SI9520129A - Vodna črnila in prevleke, ki vsebujejo modificirane ogljikove produkte - Google Patents
Vodna črnila in prevleke, ki vsebujejo modificirane ogljikove produkte Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SI9520129A SI9520129A SI9520129A SI9520129A SI9520129A SI 9520129 A SI9520129 A SI 9520129A SI 9520129 A SI9520129 A SI 9520129A SI 9520129 A SI9520129 A SI 9520129A SI 9520129 A SI9520129 A SI 9520129A
- Authority
- SI
- Slovenia
- Prior art keywords
- group
- carbon
- salt
- organic group
- substituted
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/52—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbon, e.g. graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B39/00—Other azo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/44—Carbon
- C09C1/46—Graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/44—Carbon
- C09C1/48—Carbon black
- C09C1/56—Treatment of carbon black ; Purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/44—Carbon
- C09C1/48—Carbon black
- C09C1/56—Treatment of carbon black ; Purification
- C09C1/565—Treatment of carbon black ; Purification comprising an oxidative treatment with oxygen, ozone or oxygenated compounds, e.g. when such treatment occurs in a region of the furnace next to the carbon black generating reaction zone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/44—Carbon
- C09C1/48—Carbon black
- C09C1/56—Treatment of carbon black ; Purification
- C09C1/58—Agglomerating, pelleting, or the like by wet methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
- C09C3/08—Treatment with low-molecular-weight non-polymer organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/03—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
- C09D11/037—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the pigment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/16—Writing inks
- C09D11/18—Writing inks specially adapted for ball-point writing instruments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/32—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents
- C09D11/324—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents containing carbon black
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/02—Emulsion paints including aerosols
- C09D5/024—Emulsion paints including aerosols characterised by the additives
- C09D5/028—Pigments; Filters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/41—Organic pigments; Organic dyes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
- D01F11/10—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of carbon
- D01F11/14—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of carbon with organic compounds, e.g. macromolecular compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
- D21H17/69—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments modified, e.g. by association with other compositions prior to incorporation in the pulp or paper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/14—Pore volume
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/19—Oil-absorption capacity, e.g. DBP values
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
- C04B2235/422—Carbon
- C04B2235/424—Carbon black
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
- C04B2235/422—Carbon
- C04B2235/425—Graphite
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Opisane so vodne zmesi črnila, ki vključujejo modificiran ogljikov produkt, ki vsebuje ogljik, ki ima vezano vsaj eno organsko skupino substituirano z ionsko ali ionizabilno skupino. Prav tako je opisana zmes vodne prevleke, ki vsebuje vodo, vezalec in modificiran ogljikov produkt, ki ima vsaj eno organsko skupino vezano na ogljik, značilna po tem, da je organska skupina substituirana z ionsko ali ionizabilno skupino.ŕ
Description
VODNA ČRNILA IN PREVLEKE, KI VSEBUJEJO MODIFICIRANE OGLJIKOVE PRODUKTE
Ta izum je delno nadaljevanje U.S. patentne aplikacije s serijsko številko 08/356,653, registrirane 15.12.1994 in katere odkritje je tu vključeno z referencami.
PODROČJE IZUMA
Ta izum se nanaša na vodna črnila in prevleke, ki vsebujejo modificirane ogljikove produkte.
OZADJE IZUMA
Obstaja več različnih razvrstitev črnil, ki se uporabljajo dandanes. Te kategorije vključujejo črnila za tiskanje, ultravijolična sušena črnila, črnila za kemične svinčnike in črnila za žigosanje ter za blazinice za žigosanje. V osnovi so črnila sestavljena iz štirih glavnih sestavin. To so barvila, nosilci ali laki, aditivi in topila.
Podrobneje, barvila, ki zajemajo pigmente, tonerje in barve, zagotavljajo barvni kontrast s substratom. Nosilci ali laki se obnašajo kot nosilci barvil med tiskanjem. Po osušitvi nosilec veže barvilo na substrat. Aditivi vplivajo na sposobnost tiskanja, značilnosti filma, hitrost sušenja in končne lastnosti. Topila pa, poleg tega da sodelujejo v tvorbi nosilca, uporabljamo za zmanjšanje viskoznosti črnil in prilagoditve hitrosti sušenja in smolne sposobnosti. Na splošno sestavine teh štirih razredov stehtamo, zmešamo in dispergiramo skupaj ali ločeno, odvisno od formul oz. receptov.
Nadvladujoči črni pigmenti so saje, kot so saje iz peči, ki jih uporabljamo kot barvila, tako v suhi, uprašeni obliki, brizgane paste ali v obliki tekočinskih koncentratov. Brizgane paste in tekočinski koncentrati so bolj ekonomični, ker se zelo lahko dispergirajo. Na splošno oblika barvil vpliva na barvni odtenek, stalnost, volumen, motnost, reologijo, končno uporabo in kvaliteto tiskanja.
Na splošno lahko črnila nanesemo z reliefnim tiskanjem, litografično, fleksografično, z gravuro, s tehniko imenovano svileno rešeto, z matrico, z dupliciranjem ali elektrostatsko. Končna uporaba črnil je v časopisih, publikacijah, komercialno, zložljivih kartonih, knjigah, nagubanih škatlah, papirnih vrečkah, ovitkih, nalepkah, kovinskih embalažah, plastičnih embalažah, folijah, dodatkih k hrani, sanitarnem papirju, tkaninah in podobno.
Še več podrobnosti o tipih črnil, ki se jih da dobiti ter o njihovi uporabi najdemo v McGraw-Hill's Encyclopedia of Science and Tehnology, Vol.7, str. 159-164, tu vključeno z referencami.
Celo pri črnilih, ki se že dobijo na tržišču ostaja težnja po črnilih, ki se jih lažje pripravi.
Prevleke se uporablja za dekorativne, zaščitne in uporabne namene pri veliko vrstah površin. Te površine vključujejo zavitke, kovine, priprave, pohištvo, lesonit, stavbni in vezan les, v pomorstvu, pri vzdrževanju, avtomobilih, pločevinkah in lepenkah. Nekatere prevleke, kot so tiste na podvodnih cevovodih, imajo predvsem zaščitno vlogo. Ostale, kot so na primer zunanje avtomobilske prevleke, imjo tako zaščitno, kot tudi okrasno vlogo. Drugi nadzorujejo trenje na ladijskih krovih in avtomobilskih sedežih. Nekater prevleke nadzorujejo gnitje ladijskega dna, druge ščitijo hrano in napitke v pločevinkah. Silikonski drobci, tiskane krožne plošče, prevleke na vlaknih za prenašanje elektromagnetnega valovanja, magnetne prevleke na video kasetah in računalniški diski so nekateri izmed številnih tako imenovanih visoko tehnoloških aplikacij za prevleke.
Vsako leto se proizvede na tisoče različnih prevlek. Na splošno so te prevleke sestavljene iz enega ali več vezalcev, na primer smole ali polimeri, vsaj enega topila, enega ali več pigmentov in lahko tudi nekaj aditivov. Večino prevlek se proizvede in nanese v obliki tekočin in se po nanosu na substrat spremenijo v trden film.
Pigmenti in prevleke zagotavljajo motnost in barvo.
Pigment vpliva na sijaj končne prevleke in ima lahko pomemben vpliv na mehanske lastnosti. Nekateri pigmenti lahko celo zavirajo korozijo. Nadalje pigmenti vplivajo na viskoznost in povečajo aplikacijske lastnosti prevleke. Pomembna spremenljivka, ki določa lastnosti pigmentov je velikost delcev in njihova porazdelitev. Postopki za tvorbo pigmentov so narejeni tako, da dajo takšno velikost delcev in njihovo porazdelitev, ki zagotavlja najboljši kompromis za delce tega pigmenta. Pri tvorbi prevlek je željeno dispergirati pigmente na tak način, da dosežejo stabilno disperzijo, kjer je večina, če ne vsi delci pigmenta ločeni na posamezne delce, ki jih med proivodnjo vključimo v produkt. Disperzija pigmentov vključuje močenje, ločitev in stabilizacijo.
Obstajajo tri kategorije nosilcev: tisti, pri katerih je vezalec topen v vodi, tisti, pri katerih je koloidno dispergiran in tisti pri katerih je emulzifiran da tvori lateks. Zmesi površinskih prevlek so običajno bolj ali manj viskozne tekočine s tremi osnovnimi sestavinami: snov, ki tvori film ali kombinacije snovi, ki jim pravimo vezalec, pigmenti ali kombinacije pigmentov in hlapljiva tekočina. Kombinacije vezalca in hlapljive tekočine se imenuje nosilec, ki je lahko raztopina ali disperzija finih delcev vezalcav netopilu. Pigmenti so spretno deljeni, netopni, trdni delci dispergirani v nosilcu prevleke in porazdeljeni skozi vezalec v končnem filmu. Površinsko delujoče snovi uporabimo kot pigmentne disperzante. Sestavine in proizvodnja vodnih prevlek so podrobneje opisane v Concised Encyclopedia of Polimers, Science and Engieneering, strani 160-171 (1990), ki je tu vključena z referencami.
Še vedno se pojavlja potreba po vodni prevleki, ki se lažje pripravi, tako v vodnih črnilih kot tudi prevlekah. Topilo je voda ali pa vsebuje vodo.
POVZETEK IZUMA
Glede na to se izum nanaša na vodne zmesi črnil ali vodne zmesi prevlek, ki vsebujejo vodo in modificiran produkt ogljika, ki vsebuje ogljik z vezano organsko skupino. Organska skupina je substituirana z ionsko ali ionizabilno skupino. Ogljik, kot ga uporabljamo tu, je sposoben reagirati z diazonijevo soljo, da se tvori zgoraj omenjen modificiran produkt ogljika. Ogljik je lahko amorfen ali kristaliničen. Primeri vključujejo, vendar se ne omejujejo na grafit, saje, steklu podoben ogljik, aktivirano oglje, aktiviran ogljik in njihove zmesi. Prednostne so fino deljene oblike zgornjih snovi.
Organska skupina je sestavljena iz: a) vsaj ene organske skupine in b) vsaj ene ionske skupine, vsaj ene ionizabilne skupine ali zmesi ionske in ionizabilne skupine. Organska skupina ima aromatsko skupino vezano direktno na ogljik z aromatsko skupino.
Alternativno organska skupina modificiranega produkta saj vsebuje a) vsaj eno C1-C12 substituirano ali nesubstituirano alkilno skupino in b) vsaj eno ionsko skupino, vsaj eno ionizabilno skupino ali zmes ionske in ionizabilne skupine.
Vodna črnila in prevleke tega izuma dajejo željeno stabilnost disperzij, kvaliteto tiskanja in optično gostoto slike.
Opis, ki sledi podrobno razlaga ostale značilnosti in prednosti tega izuma. Te funkcije bodo razpoznavne iz tega opisa ali pa so razvidne iz prakse tega izuma, kot je opisan. Cilji in ostale prednosti bodo realizirane in dosežene s postopki, produkti in zmesmi, posebej poudarjenimi v spodnjem opisu in v dodanih patentnih zahtevkih.
PODROBEN OPIS
Ogljik, kot je uporabljan tu, je sposoben reagirati z diazonijevo soljo ter tako tvoriti zgoraj omenjene modificirane produkte ogljika. Ogljik je lahko kristaliničen ali amorfen. Primeri vključujejo grafit, saje, steklu podoben ogljik, aktivirano oglje ali aktiviran ogljik ali njihove zmesi, vendar se ne omejujejo nanje. Prednostne so učinkovito ločene oblike zgornjih.
Ta izum se nanaša na vodna črnila in zmesi prevlek, ki vsebujejo vodni nosilec in modificiran produkt ogljika. Za razliko od običajnih ogljikovih pigmentov, modificiranih ogljikovih produktov za uporabo v črnilih in prevlekah tega izuma ni težko dispergirati v vodnem nosilcu. Pri modificiranih produktih saj tega izuma ni nujna uporaba običajnih postopkov mletja, niti niso nujno potrebni disperzanti, da bi zadržali uporabno črnilo ali prevleko. Prednostno modificirani produkti ogljika zahtevajo le malo mešanja, da se pigment lahko dispergira v vodi.
Produkte saj lahko pripravimo z reagiranjem ogljika, kot je opisano zgoraj, z diazonijevo soljo v tekočinskem reakcijskem mediju, da se na površje ogljika veže vsaj ena organska skupina. Prednosten reakcijski medij vključuje vodo, katerikoli medij, ki vsebuje vodo in katerikoli medij, ki vsebuje alkohol. Prioriteto ima voda. Ti modificirani produkti ogljika, kjer so ogljik saje, in različni postopki za njihovo pripravo so opisani v ZDA Patentni prijavi s serijsko št. 08/356,660 z naslovom Reaction of Carbon Black with Diazonium Salts, Resultant Carbon Black Products and Their Uses, registrirane 15.12.1994 in je delno nadaljevanje prijave, ki je vložena istočasno, obe pa sta tu vključeni z referencami. Ti modificirani produkti ogljika, kjer ogljik niso saje, in različni postopki za njihovo pripravo so opisani v ZDA Patentni prijavi s serijsko št. 08/356,653 z naslovom Reaction of Carbon Materials with Diazonium Salts and Resultant Carbon Products, registrirane 15.12.1994 in tu vključene z referencami.
Za izvršitev postopka tega izuma mora biti diazonijeva sol le toliko stabilna, da lahko reagira z ogljikom. Tako lahko reakcijo izvedemo z nekaterimi diazonijevimi solmi, ki sicer veljajo za nestabilne in izpostavimo dekompoziciji. Nekateri procesi razgradnje lahko tekmujejo z reakcijo med ogljikom in diazonijevo soljo in lahko zmanjšajo skupno število organskih skupin vezanih na ogljikovo snov. Še več, reakcijo lahko izvedemo pri povišanih temperaturah, kjer je veliko diazonijevih soli podvrženih razgradnji. Povišane temperature lahko koristno povečajo topnost diazonijevih soli v reakcijskem mediju in izboljšajo izvedbo postopka. Kakorkoli že, pa lahko povišane temperature povzročijo določeno izgubo diazonijevih soli zaradi procesa razgradnje.
Ogljik lahko reagiramo z diazonijevo soljo, ko je prisotna v obliki razredčene, rahlo mešane, vodne zmesi ali ob prisotnosti prave količine vode vode za tvorbo piluliziranih saj. Po želji lahko pilulizirane saje tvorimo z uporabo običajnih tehnik piluliziranja. Podobno lahko z diazonijevimi solmi reagiramo tudi ostale ogljike. Razen tega, ko za modificirane ogljikove produkte za katere uporabimo ogljik, ki niso saje, za uporabo v vodnih črnilih in prevlekah, je najbolje če je ogljik pred reakcijo z diazonijevo soljo sestavljen iz finih delcev, da tako preprečimo neželjeno obarjanje v črnilih. Organske skupine, ki so lahko vezane na ogljik so organske skupine substituirane z ionsko ali ionizabilno skupino kot funkcionalne skupine. Ionizabilna skupina je tista, ki je sposobna tvoriti ionsko skupino v določenem mediju. Ionska
Ί skupina je lahko anionska skupina ali kationska skupina in ionizabilna skupina lahko tvori anion ali kation.
Ionizabilne funkcionalne skupine, ki tvorijo anione vključujejo na primer kislinske skupine ali njihove soli. Organske skupine torej vključujejo skupine pridobljene iz organskih kislin. Prednostno, ko ta vsebuje ionizabilno skupino, ki tvori anion, kot je organska skupina z a) aromatsko skupino ali C1-C12 substituirano ali nesubstitirano alkilno skupino in b) vsaj eno kislinsko skupino, s pKa manjšim od 11, ali vsaj eno sol kislinske skupine, ki ima pKa manjši od 11, ali zmes vsaj ene kislinske skupine, ki ima pKa manjši od 11 in vsaj ene soli kislinske skupine, ki ima pKa manjši od 11. pKa kislinske skupine se nanaša na pKa organske skupine kot celote, ne le kislinskega substituenta. Najbolje je, če je pKa manjši od 10, še bolje, če je manjši od 9. Prednostno je aromatska skupina organske skupine vezana direktno na saje. Aromatska skupina je lahko dalje substituirana ali nesubstituirana, na primer z alkilnimi skupinami. Najbolje je, če je organska skupina fenilna ali naftilna skupina in kislinska skupina je sulfonska kislinska skupina, sulfinska kislinska skupina, fosfonska kislinska skupina ali karboksilna kislinska skupina. Primeri vključujejo -COOH, -SO3H in PO3H2, -SO2NH, SO2NHCOR, in njihove soli, na primer -COONa, -COOK, -COO“NR4 +, -SO3Na, -HPO3Na, —SO3~NR4+ in PO3Na2, kjer je R alkilna ali fenilna skupina. Prednostni skupini sta predvsem -COOH in -SO3H ter njuni natrijvi in kalijevi soli.
Prednostno je organska skupina substituirana ali nesubstituirana sulfofenilna skupina ali njena sol; substituirana ali nesubstituirana (polisulfo)fenilna skupina ali njena sol; substituirana ali nesubstituirana sulfonaftilna skupina ali njena sol, ali pa je organska skupina substituirana ali nesubstituirana (polisulfo)naftilna skupina ali njena sol. Najboljša substitirana sulfofenilna skupina je hidroksisulfofenilna skupina ali njena sol.
Specifične organske skupine, ki imajo ionizabilno funkcionalno skupino, ki tvori anion so p-sulfofenil, 4hidroksi-3-sulfofenil in 2-sulfoetil.
Amini predstavljajo primere ionizabilnih funkcionalnih skupin, ki tvorijo kationske skupine in so lahko vezani na isto organsko skupino, kot je opisana zgoraj za ionizabilne skupine, ki tvorijo anione. Na primer, amine lahko protoniramo do tvorbe amonijevih skupin v kislinskem mediju. Prednostno ima organska skupina, ki ima aminski substituent pKb manjši od 5. Primeri kationskih skupin so tudi kvarterne amonijeve skupine (-NR3 +) in kvaterne fosfonijeve skupine (-PR3+) , ki so lahko vezani na isto organsko skupino, kot je opisana zgoraj za ionizabilne skupine, ki tvorijo anione. Prednostno organska skupina vsebuje aromatsko skupino, kot je fenilna ali naftilna skupina in kvarterna amonijeva ali kvarterna fosfonijeva skupina. Aromatska skupina je prednostno direktno vezana na ogljik. Kot organske skupine lahko prav tako uporabimo kvarterizirane ciklične amine in celo kvarterizirane aromatske amine. Tako lahko v te namene uporabimo N-substituirane piridinijeve spojine, kot je Nmetil-piridil. Primeri organskih skuj^in vključujejo, vendar se ne omejujejo na (C5H4N) C2H5 +, C6H4 (NC5H5)+, C6H4COCH2N (CH3) 3 +, C6H4COCH2 (NC5H5)+, (C5H4N)CH3 + in C6H4CH2N (CH3) 3 +.
Prednost modificiranih ogljikovih produktov, ki imajo vezano organsko skupino substituirano z ionsko ali ionizabilno skupino, je v tem, da imajo modificirani produkti ogljika povečano disperzibilnost v vodi relativno na ustrezne nereagirane saje. Na splošno vodna disperzibilnost modificiranih produktov ogljika narašča, kot narašča število organskih skupin vezanih na ogljik, ki imajo ionizabilne skupine ali pa s številom ionizabilnih skupin vezanih na dano organsko skupino. Tako naj bi večje število ionizabilnih skupin povezanih z modificiranimi produkti ogljika, povečalo vodno disperzibilnost in dovoljevalo nadzorovanje vodne disperzibilnosti do željene meje. Omeniti je potrebno tudi, da lahko vodno disperzibilnost modificiranega produkta ogljika, ki vsebuje amin kot organsko skupino vezano na ogljik, povečamo z nakisanjem vodnega nosilca.
Ker je vodna disperzibilnost modificiranega produkta ogljika do neke mere odvisna od stabilizacije naboja, je najbolje, če je ionska moč vodnega medija manjša od 0.1 M.
Še bolje je, če je ionska moč manjša od 0.01 M.
Priporočljivo je, če modificiran produkt saj tega izuma ne vsebuje nobenih stranskih produktov ali soli.
Ko tak v vodi disperzibilen produkt tega izuma pripravimo po postopku tega izuma, je najbolje, da ionsko ali ionizabilno skupino ioniziramo v reakcijskem mediju. Alternativno lahko modificiran ogljikov produkt osušimo z uporabo tehnik, ki jih uporabljamo za običajne saje. Te tehnike vključujejo, vendar se ne omejujejo nanje, sušenje v peči in rotacijski sušilni peči. Če produkt preveč osušimo lahko povzročimo zmanjšanje vodne disperzibilnosti. V primeru, če se modificiran produkt saj ne dispergira v vodnem nosilcu tako dobro, kot bi želeli, lahko modificiran produkt ogljika dispergiramo z uporabo običajnih, poznanih tehnik, kot je na primer mletje.
Modificirani produkti saj tega izuma so uporabni v brezvodnih zmeseh črnil. Tako ta izum zagotavlja izboljšano zmes črnila, sestavljeno iz vode in modificiranega produkta saj glede na ta izum. V zmes črnila lahko vključimo tudi ostale znane aditive za vodna črnila.
Na splošno je črnilo sestavljeno iz štirih osnovnih komponent: (1) barvilo ali pigment, (2) nosilec ali lak, ki služi kot nosilec med tiskanjem, (3) dodatki za izboljšanje sušenja, tiskanja in podobno, in (4) topila za prilagajanje viskoznosti, sušenja in združljivosti ostalih komponent črnila. Za splošen opis lastnosti, priprave in uporabe vodnih črnil glej The Printing Manual, 5. izdaja, Leach in ostali, Eds. (Chapman and Hall, 1993), tu vključene z referencami. Različne zmesi vodnih črnil so prav tako opisane na primer v United States Patents Nos. 2,833,736, 3,607,813, 4,104,833, 4,308,061, 4,770,706 in 5,026,755, vsi tukaj vključeni z referencami.
Modificiran ogljikov produkt tega izuma lahko vključimo v brezvodne zmesi črnil s standardnimi tehnikami, tako v obliki preddisperzij, kot tudi trdnih snovi. Uporaba modificiranih ogljikovih produktov tega izuma lahko zagotavlja pomembno prednost in zmanjšanje stroškov z zmanjšanjem ali odpravo mletja, ki se splošno uporablja pri običajnih sajah.
Ena izmed skupin zmesi vodnih črnil so fleksografična črnila. Ta črnila na splošno vključujejo barvilo, vezalec in topilo. Kot barvila fleksografičnih črnil so uporabni tudi modificirani produkti ogljika tega izuma. Primer 3 prikazuje uporabo modificiranega produkta ogljika tega izuma v vodnih zmeseh fleksografičnih črnil.
Produkt saj tega izuma uporabljamo v vodnih časnikarskih črnilih. Na primer zmesi vodnih časnikarskih črnil lahko vsebujejo vodo, modificirane produkte ogljika tega izuma, smolo in običajne aditive, kot so dodatki proti penjenju ali površinsko delujoče snovi.
Modificiran produkt ogljika tega izuma lahko prav tako uporabljamo v vodnih prevlekah, kot so barve ali končne snovi. Tako je ta izum izboljšana zmes vodne prevleke, ki vsebuje vodo, smolo in modificiran produkt ogljika glede na ta izum. V vodno zmes prevlek lahko vključimo tudi ostale znane aditive za vodne prevleke. Glej na primer McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 5. izdaja (McGrawHill, 1982), tu vključena z referencami. Glej tudi United States Patents št. 5,051,464, 5,319,044, 5,204,404, 5,051,464, 4,692,481, 5,356,973, 5,314,945, 5,266,406 in 5,266,361, vsi tu vključeni z referencami.
Modificiran produkt ogljika tega izuma lahko vključimo v zmesi vodnih prevlek s standardnimi tehnikami, tako v obliki preddisperzij, kot tudi trdnih snovi. Uporaba v vodi disperzibilnih produktov saj tega izuma zagotavlja pomembno prednost in zmanjšanje stroškov z zmanjšanjem ali odpravo mletja, ki se običajno uporablja pri ostalih običajnih sajah. Uporabo modificiranih produktov saj tega izuma v vodnih zmeseh avtomobilskih površinskih prevlek prikazuje nekaj spodnjih Primerov.
Vodna črnila in prevleke, ki vsebujejo vodni nosilec in stabilno dispergiran modificiran produkt ogljika kot pigment, ki ga lahko tvorimo z minimalnimi sestavinami in postopki priprave ob uporabi zgornjih produktov ogljika. Takšna črnila in prevleke lahko uporabimo za veliko različnih aplikacij. Prednostno, v vodnih črnilih in prevlekah tega izuma, so modificirani produkti ogljika prisotni v količini manjši ali enaki 20% utežnim odstotkom črnila ali prevleke. Prav tako je v mejah tega izuma uporaba zmesi vodnih črnil ali prevlek, ki vsebujejo zmes nemodificiranega ogljika in modificiranih ogljikovih produktov tega izuma. Za nadaljno izboljšanje lastnosti vodnih črnil in prevlek lahko k disperziji dodamo običajne aditive, kot so tisti opisani spodaj.
PRIMERI
Analitske metode
Površino dušika dobimo s pomočjo metode BET (BET - metoda metjenja površin imenovana po Brunauer, Emmett in Teller;
Op. prev.) po ZDA standardu ASTM D-4820, za površinske meritve. DBPA (količina dibutilftalata absorbiranega na nezdrobljenih sajah) podatke dobimo po ZDA standardih ASTM D-2414.
Vsebnost hlapljive snovi določimo, kot je opisano spodaj.
Vzorec saj osušimo do konstantne teže pri 125°C. 45 mL vzorec suhih saj damo v pokrit 50 mL talilni lonček, ki ga osušimo pri 950°C in segrevamo v talilni peči 7 minut pri 950°C. Vsebnost hlapljive snovi izrazimo kot odstotek izgube mase v vzorcu ogljika.
V različnih primerih spodaj smo za določitev vodnega ostanka produkta saj glede na ta izum in neobdelanih saj, uporabili naslednji postopek. 5 g produkta saj stresamo 5 minut s 45 g vode. Dobljeno disperzijo vlijemo skozi grobo sito in izpiramo z vodo, dokler ni oplaknica brezbarvna. Če ni drugače označeno uporabimo sito velikosti delcev 325. Ko sito osušimo določimo masni ostanek na njem in ga izrazimo kot odstotek produkta saj uporabljenega v poskusu.
Primer 1
Priprava produkta saj s prej tvorjeno diazonijevo soljo v mini pilulizerju
Ta primer prikazuje še eno metodo za pripravo produkta saj tega izuma. Mini pilulizer napolnimo s 400 g puhastih saj s površino 80 m2/g in 85 mL/100 g DBPA. Pripravimo notranjo sol 4-sulfobenzendiazonijevega hidroksida iz 27.1 g natrijeve soli sulfanilne kisline, 10.32 g natrijevega nitrita, 29.0 g koncentrirane HCl in 293.5 g vode in jo dodamo v pilulizer. Po 2 minutah piluliziranja odstranimo vzorec in ga osušimo pri 115°C do konstantne teže. Produkt čez noč izpostavimo Soxhletovi ekstrakciji z etanolom in dobimo produkt saj, ki vsebuje 1.1% žvepla v primerjavi z 0.8% v neobdelanem produktu saj. To kaže, da se 27% pC6H4SO3- skupin veže na produkt saj. Torej ima produkt saj 0.09 mmolov/g vezanih P-C6H4SO3-.
Primer 2
Priprava produkta saj v mini pilulizerju z diazonijevo soljo tvorjeno in situ
Ta primer prikazuje še eno metodo za pripravo produkta saj tega izuma. Uporabimo saje s površino 560 m2/g in 90 mL/100 g DBPA in 9.5% lahko hlapljive snovi. 50 g puhastih saj dodamo k raztopini 8.83 g sulfanilne kisline raztopljene v 420 g vode. Dobljeno suspenzijo ohladimo na 30°C in dodamo
4.6 g dušikove kisline. Med mešanjem postopno dodamo vodno raztopino 3.51 g natrijevega nitrita ter tako tvorimo notranjo 4-sulfobenzen-diazonijevo sol in situ, ki reagira s puhastimi sajami. Dobljen produkt osušimo v peči pri 125°C, tako da ostane le produkt saj. Produkt ima 0.1% ostanka na situ 325, v primerjavi z 6% za neobdelan produkt. Produkt izpostavimo čez noč Soxhletovi ekstrakciji z etanolom in ugotovimo da vsebuje 1.97% žvepla v primerjavi z 0.24% žvepla v neobdelanem produktu saj. To ustreza vezavi 53% pC6H4SO3 skupin na produkt saj. Torej ima produkt saj 0.54 mmolov/g vezanih P-C6H4SO3 skupin.
Primer 3
Uporaba produkta saj pri pripravi vodnega črnila
Ta primer prikazuje prednosti uporabe produkta saj tega izuma v zmeseh vodnih črnil. Črnilno zmes A pripravimo z dodatkom 3.13 delov produkta saj Primera 1 k nosilcu, ki ga pripravimo z mešanjem 2.92 delov JONCRIL 61LV smole, 0.21 delov izopropanola, 0.31 delov ARROWFLEX proti penjenju,
7.29 delov JONCRIL 89 smole in 6.98 delov vode ter zmes stresamo 10 minut na barvnem stresalcu. Tabela spodaj prikazuje količino ostankov na situ 635.
JONCRIL je zaščitena blagovna znamka za smole, ki jih proizvaja in prodaja SC Johnson Polymer, Racine, WI. ARROWFLEX je zaščitena blagovna znamka za snovi proti penjenju, ki jih proizvaja in prodaja Witco, New York, NY.
Zmesi črnila B, ki ga pripravimo z mletjem zmesi 120 delov produkta saj uporabljenega v Primeru 1, 112 delov JONCRIL 61LV smole, 8 delov izopropanola, 4 delov ARROWFLEX proti penjenju, 156 delov vode in 400 g medija za mletje. Da preverimo nivo mletja, vzorce periodično izpostavljamo kompoziciji C, ki vsebuje 15.0 delov produkta saj, 14.0 delov JONCRIL 61LV smole, 1.0 del izopropanola, 1.7 delov
ARROWFLEX proti penjenju, 35.1 del JONCRIL 89 smole in 33.4 delov vode.
Črnilno zmes D pripravimo z mletjem zmesi 120 delov produkta saj uporabljenega v Primeru 1, 112 delov JONCRIL 61LV smole, 8 delov izopropanola, 4 delov ARROWFLEX proti penjenju, 156 delov vode in 400 g medija za mletje. Da preverimo nivo mletja, vzorce periodično izpostavljamo kompoziciji E, ki vsebuje 15.0 delov produkta saj, 14.0 delov JONCRIL 61LV smole, 1.0 del izopropanola, 1.7 delov ARROWFLEX proti penjenju, 35.1 del JONCRIL 89 smole in 33.4 delov vode.
Ostanki črnilnih zmesi A, C in E so predstavljeni v spodnji tabeli, kot funkcija časa mletja in jasno kažejo, da se produkti saj tega izuma lažje dispergirajo v vodi, kot odgovarjajoče nereagirane saje teh vodnih črnil.
Čas disperzije | Črnilo A ostanek v % na situ 635 | Črnilo C ostanek v % na situ 635 | Črnilo E ostanek v % na situ 635 |
10 min stresanja | 2.6 | - | - |
20 min v krogličnem mlinu | 0.3 | ||
40 min v krogličnem mlinu | 0.2 | ||
1 ura v krogličnem mlinu | 0.02 | Približno 100 | |
2 uri v krogličnem mlinu | 10.8 | ||
3 ure v krogličnem mlinu | 5.8 | ||
4 ure v krogličnem mlinu | 0.9 | ||
10 ur v | - | - | 0.5 |
krogličnem mlinu | |||
14 ur v krogličnem mlinu | 0.3 | ||
15 ur v krogličnem mlinu | 1.0 | ||
16 ur v krogličnem mlinu | 1.0 |
Primer 4
Uporaba produkta saj pri pripravi vodne prevleke
Ta primer prikazuje produkte saj tega izuma, ki so uporabni pri pripravi vodnih prevlek. 10 g produkta saj Primera 2 dispergiramo v 90 g vode z 10 minutnim mešanjem. Zmes prevleke A pripravimo z mešanjem 4.3 g te disperzije v zmes 7.53 g CARGILL 17-7240 akrilne smole, 0.80 g dimetiletanolamina (DMEA), 19.75 g vode, 0.37 g SURFYNOL CT136 površinsko delujoče snovi, 1.32 g CARGILL 23-2347 melaminske smole, 0.53 g etilen glikol monobutil etra in 0.075 g ΒΥΚ-306 površinsko delujoče snovi. CARGILL 17-7240 akrilno smolo in CARGILL 23-2347 melaminsko smolo dobavlja Cargill Inc., Minneapolis, MN. SURFYNOL CT136 je zaščitena blagovna znamka za površinsko delujoči snovi, ki jih proizvaja in prodaja Air Products and Chemicals Inc., Alletown, PA. ΒΥΚ-306 je zaščitena blagovna znamka za površinsko delujoče snovi, ki jih proizvaja in prodaja ΒΥΚChemie USA, Wallingford.
Osnovo za mletje pripravimo z mletjem 15 g oksidiranih modificiranih produktov saj s površino 560 m2/g in 80 mL/100 g DBPA in 9.5% lahko hlapljive snovi v zmes 74.6 g CARGILL 17-7240 akrilne smole, 9.53 g (DMEA), 236.5 g vode in 16.35 g CT-136 površinsko delujoče snovi, dokler je srednji volumen velikosti delcev 0.18 mikronov. Primerjalne prevleke zmesi B pripravimo z mešajem 24.4 g te osnove z zmesjo 17.51 g CARGILL 17-7240 akrilne smole, 1.74 g (DMEA), 50.56 g vode, 3.97 g CARGILL 23-2347 melaminske smole, 1.59 g etilen glikol monobutil etra in 0.23 g ΒΥΚ-306 površinsko delujoče snovi.
Sijajen papir prevlečen z zmesmi A in B sušimo pri 177°C 10 minut. Nanesemo prozorno prevleko in vzorce še enkrat osušimo. Papir prevlečen z zmesjo A ima Hunter L, a in b vrednosti 1.0, 0.01, 0.03 v primerjavi z 1.1, 0.01 in 0.06 za papir prevlečen s primerjalno zmesjo B.
Primec 5
Priprava produkta saj in njegova uporaba v vodnih prevlekah
Ta primer prikazuje pripravo produkta saj tega izuma in njegovo uporabo v vodnih prevlekah. 200 g saj s CTAB površino 350 m2/g in 120 mL/100 g DBPA dodamo k mešani raztopini 42.4 g sulfanilne kisline v 2800 g vode. 25.5 g dušikovega dioksida raztopimo v 100 g hladne vode in ga dodamo k suspenziji produkta saj. Sproščajo se mehurčki. Tvori se notranja sol 4-sulfobenzendiazonijevega hidroksida, ki reagira s sajami. Po enournem mešanju dodamo nadaljnih 5 g NO2 direktno na disperzijo saj. Disperzijo mešamo nadaljnih 15 minut in pustimo stati čez noč. Produkt saj dobimo s sušenjem disperzije v peči pri 130°C.
Disperzijo tega produkta saj pripravimo z mešanjem 10 g produkta saj v 90 g vode. Zmes prevleke C pripravimo z mešanjem 4.3 g te disperzije v zmes 7.53 g CARGILL 17-7240 akrilne smole, 0.80 g dimetiletanolamina (DMEA), 19.75 g vode, 0.37 g SURFYNOL CT136 površinsko delujoče snovi, 1.32 g CARGILL 23-2347 melaminske smole, 0.53 g etilen glikol monobutil etra in 0.075 g ΒΥΚ-306 površinsko delujoče snovi.
Osnovo za mletje pripravimo z mešanjem (v gulilcu) 15 g oksidiranih produktov saj s površino 560 m2/g, 91 mL/100 g DBPA in 9.5% lahko hlapljive snovi v zmes 74.6 g CARGILL 177240 akrilne smole, 9.53 g (DMEA), 236.5 g vode in 16.35 g SURFYNOL CT-136 površinsko delujoče snovi za 24 ur. Primerjalne prevleke zmesi D pripravimo z mešanjem 24.4 g te osnove z zmesjo 17.51 g CARGILL 17-7240 akrilne smole, 1.74 g (DMEA), 50.56 g vode, 3.97 g CARGILL 23-2347 melaminske smole, 1.59 g etilen glikol monobutil etra in 0.23 g ΒΥΚ-306 površinsko delujoče snovi.
Sijajen papir prevlečen z zmesmi A in B sušimo pri 177°C 10 minut. Nanesemo prozorno prevleko in vzorce še enkrat osušimo. Papir prevlečen z zmesjo C ima Hunter L, a in b vrednosti 1.0, 0.01, 0.03 v primerjavi z 1.1, 0.01 in 0.06 za papir prevlečen s primerjalno zmesjo D.
za
CABOT CORPORATION 75 State Street^-Bas-toh
MA 02<rU9<L8757~~ti§A
Zastopnik: Jan
Claims (15)
- PATENTNI ZAHTEVKI1. Zmes vodnega črnila, značilna po tem, da vsebuje vodo in modificiran ogljikov produkt, ki ima vsaj eno organsko skupino vezano na ogljik, kjer je organska skupina substituirana z ionsko ali ionizabilno skupino.
- 2. Zmes vodnega črnila po zahtevku 1, značilna po tem, da je ionska ali ionizabilna skupina skupina sulfonske kisline ali njena sol, skupina sulfinske kisline ali njena sol, skupina karboksilne kisline ali njena sol, skupina fosfonske kisline ali njena sol ali pa kvarterna amonijeva skupina.
- 3. Zmes vodnega črnila po zahtevku 1, značilna po tem, da je organska skupina substituirana ali nesubstituirana sulfofenilna skupina ali njena sol, ali pa je organska skupina substituirana ali nesubstituirana (polisulfo)fenilna skupina ali njena sol.
- 4. Zmes vodnega črnila po zahtevku 1, značilna po tem, da je organska skupina substituirana ali nesubstituirana sulfonaftilna skupina ali njena sol, ali pa je organska skupina substituirana ali nesubstituirana (polisulfo)naftilna skupina ali njena sol.
- 5. Zmes vodnega črnila po zahtevku 3, značilna po tem, da je organska skupina substituirana ali nesubstituirana p-sulfofenilna skupina ali njena sol.
- 6. Zmes vodnega črnila po zahtevku 5, značilna po tem, da je organska skupina p-Cg^SCbNa.
- 7. Zmes vodnega črnila po zahtevku 7, značilna po tem, da je omenjen ogljik saje, grafit, steklu podoben ogljik, končno ločen ogljik, aktiviran ogljik, aktivirano oglje ali njihove zmesi.Zmes vodnega črnila po zahtevku 7, značilna po tem, da so omenjeni ogljik saje.
- 9. Zmes vodne prevleke, ki vsebuje vodo, vezivo in modificiran ogljikov produkt, značilna po tem, da ima vsaj eno organsko skupino vezano na ogljik in da je organska skupina substituirana z ionsko ali ionizabilno skupino.
- 10. Zmes vodne prevleke po zahtevku 9, značilna po tem, da je ionska ali ionizabilna skupina skupina sulfonske kisline ali njena sol, skupina sulfinske kisline ali njena sol, skupina karboksilne kisline ali njena sol, skupina fosfonske kisline ali njena sol ali pa kvarterna amonijeva skupina.
- 11. Zmes vodne prevleke po zahtevku 9, značilna po tem, da je organska skupina substituirana ali nesubstituirana sulfofenilna skupina ali njena sol, ali pa je organska skupina substituirana ali nesubstituirana (polisulfo)fenilna skupina ali njena sol.
- 12. Zmes vodne prevleke po zahtevku 9, za katero je značilno, da je organska skupina substituirana ali nesubstituirana sulfonaftilna skupina ali njena sol, ali pa je organska skupina substituirana ali nesubstituirana (polisulfo)naftilna skupina ali njena sol.
- 13. Zmes vodne prevleke po zahtevku 11, za katero je značilno, da je organska skupina p-sulfofenilna skupina ali njena sol.
- 14. Zmes vodne prevleke po zahtevku 13, za katero je značilno, da je organska skupina p-CgiUSOaNa.
- 15. Zmes vodne prevleke po zahtevku 9, za katero je značilno, da je omenjen ogljik saje, grafit, steklu podoben ogljik, končno ločen ogljik, aktiviran ogljik, aktivirano oglje ali njihove zmesi.
- 16. Zmes vodne prevleke po zahtevku 15, za katero je značilno, da so omenjeni ogljik saje.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US35666094A | 1994-12-15 | 1994-12-15 | |
US08/356,653 US5554739A (en) | 1994-12-15 | 1994-12-15 | Process for preparing carbon materials with diazonium salts and resultant carbon products |
PCT/US1995/016453 WO1996018696A1 (en) | 1994-12-15 | 1995-12-14 | Aqueous inks and coatings containing modified carbon products |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
SI9520129A true SI9520129A (sl) | 1998-04-30 |
Family
ID=26999303
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
SI9520129A SI9520129A (sl) | 1994-12-15 | 1995-12-14 | Vodna črnila in prevleke, ki vsebujejo modificirane ogljikove produkte |
Country Status (29)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5672198A (sl) |
EP (2) | EP1475420A3 (sl) |
JP (1) | JP3588123B2 (sl) |
KR (3) | KR100414313B1 (sl) |
CN (1) | CN1080748C (sl) |
AR (1) | AR000510A1 (sl) |
AT (1) | ATE288946T1 (sl) |
AU (1) | AU706229B2 (sl) |
BR (1) | BR9510016A (sl) |
CA (1) | CA2207455C (sl) |
CO (2) | CO4560479A1 (sl) |
CZ (1) | CZ297334B6 (sl) |
DE (1) | DE69534009T2 (sl) |
EG (1) | EG21734A (sl) |
HK (1) | HK1003649A1 (sl) |
IL (1) | IL116379A (sl) |
MX (2) | MX198172B (sl) |
MY (1) | MY114908A (sl) |
NO (1) | NO319259B1 (sl) |
NZ (1) | NZ298988A (sl) |
PL (1) | PL182912B1 (sl) |
RO (1) | RO120143B1 (sl) |
RU (2) | RU2173326C2 (sl) |
SI (1) | SI9520129A (sl) |
TR (1) | TR199501579A2 (sl) |
TW (1) | TW354804B (sl) |
UA (1) | UA43384C2 (sl) |
WO (1) | WO1996018696A1 (sl) |
YU (1) | YU49177B (sl) |
Families Citing this family (206)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6852156B2 (en) | 2000-06-05 | 2005-02-08 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Self-dispersing pigment and process of making and use of same |
US6028137A (en) | 1995-05-22 | 2000-02-22 | Cabot Corporation | Elastomeric compounds incorporating silicon-treated carbon blacks |
US6008272A (en) * | 1995-05-22 | 1999-12-28 | Cabot Corporation | Elastomeric compounds incorporating silicon-treated carbon blacks |
US6323273B1 (en) | 1995-05-22 | 2001-11-27 | Cabot Corporation | Elastomeric compounds incorporating silicon-treated carbon blacks |
US5869550A (en) * | 1995-05-22 | 1999-02-09 | Cabot Corporation | Method to improve traction using silicon-treated carbon blacks |
US6020402A (en) | 1995-09-15 | 2000-02-01 | Cabot Corporation | Silicone rubber compositions incorporating silicon-treated carbon blacks |
US5958999A (en) | 1996-04-05 | 1999-09-28 | Cabot Corporation | Ink compositions and method for generating images produced therefrom |
US6110994A (en) * | 1996-06-14 | 2000-08-29 | Cabot Corporation | Polymeric products containing modified carbon products and methods of making and using the same |
US5707432A (en) | 1996-06-14 | 1998-01-13 | Cabot Corporation | Modified carbon products and inks and coatings containing modified carbon products |
US5698016A (en) * | 1996-06-14 | 1997-12-16 | Cabot Corporation | Compositions of modified carbon products and amphiphilic ions and methods of using the same |
US6069190A (en) * | 1996-06-14 | 2000-05-30 | Cabot Corporation | Ink compositions having improved latency |
JP4697757B2 (ja) * | 1996-06-14 | 2011-06-08 | キャボット コーポレイション | 変性された有色顔料類及びそれらを含むインキジェットインキ類 |
US5747562A (en) | 1996-06-14 | 1998-05-05 | Cabot Corporation | Ink and coating compositions containing silicon-treated carbon black |
CA2266887A1 (en) | 1996-09-25 | 1998-04-02 | Cabot Corporation | Pre-coupled silicon-treated carbon blacks |
CA2266897A1 (en) | 1996-09-25 | 1998-04-02 | Cabot Corporation | Silica coated carbon blacks |
EP0838507B1 (en) * | 1996-10-24 | 2003-02-26 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Ink composition for ink-jet recording and ink set |
US5830265A (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 1998-11-03 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Counterion substitution in macromolecular chromophore (MMC) for ink-jet printing including textile, large format and office format printers |
US5749952A (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 1998-05-12 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Preparation of microemulsion and micellar color inks from modified water-soluble color chromaphores for thermal ink-jet printing |
US6399029B1 (en) | 1997-03-24 | 2002-06-04 | Cabot Corporation | Chemical processing using a dual feeder system, a sample port assembly, and a fluid flow control system |
US5886065A (en) * | 1997-03-24 | 1999-03-23 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Mediation of waterfastness in ink-jet ink compositions by using partial chemically-treated macromolecular chromophores (MMCs) |
US6017980A (en) * | 1997-03-27 | 2000-01-25 | Cabot Corporation | Elastomeric compounds incorporating metal-treated carbon blacks |
US5904762A (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 1999-05-18 | Cabot Corporation | Method of making a multi-phase aggregate using a multi-stage process |
US5955232A (en) * | 1997-07-22 | 1999-09-21 | Cabot Corporation | Toners containing positively chargeable modified pigments |
US5895522A (en) * | 1997-08-12 | 1999-04-20 | Cabot Corporation | Modified carbon products with leaving groups and inks and coatings containing modified carbon products |
JP3745130B2 (ja) | 1997-10-30 | 2006-02-15 | キヤノン株式会社 | 画像記録方法 |
US6471757B1 (en) | 1997-10-30 | 2002-10-29 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink, ink container, ink set, ink jet printing apparatus, and ink jet printing method |
US6068688A (en) * | 1997-11-12 | 2000-05-30 | Cabot Corporation | Particle having an attached stable free radical and methods of making the same |
ATE312145T1 (de) | 1997-10-31 | 2005-12-15 | Cabot Corp | Teilchen mit einem daran befestigtem stabilen freien radikal, polymerisierte modifizierte teilchen und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
US6368239B1 (en) | 1998-06-03 | 2002-04-09 | Cabot Corporation | Methods of making a particle having an attached stable free radical |
US6387500B1 (en) | 1997-11-06 | 2002-05-14 | Cabot Corporation | Multi-layered coatings and coated paper and paperboards |
US6472471B2 (en) | 1997-12-16 | 2002-10-29 | Cabot Corporation | Polymeric products containing modified carbon products and methods of making and using the same |
JP3862441B2 (ja) | 1998-03-20 | 2006-12-27 | キヤノン株式会社 | インクジェット記録用インク、インクセット、インクカートリッジ、記録ユニット、画像記録装置、画像記録方法、カラー画像の形成方法および画像の光学濃度向上方法 |
US6336965B1 (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 2002-01-08 | Cabot Corporation | Modified pigments having improved dispersing properties |
US6103380A (en) | 1998-06-03 | 2000-08-15 | Cabot Corporation | Particle having an attached halide group and methods of making the same |
US6221141B1 (en) | 1998-06-23 | 2001-04-24 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink, ink-jet recording process, recording unit, ink cartridge and ink-jet recording apparatus |
US6150433A (en) * | 1998-07-31 | 2000-11-21 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Ink-jet ink compositions containing modified macromolecular chromophores with covalently attached polymers |
US6979488B2 (en) | 1998-08-10 | 2005-12-27 | Eastman Kodak Company | Receiver having hydrophilic receiving surface |
JP3435371B2 (ja) | 1998-09-14 | 2003-08-11 | 株式会社日本触媒 | カーボンブラックグラフトポリマーおよびその用途 |
US6277183B1 (en) | 1998-10-08 | 2001-08-21 | Cabot Corporation | Ink compositions containing metal oxides |
US6458458B1 (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 2002-10-01 | Cabot Corporation | Polymer coated carbon products and other pigments and methods of making same by aqueous media polymerizations or solvent coating methods |
US6261347B1 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 2001-07-17 | Ncr Corporation | Scented jet ink and printed articles therefrom |
US6218067B1 (en) | 1998-11-06 | 2001-04-17 | Cabot Corporation | Toners containing chargeable modified pigments |
US6210473B1 (en) | 1998-11-09 | 2001-04-03 | Xerox Corporation | Ink composition and processes thereof |
JP2000190480A (ja) | 1998-12-25 | 2000-07-11 | Canon Inc | インクプリント方法およびインクプリント装置 |
CA2626296C (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2011-12-13 | Cabot Corporation | Polymer foams comprising chemically modified carbonaceous filler |
EP2316874A1 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2011-05-04 | Cabot Corporation | Aggregates having attached polymer groups and polymer foams |
US6177485B1 (en) | 1999-02-17 | 2001-01-23 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Polymers derived from unsaturated surfactants for use in ink-jet inks |
JP4704571B2 (ja) | 1999-03-05 | 2011-06-15 | キャボット コーポレイション | 有色顔料の調製方法 |
ATE376574T1 (de) | 1999-03-12 | 2007-11-15 | Cabot Corp | Kationische pigmente und diese enthaltende wässrige zusammensetzungen |
US6572692B1 (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 2003-06-03 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink, method for improving intermittent dischargeability of ink-jet recording apparatus, method for recording image, recording unit, ink cartridge, ink set, and image recording apparatus |
JP4428758B2 (ja) * | 1999-06-25 | 2010-03-10 | キヤノン株式会社 | インクジェットプリント装置およびその方法 |
US6221138B1 (en) | 1999-06-30 | 2001-04-24 | Ncr Corporation | Jet ink with a magneto-rheological fluid |
US6280871B1 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2001-08-28 | Cabot Corporation | Gas diffusion electrodes containing modified carbon products |
US6399202B1 (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2002-06-04 | Cabot Corporation | Modified carbon products useful in gas diffusion electrodes |
CN100386390C (zh) * | 1999-10-28 | 2008-05-07 | 卡伯特公司 | 喷墨油墨、油墨以及含着色颜料的其它组合物 |
JP4851040B2 (ja) | 1999-10-28 | 2012-01-11 | キャボット コーポレイション | インクジェット用インク、インク、および着色顔料を含有するその他の組成物 |
KR100532912B1 (ko) * | 1999-11-24 | 2005-12-02 | 제일모직주식회사 | 수용액 중에서의 분산성이 우수한 카본블랙의 제조방법 및이를 이용한 잉크젯 잉크 조성물 |
JP2004510953A (ja) | 1999-12-30 | 2004-04-08 | キャボット コーポレイション | 改良された性質を有するセンサー |
EP1185579B1 (en) | 2000-01-25 | 2009-09-09 | Cabot Corporation | Polymers containing modified pigments and methods of preparing the same |
US6479571B1 (en) | 2000-01-25 | 2002-11-12 | Cabot Corporation | Elastomeric compositions containing polymer coated carbon products and other pigments |
ITPC20000006A1 (it) * | 2000-02-03 | 2000-05-03 | Grafiche Rekord Srl | Metodo per incollare etichette di plastica su contenitori idrorepellenti a mezzo di impianti per colle ad acqua. |
EP1132438B1 (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2005-10-12 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for ink-jet printing |
US6533859B2 (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2003-03-18 | Flexsys America L.P. | Surface treated carbon black having improved dispersability in rubber and compositions of rubber therefrom having improved processability, rheological and dynamic mechanical properties |
US6494569B2 (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2002-12-17 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink-jet printing method |
JP5230886B2 (ja) | 2000-07-06 | 2013-07-10 | キャボット コーポレイション | 修飾顔料生成物、その分散体、およびそれを含有する組成物 |
US6468337B1 (en) | 2000-07-19 | 2002-10-22 | Xerox Corporation | Ink compositions with amine-functionalized pigments |
US6500401B2 (en) | 2000-07-20 | 2002-12-31 | Cabot Corporation | Carbon foams and methods of making the same |
US6706105B2 (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2004-03-16 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Aqueous ink, ink-jet recording method, recording unit, ink cartridge, ink set, and ink-jet recording apparatus |
US6822781B1 (en) | 2000-10-24 | 2004-11-23 | Cabot Corporation | Gyricon displays containing modified particles |
DE60210417T2 (de) * | 2001-02-02 | 2006-11-23 | Cabot Corp., Boston | Tintenzusammensetzung enthaltend salze von polyvalenten ionen |
US20030022055A1 (en) * | 2001-04-11 | 2003-01-30 | Jameel Menashi | Fuel cells and other products containing modified carbon products |
US7541308B2 (en) | 2001-04-11 | 2009-06-02 | Cabot Corporation | Fuel cells and other products containing modified carbon products |
US6645287B2 (en) | 2001-04-27 | 2003-11-11 | Cabot Corporation | Coating compositions comprising high t-area carbon products |
US6602335B2 (en) | 2001-05-08 | 2003-08-05 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Pigment solubilization via treatment with strong base and substitution |
JP4188091B2 (ja) * | 2001-05-15 | 2008-11-26 | イー インク コーポレイション | 電気泳動粒子 |
TW525063B (en) * | 2001-09-03 | 2003-03-21 | Via Tech Inc | General accelerated graphic port interface system and the operation method thereof |
US6908961B2 (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2005-06-21 | Cabot Corporation | Elastomer composites, elastomer blends and methods |
WO2003062331A1 (en) * | 2002-01-16 | 2003-07-31 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Smear resistant inkjet inks |
US20030151028A1 (en) * | 2002-02-14 | 2003-08-14 | Lawrence Daniel P. | Conductive flexographic and gravure ink |
US6852158B2 (en) | 2002-03-27 | 2005-02-08 | Cabot Corporation | Method for attachment of one or more organic groups onto a particle |
US7173078B2 (en) | 2002-04-12 | 2007-02-06 | Cabot Corporation | Process for preparing modified pigments |
US7390441B2 (en) * | 2002-05-23 | 2008-06-24 | Columbian Chemicals Company | Sulfonated conducting polymer-grafted carbon material for fuel cell applications |
US7241334B2 (en) * | 2002-05-23 | 2007-07-10 | Columbian Chemicals Company | Sulfonated carbonaceous materials |
US7459103B2 (en) | 2002-05-23 | 2008-12-02 | Columbian Chemicals Company | Conducting polymer-grafted carbon material for fuel cell applications |
KR20050014828A (ko) | 2002-05-23 | 2005-02-07 | 콜롬비안케미컬스컴파니 | 연료 전지 용도를 위한 술폰화된 전도성중합체-그라프트된 탄소 물질 |
US7195834B2 (en) * | 2002-05-23 | 2007-03-27 | Columbian Chemicals Company | Metallized conducting polymer-grafted carbon material and method for making |
JP2005527956A (ja) * | 2002-05-23 | 2005-09-15 | コロンビアン ケミカルズ カンパニー | 燃料電池適用のための導電性ポリマーグラフト炭素材料 |
US6899754B2 (en) * | 2002-06-06 | 2005-05-31 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Inkjet inks with increased optical density |
US7045002B2 (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2006-05-16 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Interactive ink set for inkjet printing |
US6863719B2 (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2005-03-08 | Lexmark International, Inc. | Ink jet ink with improved reliability |
US20040201658A1 (en) * | 2003-01-16 | 2004-10-14 | Christian Jackson | Inkjet ink set and method of using same |
ATE513017T1 (de) * | 2003-01-17 | 2011-07-15 | Cabot Corp | Verfahren zur herstellung wässriger farbpigmentdispersionen und tintenzusammensetzungen für tintenstrahl |
US6936097B2 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2005-08-30 | Cabot Corporation | Modified organic colorants and dispersions, and methods for their preparation |
US6942724B2 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2005-09-13 | Cabot Corporation | Modified organic colorants and dispersions, and methods for their preparation |
JP4508703B2 (ja) | 2003-04-24 | 2010-07-21 | キヤノン株式会社 | インクジェット用インク及びこれを用いたインクジェット記録方法 |
US20050020730A1 (en) * | 2003-05-19 | 2005-01-27 | Valentini Jose E. | Inkjet ink |
US20050039631A1 (en) * | 2003-05-23 | 2005-02-24 | Best Kevin J. | Pigmented inkjet ink set |
US20050090599A1 (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2005-04-28 | Spinelli Harry J. | Aqueous ionically stabilized dispersions |
US20050032930A1 (en) * | 2003-07-02 | 2005-02-10 | Christian Jackson | Inkjet ink |
US7001936B2 (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2006-02-21 | Lexmark International, Inc. | Pigmented inkjet ink |
US20050070629A1 (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2005-03-31 | Roberts C. Chad | Inkjet ink |
EP1678263B1 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2007-11-07 | E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company | Inkjet ink, ink set and method of printing |
US7192472B2 (en) * | 2003-09-18 | 2007-03-20 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Inkjet ink composition |
US7495042B2 (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2009-02-24 | Cabot Corporation | Non-aqueous coating compositions |
US7897658B2 (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2011-03-01 | Cabot Corporation | Aqueous coating compositions |
DE602004008324T2 (de) * | 2003-11-12 | 2008-05-08 | E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Co., Wilmington | Tintenstrahldrucktinte, tintenkombination und druckverfahren |
US7732372B2 (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2010-06-08 | Cabot Corporation | Particulate absorbent materials |
US20050215663A1 (en) * | 2004-01-21 | 2005-09-29 | Berge Charles T | Inkjet inks containing crosslinked polyurethanes |
CA2560069C (en) * | 2004-03-15 | 2012-10-30 | Cabot Corporation | Modified carbon products, their use in fuel cells and similar devices and methods relating to the same |
US20050256225A1 (en) * | 2004-05-11 | 2005-11-17 | Viola Michael S | Aqueous inkjet ink compositions comprising comb-branched copolymers |
US7351278B2 (en) * | 2004-06-09 | 2008-04-01 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Additive for high optical density inkjet ink |
DE102004029074A1 (de) * | 2004-06-16 | 2005-12-29 | Degussa Ag | Lackformulierung zur Verbesserung der Oberflächeneigenschaften |
US7347892B2 (en) * | 2004-08-13 | 2008-03-25 | Xerox Corporation | Phase change inks containing modified pigment particles |
US20060038901A1 (en) * | 2004-08-17 | 2006-02-23 | Pictureflow, Llc. | System and method for recording dynamic range of a photograph's luminance |
US20060038867A1 (en) * | 2004-08-18 | 2006-02-23 | Valentini Jose E | Inkjet ink with long latency |
US20060068987A1 (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2006-03-30 | Srinivas Bollepalli | Carbon supported catalyst having reduced water retention |
JP4819819B2 (ja) * | 2004-10-15 | 2011-11-24 | キャボット コーポレイション | 高抵抗組成物 |
ATE541904T1 (de) * | 2004-12-17 | 2012-02-15 | Cabot Corp | Verfahren zur herstellung oxidierter modifizierter pigmente und sie enthaltende tintenstrahltintenzusammensetzungen |
DE102005009321A1 (de) * | 2005-03-01 | 2006-09-07 | Degussa Ag | Suspension |
US7537650B2 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2009-05-26 | Eastman Kodak Company | Aqueous ink of colored ink and colorless ink containing anionic polymer |
US7722713B2 (en) * | 2005-05-17 | 2010-05-25 | Cabot Corporation | Carbon blacks and polymers containing the same |
DE102005037336A1 (de) * | 2005-08-04 | 2007-02-08 | Degussa Ag | Kohlenstoffmaterial |
US7479179B2 (en) | 2005-08-05 | 2009-01-20 | Eastman Kodak Company | Pigment inks having excellent image and storage properties |
BRPI0614329A2 (pt) * | 2005-08-08 | 2011-03-22 | Cabot Corp | composições poliméricas contendo nanotubos |
US7655708B2 (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2010-02-02 | Eastman Kodak Company | Polymeric black pigment dispersions and ink jet ink compositions |
US20070043144A1 (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-02-22 | Eastman Kodak Company | Pigment ink jet ink composition |
AU2006284979A1 (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2007-03-08 | Cabot Corporation | Process for preparing modified pigments |
SG142467A1 (en) | 2005-10-31 | 2008-06-27 | Cabot Corp | Modified colorants and inkjet ink compositions comprising modified colorants |
KR100665757B1 (ko) * | 2005-11-09 | 2007-01-09 | 제일모직주식회사 | 벤젠화합물로 표면처리된 카본블랙 및 이를 이용한 블랙 매트릭스용 카본블랙 분산액 조성물 |
US7749957B2 (en) | 2006-04-06 | 2010-07-06 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Clay-binding peptides and methods of use |
US8728223B2 (en) | 2006-05-16 | 2014-05-20 | Cabot Corporation | Low viscosity, high particulate loading dispersions |
US8585816B2 (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2013-11-19 | Cabot Corporation | Low viscosity, high particulate loading dispersions |
US7554815B2 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2009-06-30 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Resilient clip for circuit board |
US7732509B2 (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2010-06-08 | Eastman Kodak Company | Polymeric colorant-based ink compositions |
US8021471B2 (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2011-09-20 | Cabot Corporation | Modified colorants with aliphatic poly-acid groups |
EP2099869B1 (en) | 2006-10-31 | 2013-05-01 | Sensient Colors Inc. | Modified pigments and methods for making and using the same |
JP2010519366A (ja) * | 2007-02-27 | 2010-06-03 | キャボット コーポレイション | 複数の改質された顔料を含むインクジェットインク組成物 |
US7771523B2 (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2010-08-10 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Ink jet ink |
US7799121B2 (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2010-09-21 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Inkjet ink |
US20090020035A1 (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2009-01-22 | Christian Jackson | Inkjet ink |
US8133311B2 (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2012-03-13 | Cabot Corporation | Pigment dipsersions comprising functionalized non-polymeric dispersants |
CA3017708C (en) | 2007-08-23 | 2021-09-21 | Vincent Shing | Self-dispersed pigments and methods for making and using the same |
DE102007060307A1 (de) * | 2007-12-12 | 2009-06-18 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Verfahren zur Nachbehandlung von Ruß |
US20100288163A1 (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2010-11-18 | E.I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Aqueous inkjet ink comprising a bleed control agent |
DE102008005005A1 (de) * | 2008-01-17 | 2009-07-23 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Kohlenstoff-Aerogele, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
EP2235121A1 (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2010-10-06 | E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company | Ink jet inks having improved corrosion resistance for use in ink jet print heads comprising nickel or nickel alloys |
US20090192261A1 (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2009-07-30 | Waifong Liew Anton | Ink jet inks having improved corrosion resistance |
CN101970586B (zh) * | 2008-03-17 | 2014-08-20 | 卡伯特公司 | 具有降低的磷酸根释放的改性颜料以及得自其的分散体和喷墨油墨组合物 |
EP2285917B1 (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2012-08-01 | E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company | Fixer inks for use with ink jet inks |
US20100081740A1 (en) * | 2008-09-29 | 2010-04-01 | Christian Jackson | Aqueous inkjet ink comprising self-dispersing pigment |
DE102008044116A1 (de) * | 2008-11-27 | 2010-06-02 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Pigmentgranulat, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und Verwendung |
WO2010080686A1 (en) | 2009-01-09 | 2010-07-15 | Cabot Corporation | Modified pigment containing inkjet ink compositions having a reduced conductivity increase |
US8398762B2 (en) | 2009-03-24 | 2013-03-19 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Pigmented inkjet ink comprising a bleed control agent |
US8481678B2 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2013-07-09 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Peptide-based tooth whitening reagents |
JP2012522057A (ja) * | 2009-03-30 | 2012-09-20 | ジヨンソン・アンド・ジヨンソン・コンシユーマー・カンパニーズ・インコーポレーテツド | 化粧用剤の送達のためのペプチドに基づく系 |
AU2010234392A1 (en) | 2009-04-07 | 2011-10-27 | Sensient Colors Inc. | Self-dispersing particles and methods for making and using the same |
US8419176B2 (en) | 2009-05-29 | 2013-04-16 | Eastman Kodak Company | Aqueous compositions with improved silicon corrosion characteristics |
JP5589564B2 (ja) * | 2009-06-30 | 2014-09-17 | 住友化学株式会社 | 加硫ゴム及びその製造方法 |
US8932482B2 (en) | 2009-11-02 | 2015-01-13 | Cabot Corporation | Lead-acid batteries and pastes therefor |
CN102687316B (zh) | 2009-11-02 | 2015-08-26 | 卡博特公司 | 用于储能应用的高表面积低结构炭黑 |
US8398191B2 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2013-03-19 | Eastman Kodak Company | Continuous inkjet printer aquous ink composition |
US20110123714A1 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2011-05-26 | Hwei-Ling Yau | Continuous inkjet printer aquous ink composition |
ES2556334T3 (es) * | 2009-12-14 | 2016-01-15 | Basf Se | Procedimiento para la producción de superficies metalizadas, superficie metalizada y su uso |
DE102010002244A1 (de) * | 2010-02-23 | 2011-08-25 | Evonik Carbon Black GmbH, 63457 | Ruß, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und seine Verwendung |
US9434201B2 (en) | 2010-05-17 | 2016-09-06 | Eastman Kodak Company | Inkjet recording medium and methods therefor |
WO2011150301A1 (en) | 2010-05-27 | 2011-12-01 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fixer inks for use with ink jet inks |
US8430492B2 (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2013-04-30 | Eastman Kodak Company | Inkjet printing fluid |
US8434857B2 (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2013-05-07 | Eastman Kodak Company | Recirculating fluid printing system and method |
WO2012031183A2 (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2012-03-08 | Cabot Corporation | Modified fillers and elastomeric composites comprising same |
US20120156375A1 (en) | 2010-12-20 | 2012-06-21 | Brust Thomas B | Inkjet ink composition with jetting aid |
US8465578B2 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2013-06-18 | Eastman Kodak Company | Inkjet printing ink set |
WO2012149324A1 (en) | 2011-04-29 | 2012-11-01 | Eastman Kodak Company | Recirculating inkjet printing fluid, system and method |
US8759419B2 (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2014-06-24 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Water-based ink for ink-jet recording and cartridge |
US8741048B2 (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2014-06-03 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Water-based ink for ink-jet recording and ink cartridge |
US8764161B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2014-07-01 | Eastman Kodak Company | Printing fluids including a humectant |
US20130186301A1 (en) | 2012-01-24 | 2013-07-25 | Thomas Nelson Blanton | Ink having antibacterial and antifungal protection |
US20130189499A1 (en) | 2012-01-24 | 2013-07-25 | Thomas Nelson Blanton | Antibacterial and antifungal protection for ink jet image |
US8801166B2 (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2014-08-12 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Water-based ink for ink-jet recording, ink cartridge, and ink-jet recording apparatus |
US9175150B2 (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2015-11-03 | Cabot Corporation | Modified carbon blacks having low PAH amounts and elastomers containing the same |
PL2819854T3 (pl) * | 2012-03-02 | 2020-11-02 | Cabot Corporation | Kompozyty elastomerowe zawierające zmodyfikowane wypełniacze i elastomery sfunkcjonalizowane |
US9067448B2 (en) | 2012-05-02 | 2015-06-30 | Eastman Kodak Company | Pre-treatment composition for inkjet printing |
JP2015527440A (ja) | 2012-07-13 | 2015-09-17 | キャボット コーポレイションCabot Corporation | 高構造カーボンブラック |
US20140120339A1 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2014-05-01 | Cabot Corporation | Porous carbon monoliths templated by pickering emulsions |
BR112015021129A2 (pt) | 2013-03-05 | 2017-07-18 | Cabot Corp | dispersões de pigmentos aquosos |
US20140267515A1 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-18 | Cabot Corporation | Aqueous dispersions comprising nanocrystalline cellulose, and compositions for commercial inkjet printing |
US9873807B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2018-01-23 | Cabot Corporation | Core-shell polymeric materials |
US9340689B2 (en) | 2014-03-15 | 2016-05-17 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Water-based ink for ink-jet recording, water-based ink set for ink-jet recording, and treatment agent |
US9206325B2 (en) | 2014-03-15 | 2015-12-08 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Water-based ink for ink-jet recording, water-based ink set for ink-jet recording, and treatment agent |
JP6300084B2 (ja) | 2014-03-31 | 2018-03-28 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | インクジェット記録用水性インク及びインクカートリッジ |
US9523011B2 (en) | 2014-06-23 | 2016-12-20 | Eastman Kodak Company | Recirculating inkjet printing fluid |
US9920209B2 (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2018-03-20 | Cabot Corporation | Aqueous inkjet ink compositions |
EP3294813B1 (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2024-06-12 | Cabot Corporation | Amphoteric polymers and use in inkjet ink compositions |
ES2800060T3 (es) | 2015-05-27 | 2020-12-23 | Hydro Quebec | Procedimiento para la protección de materiales de electrodo contra la humedad |
JP6808410B2 (ja) | 2015-10-20 | 2021-01-06 | キヤノン株式会社 | 水性インク、インクカートリッジ、及びインクジェット記録方法 |
WO2017087635A1 (en) | 2015-11-18 | 2017-05-26 | Cabot Corporation | Inkjet ink compositions |
JP6759074B2 (ja) * | 2015-12-28 | 2020-09-23 | キヤノン株式会社 | インク、インクカートリッジ、及びインクジェット記録方法 |
KR101748872B1 (ko) * | 2016-03-14 | 2017-06-19 | 한남대학교 산학협력단 | 높은 열안정성을 갖는 카본블랙 분산체 및 그 제조방법 |
GB2592298B (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2022-09-28 | Cabot Corp | Polymers for inkjet ink compositions |
WO2018140367A1 (en) | 2017-01-27 | 2018-08-02 | Cabot Corporation | Supercapacitors containing carbon black particles cleaned with an acid |
WO2018204174A1 (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2018-11-08 | Cabot Corporation | Carbon black with an stsa of 80 to 150 m2/g, an oan of at least 180 ml/100g and a coan of at least 110 ml/100g and rubber compounds incorporating same |
JP2020533446A (ja) | 2017-09-07 | 2020-11-19 | キャボット コーポレイションCabot Corporation | インクジェット用インク組成物 |
EP3694935A4 (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2020-09-02 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | FLUID SETS |
JP7344319B2 (ja) | 2019-06-05 | 2023-09-13 | ビヨンド ロータス リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | エラストマー及び充填剤を含有する複合材料の調製方法 |
FR3117120A1 (fr) | 2020-12-09 | 2022-06-10 | Beyond Lotus Llc | Procédés de préparation d’un composite comprenant un caoutchouc jamais séché et une charge |
CN116635454A (zh) | 2020-12-09 | 2023-08-22 | 超越莲花有限责任公司 | 制备具有弹性体和填料的配混物的方法 |
DE112022003602T5 (de) | 2021-07-20 | 2024-05-02 | Beyond Lotus Llc | Gelagerte Elastomer-Verbundstoffe |
Family Cites Families (140)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2121535A (en) * | 1934-09-22 | 1938-06-21 | Cabot Godfrey L Inc | Granular product and method of preparing the same |
US2156591A (en) * | 1936-06-29 | 1939-05-02 | Sealco By Products Company | Manufacture of carburized silica |
US2502254A (en) * | 1945-12-07 | 1950-03-28 | Ici Ltd | Manufacture of pigments |
US2514236A (en) * | 1948-03-12 | 1950-07-04 | Ici Ltd | Manufacture of pigments |
DE957755C (de) * | 1949-06-08 | 1957-01-17 | W. R. Grace a Co., New York, N. Y. (V. St. A.) | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines als Mattierungsmittel für Lacke od. dgl. geeigneten Kieselsäuregels |
US2793100A (en) * | 1952-10-16 | 1957-05-21 | Degussa | Process of modifying carbon black |
US2833736A (en) * | 1953-07-20 | 1958-05-06 | Western Union Telegraph Co | Aqueous graphite-polyvinyl alcohol ink composition |
US3011902A (en) * | 1954-05-27 | 1961-12-05 | Cabot Corp | Process of manufacturing carbon black pellets for inks |
US2867540A (en) * | 1955-12-30 | 1959-01-06 | Monsanto Chemicals | Modified carbon black product and process |
FR1164786A (fr) | 1957-01-16 | 1958-10-14 | Etude Des Ind Du Petrole Au Po | Noir de carbone soluble dans l'eau et sa préparation |
GB862018A (en) | 1957-01-16 | 1961-03-01 | Etude Des Ind Du Petrole Au Po | Water-dispersible carbon black and production thereof |
GB910309A (en) * | 1958-07-22 | 1962-11-14 | Dunlop Rubber Co | Rubber compositions |
US3043708A (en) * | 1958-07-22 | 1962-07-10 | Dunlop Rubber Co | Modified carbon black |
FR1215895A (fr) | 1958-11-21 | 1960-04-21 | Etude Des Ind Du Petrole Au Po | Noir de carbone modifié, sa préparation et ses applications |
FR1224131A (fr) | 1959-01-16 | 1960-06-22 | Etude Des Ind Du Petrole Au Po | Noirs de carbone solubles modifiés, leur préparation et leurs applications |
US3335020A (en) * | 1964-03-02 | 1967-08-08 | Huber Corp J M | Modified carbon blacks |
US3674670A (en) * | 1964-12-04 | 1972-07-04 | Ppg Industries Inc | Coating method |
US3479300A (en) * | 1965-10-22 | 1969-11-18 | Cabot Corp | Carbonaceous products |
GB1191872A (en) * | 1966-08-18 | 1970-05-13 | Japan Gas Chemical Co | Process for Preparing a Carbon Black-Synthetic Resin Composition |
UST860001I4 (en) * | 1966-12-22 | 1969-03-18 | Defensive publication | |
US3528840A (en) * | 1967-11-15 | 1970-09-15 | Huber Corp J M | Sulfonated carbon black |
US3607813A (en) * | 1969-09-05 | 1971-09-21 | Union Carbide Corp | Printing ink compositions |
US3686111A (en) * | 1970-06-22 | 1972-08-22 | Ppg Industries Inc | Non-aqueous polymeric pseudo-dispersion |
US3876603A (en) * | 1970-06-22 | 1975-04-08 | Ppg Industries Inc | Method of encapsulating pigments in organic dispersions of polymers |
US4014844A (en) * | 1970-06-26 | 1977-03-29 | Agence Nationale De Valorisation De La Recherche (Anvar) | Process for grafting polymers on carbon black through free radical mechanism |
US3846141A (en) * | 1970-12-07 | 1974-11-05 | Dick Co Ab | Jet printing ink composition |
GB1506464A (en) * | 1974-05-29 | 1978-04-05 | Degussa | Aqueous carbon black preparation |
US4003751A (en) * | 1974-09-05 | 1977-01-18 | Union Carbide Corporation | Coating and ink compositions |
JPS51137506A (en) * | 1975-05-22 | 1976-11-27 | Konishiroku Photo Ind | Composition of ink for ink jet recording |
US4014833A (en) * | 1975-11-28 | 1977-03-29 | Owens-Illinois, Inc. | Aqueous printing ink with polyethylene oxide |
US4061830A (en) * | 1975-12-23 | 1977-12-06 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Selective solar energy receiver and method for its production |
US4204871A (en) * | 1978-04-04 | 1980-05-27 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Printing inks containing nucleated organic pigments |
US4204876A (en) * | 1978-07-17 | 1980-05-27 | M. Hamburger & Sons, Inc. | Cement coloring composition and method of producing same |
SU834062A1 (ru) * | 1979-10-17 | 1981-05-30 | Киевский Филиал По Специальным Видампечати Всесоюзного Научно-Исследова-Тельского Института Комплексных Проб-Лем Полиграфии | Краска дл глубокой или флексогра-фСКОй пЕчАТи |
JPS5682859A (en) * | 1979-12-11 | 1981-07-06 | Sakura Color Prod Corp | Ink composition |
US4290072A (en) * | 1980-01-28 | 1981-09-15 | American Can Company | Opaque jet ink printing method and composition |
JPS56128362A (en) | 1980-03-05 | 1981-10-07 | Toho Beslon Co | Production of carbon fiber |
US4293394A (en) * | 1980-03-31 | 1981-10-06 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Electrolytically producing chlorine using a solid polymer electrolyte-cathode unit |
DE3115532A1 (de) * | 1980-04-17 | 1982-01-28 | Canon K.K., Tokyo | Tintenstrahl-aufzeichnungsverfahren und aufzeichnungstinte fuer die aufzeichnung auf einem bildempfangsmaterial |
US4478905A (en) * | 1980-04-21 | 1984-10-23 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Spandrel product with silicate coating |
US4476270A (en) * | 1980-06-06 | 1984-10-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for making high solids acrylic dispersion lacquer |
US4328041A (en) * | 1980-06-09 | 1982-05-04 | Milliken Research Corporation | Comminuted inorganic materials |
DE3039527C2 (de) | 1980-10-20 | 1984-02-02 | Chemische Werke Brockhues AG, 6229 Walluf | Färbemittel für zementhaltige Gegenstände |
EP0098338B1 (en) * | 1982-07-09 | 1988-04-20 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Low viscosity stable aqueous dispersion of graft carbon black |
DE3228723A1 (de) * | 1982-07-31 | 1984-02-02 | Basf Farben + Fasern Ag, 2000 Hamburg | Lagerstabile, hitzehaertbare stoffmischungen aus polyisocyanat und mit isocyanatgruppen reaktionsfaehigen verbindungen, verfahren zu deren herstellung und verwendung |
WO1984000770A1 (en) * | 1982-08-09 | 1984-03-01 | Ford Werke Ag | High solids coating compositions |
WO1984000768A1 (en) * | 1982-08-09 | 1984-03-01 | Ford Werke Ag | Glycidyl-hydroxy-acrylic high solids coating compositions |
US4451597A (en) * | 1982-11-15 | 1984-05-29 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | High solids color coat containing alcohol soluble cellulose acetate butyrate |
US4442256A (en) * | 1982-12-16 | 1984-04-10 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Additive for alkyd resin coating compositions |
US4605596A (en) * | 1982-12-20 | 1986-08-12 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Additive for coating compositions |
DE3311513A1 (de) * | 1983-03-30 | 1984-10-04 | Basf Farben + Fasern Ag, 2000 Hamburg | Hitzehaertbare ueberzugsmittel und ihre verwendung |
US4680204A (en) * | 1983-09-06 | 1987-07-14 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Color plus clear coating system utilizing inorganic microparticles |
US4503174A (en) * | 1983-09-06 | 1985-03-05 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Low temperature curing coating composition |
US4525521A (en) * | 1983-10-14 | 1985-06-25 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Coating composition of an acrylic polymer having amino ester groups and a glycidyl acrylic polymer |
US4556427A (en) * | 1983-12-12 | 1985-12-03 | Union Camp Corporation | Use of humates in printing inks |
US4503175A (en) * | 1983-12-19 | 1985-03-05 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Acrylic polyurethane coating composition |
US4555535A (en) * | 1984-03-07 | 1985-11-26 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Acrylic polyurethane coating composition |
US4620994A (en) * | 1984-03-30 | 1986-11-04 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Color plus clear coating system utilizing organo-modified clay |
US4620993A (en) * | 1984-03-30 | 1986-11-04 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Color plus clear coating system utilizing organo-modified clay in combination with organic polymer microparticles |
FR2564489B1 (fr) | 1984-05-18 | 1986-10-10 | Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) | Procede electrochimique de traitement de surface de fibres de carbone, fibre traitee par ce procede et materiau composite comportant de telles fibres |
US4665128A (en) * | 1984-09-17 | 1987-05-12 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Flexible coating compositions |
US4719132A (en) * | 1984-09-21 | 1988-01-12 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Process for the preparation of multi-layered coatings and coated articles derived therefrom |
US4692481A (en) * | 1984-09-27 | 1987-09-08 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for matching color of paint to a colored surface |
US4741780A (en) * | 1985-02-11 | 1988-05-03 | Atkinson George K | Treatment of titanium dioxide and other pigments to improve dispersibility |
US5026755A (en) * | 1985-03-13 | 1991-06-25 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Water-based printing ink prepared from polyamide/acrylic graft copolymers |
US5008335A (en) * | 1985-08-07 | 1991-04-16 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Powder coating compositions of polyepoxides, acrylic copolymers and aliphatic or polyester dibasic acids |
US4681811A (en) * | 1985-08-19 | 1987-07-21 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Color plus clear coatings employing polyepoxides and polyacid curing agents in the clear coat |
US4650718A (en) * | 1985-08-19 | 1987-03-17 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Color plus clear coatings employing polyepoxides and polyacid curing agents |
US4883838A (en) * | 1985-09-30 | 1989-11-28 | Basf Lacke & Farben Ag | Soluble acrylate copolymer containing carboxyl groups, processes for its preparation and coating agents based on the acrylate copolymer |
DE3545618A1 (de) * | 1985-12-21 | 1987-06-25 | Basf Lacke & Farben | Wasserverduennbares ueberzugsmittel zur herstellung der basisschicht eines mehrschichtueberzuges |
US4659770A (en) * | 1986-02-03 | 1987-04-21 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Coating composition of an amine polymer and a blocked polyisocyanate |
US4764430A (en) * | 1986-03-07 | 1988-08-16 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Crosslinkable compositions containing polyepoxides and polyacid curing agents |
US4727100A (en) * | 1986-08-15 | 1988-02-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Coating composition containing a reactive urethane component an acrylic fatty acid drying oil resin and a metallic alkylate |
DE3629470A1 (de) | 1986-08-29 | 1988-03-10 | Basf Lacke & Farben | Carboxylgruppen und tertiaere aminogruppen enthaltendes polykondensations- und/oder additionsprodukt, ueberzugsmittel auf der basis desselben sowie deren verwendung |
US5319044A (en) | 1986-09-10 | 1994-06-07 | Basf Lacke + Farben Ag | Branched polymer containing silyl groups, a process for the preparation thereof, coating agents based on the polymer, and the use thereof |
DE3636726C1 (de) * | 1986-10-29 | 1988-03-17 | Pelikan Ag | Waessrige Schreibfluessigkeiten sowie ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
US4752532A (en) * | 1986-10-31 | 1988-06-21 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Polyester primer composition |
FR2607528B1 (fr) | 1986-12-02 | 1989-03-17 | Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) | Procede electrochimique de traitement de surface de carbone; carbone, notamment fibres de carbone, traite par ce procede et materiau composite comportant de telles fibres |
US4880857A (en) * | 1986-12-17 | 1989-11-14 | Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Carbon black-graft polymer, method for production thereof, and use thereof |
JPH068366B2 (ja) * | 1987-04-23 | 1994-02-02 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | タイヤ用ゴム組成物 |
US4808656A (en) * | 1987-05-04 | 1989-02-28 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | High solids coating compositions |
US4840674A (en) * | 1987-06-01 | 1989-06-20 | Xerox Corporation | Ink compositions |
US4789400A (en) * | 1987-07-10 | 1988-12-06 | Xerox Corporation | Waterfast ink jet compositions and process |
US4927868A (en) * | 1987-08-19 | 1990-05-22 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | High solids coating compositions containing a polyepoxide and a copolymer of an alpha-olefin and an olefinically unsaturated monoanhydride |
US4798746A (en) * | 1987-08-24 | 1989-01-17 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Basecoat/clearcoat method of coating utilizing an anhydride additive in the thermoplastic polymer-containing basecoat for improved repairability |
US4798745A (en) * | 1987-08-24 | 1989-01-17 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Non-yellowing coating composition based on a hydroxy component and an anhydride component and utilization in a process of coating |
US4853037A (en) * | 1987-10-30 | 1989-08-01 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Low glycol inks for plain paper printing |
ZA891937B (en) * | 1988-04-04 | 1990-11-28 | Ppg Industries Inc | Pigment grinding vehicles containing quaternary ammonium and ternary sulfonium groups |
US4908397A (en) * | 1988-06-27 | 1990-03-13 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Multi-component coating composition comprising an anhydride containing polymer, a glycidyl component and a self-stabilized dispersion resin |
US5017435A (en) * | 1988-06-27 | 1991-05-21 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Multi-component coating composition comprising an anhydride containing polymer, a glycidyl component and a monomeric or oligomeric anhydride component |
US5093391A (en) * | 1988-06-27 | 1992-03-03 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Multi-component coating composition comprising an anhydride containing polymer, a glycidyl component and an acid functional component |
US4975474A (en) * | 1988-06-27 | 1990-12-04 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Multi-component coating composition comprising an anhydride containing polymer, a glycidyl component and a self-stabilized dispersion resin |
DE3834738A1 (de) | 1988-10-12 | 1990-04-19 | Basf Lacke & Farben | Verfahren zur herstellung eines mehrschichtigen ueberzuges, waessrige beschichtungszusammensetzungen, wasserverduennbare polyacrylatharze und verfahren zur herstellung von wasserverduennbaren polyacrylatharzen |
DE69008705T2 (de) | 1989-01-07 | 1994-11-24 | Canon Kk | Aufzeichnungsflüssigkeit und Verfahren zur Tintenstrahl-Aufzeichnung mit dieser Flüssigkeit. |
US5204404A (en) | 1989-03-21 | 1993-04-20 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Waterbased acrylic silane and polyurethane containing coating composition |
US5066733A (en) * | 1989-04-03 | 1991-11-19 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Chip resistant coatings and methods of application |
US5242751A (en) | 1989-04-27 | 1993-09-07 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Paint composites |
EP0410152B1 (en) * | 1989-07-24 | 1994-02-23 | Sumitomo Chemical Company Limited | Rubber composition having excellent dynamic properties |
DE3924618A1 (de) | 1989-07-26 | 1991-01-31 | Basf Lacke & Farben | Ueberzugsmittel auf der basis von carboxylgruppenhaltigen polymeren und epoxidgruppenhaltigen vernetzern, verfahren zur herstellung des ueberzugsmittels sowie seine verwendung |
US5051464A (en) * | 1989-09-01 | 1991-09-24 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Waterborne acrylourethane pigment dispersant polymer |
US5168106A (en) * | 1989-09-14 | 1992-12-01 | Cabot Corporation | Carbon blacks |
JP2889326B2 (ja) * | 1989-09-14 | 1999-05-10 | 昭和キャボット株式会社 | カーボンブラック及びゴム組成物 |
US5064719A (en) * | 1989-09-26 | 1991-11-12 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Coating composition of acrylic polymers containing reactive groups and an epoxy organosilane |
US5184148A (en) * | 1989-10-19 | 1993-02-02 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink jet recording having an ink with carbon black |
DE59009466D1 (de) * | 1989-10-26 | 1995-09-07 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Wässerige Drucktinten für den Tintenstrahldruck. |
US5076843A (en) * | 1989-10-27 | 1991-12-31 | Lexmark, International, Inc. | Nonaqueous thermaljet ink compositions |
US5266406A (en) | 1989-11-08 | 1993-11-30 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Waterbased methylol (meth)acrylamide acrylic polymer and an acrylic hydrosol coating composition |
US5190582A (en) * | 1989-11-21 | 1993-03-02 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Ink for ink-jet printing |
DE59004417D1 (de) * | 1989-12-11 | 1994-03-10 | Ciba Geigy | Verfahren zum Färben von Leder. |
US5122552A (en) * | 1989-12-12 | 1992-06-16 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Coating composition of polyesterurethane and multifunctional epoxy compound |
JP2664287B2 (ja) | 1990-01-08 | 1997-10-15 | キャボット コーポレイション | 優れたトレッド摩耗/ヒステリシス性能を付与するカーボンブラック及びカーボンブラックの製造方法 |
US5200164A (en) * | 1990-04-04 | 1993-04-06 | Cabot Corporation | Easily dispersible carbon blacks |
US5182355A (en) * | 1990-04-05 | 1993-01-26 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Polyurethane polyanhydride oligomers and method of preparation |
DE4021126C2 (de) | 1990-07-03 | 1998-01-29 | Basf Lacke & Farben | Lacke und Verwendung der Lacke zur Lackierung von Automobilkarosserien |
DE4023537A1 (de) * | 1990-07-25 | 1992-01-30 | Degussa | Mit organosiliciumverbindungen chemisch modifizierte russe, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung |
US5281261A (en) | 1990-08-31 | 1994-01-25 | Xerox Corporation | Ink compositions containing modified pigment particles |
US5100470A (en) * | 1990-10-25 | 1992-03-31 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Waterfast ink formulations for thermal ink-jet using organic amines |
DE4038000A1 (de) * | 1990-11-29 | 1992-06-04 | Bayer Ag | Kautschukvulkanisate mit verbessertem hysterese-verhalten |
US5314945A (en) | 1990-12-03 | 1994-05-24 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Waterbased coating compositions of methylol(meth)acrylamide acrylic polymer, polyurethane and melamine crosslinking agent |
US5290848A (en) | 1990-12-18 | 1994-03-01 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Coating composition of a glycidyl acrylic polymer, an aminoester acrylic polymer and a polyester or a polyesterurethane |
US5221581A (en) | 1990-12-18 | 1993-06-22 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Coating composition of a glycidyl acrylic polymer, an aminoester acrylic polymer and a polyester or a polyesterurethane |
FR2672307B1 (fr) * | 1991-02-01 | 1993-06-04 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Procede de modification de la surface de materiaux carbones par reduction electrochimique de sels de diazonium, notamment de fibres de carbone pour materiaux composites, materiaux carbones ainsi modifies. |
US5206295A (en) | 1991-02-25 | 1993-04-27 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Coating composition comprising an anhydride-containing polymer and a structured epoxy-containing polymer |
US5286286A (en) | 1991-05-16 | 1994-02-15 | Xerox Corporation | Colorless fast-drying ink compositions for printing concealed images detectable by fluorescence |
US5141556A (en) * | 1991-06-13 | 1992-08-25 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Penetrants for aqueous ink jet inks |
US5114477A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1992-05-19 | Xerox Corporation | Liquid ink compositions |
US5314953A (en) | 1991-10-21 | 1994-05-24 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Clear coating composition for clear coat/color coat finish |
US5229452A (en) | 1991-11-13 | 1993-07-20 | Cabot Corporation | Carbon blacks |
US5236992A (en) | 1991-11-18 | 1993-08-17 | Cabot Corporation | Carbon blacks and their use in rubber applications |
US5173111A (en) * | 1991-11-18 | 1992-12-22 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Abrasion resistant printing inks |
US5232974A (en) | 1991-11-25 | 1993-08-03 | Cabot Corporation | Low rolling resistance/high treadwear resistance carbon blacks |
US5310778A (en) | 1992-08-25 | 1994-05-10 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for preparing ink jet inks having improved properties |
US5356973A (en) | 1992-08-31 | 1994-10-18 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Aqueous based coating compositions having improved metallic pigment orientation |
US5334650A (en) | 1992-09-29 | 1994-08-02 | Basf Corporation | Polyurethane coating composition derived from long-chain aliphatic polyol |
US5324790A (en) | 1992-09-29 | 1994-06-28 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Esterification of carboxylate containing polymers |
US5272189A (en) | 1992-10-19 | 1993-12-21 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Reduced yellowing electrodepositable coating composition |
US5352289A (en) | 1992-12-18 | 1994-10-04 | Cabot Corporation | Low ash carbon blacks |
US5302197A (en) | 1992-12-30 | 1994-04-12 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Ink jet inks |
US5401313A (en) | 1993-02-10 | 1995-03-28 | Harcros Pigments, Inc. | Surface modified particles and method of making the same |
US5366828A (en) | 1993-11-08 | 1994-11-22 | Struthers Ralph C | Metal alloy laded carbon aerogel hydrogen hydride battery |
-
1995
- 1995-12-13 IL IL11637995A patent/IL116379A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-14 JP JP51930596A patent/JP3588123B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-14 EP EP04018975A patent/EP1475420A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-12-14 CO CO95059226D patent/CO4560479A1/es unknown
- 1995-12-14 TR TR95/01579A patent/TR199501579A2/xx unknown
- 1995-12-14 WO PCT/US1995/016453 patent/WO1996018696A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-12-14 CN CN95197590A patent/CN1080748C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-14 AU AU44720/96A patent/AU706229B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-12-14 BR BR9510016A patent/BR9510016A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-14 MX MX9704384A patent/MX198172B/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-14 DE DE69534009T patent/DE69534009T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-14 PL PL95320731A patent/PL182912B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-14 UA UA97063200A patent/UA43384C2/uk unknown
- 1995-12-14 KR KR1019970704009A patent/KR100414313B1/ko active
- 1995-12-14 NZ NZ298988A patent/NZ298988A/en unknown
- 1995-12-14 CO CO95059226A patent/CO4480703A1/es unknown
- 1995-12-14 SI SI9520129A patent/SI9520129A/sl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-14 EG EG291095A patent/EG21734A/xx active
- 1995-12-14 AR AR33462195A patent/AR000510A1/es unknown
- 1995-12-14 CA CA002207455A patent/CA2207455C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-14 EP EP95943460A patent/EP0797637B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-14 US US08/572,542 patent/US5672198A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-14 RU RU97111809A patent/RU2173326C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-14 CZ CZ0184197A patent/CZ297334B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-14 AT AT95943460T patent/ATE288946T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-14 YU YU76995A patent/YU49177B/sh unknown
- 1995-12-14 RU RU97112163/04A patent/RU2157394C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-12-14 MY MYPI95003862A patent/MY114908A/en unknown
- 1995-12-14 RO RO97-01083A patent/RO120143B1/ro unknown
- 1995-12-14 TW TW84113320A patent/TW354804B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1997
- 1997-06-13 MX MXPA01005958 patent/MX238319B/es unknown
- 1997-06-13 NO NO19972737A patent/NO319259B1/no unknown
- 1997-06-14 KR KR19977004008A patent/KR987000379A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1997-06-14 KR KR19970704008A patent/KR100382527B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-04-01 HK HK98102767A patent/HK1003649A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
SI9520129A (sl) | Vodna črnila in prevleke, ki vsebujejo modificirane ogljikove produkte | |
MXPA97004384A (es) | Tintas acuosas y recubrimientos que contienen productos de carbon modificado | |
KR100546523B1 (ko) | 이탈기를 지닌, 잉크 및 코팅제용의 개질된 탄소 생성물 | |
EP0910611B1 (en) | Modified carbon products for inks and coatings | |
EP0904327B1 (en) | Modified colored pigments and ink jet inks containing them | |
HUT77797A (hu) | Módosított szénterméket tartalmazó vizes tinta és bevonószer | |
KR100463353B1 (ko) | 잉크및코팅제용개질탄소생성물 | |
JP4001922B6 (ja) | インク及びコーティング用の変性炭素製品 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
IF | Valid on the event date | ||
KO00 | Lapse of patent |
Effective date: 20070226 |