)4F/IAH/乙烯共聚物、TFE/CH2=CH(CF2)4F/CAH/乙烯共聚物、TFE/CH2=CH(CF2)2F/IAH/乙烯共聚物、TFE/CH2=CH(CF2)2F/CAH/乙烯共聚物等。
共聚物(A1)可利用專利文獻1中記載之方法來製造。
聚合方法、聚合條件等可列舉專利文獻1中記載之方
法或條件,較佳形態亦同。
於單體聚合時使用的自由基聚合引發劑、鏈轉移劑、有機溶劑等可列舉專利文獻1中記載之物,較佳形態亦同。
共聚物(A1)之熔點下限值以260℃為宜,280℃較佳,290℃尤佳。上限值以320℃為宜,310℃尤佳。
(氟樹脂之熔融流速)
就可熔融成形之氟樹脂而言,製造氟樹脂膜時在擠製模具之溫度及負載49N下之熔融流速宜為7g/10分以上,7~40g/10分較佳,10~30g/10分尤佳。在擠製模具之溫度及負載49N下之熔融流速只要在前述範圍之下限值以上,熔融樹脂之延伸性即充分,不易發生薄膜邊裂(edge break)等缺陷,又可抑制氟樹脂膜膜厚不均。在擠製模具之溫度及負載49N下之熔融流速只要在前述範圍之上限值以下,便可輕易地藉由氟樹脂膜之延伸進行薄化,且具有充分的熔融張力,所以可縮小氟樹脂膜之膜厚偏差。
滿足上述情況之可熔融成形之氟樹脂在372℃及負載49N下之熔融流速宜為20~70g/10分,20~50g/10分較佳,30~50g/10分尤佳。
可熔融成形之氟樹脂之以下式(2)求得之熔融流速穩定性S60宜為0.7~1.3,且以0.7~1.0較佳,0.8~1.0尤佳。
S60=MFR60/MFR0...(2)
惟,MFR60係針對已在空氣環境下以製造氟樹脂膜時
之擠製模具之溫度加熱60分鐘後的氟樹脂進行測定而獲得之氟樹脂在擠製模具之溫度及負載49N下的熔融流速;MFR0係針對以擠製模具之溫度加熱60分鐘前之氟樹脂進行測定而獲得之氟樹脂在擠製模具之溫度及負載49N下的熔融流速。
以長時間製造氟樹脂膜時,滯留時間長的氟樹脂就會交聯、凝膠化而使氟樹脂之熔融流速降低,抑或滯留時間長的氟樹脂熱分解而使氟樹脂之熔融流速上升。熔融流速穩定性S60只要在前述範圍之下限值以上,便可抑制伴隨劣化而產生缺陷(伴隨凝膠化而產生魚眼等),可長時間穩定製造氟樹脂膜。熔融流速穩定性S60只要在前述範圍之上限值以下,便可輕易地藉由氟樹脂膜之延伸進行薄化,且具有充分的熔融張力,所以可縮小氟樹脂膜之膜厚偏差。
(氟樹脂材料)
氟樹脂材料含有可熔融成形之氟樹脂。
可熔融成形之氟樹脂可單獨使用1種亦可將2種以上併用。
在不損及本發明效果之範圍內,氟樹脂材料可視情況含有可熔融成形之非氟系樹脂及添加劑。
可熔融成形之非氟系樹脂可列舉芳香族聚酯、聚醯胺醯亞胺、熱可塑性聚醯亞胺等。
氟樹脂材料含有可熔融成形之非氟系樹脂時,相對於氟樹脂材料,可熔融成形之非氟系樹脂的含有比率佔
0.01~20質量%為宜,0.1~10質量%尤佳。
添加劑以介電係數及介電正切較低的無機填料為宜。無機填料可列舉氧化矽、黏土、滑石、碳酸鈣、雲母、矽藻土、氧化鋁、氧化鋅、氧化鈦、氧化鈣、氧化鎂、氧化鐵、氧化錫、氧化銻、氫氧化鈣、氫氧化鎂、氫氧化鋁、鹼性碳酸鎂、碳酸鎂、碳酸鋅、碳酸鋇、碳鈉鋁石、水滑石、硫酸鈣、硫酸鋇、矽酸鈣、蒙脫石、膨土、活性白土、海泡石、絲狀鋁英石、絹雲母、玻璃纖維、玻璃珠、氧化矽系中空球體、碳黑、碳奈米管、碳奈米角、石墨、碳纖維、玻璃中空球體、碳燼(carbon burn)、木粉、硼酸鋅等。無機填料可單獨使用1種亦可將2種以上併用。
氟樹脂材料含有無機填料時,相對於樹脂成分100質量份,無機填料含量宜為0.1~100質量份,且0.1~60質量份尤佳。
(粒化)
氟樹脂材料通常會被粒化用來製造薄膜。
粒化例如可使用雙軸擠製機將氟樹脂材料呈股狀熔融擠出後,以造粒機切斷來進行。
(氟樹脂膜之製造裝置)
氟樹脂膜之製造例如可以下述方式來進行:使用圖1所示製造裝置,利用擠製機100將氟樹脂材料之粒狀物熔融後從擠製機100擠出熔融樹脂供給至擠製模具102,再從擠製模具102將熔融樹脂呈薄膜狀吐出,並使薄膜狀熔融
體104與一對冷卻輥106接觸進行冷卻而製成氟樹脂膜108。
(薄膜用擠製模具)
薄膜用擠製模具只要是於內部具有用以使材料分配在整個擠製模具之寬度方向上的歧管者即可。擠製模具可列舉T型模具、衣架型模具、歧管型充氣模具等。
圖2為顯示T型模具一例之截面圖。T型模具1係使一對模板10重疊而成者,該等模板10形成有會構成材料流通道之凹部,即該T型模具1於內部形成有源自該凹部之流通道。內部之流通道係由下述元件構成:從上部中央朝下方延伸之流入口12、從流入口12下端朝左右延伸之歧管14、從歧管14之下部整體朝下方延伸之狹縫狀的料口段道(land)16、及料口段道16之下端開口的模唇18。
圖3為顯示衣架型模具一例之截面圖。衣架型模具2係使一對模板20重疊而成者,該等模板20形成有會構成材料流通道之凹部,即該衣架型模具2於內部形成有源自該凹部之流通道。內部之流通道係由下述元件構成:從上部中央朝下方延伸之流入口22、從流入口22下端朝左右略向下方傾斜延伸且愈靠近端部則截面積愈小之歧管24、從歧管24之下部整體朝下方延伸之狹縫狀的料口段道26、及料口段道26之下端開口的模唇28。
又,圖4為顯示衣架型模具之槳形歧管之截面形狀的截面圖,圖5則同樣為顯示水滴形歧管之截面形狀的截面圖。在二圖中,符號皆表示與圖3相同符號之部位。
擠製模具之模唇開度宜為0.5~3.0mm,且以1.0~2.5mm較佳,1.5~2.5mm尤佳。
擠製模具之歧管的截面形狀並無特別限定。歧管之截面形狀可列舉圓形、如圖2及圖3所示之四角形、如圖4所示之槳形及如圖5所示之水滴形等。
(擠製模具之溫度)
製造氟樹脂膜時的擠製模具溫度為305~355℃,315~340℃為宜,320~335℃尤佳。擠製模具之溫度只要在前述範圍之下限值以上,便可穩定地熔融吐出氟樹脂膜,進而可將氟樹脂材料成形及製造氟樹脂膜。擠製模具之溫度只要在前述範圍之上限值以下,便不容易伴隨可熔融成形之氟樹脂劣化而產生缺陷(伴隨凝膠化而產生魚眼等)。
(氟樹脂材料於歧管內之流速)
製造氟樹脂膜時,氟樹脂材料在擠製模具之歧管內的流速會影響氟樹脂膜之缺陷(魚眼等)。即,在歧管兩端附近,氟樹脂材料流量會變少,所以氟樹脂材料之流速比氟樹脂材料在擠製模具之流入口的流速慢。結果就是氟樹脂材料容易滯留在歧管兩端附近,然後如上述,因氟樹脂劣化(凝膠化等)致使氟樹脂之熔融流速降低,或因熱分解致使氟樹脂之熔融流速上升。
因此,在製造氟樹脂膜時,以下式(1)求得之氟樹脂材料之平均流速v0.95為1×10-4m/秒以上,在2×10-4m/秒以上為宜,3×10-4m/秒以上尤佳。
v0.95=Q0.95/A0.95...(1)
惟,如圖2及圖3所示,令擠製模具之流入口中央至擠製模具之歧管端部間之距離為x=1,Q0.95係氟樹脂材料於歧管內部從流入口流動至x=0.95之位置的流量(m3/秒),A0.95係歧管從流入口至x=0.95之位置的截面積(m2)。
歧管係以可使材料均勻分配在整個擠製模具之寬度方向上的方式來設計,所以Q0.95可由下式(3)求得。
Q0.95=1/2×Q0×(1-0.95)...(3)
惟,Q0係氟樹脂材料供給至擠製模具之流入口的流量(m3/秒)。Q0為擠製機之吐出量(kg/小時)除以氟樹脂之熔融比重(kg/m3)之值。熔融比重一般會隨溫度及壓力而改變。熔融比重可使用東洋精機製作所公司製P-V-T測試系統測定其溫度依賴性、壓力依賴性,並從壓力依賴性外推大氣條件下之熔融比重來算出。
又,為了使材料均勻分配在整個擠製模具之寬度方向上,歧管被設計成左右對稱,所以氟樹脂材料之平均流速v0.95只要在從流入口向左右分歧之歧管中之任一側求算即可。
氟樹脂材料之平均流速v0.95只要在前述範圍之下限值以上,便可抑制伴隨可熔融成形之氟樹脂劣化而產生缺陷(伴隨凝膠化而產生魚眼等),同時可長時間穩定製造氟樹脂膜。
氟樹脂材料之平均流速v0.95之上限值與材料在流通道內部之黏度相依,流速極端上升會讓擠製模具內部的壓力梯度顯著增大,從而發生擠製模具變形、或因材料流動使
得材料發熱等現象,因此宜為5×10-2m/秒,尤宜為1×10-2m/秒。
(作用機制)
在以上說明之本發明之氟樹脂膜之製造方法中係將擠製模具溫度設定為305~355℃,因此可抑制伴隨可熔融成形之氟樹脂劣化而產生缺陷(伴隨凝膠化而產生魚眼等),同時可以穩定性製造氟樹脂膜。又因為將上述氟樹脂材料之平均流速v0.95設定為1×10-4m/秒以上,因此可抑制伴隨可熔融成形之氟樹脂劣化而產生缺陷(伴隨凝膠化而產生魚眼等),同時可長時間穩定製造氟樹脂膜。
以下記述本發明之相關實施例及比較例。惟,本發明不僅侷限在實施例。
例1~10為製造例,例11~13、16~19、21~23、25~28、30~31及33為實施例,例14、15、20、24、29、32及34為比較例。
[評估方法]
(熔點)
使用示差掃描熱量計(DSC裝置、Seiko Instruments Inc.製),記錄氟樹脂在10℃/分之速度下升溫時的融解峰,並以對應極大值的溫度(℃)為熔點。
(熔融比重)
使用東洋精機製作所公司製P-V-T測定系統求出各材料在305℃至360℃之大氣下的熔融比重,求算其平均值為
1,500kg/m3。
(熔融流速)
使用熔融指數儀(Melt Indexer,Technol Seven Co.,Ltd.製)測定在預定溫度及負載49N之條件下,氟樹脂從直徑2mm、長8mm之噴嘴流出10分鐘的質量(g)。
(熔融流速穩定性)
取出氟樹脂粒狀物之一部分,來測定製造氟樹脂膜時氟樹脂在擠製模具之溫度及負載49N下的熔融流速MFR0。另,取出氟樹脂之粒狀物之一部分,在空氣環境下之烘箱中以製造氟樹脂膜時之擠製模具之溫度加熱60分鐘後,測定氟樹脂在製造氟樹脂膜時之擠製模具溫度及負載49N下的熔融流速MFR60。從下式(2)求出熔融流速穩定性S60。
S60=MFR60/MFR0...(2)
(氟樹脂膜之厚度)
氟樹脂膜之厚度係使用高精度數位測微計MDH-25M(Mitutoyo Corporation.製)進行測定。
(魚眼)
在氟樹脂膜之魚眼係以肉眼觀察氟樹脂膜,將開始製造氟樹脂膜之時間點設為0小時,記錄從零到確認有魚眼之時間。
(邊裂)
製造氟樹脂膜時,在擠出的同時以肉眼觀察其端部從擠製模具擠出後的變形舉動。在恆穩狀態下,呈現薄膜端部之形狀無大幅變化,所成形之氟樹脂膜寬度亦呈穩定狀
態、即所謂穩定的頸縮時,評估為「無邊裂」。另一方面,在恆穩狀態下薄膜端部已延伸時呈現或拉伸或斷裂之周期性變形舉動之情況,則評估為「有邊裂」。
(厚薄精度)
氟樹脂膜之厚薄精度係以下式(4)求算。
厚薄精度(%)=(氟樹脂膜最大厚度-氟樹脂膜最小厚度)/氟樹脂膜之平均厚度×100…(4)
[例1]
將具備攪拌機及夾套之內容積94L的不鏽鋼製聚合槽抽真空後,饋入甲醇0.107質量%、含有9.1質量%PPVE之1,3-二氯-1,1,2,2,3-五氟丙烷(旭硝子社製、AK225cb)(以下亦表記為AK225cb)溶液86.8kg(56L),於聚合槽內部攪拌同時將槽內溫升高至50℃。接著饋入TFE氣體直到聚合槽內壓成為0.89MPa(表壓)為止,於內溫穩定後以3mL/分(4.65g/分)之速度添加雙(全氟丁醯基)過氧化物之0.4質量%AK225cb溶液,開始聚合。聚合中添加TFE氣體以使內壓恆定在0.89MPa(表壓)。又,調整雙(全氟丁醯基)過氧化物之0.4質量%AK225cb溶液的添加速度,使TFE氣體之消耗速度維持在0.8kg/小時。同時,以相對於聚合中添加之TFE氣體為0.16莫耳%之比率連續添加NAH(日立化成社製、納迪克酸酐)之0.73質量%AK225cb溶液。從反應開始直到添加TFE氣體7.7kg時將聚合槽冷卻,將剩餘氣體排淨,結束聚合。
將聚合所得之漿料與水共存下一邊攪拌一邊加熱,使
溶劑及殘留單體從共聚物分離並將共聚物造粒成粒狀而獲得共聚物(A1-1)7.9kg。
共聚物(A1-1)之比重為2.15。共聚物(A1-1)之組成為TFE單元/PPVE單元/NAH單元=97.9/2.0/0.1(莫耳%)。共聚物(A1-1)之熔點為300℃,在溫度372℃及負載49N下之熔融流速為20.9g/10分。相對於共聚物(A1-1)之主鏈碳數1×106個,共聚物(A1-1)中之接著性官能基含量(酸酐基的含量)為1,000個。
[例2]
除了將饋入聚合槽之AK225cb溶液中之甲醇濃度變更成0.145質量%以外,以與例1同樣的方式進行聚合而獲得共聚物(A1-2)7.9kg。
共聚物(A1-2)之比重為2.15。共聚物(A1-2)之組成為TFE單元/PPVE單元/NAH單元=97.9/2.0/0.1(莫耳%)。共聚物(A1-2)之熔點為300℃,在溫度372℃及負載49N下之熔融流速為39.7g/10分。
[例3]
除了將饋入聚合槽之AK225cb溶液中之甲醇濃度變更成0.174質量%以外,以與例1同樣的方式進行聚合而獲得共聚物(A1-3)7.9kg。
共聚物(A1-3)之比重為2.15。共聚物(A1-3)之組成為TFE單元/PPVE單元/NAH單元=97.9/2.0/0.1(莫耳%)。共聚物(A1-3)之熔點為300℃,在溫度372℃及負載49N下之熔融流速為57.8g/10分。
[例4]
除了將饋入聚合槽之AK225cb溶液中之甲醇濃度變更成0.197質量%以外,以與例1同樣的方式進行聚合而獲得共聚物(A1-4)7.9kg。
共聚物(A1-4)之比重為2.15。共聚物(A1-4)之組成為TFE單元/PPVE單元/NAH單元=97.9/2.0/0.1(莫耳%)。共聚物(A1-4)之熔點為300℃,在溫度372℃及負載49N下之熔融流速為80.8g/10分。
[例5]
將(全氟丁醯基)過氧化物以0.36質量%之濃度溶解於AK225cb中而調製出聚合引發劑溶液。
將NAH以0.3質量%之濃度溶解於AK225cb中而調製出NAH溶液。
將369kg之AK225cb及30kg之PPVE(旭硝子公司製)饋入已預先脫氣之內容積430L的附攪拌機之聚合槽內。將聚合槽內加熱升溫至50℃並饋入TFE氣體50kg後,使聚合槽內之壓力升壓至0.89MPa(表壓)。以1分鐘6.25mL之速度於聚合槽中連續添加聚合引發劑溶液3L,進行聚合。又,連續饋入TFE氣體使聚合反應中之聚合槽內壓力保持在0.89MPa(表壓)。另外,將NAH溶液以每次相當於相對聚合期間饋入之TFE莫耳數為0.1莫耳%的數量連續饋入。
聚合開始8小時後,在饋入TFE氣體32kg之時間點將聚合槽內之溫度降溫至室溫並同時將壓力排氣至常壓。將所
得漿料與AK225cb固液分離後,在150℃下乾燥15小時而獲得共聚物(A1-5)之造粒物33kg。
共聚物(A1-5)之比重為2.15。共聚物(A1-5)之組成為TFE單元/PPVE單元/NAH單元=97.9/2.0/0.1(莫耳%)。共聚物(A1-5)之熔點為300℃,在溫度372℃及負載49N下之熔融流速為11.9g/10分。
[例6]
使用附換氣機構之雙軸擠製機(東芝機械公司製)將換氣部脫氣維持在0.1氣壓,同時在溫度320℃、吐出量5kg/小時、旋轉數200rpm(每分鐘之旋轉數)下將例1所得共聚物(A1-1)呈股狀擠出後,以造粒機切斷而獲得共聚物(A1-1)之粒狀物。
[例7~10]
除了將共聚物(A1-1)變更成共聚物(A1-2)~(A1-5)以外,以與例6同樣的方式獲得共聚物(A1-1)~(A1-5)之粒狀物。
[例11]
準備了SML公司製φ 90mm擠製機作為擠製機。所準備之擠製模具為寬1.6m的衣架型模具,歧管之截面形狀為圖4所示之槳形(以下亦表記為擠製模具(I))。
將共聚物(A1-1)之粒狀物供給至擠製機中,並在溫度320℃、吐出量50kg/小時(線速10m/分)下從擠製機熔融擠出共聚物(A1-1),將熔融樹脂直接供給至擠製模具(I),再從擠製模具(I)將熔融樹脂呈薄膜狀吐出。此時,擠製模具
(I)之溫度為325℃,擠製模具(I)之模唇開度為0.8mm。使擠製模具(I)吐出之薄膜狀熔融體在吐出後即刻延伸,並使其與冷卻輥接觸而冷卻作成氟樹脂膜。此時,氣隙(從擠製模具(I)吐出至接觸冷卻輥間之距離)為100mm。藉由調節氟樹脂膜之捲收速度而獲得厚度為100μm、25μm及12μm之氟樹脂膜。
[例12~16]
除了以如表1及2所示變更擠製模具溫度以外,以與例11同樣的方式獲得例12~15之氟樹脂膜。
於表1及2顯示例11~16之下述資訊:氟樹脂在擠製模具之溫度及負載49N下之熔融流速MFR0及熔融流速穩定性S60;供給至擠製模具之流入口的氟樹脂材料流量Q0;氟樹脂材料於歧管內部從流入口流動至x=0.05之位置的流量Q0.05、歧管之截面積A0.05及氟樹脂材料之平均流速v0.05;氟樹脂材料於歧管內部從流入口流動至x=0.95之位置的流量Q0.95、歧管之截面積A0.95及氟樹脂材料之平均流速v0.95;以及製得之氟樹脂膜的評估結果。
另,平均流速v0.05可從下式(5)求得,流量Q0.05則可從下式(6)求得。
v0.05=Q0.05/A0.05...(5)
Q0.05=1/2×Q0×(1-0.05)...(6)
[表1]
在擠製模具之溫度為305~355℃且平均流速v0.95為1×10-4m/秒以上之例11~13中,未在氟樹脂膜發現魚眼。在擠製模具之溫度為300℃之例15中,共聚物(A1-1)在擠製模具之溫度及負載49N下之熔融流速為0g/10分,因此氟樹脂材料在擠製機中並無流動而未能擠製成形。
在擠製模具之溫度超過355℃之例14中,於氟樹脂膜產生了魚眼。
[例17、18、20]
除了將共聚物(A1-1)變更成共聚物(A1-2)~(A1-4)以外,以與例12同樣的方式獲得例17、18、20之氟樹脂膜。
[例19]
除了如表2所示變更擠製模具溫度以外,以與例18同樣的方式獲得例19之氟樹脂膜。
於表2顯示例16~20之MFR0、S60、Q0、Q0.05、A0.05、v0.05、Q0.95、A0.95、v0.95及製得之氟樹脂膜的評估結果。
在擠製模具之溫度為305~355℃且平均流速v0.95為1×10-4m/秒以上之例16~19中,未在氟樹脂膜發現魚眼。在例20,共聚物(A1-5)之熔融流速穩定性S60低於0.7,故以長時間製造時於氟樹脂膜產生了魚眼。
[例21~25]
除了以如表3所示變更共聚物(A1-1)從擠製機出來之吐出量以外,以與例12同樣的方式獲得例21~25之氟樹脂膜。在例21、22及25,模唇開度設為1.8mm。
於表3顯示例21~25之MFR0、S60、Q0、Q0.05、A0.05、v0.05、Q0.95、A0.95、v0.95及製得之氟樹脂膜的評估結
果。
在擠製模具之溫度為305~335℃且平均流速v0.95為1×10-4m/秒以上之例21~23及25中,未在氟樹脂膜發現魚眼。例25之平均流速v0.05太高,所以擠製模具變形,很難控制膜厚,厚薄精度很差。
另一方面,在平均流速v0.95低於1×10-4m/秒之例24中,製造開始4小時後於氟樹脂膜產生了魚眼。又,氟樹脂之熔融流速會隨時間經過而降低,因此在平均流速較低之例24,氟樹脂材料在擠製模具內部流動期間增稠再加上魚眼產生造成不均性增加形成相乘效果,導致熔融延伸性受損。結果在薄膜成形時延伸變性最大的薄膜端部之「邊緣」部分,氟樹脂膜無法連續且恆穩地進行熔融延伸,而產生了邊裂。此外,因為薄膜端部未穩定地延伸成形,所以造
成氟樹脂膜整體振動且厚薄精度降低。
[例26~29]
除了將擠製模具(I)變更成擠製模具(II)~(V)以外,以與例12同樣的方式獲得例26~29之氟樹脂膜。
擠製模具(II)~(V)係衣架型模具,其歧管截面形狀為圖5所示之水滴形,寬1.6m且歧管之截面積A0.05及A0.95為表4所示之數值。
於表4顯示例26~29之MFR0、S60、Q0、Q0.05、A0.05、v0.05、Q0.95、A0.95、v0.95及製得之氟樹脂膜的評估結果。
在擠製模具之溫度為305~335℃且平均流速v0.95
為1×10-4m/秒以上之例26~28中,未在氟樹脂膜發現魚眼。
在平均流速v0.95低於1×10-4m/秒之例29中,氟樹脂材料在擠製模具內部之流速明顯很慢,所以引發了氟樹脂材料停滯,造成魚眼大量產生。又,因為有魚眼,所以厚薄精度也顯著下降。
[例30~32]
將共聚物(A1-1)變更成共聚物(A1-5)且如表5所示變更擠製模具之溫度,除此以外以與例11同樣的方式獲得例30~32之氟樹脂膜。
在擠製模具之溫度為305~335℃且平均流速v0.95為1×10-4m/秒以上之例30及31中,未在氟樹脂膜發現魚眼。共聚物(A1-5)在擠製模具之溫度及負載49N下之熔融流速低於7g/10分,所以產生了邊裂,厚薄精度也很差。又,在擠製模具之溫度及負載49N下之熔融流速低於7g/10分,因此厚度為25μm及12μm之氟樹脂膜有很明顯的邊裂,無法成形。
在擠製模具之溫度超過355℃之例32中,製造開始3小時後於氟樹脂膜產生了魚眼。又,因為熔融流速低於7g/10分,所以產生了邊裂,厚薄精度也很差。
[例33]
銅箔係準備了電解銅箔(福田金屬箔粉公司製、CF-T4X-SVR-12、厚:12μm、Rz:1.2μm)。
將例11中所得厚25μm之氟樹脂膜與銅箔按薄膜/銅箔/薄膜之順序積層,並在溫度360℃、壓力1.3MPa之條件下壓製10分鐘而獲得3層結構之複層薄膜。
從複層薄膜切出25mm寬之試驗片。使用拉伸試驗機(A&D Co.,Ltd製、製品名:TENSILON)在拉伸速度50mm/分下將單側的氟樹脂膜與銅箔之界面朝180度之方向剝離,並以每1cm寬之最大負載作為剝離強度。剝離強度為12N/cm。
[例34]
除了將氟樹脂膜變更成例14中所得厚25μm之氟樹脂膜以外,以與例33同樣的方式獲得複層薄膜並測出剝離強
度。剝離強度為5.5N/cm。
本發明之氟樹脂膜可有效使用作為下述材料:玻璃布與金屬箔(銅箔等)隔著接著性氟樹脂膜貼合而成的覆金屬積層板;耐熱性樹脂膜(聚醯亞胺薄膜等)與金屬箔隔著接著性氟樹脂膜貼合而成的撓性覆金屬積層板;積層有金屬箔與接著性氟樹脂膜之高耐熱放射板;用以預防汽車撞人之毫米波雷達等的高頻電子基板;講求低傳輸耗損之高頻電子基板的基本構成材料等。
又,在此係援引已於2015年8月4日提申之日本專利申請案2015-153854號之說明書、申請專利範圍、摘要及圖式之全部內容並納入作為本發明說明書之揭示。
2‧‧‧衣架型模具
20‧‧‧模板
22‧‧‧流入口
24‧‧‧歧管
26‧‧‧料口段道
28‧‧‧模唇
Claims (10)
- 一種氟樹脂膜之製造方法,係從擠製模具擠出氟樹脂材料來製造氟樹脂膜者,且該氟樹脂材料含有可熔融成形之氟樹脂;其中,前述擠製模具之溫度為305~355℃;且以下式(1)求得之前述氟樹脂材料之平均流速v0.95為1×10-4m/秒以上;v0.95=Q0.95/A0.95…(1)惟,令前述擠製模具之流入口至前述擠製模具之歧管端部間之距離x為1,Q0.95係前述氟樹脂材料於前述歧管內部從前述流入口流動至x=0.95之位置的流量(m3/秒),A0.95係前述歧管從前述流入口至x=0.95之位置的截面積(m2)。
- 如請求項1之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,其中前述氟樹脂在前述擠製模具之溫度及負載49N下的熔融流速為7g/10分以上。
- 如請求項1或2之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,其中以下式(2)求得之前述氟樹脂之熔融流速穩定性S60為0.7~1.3;S60=MFR60/MFR0…(2)惟,MFR60係針對已在空氣環境下以前述擠製模具之溫度加熱60分鐘後的前述氟樹脂進行測定而獲得之前述氟樹脂在前述擠製模具之溫度及負載49N下的熔融 流速;MFR0係針對以前述擠製模具之溫度加熱60分鐘前之前述氟樹脂進行測定而獲得之前述氟樹脂在前述擠製模具之溫度及負載49N下的熔融流速。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,其按JIS K7210:1999測定所得372℃及負載49N下的前述氟樹脂之熔融流速為20~70g/10分。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,其中前述擠製模具為衣架型模具。
- 如請求項1至5中任一項之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,其中前述擠製模具之模唇開度為0.5~3.0mm。
- 如請求項1至6中任一項之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,其中前述氟樹脂係具有接著性官能基者。
- 如請求項1至7中任一項之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,其中前述氟樹脂係具有下述單元的共聚物:源自四氟乙烯之單元、源自具接著性官能基之單體之單元及源自含氟單體(惟,前述四氟乙烯除外)之單元。
- 如請求項8之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,其中前述具接著性官能基之單體為具有環狀酸酐基之單體。
- 如請求項8或9之氟樹脂膜之製造方法,其中前述含氟單體為六氟丙烯或以CF2=CFORf1表示之單體(惟,Rf1為碳數1~10之全氟烷基或於碳數2~10之全氟烷基之碳原子間具有醚性氧原子之基)。
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