JP5538760B2 - 酸化触媒、還元触媒及び排気ガス浄化触媒 - Google Patents
酸化触媒、還元触媒及び排気ガス浄化触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5538760B2 JP5538760B2 JP2009158814A JP2009158814A JP5538760B2 JP 5538760 B2 JP5538760 B2 JP 5538760B2 JP 2009158814 A JP2009158814 A JP 2009158814A JP 2009158814 A JP2009158814 A JP 2009158814A JP 5538760 B2 JP5538760 B2 JP 5538760B2
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- catalyst
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- transition metal
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
- B01J23/8913—Cobalt and noble metals
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/20—Carbon compounds
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- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9008—Organic or organo-metallic compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
- H01M8/0668—Removal of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Description
NOx転化率={(入口のNOモル流量+NO2モル流量)−(出口のNOモル流量+NO2モル流量)}/(入口のNOモル流量+NO2モル流量)×100%
C3H6転化率=(入口のC3H6モル流量−出口のC3H6モル流量)/(入口のC3H6モル流量)×100%
CO転化率=(入口のCOモル流量−出口のCOモル流量)/(入口のCOモル流量)×100%
炭素バランス=(出口の炭素総モル流量−入口の炭素総モル流量)/(入口の炭素総モル流量)×100%
反応管内に炭素材料からなる触媒を入れ、モデルガスを反応管に導入し、NOx、CO、炭化水素(C3H6)の転化率及び炭素バランスを測定した。その結果を図3に示す。
反応管内に、Pdを2重量%担持した炭素材料からなる触媒を入れ、モデルガスを流し、上記と同様に測定した。その結果を図5に示す。
反応管内に、Rhを0.5重量%担持した炭素材料からなる触媒を入れ、モデルガスを流し、上記と同様に測定した。その結果を図8に示す。
反応管内に、Rhを実施例3よりも少ない0.1重量%担持した炭素材料からなる触媒を入れ、モデルガスを流し、上記と同様に測定した。その結果を図9に示す。
炭素材料からなる触媒を空気雰囲気において500℃で3時間焼成した残渣からなる触媒を準備し、反応管に入れて、モデルガスを流し、上記と同様に測定した。その結果を図10に示す。
比較例として、炭素材料を用いずPtからなる触媒として、反応管内にPt−アルミナ触媒を入れて、反応ガスを流し、上記と同様に測定した。Ptの担持量は市販の三元触媒の約8〜10倍である、1.7重量%とした。その結果を図11に示す。
反応管内に、炭素材料からなる触媒にさらに窒素ドープを行った触媒を入れて、反応ガスを流し、上記と同様に測定した。窒素ドープの条件は空気とアンモニアの割合を7:2.3、500℃、3時間とした。その結果を図12に示す。
反応管内に触媒を入れないで、反応ガスを流し、NOx、CO、炭化水素(C3H6)、炭素マスバランスを測定した。その結果を図13に示す。
Claims (6)
- 遷移金属化合物及び窒素含有有機物、又は、
遷移金属化合物、窒素含有有機物及び窒素非含有炭素化合物、を焼成させてなる炭素材料から構成され、炭化水素を酸化し、
前記遷移金属化合物における遷移金属が、Co、Fe又はNiである、酸化触媒。 - 前記炭化水素を200℃以上で酸化する、請求項1に記載の酸化触媒。
- 遷移金属化合物及び窒素含有有機物、又は、
遷移金属化合物、窒素含有有機物及び窒素非含有炭素化合物、を焼成させてなる炭素材料と、該炭素材料に担持された、Pd、Rh及びその化合物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の担持材料と、から構成され、NOxを還元し、
前記遷移金属化合物における遷移金属が、Co、Fe又はNiである、還元触媒。 - 前記NOx を200℃以上で還元する、請求項3に記載の還元触媒。
- 前記炭素材料の重量を基準とする、該担持材料の量が0.05〜5質量%である、請求項3又は4に記載の還元触媒。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の酸化触媒及び請求項3〜5のいずれか一項に記載の還元触媒の少なくとも一方を含む、排気ガス浄化触媒。
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JP2009158814A JP5538760B2 (ja) | 2009-07-03 | 2009-07-03 | 酸化触媒、還元触媒及び排気ガス浄化触媒 |
PCT/JP2010/059124 WO2011001772A1 (ja) | 2009-07-03 | 2010-05-28 | 酸化触媒、還元触媒及び排気ガス浄化触媒 |
EP10793943A EP2452747A4 (en) | 2009-07-03 | 2010-05-28 | OXIDATION CATALYST, REDUCING CATALYST AND CATALYST FOR EXHAUST GAS BLEEDING |
US13/381,558 US20120196743A1 (en) | 2009-07-03 | 2010-05-28 | Oxidation catalyst, reduction catalyst, and catalyst for purging exhaust gas |
CA2766015A CA2766015A1 (en) | 2009-07-03 | 2010-05-28 | Oxidation catalyst, reduction catalyst, and catalyst for purging exhaust gas |
CN2010800296195A CN102481553A (zh) | 2009-07-03 | 2010-05-28 | 氧化催化剂、还原催化剂及废气净化催化剂 |
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CN105762376B (zh) * | 2016-04-20 | 2018-04-24 | 青岛大学 | 氮磷共掺杂碳纳米片的制备方法及其应用 |
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