TW200417280A - Electrochromic device - Google Patents
Electrochromic device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW200417280A TW200417280A TW093102165A TW93102165A TW200417280A TW 200417280 A TW200417280 A TW 200417280A TW 093102165 A TW093102165 A TW 093102165A TW 93102165 A TW93102165 A TW 93102165A TW 200417280 A TW200417280 A TW 200417280A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- electrochromic
- working electrode
- doped
- patent application
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc oxide Inorganic materials [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 V203 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Inorganic materials O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten(VI) oxide Inorganic materials O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000108 silver(I,III) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vanadium(V) oxide Inorganic materials O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XGDBOJRURXXJBF-UHFFFAOYSA-M fluoroindium Chemical compound [In]F XGDBOJRURXXJBF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Nb](=O)O[Nb](=O)=O ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[Sr+2] IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Ta](=O)O[Ta](=O)=O PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- SLPKYEWAKMNCPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethyl-1-(3-[3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl]-propanyl)-4-[2-methyl-4-isoxazolyl]-phenol Chemical compound O1N=C(C)C=C1CCCOC1=C(C)C=C(C=2N=C(C)OC=2)C=C1C SLPKYEWAKMNCPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 claims 1
- TVUBDAUPRIFHFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].O=[Si]=O TVUBDAUPRIFHFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010220 ion permeability Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- SJHPCNCNNSSLPL-CSKARUKUSA-N (4e)-4-(ethoxymethylidene)-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-5-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)C(=C/OCC)\N=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 SJHPCNCNNSSLPL-CSKARUKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANFXTILBDGTSEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-4,5-dihydroimidazole Chemical compound CN1CCN=C1 ANFXTILBDGTSEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-imidazole Chemical compound C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283074 Equus asinus Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO Inorganic materials [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical group CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyronitrile Chemical compound CCCC#N KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940125810 compound 20 Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CGDXUTMWWHKMOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M difluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)F CGDXUTMWWHKMOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JAXFJECJQZDFJS-XHEPKHHKSA-N gtpl8555 Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](B1O[C@@]2(C)[C@H]3C[C@H](C3(C)C)C[C@H]2O1)CCC1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JAXFJECJQZDFJS-XHEPKHHKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/155—Electrodes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1503—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect caused by oxidation-reduction reactions in organic liquid solutions, e.g. viologen solutions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/1533—Constructional details structural features not otherwise provided for
- G02F2001/1536—Constructional details structural features not otherwise provided for additional, e.g. protective, layer inside the cell
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/155—Electrodes
- G02F2001/1552—Inner electrode, e.g. the electrochromic layer being sandwiched between the inner electrode and the support substrate
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/155—Electrodes
- G02F2001/1555—Counter electrode
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
- Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
Description
200417280 玖、發明說明:
【發明所屬之技術領域I 發明領域 本發明係有關一種電致發色裝置。特別係有關一種電 5 致發色裝置,其中組成元件係建立於單一基材上而該基材 無需為透明。此種裝置俗稱為單塊裝置。 H «tr 4^4^ 1ί 發明背景 電致發色系統係基於各型金屬氧化物或有機化合物或 10 無機化合物之電化學反應引起之色彩變化。電致發色裝置 為業界眾所周知。典型電致發色裝置架構為夾置型架構, 其最簡單之形式包含兩片玻璃基材於外側,介於玻璃基材 間為一反電極及工作電極、電致發色材料及允許離子通過 之電解質。此種裝置揭示於例如ΕΡ-Α-1244168 ; Bach,U. 15 等人,先進材料2002,14,第11期6月5日及Cummins等人 ,物理化學期刊B 2000,104,11449-11459。夾置型架構之 一大缺點為電致發色層典型係經由透明基材觀視,透明基 材例如為玻璃,基材上覆蓋透明傳導層。此種傳導透明基 材例如經塗覆以導電材料之玻璃或塑膠之透射率值典型係 2〇 於70-90%之範圍。於反射型顯示器應用,當屬於漫反射時 ,光必需通過此層兩次。結果導致透射率的耗損為19-51% ,因而將裝置「關」態的最大漫反射比降至49-81%。 WO-A-97/16838揭示一種太陽能電池用之單塊裝置。 此種裝置具有「傳統」單塊架構,亦即工作電極層係直接 設置於透明傳導支承基材上,因而變成装置的底層。 WO-A-01/97237也揭示一種具有「傳統」單塊架構之 單塊裝置,工作電極(光電極)係直接設置於透明傳導支承基 材上。 現有單塊裝置之主要缺點為其只允許沉積電致發色塗 層於透明基材上,因而限制其應用用途。此外,像素必需 透過至少兩層材料觀視,因而對習知裝置之反射比造成不 良影響。 【明内容3 發明概要 本發明之目的係避免或最小化先前技術之缺點。 根據本發明提供一種電致發色裝置,其包含一單一支 承基材,於該支承基材上設置: (a) —工作電極,其包含一電傳導性或半導性材料之多 孔層’該卫作電極包含本身為電致發色材料及/或至少部分 工作電極承載有電致發色材料; (b) 一反電極,其包含一電傳導材料或半導性材料之夕 孔層; 夕 _(c)一電絕緣材料層’該電絕緣材料層為離子通透性, 且隔開該工作電極層與反電極層; 其中該電致發色材料具有一主面,該主面之至少 分形成裝4外絲之至少—料。 ° 一詞意圖表示其當施用電 用於此處,「電致發色材料」 位於材料時可變色的材料。 本發明之裝置中,實質上電致發色材料全部主面可形 成該裝置之部分外表面。工作電極較佳具有一主面,該主 面本身為電致發色或承載電致發色材料於其至少一部分上 。電致發色材料實質覆蓋工作電極之主面。工作電極、反
兒極及纟巴緣層貫質沿其縱向為平行。此等層也實質彼此共 同延伸。 A 支承基材可由任一種透明或非透明材料,例如破螭或 金屬或陶瓷或塑膠材料製成。基材可經由施加一導電層L 其内表面之至少一部分而變成電傳導性。導電塗層較佳包 10含經按雜之金屬氧化物,例如以氟或録摻雜之氧化锡,或 以錫掺雜之氧化銦或傳導性聚合物或金屬。但若工作電極 及/或反電極材料之特性片電阻低於10,000歐姆/平方,2無 需施用導電塗層至基材。 、 工作電極可設置成其至少—部分係與反電極於橫向方 15 向偏位。 工作電極及反電極包含電傳導材料或半導性材料。車交 佳,作電極及/或反電極之電傳導材料包含金屬氧化物之響 奈米粒子,金屬氧化物係選自下列任一者: ⑷經以F、C卜Sb、P、As*B摻雜之Sn〇2 ; 20 (b)經以 之 ZnO ; (c) 經以Sn摻雜之Ιη203 ; (d) CdO ; (e) ZnSn03、Ζη21η205、In4Sn3〇12、GaIn〇3 或MgIn2〇4 ; 7 200417280 ⑴經以Sb摻雜之Fe203 ; (g) Ti02/W03或Ti02/Mo03系統;及 (h) Fe203/Sb 或 Sn02/Sb系統; 較佳為經以Sb摻雜之Sn02。 5 工作電極及/或反電極之較佳電半導體材料包含金屬 氧化物之奈米粒子,該金屬氧化物係選自下列之任一者:
Ti02、Zr02、Hf02、Cr03、Mo03、W03、V203、V205 、Nb2〇5、Sn02、Ta205、AgO、Ag2〇、ZnO、SrO、FeO、 Fe203或NiO或其鈣鈦礦,且更佳為Ti02、W03、Mo03、ZnO 10 或 Sn〇2 〇
當工作電極之傳導性材料或半導性材料本身為電致發 色時’此種材料包括金屬或經摻雜之金屬氧化物。此種氧 化物例如包括W03、Ti02、摻銻氧化錫(ΑΤΟ)、摻氟氧化錫 (FTO)及摻錫氧化銦(ΙΤ0)。另外或較佳,當工作電極之傳 15導性材料或半導性材料(其可具有或可未具有特有之電致 發色性質)承載有電致發色材料時,此種電致發色材料較佳 係選自電致變色材料(vi〇l〇gens)及其聚合物及混合物。適當 電致變色材料揭示於WO-A-98/35267,WO-A-01/27690, WO-A-03/001288及共同審查中之台灣專利申請案名稱「電 20致發色化合物」,由申請人(NTera有限公司)於本案之同曰提 出申請。適當聚合物包括聚嘆吩類、聚咣咯類及聚電致變 色材料。 電絕緣層較佳為透明或具有光散射性,且包含有機材 料或無機材料。此層也可為多孔。此種多孔層較佳包含一 8 200417280 種選自Si02、Al2〇3、ZrO及MgO之金屬氧化物,或呈金紅 石形式經以Si〇2鈍化之Ti02。 本發明裝置額外包含離子傳導介質。一具體實施例中 ’該裝置之電絕緣層包含離子傳導介質。例如聚乙二醇可 5 作為絕緣體以及作為固體電解質二者。另一具體實施例中 ’離子傳導介質可存在於裝置作為固體電解質之另一層。 較佳具體實施例中,電絕緣層為多孔,各多孔層至少經部 分密封,離子傳導介質包含液體電解質,其至少部分填補 電極及絕緣材料的孔隙。本發明裝置較佳也包含一透明蓋 1〇層或頂層,其至少部分暴露出電致發色材料,以及包含— 種密封材料其將該蓋層與電致發色裝置密封。較佳密封材 料可密封蓋層至支承基材。 液體電解質當存在時,較佳包含至少一種選擇性呈熔 融形式或於溶劑之溶液形式之電化學惰性鹽。適當鹽例如 15包括六氟磷酸鹽、^三氣甲烧石黃酸鹽、篆一三氣甲基石黃驢亞 月女四烧基銨鹽、二燒基-i,3-咪唾礙鹽及過氯酸鋰。適當 溶1^蓋例如包括二氟甲院石黃酸鹽、乙基、>甲基咪唾艰寒 一氟甲基〜醯亞胺及丨_丙基二甲基咪唑石風貳-三氟甲基磺 醯亞胺。以過氣酸鐘為特佳。 20 溶劑可為任一種適當溶劑,且較佳係遂自乙腈、丁腈 、戊腈、二甲亞颯、二甲基甲醯胺、二甲基乙醯胺、甲 基%唑义酮、二甲基,氫嘧啶酮、丫_丁内酯及其混合物。 以過氣酸鋰於γ-丁内酯為特佳。 本發明裝置選擇性包含一電流支援層插置於工作電極 9 200417280 之(半)傳導材料與電絕緣材料間。電流支援層係由多孔電傳 導材料製成,該層允許電荷介於裝置元件間運送。此層適 合包含摻錫氧化銦或摻氟氧化錫或傳導聚合物例如聚嚷吩 類、聚吼咯類及聚電致變色材料。 5 本發明裝置可方便地使用適當密封材料密封,玻璃或 塑膠材料製成之透明蓋係設置於該密封材料層之遠離支承 基材之外表面上。
本發明也提供一種顯示器,其包含一或多種根據本發 明之裝置。複數種根據本發明之裝置也率聯連結而形成總 10 成。本發明之裝置/總成可呈主動矩陣或被動矩陣、或直接 驅動組配狀態使用。 圖式簡單說明 附圖中, 第1圖為根據本發明之單塊裝置之一具體實施例之剖 15 面圖;
第2圖為根據本發明之單塊裝置之另一具體實施例之 剖面圖; 第3圖顯示複數個第2圖之裝置串聯連結;以及 第4A及4B圖為第2圖之裝置含有三個分開電致發色像 20 素之頂視平面圖。 I:實施方式3 較佳實施例之詳細說明 參照附圖,其中類似的編號表示類似的元件,第1圖之 裝置包含一支承基材1,該基材可為玻璃、塑膠、陶瓷或其 10 200417280 匕適*材料。基材1承載有傳導塗層或傳導層2,其提供顯 不I置接觸外部電子控制裝置。料層2經目案化允許與顯 示m的们別像素做接觸,同時也允許與工作電極及反電極6 及3個別接觸。反電極層3包含對離子為多孔且為電傳導性 材料。層3與層2實體上接觸,電流可流經於二層間。工作 包極及反電極係藉多孔絕緣層4隔開。層4對離子為多孔性 且為電絕緣性。層4係實體上沉積於反電極層3頂上,提供 心後各層之絕緣,各層不可接觸層3。離子多孔之電傳導層 係灵體上沉積於層4上,且與層2做電接觸。層5提供有效 電荷傳導至工作電極層/電致發色層6。層6之主面亦即觀視 聲係以X表示。 第2圖之裝置係與第1圖之裝置相同,但絕緣層4包括一 通孔,該通孔允許層2與層5間之接觸,讓電荷可被導引至 象素。電傳導層5係貫體上沉積於層4上,且經由填補通孔 而與層2做電接觸。 2〇
第4A及4B圖中,裝置係經由一平板玻璃層觀視,該平 杈坡璃層係設置於層6之外表面(觀視面)上,且係密封至裝 薏之支承基材。裝置之㈣可呈黑方塊觀視。頂玻璃板與 基材間之空間含有液體電解質。第4A圖顯示全部三個像素 呈關._伏特偏壓),第侧中,中間像素係經由相對於其 下方反電極(圖中不可見)’施加L5伏特之負偏壓至工作電 核而被切換為開。 本發明之電致發色裝置有多項優於現有裝置之優點: •允許沉積電致發色塗層於多種基材上 11 •支承基材無需為透明。 •可達到於高反射比態(關態)之高反射率。 •新穎架構允許容易將裝置整合至電路板或已經承 载有其它電子元件之基材上。若該裝置係用作為顯示器, 貝裝置提供極為簡單之「接線」至(位在同一片電路板上 )之其它顯示元件之方式。 •於反射型顯示裝置並無反射率的耗損。 將於下列實施例舉例說明本發明。 貫施例 10 0 王塗覆以摻錫氧化銦(ITO)之玻璃形式的支承基材,根 據標準濕姓刻技術圖案化。使用網印技術,下列各層係以 下述順序沉積於基材上: a) 摻銻二氧化錫(奈米結構;微米粒子+黏結劑+溶劑膏) b) 經一氧化石夕鈍化之金紅石(微米粒子+黏結劑+溶劑 15 膏); C)IT0(奈米至微米粒子+黏結劑+溶劑膏);及 d) Ti〇2(奈米粒子+聚合物+黏結劑膏)。 W述步驟(a)-(d)各自使用之黏結劑為羥基丙基纖維素( 克魯梭(Klucel)EXFPHARM);及溶劑為萜品醇(無水,福陸 20 卡(Fluka))。 電絕緣層(b)係使用以下列舉之材料,根據Kay等人於 太陽能材料及太陽能電池(1996),44(1),99-117頁所述程序 製備。 材料 12 200417280 無機顏粗·人 1制 ·孟紅石二氧化鈦;鈦純金紅石R700,杜邦 公岣W造。φ μ — 處理。 寺粒I : G·36微米,3·θ°/。二氧切且經有機 ==劑々基丙基纖維素(HPC);克#梭EXF服驗。 序號二。“醇;無水’。urum ’異構物混合物,福陸卡 基)-4層於wc燒結3G分鐘,暴露於師-膦基乙 外比σ疋砜貳氯化物於水之溶液,經 及使用環氣抖# —, 4迺/月冼、乾燥、 過氣酸鍾於γ·τ_旨回填。 d使用电解質 15 釋放^二氧化錫層用作為反電極,反電極可儲存電荷或 敎:何,且為顯示電致發色層之電致發色效應所需。金 、.工石層電絕緣經過摻雜之二氧化錫層與電致發色層,且提 供為褒置的「白背景」。離子移動通過此相多㈣構故有 助/、移動。IT0層用作為電流支援層。顯然為不透明淡白 色)。離子移動通過此制其多孔結構何輔助移動。 電阻係低於1千歐姆/平方。 /、 經電致變色材料衍生而得之中孔二氧化欽層用 致發色層。 …适 20 【圖式簡單說明】 面圖; 第1圖為根據本發明之單塊较置之一具體實施例之剖 第2圖為根據本發明之單塊裝置之另— 剖面圖; 具體實施例 之 13 200417280 第3圖顯示複數個第2圖之裝置串聯連結;以及 第4A及4B圖為第2圖之裝置含有三個分開電致發色像 素之頂視平面圖。 【圖式之主要元件代表符號表】 1.. .支承基材 4...絕緣層 2.. .傳導層 5...電傳導層 3.. .反電極 6...工作電極 14
Claims (1)
- 200417280 拾、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種電致發色裝置’其包含一單一支承基材,於該支承 基材上設置: (a) —工作電極,其包含一電傳導性或半導性材料之 5 多孔層,該工作電極包含本身為電致發色材料及/或至 少部分工作電極承載有電致發色材料; (b) —反電極,其包含一電傳導材料或半導性材料之 多孔層;(c) 一電絕緣材料層,該電絕緣材料層為離子通透性 10 ,且隔開該工作電極層與反電極層; 其中該電致發色材料具有一主面,該主面之至少一 部分形成裝置外表面之至少一部分。 2·如申請專利範圍第1項之裝置,其中實質上全部主面形 成違装置外表面之一部分。 15 3·如申請專利範圍第1或2項之裝置,其中該工作電極具有一主面,其本身為電致發色。 4.如申請專利範圍第1或2項之裝置,其中該工作電極具有 主面,其至少一部分承載有電致發色材料。 5·如申請專利範圍第4項之裝置,其中該電致發色材料實 20 質上覆盍該工作電極主面。 6·如d述申請專利範圍各項中任一項之裝置,其中該工作 電極、反電極及絕緣層充分平行;及/或該工作電極、 反黾極及、纟巴緣層為實質上彼此共同延伸。 7·如申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之裝置,其中該工作 15 弘極之至少—部分係由該反電極橫向偏位。 8·如刚迷申請專利範圍各項中任-項之裝置,其中該支承 基材係由透明材料或非透明材料製成。 9·如申請專利範圍第8項之裝置,其中該基材係由玻填或 金屬或陶瓷或塑膠材料製成。 10·如申請專利_第8或9項之裝置,其中該支承材料承載 有一導電塗層於其至少部分内面上。 11·如申請專利範圍第1G項之裝置,其中該導電塗層包含— 種、二杉雜之金屬氧化物,較佳為經氟或銻摻雜之氧化錫 、或經以錫摻雜之氧化銦或傳導聚合物或金屬。 12·如申請專利範圍第1至9項中任-項之裝置,其中該工作 電極及/或反電極之材料之特性片電阻係低於10,000歐 姆/平方。 13 .如別述申請專利範圍各項中任一項之裝置,其中該工作 包極及/或反電極包含一種電傳導材料,該材料包含金 屬氧化物之奈米粒子,金屬氧化物係選自下列任一者: · (a) 經以F、a、Sb、P、As或B摻雜之Sn02 ; (b) 經以 A卜 In、Ga、B、F、Si、Ge、Ti、Zr或Hf 接雜之ZnO ; (c) 經以Sn摻雜之ln203 ; (d) CdO ; (e) ZnSn03、Zn2In205、In4Sn3〇i2、Galn03 或Mgln204 ; (f) 經以Sb摻雜之Fe203 ; (g) Ti02/W03或Ti02/Mo03系統;及 16 200417280 (h)Fe203/Sb 或 Sn02/Sb系統; 較佳為經以Sb摻雜之Sn02。 14·如申請專利範圍第1至13項中任一項之裝置,其中該工 作電極及/或反電極包含一種電傳導材料,該材料包含 金屬氧化物之奈米粒子,該金屬氧化物係選自下列之任 一者: 10 15Ti02、Zr02、Hf02、Cr03、Mo03、W03、V203、 V205、Nb205、Sn02、Ta205、AgO、Ag20、ZnO、SrO 、FeO、Fe2〇3或NiO或其鈣鈦礦,且更佳為Ti02、W03 、Mo〇3、ZnO 或 Sn〇2。 15·如申請專利範圍第3項或其任何附屬項之裝置,其中該 工作電極之電致發色材料為一種選自W03及Ti02之金 屬氧化物,或一種選自經銻或氟摻雜之氧化錫及摻錫氧 化銦之經摻雜之金屬氧化物。 16.如申請專利範圍第4項或其任何附屬項之裝置,其中該電致發色材料係選自電致變色材料(vi〇1〇gens)及其聚合 物及混合物。 17·如前述申請專利範圍各項中任一項之裝置,進一步包含 一種離子傳導介質。 20 I8·如前述申請專利範圍各項中任一項之裝置,其中該電絕 緣層包含一種離子傳導介質。 19.如申清專利範圍第丨至17項中任一項之裝置,其中該電 絕緣材料為多孔,以及多孔層之各層至少為部分密封, 以及離子傳導介質包含一種液體電解質,其至少部分填 17 200417280 ίο 15 20 補電極及絕緣材料之孔隙。 20. 如前述申請專利範圍各項中任一項之裝置,其進一步包 含一透明覆蓋層,其至少部分暴露該電致發色材料,以 及一種密封材料其係密封該覆蓋層至該電致發色裝置。 21. 如申請專利範圍第20項之裝置,其中該密封材料係密封 該覆蓋層至該支承基材。 22. 如申請專利範圍第19至21項中任一項之裝置,其中該電 絕緣材料包含一種選自Si02、Al2〇3、ZrO及MgO之金屬氧 化物,或以二氧化矽鈍化之呈金紅石形式之二氧化鈦。 23. 如前述申請專利範圍各項中任一項之裝置,進一步包含 一電流支援層插置於該工作電極與電絕緣層間。 24. 如申請專利範圍第23項之裝置,其中該電流支援層包含 以錫摻雜之氧化銦或以氟摻雜之氧化錫,或選自聚噻吩 類、聚吼嘻類、及聚電致變色材料之傳導聚合物。 25. —種顯示器,包含一或多種如前述申請專利範圍各項中 任一項之裝置。 26. 如申請專利範圍第25項之顯示器,包含複數個裝置串聯 連結。 27. —種如申請專利範圍第1至24項中任一項之裝置之用 途,其係用於主動矩陣或被動矩陣或直接驅動組配狀 態。18
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2509771A1 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
KR20050105178A (ko) | 2005-11-03 |
AU2004208241B2 (en) | 2009-06-11 |
AU2004208241A1 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
ATE426187T1 (de) | 2009-04-15 |
DE602004020114D1 (de) | 2009-04-30 |
JP4589915B2 (ja) | 2010-12-01 |
DE602004001508D1 (de) | 2006-08-24 |
US20060132885A1 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
DK1593000T3 (da) | 2006-10-30 |
DE602004001508T2 (de) | 2007-02-15 |
KR100980796B1 (ko) | 2010-09-10 |
CN1739057A (zh) | 2006-02-22 |
JP2006520481A (ja) | 2006-09-07 |
EP1593000B1 (en) | 2006-07-12 |
WO2004068231A1 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
EP1708016A3 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
EP1708016B1 (en) | 2009-03-18 |
CN100462830C (zh) | 2009-02-18 |
ATE333108T1 (de) | 2006-08-15 |
EP1593000A1 (en) | 2005-11-09 |
US7460289B2 (en) | 2008-12-02 |
EP1708016A2 (en) | 2006-10-04 |
HK1085274A1 (en) | 2006-08-18 |
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