TR199902475T2 - Katalizörler ve katalitik oksitlenme yöntemleri - Google Patents
Katalizörler ve katalitik oksitlenme yöntemleriInfo
- Publication number
- TR199902475T2 TR199902475T2 TR1999/02475T TR9902475T TR199902475T2 TR 199902475 T2 TR199902475 T2 TR 199902475T2 TR 1999/02475 T TR1999/02475 T TR 1999/02475T TR 9902475 T TR9902475 T TR 9902475T TR 199902475 T2 TR199902475 T2 TR 199902475T2
- Authority
- TR
- Turkey
- Prior art keywords
- oxidation
- catalysts
- metal catalysts
- oxidizable compounds
- ligands
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title abstract 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012993 chemical processing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006735 epoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
- C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
- C11D3/3905—Bleach activators or bleach catalysts
- C11D3/3932—Inorganic compounds or complexes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1805—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing nitrogen
- B01J31/181—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine
- B01J31/1815—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine with more than one complexing nitrogen atom, e.g. bipyridyl, 2-aminopyridine
- B01J31/182—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine with more than one complexing nitrogen atom, e.g. bipyridyl, 2-aminopyridine comprising aliphatic or saturated rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F13/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 7 or 17 of the Periodic Table
- C07F13/005—Compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/70—Oxidation reactions, e.g. epoxidation, (di)hydroxylation, dehydrogenation and analogues
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/70—Oxidation reactions, e.g. epoxidation, (di)hydroxylation, dehydrogenation and analogues
- B01J2231/72—Epoxidation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/02—Compositional aspects of complexes used, e.g. polynuclearity
- B01J2531/0238—Complexes comprising multidentate ligands, i.e. more than 2 ionic or coordinative bonds from the central metal to the ligand, the latter having at least two donor atoms, e.g. N, O, S, P
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/02—Compositional aspects of complexes used, e.g. polynuclearity
- B01J2531/0238—Complexes comprising multidentate ligands, i.e. more than 2 ionic or coordinative bonds from the central metal to the ligand, the latter having at least two donor atoms, e.g. N, O, S, P
- B01J2531/0258—Flexible ligands, e.g. mainly sp3-carbon framework as exemplified by the "tedicyp" ligand, i.e. cis-cis-cis-1,2,3,4-tetrakis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)cyclopentane
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/10—Complexes comprising metals of Group I (IA or IB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/16—Copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/50—Complexes comprising metals of Group V (VA or VB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/56—Vanadium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/60—Complexes comprising metals of Group VI (VIA or VIB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/62—Chromium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/60—Complexes comprising metals of Group VI (VIA or VIB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/64—Molybdenum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/60—Complexes comprising metals of Group VI (VIA or VIB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/66—Tungsten
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/70—Complexes comprising metals of Group VII (VIIB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/72—Manganese
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/821—Ruthenium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/824—Palladium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/84—Metals of the iron group
- B01J2531/842—Iron
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/84—Metals of the iron group
- B01J2531/845—Cobalt
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/84—Metals of the iron group
- B01J2531/847—Nickel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Epoxy Compounds (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Abstract
Katalitik sistemlere ve metal katalizörlerin (tercihan manganez içeren katalizörlerin) varliginda maddelerin oksitlenmesi yöntemlerine iliskin olup, seçilmis makropolisiklik sert ligandlarla, tercihan çapraz köprülenmis makropolisiklik ligandlarla komplekslenmistir. Bu metal katalizörler kullanilarak kimyasal islem sanayiine uygun sentetik organik oksitleme tepkimeleri, ilaç sentezi, ve alkenlerin enantiyomerik epoksidasyonu, organik islev gruplarinin, hidrokarbonlarin, heteroatomlarin ve eninlerin oksitlenmesi, sülfürlerin sülfonlara dönüstürülmesi gibi uzmanlasmis kimyasal maddelerin hazirlanmasi; kumas, tabak-çanak, tezgah üstü, oyuklar gibi yüzeylerdeki oksitlenebilir bilesiklerin (örn. lekeler) oksitlenmesi; kumaslarin yikanmasinda boya geçisinin azaltilmasi; çözelti içindeki oksitlenebilir bilesiklerin oksitlenmesi ve ayrica hamur ve kagit ürünlerinin agirtilmasi dahildir.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US4062997P | 1997-03-07 | 1997-03-07 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TR199902475T2 true TR199902475T2 (tr) | 2000-04-21 |
Family
ID=21912044
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TR1999/02475T TR199902475T2 (tr) | 1997-03-07 | 1998-03-06 | Katalizörler ve katalitik oksitlenme yöntemleri |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (7) | US20070093379A1 (tr) |
EP (2) | EP1338337B1 (tr) |
JP (1) | JP4476364B2 (tr) |
CN (1) | CN1261823B (tr) |
AR (2) | AR006290A1 (tr) |
AT (2) | ATE367202T1 (tr) |
AU (1) | AU731371B2 (tr) |
BR (1) | BR9812424B1 (tr) |
CA (1) | CA2282406C (tr) |
CZ (1) | CZ302258B6 (tr) |
DE (2) | DE69817780T2 (tr) |
ES (2) | ES2203928T3 (tr) |
HU (1) | HU225021B1 (tr) |
ID (1) | ID23801A (tr) |
MA (1) | MA24593A1 (tr) |
MX (1) | MXPA99008248A (tr) |
TR (1) | TR199902475T2 (tr) |
WO (1) | WO1998039098A1 (tr) |
ZA (1) | ZA981883B (tr) |
Families Citing this family (82)
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US20080125344A1 (en) * | 2006-11-28 | 2008-05-29 | Daryle Hadley Busch | Bleach compositions |
ZA981883B (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 1998-09-01 | Univ Kansas | Catalysts and methods for catalytic oxidation |
ATE276258T1 (de) | 1998-11-13 | 2004-10-15 | Procter & Gamble | Verfahren zur herstellung von vernetzt verbrückten tetraazamacrocyclen |
US6667288B2 (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2003-12-23 | Procter & Gamble Company | Bleach compositions |
WO2000032601A2 (en) * | 1998-11-30 | 2000-06-08 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for preparing cross-bridged tetraaza macrocycles |
US6653270B2 (en) | 1999-03-02 | 2003-11-25 | Procter & Gamble Company | Stabilized bleach compositions |
ES2255992T3 (es) * | 1999-03-02 | 2006-07-16 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Composiciones blanqueantes estabilizadas. |
AU4061900A (en) * | 1999-04-01 | 2000-10-23 | Procter & Gamble Company, The | Transition metal bleaching agents |
GB0004990D0 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2000-04-19 | Unilever Plc | Composition and method for bleaching a substrate |
GB9930695D0 (en) | 1999-12-24 | 2000-02-16 | Unilever Plc | Composition and method for bleaching a substrate |
GB9930697D0 (en) * | 1999-12-24 | 2000-02-16 | Unilever Plc | Method of treating a textile |
GB0013643D0 (en) | 2000-05-31 | 2000-07-26 | Unilever Plc | Targeted moieties for use in bleach catalysts |
EP1322340A2 (en) * | 2000-09-25 | 2003-07-02 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Manganese complexes for magnetic resonance imaging |
GB0030877D0 (en) | 2000-12-18 | 2001-01-31 | Unilever Plc | Enhancement of air bleaching catalysts |
GB0103871D0 (en) | 2001-02-16 | 2001-04-04 | Unilever Plc | Bleaching composition of enhanced stability and a process for making such a composition |
BR0208098A (pt) | 2001-03-14 | 2004-03-02 | Unilever Nv | Composição branqueadora |
GB0106285D0 (en) | 2001-03-14 | 2001-05-02 | Unilever Plc | Air bleaching catalysts with moderating agent |
JP2006504809A (ja) | 2002-05-02 | 2006-02-09 | ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニー | 洗剤組成物及びその成分 |
JP4945755B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-30 | 2012-06-06 | 国立大学法人 名古屋工業大学 | ケージ状配位子を有する多核金属錯体 |
GB0412893D0 (en) * | 2004-06-10 | 2004-07-14 | Univ Hull | Novel antiviral macrocycle derivatives and metal complexes, incorporating bridged macrocycles |
EP1700907A1 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2006-09-13 | Unilever N.V. | Liquid bleaching composition |
US7514577B2 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2009-04-07 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Pd- and Pt-substituted polyoxometalates and process for their preparation |
ES2349082T3 (es) | 2006-07-07 | 2010-12-27 | Unilever Plc | Endurecimiento de un líquido. |
US7820868B2 (en) | 2007-01-19 | 2010-10-26 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Transition metal substituted polyoxometalates and process for their preparation |
US7645907B2 (en) * | 2007-03-23 | 2010-01-12 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Transition metal substituted polyoxometalates and process for their preparation |
US20090151601A1 (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2009-06-18 | Elementis Specialties, Inc. | Low voc waterbased coatings with efflorescence resistance |
EP2103735A1 (en) | 2008-03-18 | 2009-09-23 | Unilever PLC | Catalytic bleaching of substrates |
EP3165184B1 (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2021-12-01 | Bridgepoint Medical, Inc. | Apparatus for crossing occlusions in blood vessels |
GB0810881D0 (en) | 2008-06-16 | 2008-07-23 | Unilever Plc | Improvements relating to fabric cleaning |
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JP2013512978A (ja) * | 2009-12-02 | 2013-04-18 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | 包装適用のための酸素吸収/捕捉要素としての金属錯体の使用 |
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EP2474578A1 (en) | 2011-01-06 | 2012-07-11 | Rahu Catalytics Limited | Antiskinning compositions |
BR112013019386B1 (pt) | 2011-01-31 | 2021-04-06 | Unilever Ip Holdings B.V. | Composição aquosa líquida detergente concentrada isotrópica alcalina |
DE102011010818A1 (de) | 2011-02-10 | 2012-08-16 | Clariant International Ltd. | Verwendung von Übergangsmetallkomplexen als Bleichkatalysatoren in Wasch- und Reinigungsmitteln |
WO2012145062A1 (en) | 2011-02-16 | 2012-10-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Liquid cleaning compositions |
EP2675885B1 (en) | 2011-02-16 | 2017-10-25 | The Procter and Gamble Company | Compositions and methods of bleaching |
EP2476743B1 (en) | 2011-04-04 | 2013-04-24 | Unilever Plc, A Company Registered In England And Wales under company no. 41424 of Unilever House | Method of laundering fabric |
EP2522715A1 (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2012-11-14 | Unilever Plc, A Company Registered In England And Wales under company no. 41424 of Unilever House | Aqueous concentrated laundry detergent compositions |
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- 1998-03-06 AT AT03008790T patent/ATE367202T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-03-06 ES ES98904334T patent/ES2203928T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-06 AU AU62264/98A patent/AU731371B2/en not_active Ceased
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- 1998-03-06 TR TR1999/02475T patent/TR199902475T2/tr unknown
- 1998-03-06 JP JP53831498A patent/JP4476364B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-03-06 CN CN988048345A patent/CN1261823B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 1998-03-06 EP EP03008790A patent/EP1338337B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-06 ES ES03008790T patent/ES2289202T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-06 DE DE69817780T patent/DE69817780T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1998-03-06 BR BRPI9812424-2A patent/BR9812424B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-03-06 CZ CZ0313899A patent/CZ302258B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2006-11-28 US US11/605,531 patent/US20070093379A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2009-10-22 US US12/603,772 patent/US20100041545A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2010
- 2010-04-20 US US12/763,248 patent/US20100210451A1/en not_active Abandoned
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