PT92802A - Processo para a preparacao de lubrificantes para compressores de refrigeracao contendo um polieter-poliol - Google Patents

Processo para a preparacao de lubrificantes para compressores de refrigeracao contendo um polieter-poliol Download PDF

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Publication number
PT92802A
PT92802A PT92802A PT9280290A PT92802A PT 92802 A PT92802 A PT 92802A PT 92802 A PT92802 A PT 92802A PT 9280290 A PT9280290 A PT 9280290A PT 92802 A PT92802 A PT 92802A
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Portugal
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weight
percent
composition
polyether polyol
chloro
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PT92802A
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English (en)
Inventor
Philip W Mcgraw
Eldon L Ward
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Dow Chemical Co
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Publication of PT92802A publication Critical patent/PT92802A/pt

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    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
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    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
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    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
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    • C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
    • C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
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    • C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
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    • C10M131/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing halogen
    • C10M131/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing halogen containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
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    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
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    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
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Description

Este invento diz respeito a uma mistura da gliçais a esteres uteis para alubrificaçao de bambas de calor ou térmicas e compressores de ae condicionado» 0 refrigerante RI2 ítíiclorodifluorometano)? ê usado em condicionadores de ar para automóveis s muitos outros tipos de compressores de refrigeração e ar condicionado» E'um ciorofiuoro-carbono que foi identificado como depletante do ozono atmosférico» Os Acordos de Montreal restringem a produção de Ri2 em 199#. O refrigerante Ri34a { i , 1 s 192-tetrafluoroetano) tem uma tensão de vapor que é muito análoga ao R12 e tem a vantagem de não dspletar a camada de ozono atmosférica» 0 R134a pode substituir o E:l2 na maioria dos sistemas de refrigeração sem ser necessário voltar a projectar o equipamento actusl» Pode ser usado sis condicionadores de ar dos automóveis sem ser preciso qualquer readaptação pelas companhias fabricantes de automóveis» 0 problema principal para o uso de RI34a à que os lubrificantes convencionais tal como óleos naftenicos minerais não slo solúveis ao longo de uma gama de temperaturas de -20° a 80°CS que são as temperaturas de operação encontradas nas diferentes aplicações de refrigeração. Alguns coligiicois slo solúveis em Ri34a a 25*C s menos mas as suas fases separam-se abaixo de ó#°C. A separação de fases do lubrificante e do refrigerante pode ocasionar uma pobre lubrificação do compressor o que aumenta o desgaste e diminui a vida do compressor» E* bem conhecido na industria de refrigeração que a concentração da lubrificante no refrigerante está limitada a uma gama de 1Φ a 2Φ por cento devido a considerações termodinâmicas» A utilidade deste invento é de que permite aos fabricantes de compressores substituir o RI34a e outros hidrofluorocarbonetos ou hidroclorofluorocarbonetos por c iorof luorocarbonetos tal como R12 na maioria dos compressores sem modificações mecanicas dos compressores existentes e serem capazes as cpsrar ao longo de uma ampla gama de temperaturas«
Os fundamentos da lubrificação em aparelhos de ar condicionado são apresentados por H» H„ Kruse et sL in "Fundamentais crf Lubrication in Rsfrigeration Systems and Heat Pumps” pagas 763-783p ASHRAE Transactions vai 9Θ part ΞΒ (1984),=
Os lubrificantes para os váric?s aparelhos de ar condi cionado são conhecidos das Patentes U„ S„ 4=302*343 e 4,,75:1 *012,,
Estas patentes mostram que varias misturas de esteres e polistsr poliois íasem um lubrificante de longa duração,, Mo entanto* estas misturas ou tem uma viscosidade total inferior a 75 centistokes -4 2 \ /5 x 10 ís^/sS a 38°C ou são misciveis ás temperaturas elevadas usadas na refrigeraçlo» A Patente U = S= 4,,755 = 316 divulga composições contendo um ou mais polistsr poliois para a lubrificação de compressores de refrigeração usando R134a„ No entanto,, as composições da patente '316 qus apresentam viscosidade adequada a altas temperaturas no compressor não são misciveis a mesma alta temperatura= Pelo contrario* as composições da patente '316 que apresentam ffliscibilidade a baixas temperaturas são de uma viscosidade muito baixa para a lubrificação adequada» 0 invento compreende uma composição lubrificante miscivsi em fluidos criogénicos ou rsfrigsrantss hidrofluorocar-fcono e hidroclorocarbono na gama de -28° a mais do que és5°C e ao mesma ienspa tendo uma viscosidade total maior que 75 centistokes í/0 H 10 w m"/s> a 38°C í l®0°b > „ Ein geral as composições compre— snaeni s íft) de 95 a o por cento de um polistsr poliol o qual tem a formula Z-l CCa,~CHCR, )-O-) ~(CH„-CH<CrU)-O-) ~R03.. 2. l Π U o Jil μ onde Z é o residuo de um composto tendo de i a 8 hidrogénios activos„ R, é hidrogénioetilo* ou suas iBisturss^ n é Θ ou um numero positivo,f m é um numsro positiva? n-f-m é um numero tendo um valor que originará um polieter poliol com um peso molecular médio de 4ΘΘ a 5ΘΘ0 , R„ é hidrogénio ou um grupo alquilo de 1 a a átomos de c: ar bano 5 p è um inteiro tendo um valor igual ao numero de hidrogénios activos da Z? (B) ds 5 a 95 por cento de um ester seleccicnado entra (1) esteres fabricados a partir ds álcoois palihidricos com ácidos alcanoicpss s í2> esteres fabricados a partir ds ácidos
V alcanodioicos com alcanois»
Os esteres neutros usados nesta invento são bem conhecidos s/du disponíveis= Exemplos ds esteres apropriados s&o as esteres as álcoois dihidricos» álcoois trihidricos5 s .álcoois tetrahidricos tendo 4 a 18 carbonos tal como glicerina.: etileno glicol p propilsno glicol pentaeritritol g dípsntaeritritol,. tripentaeritritol, trimetilolpropanos trinsetilolhutano.,· s trime-tilolstano com ácidos alcanoicos ds 4 a S átomos ds carbono.. Estes são ilustrados por diestereaio ds etileno glicol5 propileno glicol diperlarganatoj trioleato de glicerina? triheptanoato ds trimsfcilolpropanoj e tetraheptanoato de pentaeritritol„
Também utsis são os ssterss ds álcoois sonohidricos tendo de 4 a 8 átomos de carbono com ácidos alcanodioicos tendo ds 4 a 8 carbonos tal como ácido succinico» adipioos subarica5 tetradecano-l314-dioicos e ácido hexadecsno-l516-dioico=,
Exemplos dos polistsr poliois ou polioxialguileno poliois usados neste invento slo os derivados de óxido de atile-no, óxido ds propilsnoç I»2» ou 2-3 óxido ds butilsno.. Os óxidos anteriores podem ser polimeritados sozinhos5 i„e=s homopolimeri-Eadss ou em combinação» Os óxidos combinados podem também ser combinados em adição aleatória ou em bloco» Embora alguns dos compostos anteriores possam ser ds natureza hidrofiiicâs preferem-se os ds natureza hitirofofaica·, tal como os derivados de óxido ds propileno,. óxidos de butileno ou suas combinaçSss»
Exemplos de glicois polioxislqaileno tamponados apropriados são os derivados de óxidos de stileno? propileno» e butileno em que os óxidos de alquilsno são iniciados a partir de um composto tendo de i a 8 hidrogénios aotivos numa maneira conhecida» Os grupos hidrófila terminais podem reagir ainda com haleias de alquilo para formar glicois polioKialquileno alquil tamponados« Estes polistar poliois e sua preparação sSo bem conhecidos do livro uPolyurethanesi5 by Baundsrs and Frisch, Intsrscisncs rublishers (1962)= pages 33-39= EKsmplos de empastas iniciadores apropriados que sMd empregados para preparar os poliste- poliois anteriores ssa compostos isndo de 1 a 8 hidrogénios activos tal como, por sKsmpla, égua3 metanol» etanol, propsnol= butanal? etilena glxcol, propileno glicol3 butileno gíiccl» 1,ώ-ηοκΰηο dial 5 glicerina, trimetilalpropano» pentaeritritol5 poliaminas, sorbi-tol, suerose s suas misturas»
Outras compostos iniciadores que slo uteis incluem fanais monohidricos e fenois dihidricos e seus derivados alquilados tal como fenol, o5 >ns a p cresci» guaiacaL saligsnina» carvacrol, iimol? o e p-difenil hidroKi, catechol? resorcinol5 hidraquinona? pirogalhal s floroglucinal=
Outros compostas iniciadores qus sSo uteis incluem amónia, etilena dlaminas aminoetiletanolamina» N-aminoeti1pipera-:;ins=, dietilenetriamina e trieiiiene tetramina*
Os polietsr poliois seguintes devem ter um numero de peso molecular médio de 40® a 5®®® e de preferencia na gama de 5®0 a Í50ô=
Gs polietsr poliois seguintes são misturados para obtermos uma composicio base lubrificante contendo de S a 93 porcento em peso dos esteres s de 95 a 5 por cento em peso dos poliois com as gamas de 7® a 9Θ por cento em peso s sendo 3® a 1® esteres as gamas preferidas, respectivamente=
Os poliste?- poliois preferidos sSo baseados no iniciador seleccionado entre glicerina ou etileno diamina e o ester preferido à um tetraester pentaeritritnl de uma mistura de ácidos alcanoicos tendo 7 a 9 carbonos»
As composições lubrificantes finais desta invento podem conter quantidades efectivas de aditivos sem cinzas» tal como antioxidantssj inibidores de corrosãoP desactivadores metálicos? aditivos de lubrificidade» melhoradores de indice de viscosidade s aditivos de extrema pressão conforme for necessário»
Exemplos de antioxidantes sem cinzas uteis que podem ser usados sSo fenil naftilaminass i = e» = ambas as alfa s beta---naftil aminass difenil aminas iminodibenzil § p5ρ-dibuti 1-difs-riilaminap e suas misturas» Outros antioxidantes ap?-opriados sSo fenois camuflados tal como* por exempla? é-t-butilfenol? 25é-di--t--buti 1 fenol e 4-metil-236-di“t-butilfenQl =
Exemplos de inibidores de corrosão metálicos sem cinzas apropriados sSo comercialmente disponíveis tal como N-oleoilsar-cosina e Irgalube 349 da Ciba-Geigy o qual é um sal de amina alifatica de ester monohsxil de ácido fosfórico» Outros inibido-ras de corrosão metálicos uteis são WA-BUL DTA e NA-BUL EDS da Whits Chemical Campanv (sulfonata dinaniinaftaleno de distilsne-triamina s sulfonato tíinonilnaftaleno de etilsno dlamina)» respectivamente,
Exemplos de desac tivadores metálicos cuprosos sem cinzas apropriadas sSo imidazol? benzimldazol,, pirazol, benzo™ triazol * tolutriazol,, 2-metil benzimidazol» 3,5-dimetil pirazol» s meti leno bis-berszotriazol»
Ums. quantidade efectiva dos aditivos anteriores para uso num compressor de refrigeração está em geral na gama de Θ*1 a 5;!0 por cento em peso para os antioxsoantes* de Θ*1 a 5*θ porcento siú peso para os inibidores de corrosão* e de Φ?©01 a ©*5 por cento em peso para os dessetivadores metálicos, As percentagens em peso anteriores são baseadas no peso total dos políetsr poliois e dos esteres. Deve subentender—se que podemos usar mais ou menos dos aditivos dependendo da circunstancia para a qual a composição final deve ser usada,
Exemplos de refrigerantes atais neste invento são hitíroclorofluorocarbanos tal como clorodif 1'uorometano* elorofluo--· rometano* 252-dicloro—1 * 1*1-trif luoroetano* 1—cloro-i g2*2*2--ts— traf luoroetano* 2-cloro-i * 1 *2=2~tstraf luoroetano* 1 -clQra-2,,2*2--trifluorostano* 1,1-dicloro-l-fluoroetano s 2-ο1θΓθ“2,2-·αϊΐ1αο··~ roetano.
Exemplos de hidrofluarocarbonos uteis neste invento são 1 * i * i,2-tetraf luoroetano, 1 * 1* 2*2-tetrafluoroetano* i * i * i-tri-fluoroetano* 2*2—difluoroetano* trifluoroetano* fluoreto de metileno* fluoreto da mstilo* difluoroetileno e penfcaíluoroetano, vários exemplos do presente invento com o refrigerante R!.34a < 1,131 :,2-tetrafluoroetano) são dados na Tabela II, varias sxpsriencias de controlo com o refrigerante Ri34a (l* 1 * 1*2—te— trafluoroetano são dados na Tabela I, A Tabela III ilustra o invento com outros refriqerantes tal como R:i41b5 R22* e Ri 23, 0 processo qsral para a preparação dos controlos e das exemplos foi. como se segue, 0 paliai e ester seleecionsdo foram misturados a vaporizados em vácuo, As ampolas de vidro foram lavadas com acetona e secas em vácuo a í i®°C. A ampola ou tubo vazio foi pesado e a mistura a ser avaliada foi seringada para o
interior do tubo = 0 tubo foi de novo pesado para determinar o pesa de lubrificante» 0 tubo foi evacuado para remover o ar s a seguir imerso numa papa de gelo ssca/clorsto de aetileno num frasco os Ds-Har* 0 R134a foi transferido a uma pressão de 8 psig <56 SiPa manoroétricas> para o tubo para obtermos a concentração desejada de luforificante* A ampola cheia foi a seguir interrompida e deixada equilibrar à temperatura ambienta,, 25°C = As ampolas foram colocadas num banho de temperatura controlada e a temperatura variou entre -2© a 85°C enquanto observamos para a separação de fase» A temperatura da separação de fase chama-se a temperatura da solução critica superior (USCT) a é assinalada em graus C = As temperaturas acima de 85°C nao foram investigadas devido às limitações de pressão do aparelho ampola de vidro,. Os sistemas com USCT's acima desta medida limite de temperatura são designadas como maiores que 85°C =
\ LMbf3l3-J^L.Mâm_de..Teiaperatura_da... _So 1 ucjo _ Cr i, 11c a^uperigjr...........do RI 34a
Expsrisn-ÇÃãJiJuíBerç
Controla A
Controlo B
Controlo C
Liibrif ican te/Viscosidade 5 CS © 1Θ0 °F íra“Vs ___________Í_3ifCI
Lubrifi-csn te % em pesa em Ri34a USCT__r£ 100 Mobil P51 CTstrassisr pen taeri-tritol da uma mistura de ácidos alcanoicos tendo 7-9 átomos de cabono) 25 (25 x 10~6> 100 Mobil P41 (Triheptanoato de tri-me t i 1 o 1 p r o pano/ 15 (15 x i0‘"'ò> Í00 Emery 2914---0 (Dimetil assisto) 3 (3 κ Í0‘"fo) 80
Controlo D im L--1150 16 60 (n-butanol PO a 1150 Peso Molecular) 57 <57 κ 10"=) Controlo E 1ΘΘ P-1000 25 7Θ (Propileno glicol *· PO a 10©0 Peso Molecular) 73 (73 κ 10'·'=) Controlo F 100 P-2000 12 <25 (Propileno glicol *· PO a 2000 Peso Molecular) 160 (16 x 10"5) Controlo B 70/30 P2000/P42S (n-buta- 15 45 nol -f PO a 425 Peso nol = ) 95 (95 κ I0"6) Controlo H 7Θ/30 L-2000/Emsry 29Í4D 11 >70 20 (2 ;< i<Ta> Controlo I 70/30 P“2000/nobil PS1 13 <35 87 (87 κ 10"=) Controlo d 30/7© Ρ-2000/Mobil P41 2Θ . 8© 4Θ (4© x 10'"5) A Tabela ϊ mostra que os estares s os poliois par eles próprios nSo tem ambas as necessárias viscosidade ou USCTB Os controlos H? I e J mostram que certas misturas poliol/ester não tem a viscosidade necessária para serem efectivas==
Tabela 11« Dados ds temperatura da Salúcio Critica Sapsrio l UMã. Lubrificante/Viscosidade* cs © Lubrifi-canis Ex psrisn·-- 100 *F % em peso USCT C.i*.....Musnaro ím^/s S 38°C) em R134a \ C?«". .* =..-1 90/10 CP70© (glicerina ·*- PO a 700 peso molec* 89 (89 x 10“6> W Ϊ ElíCCíi-*·π 1 r*í *!? 90/ í© CP700/Mobil P51 89 (89 x 10”to) ·: --n Exemplo 3 9Θ/10 CP700/Mobil P51 89 (Θ9 x i0~ò> ·} ·? 3Θ Exemplo 4 90/10 CP700/Mobil P51 89 <89 x 10~fc) 8Θ Exemplo 5 75/25 EDA511 íetileno diamina -s- PO a 511 peso >R0 mo 1 bc o ) /rlobi I r41 2Θ3 (2Θ3 x 10-6)
E*@mpla ò 75/25 EDftSíx Mobil P41 203 (203 ;··: 10“°) 75/25 EDA511 Mobil P41 2Θ3 (203 κ 1θ“°> 75/25 EDfioli Mobil P41 245 (245 κ 1©“*>
Exemplo 9 75/25 EDfíSii Mobil P4i 245 (245 κ 10“°} Eífeoplo 10 75/25 EDA5I1 Mobil P41 245 (245 κ 10“ò) Εκοορίο il 70/3® CPI406Cqlicerina t PQ a Í40ò psso moleCn) Mobil P51 78 (78 κ 10“Ò) 18
Tabela II1= Dados de temperatura da Solução Critica Superior Lubrificante/Vis- Lubrifi- cosidatíe, cs @ cante Exparlanei a Numard í 00 °F % em peso no <wl/s i......38°C). Reíriqarante USCT *C Exemple? 12 com E :l 4 i b 75/25 EDA511/Mobil P51 22 2Θ3 (203 x 10"&) >65 Exempla 13 com F?22 75/25 EDA511/Mobil P51 18 245 <245 x 10~6} >foo Exemplo 14 com Ei23 75/25 EDA511 Mobil P4I 1B 245 (245 x 10'“ò) >á;S

Claims (2)

  1. RE ΙνϊηΙΡΪ CACEIES s lã» - Processo para a preparação de uma composição lubrificante miseivel em refrigsrantss de hidrofluorocarboneto s hidroclorocarboneto na gama de -2&° a mais do que à5°C s tendo _ _ _ -A '7 uma viscosidade maior que 7o centxstoKes i/ο x 10 ~ m""/s) a dtrdJy caracterisado por compreender a mistura dos CA) desde 95 até 5 por cento de um poliéter-poliol α qual tem a formula Z-C<CH^-CH<Rt)-0-)CCH2-CH(CH^)~0~)^-R^3n onde 2 ê o resíduo de um composto tendo ds 1 a B hidrogénios activos3 R1 é hidragéniop eti!o? ou suas misturas, n é 0 ou um número positivo* m á um número positivo,, n+m é um número tendo um valor que originará um poliá-ter—poliol com um peso molecular médio de 4ΘΘ a 5ΦΘΦη R-j é hidrogénio ou um grupo alquilo ds 1 a é átomos ds carbono 5 p é um inteiro tendo um valor igual ao número de hidrogénios activos de Z5 <B> de 5 a VD por cento de um éster seiecclanada de entre Cl) esteres fabricados a partir de álcoois poli-—hidricos com ácidos alcanóicos5 a (2) ésteres fabricados a partir de ácidos alcano-diéicQS com alcanéis, 2§» Processo para a preparação de uma composição lubrificante miscivel sís refrigerantes da hidrofluorocarbonato s hidroclorocarboneto na gama tíe -2©° a mais tio que 65*C s tsntio uma viscosidade maior que /o centxstakes <75 κ I© iif"/s> a 3S°Cj caracterisado por comprsnder a mistura das <A) desde 95 a 5 por cento de um poliéter--poliol o qual tem a fórmula I é a resíduo de um composto tendo de i a 8 hidrogénios activosj n é um número tendo um valor médio que originará um paiiétsr-poliol com um peso molecular média que varia tíe 4©© a 5©0©5 R é hidrogénio ou um grupo alquilo de í a 6 átomos de carbono. ρ é ura inteiro tendo um valor igual ao número de hidrogénios activos ds Zs U:í> desde 5 até 90 por cento de um ástsr saisccionaciD de entre 1) ésteres fabricados a partir de álcoois poli-hi-dricos com ácidos alcanóicos3 e (2) èstsras fabricados a partir de ácidos alcano— dióleos com alcanóis. 3ã. - Processo ds acordo com a Reivindicação 2? carac- fcerieatío por o poliéter-poliol ser baseado num resíduo seleccio..... nado ds entre glicerina e etilenodiamxna e o ástsr ser um tetra--éster de pentasriiritol de uma mistura de ácidos alcanáicos tendo ds 7 a 9 carbonos. 4ã.. · Processo para a preparação de uma composição fluida para uso sm refrigerantes ds compressão, caracterieado por se incluir na referida composição? (A) ura refrigerante seleccionado ds entre hidroclaro-fluorocarbonetos e hidrofΪuorocarbonstos, e CB> uma composição lubrificante obtida ds acordo com a Reivindicação 1 ou Reivindicação 2. 5ã<·. - Processo da acordo com a Reivindicação 4. carac-terizada por a referida composição fluida conter uma concentração de i a 34 por cento era peso de composição lubrificante.
  2. 61. - Processo de acordo com a Reivindicação 4, carsc-terizado por os referidos hidroclorof Xuorocarbonetos sers® seleccionados de entre clorodifluorometano5 ciorofluorocnetano, 2,2.....dicloro-ls1„1-trifluoroeiano, i-cloro-i?2,2„2-tstraflucrost α πό. 2—cloro-1,1,2,2-teirafluarosisno, 1—clora-2,2,2—hrifluoroata-no? i 3 i-dicloro-X-fluoroeiano e 2-c 1 oro~22-dif 1 uoroetano e por os referidos hid raf luorocarbonetos serem seleccionados de entra 1,1,15 2™ te t raf 1 uoroe tano 5 1,1 ,2,2-tetraf 1 uoroe tano, i ? 1 5 f 1 uoroe tano 5 2.2-dif luoroeiano, trif 1 uoroe tano., fluoreto de metileno3 fluoreto de metilo, difluoroetilsno e pen taf1uoroetano * 71« ~ Processo de acordo com a Reivindicação 4, carac-terizado por o referido hid rof1uoroe arboneto ser 1,1,1,2-tetra- f1uoroetano= 81« - Processo de acordo com a Reivindicação 4, carácter izado por o referido poliéter—poliol ser baseado num resíduo seleccionado entre glicerina e etilenodiamina e 'o éster ser um tetra-éster de pentaeritrito1 de uma mistura de ácidos alcanóicos tendo 7 a 9 carbonos. Lisboa, tí de Janeiro de 19tí9
    «ÍUA ViCTGR CGRDSW, 10-A, 1/ 12Q0 LISBOA
PT92802A 1989-01-10 1990-01-08 Processo para a preparacao de lubrificantes para compressores de refrigeracao contendo um polieter-poliol PT92802A (pt)

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ATE109500T1 (de) 1994-08-15
EP0378176B1 (en) 1994-08-03
KR900011884A (ko) 1990-08-02
MY105235A (en) 1994-08-30
CA2007374C (en) 2000-10-10
BR9000106A (pt) 1990-10-16
AU4782590A (en) 1990-07-19
JPH02276894A (ja) 1990-11-13
US4851144A (en) 1989-07-25
ES2057188T3 (es) 1994-10-16
ZA90175B (en) 1991-09-25
CN1044492A (zh) 1990-08-08
CA2007374A1 (en) 1990-07-10
DE69011135D1 (de) 1994-09-08
KR0157627B1 (ko) 1999-02-18
EP0378176A1 (en) 1990-07-18
NO900089L (no) 1990-07-11
DE69011135T2 (de) 1994-12-01
DK0378176T3 (da) 1994-08-29
NO900089D0 (no) 1990-01-09
AU630401B2 (en) 1992-10-29

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