KR970067544A - 질화 규소 회로 기판 및 그 제조 방법 - Google Patents
질화 규소 회로 기판 및 그 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR970067544A KR970067544A KR1019970010909A KR19970010909A KR970067544A KR 970067544 A KR970067544 A KR 970067544A KR 1019970010909 A KR1019970010909 A KR 1019970010909A KR 19970010909 A KR19970010909 A KR 19970010909A KR 970067544 A KR970067544 A KR 970067544A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- silicon nitride
- oxide layer
- circuit board
- substrate
- aluminum oxide
- Prior art date
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- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract 15
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/38—Improvement of the adhesion between the insulating substrate and the metal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
- C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
- C04B37/021—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles in a direct manner, e.g. direct copper bonding [DCB]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
- C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
- C04B37/023—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used
- C04B37/025—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used consisting of glass or ceramic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/12—Mountings, e.g. non-detachable insulating substrates
- H01L23/14—Mountings, e.g. non-detachable insulating substrates characterised by the material or its electrical properties
- H01L23/15—Ceramic or glass substrates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/36—Selection of materials, or shaping, to facilitate cooling or heating, e.g. heatsinks
- H01L23/373—Cooling facilitated by selection of materials for the device or materials for thermal expansion adaptation, e.g. carbon
- H01L23/3735—Laminates or multilayers, e.g. direct bond copper ceramic substrates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
- C04B2235/3218—Aluminium (oxy)hydroxides, e.g. boehmite, gibbsite, alumina sol
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/40—Metallic constituents or additives not added as binding phase
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/40—Metallic constituents or additives not added as binding phase
- C04B2235/404—Refractory metals
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
- C04B2235/428—Silicon
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- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/04—Ceramic interlayers
- C04B2237/06—Oxidic interlayers
- C04B2237/064—Oxidic interlayers based on alumina or aluminates
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- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
- C04B2237/32—Ceramic
- C04B2237/36—Non-oxidic
- C04B2237/368—Silicon nitride
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- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
- C04B2237/40—Metallic
- C04B2237/407—Copper
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- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/55—Pre-treatments of a coated or not coated substrate other than oxidation treatment in order to form an active joining layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/901—Printed circuit
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
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- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
- Y10T428/24917—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including metal layer
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- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
- Y10T428/24926—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including ceramic, glass, porcelain or quartz layer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
질화 규소 기판을 이용한 DBC 기판에 있어서, 질화 규소 기판에 대하여 DBC법을 적용할 때에 필수적인, 안정되고 충분한 두께를 갖는 산화물층을 용이하게 형성할 수 있음과 동시에, 산화물층에 의한 열저항의 증대를 억제한다.
표면에 산화 알루미늄층(2)을 갖는 질화 규소 기판(1)과, 이 질화 규소 기판(1)상에 산화 알루미늄층(2)을 사이에 두고 DBC법으로 직접 접합된 동계 회로판(4), (5)를 구비하는 질화 규소 회로가 기판(6)이다. 이 산화 알루미늄층(2)은 예를들면 초미립자 알루미나졸의 도포, 소성에 의해 형성한다. 산화 알루미늄층(2)은 질화 규소기판(1)에 대하여 열산화법 등으로 형성한 Si-O계 산화물층에 비하여 치밀하고 또 안정하다. 특히, 초미립자 알루미나졸의 도포, 소성에 의해 형성된 산화 알루미늄층(2)은 질화 규소 기판(1)과의 계면 접합성에 뛰어나다.
Description
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
제1도는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 의한 질화 규소 회로 기판의 구성을 도시하는 단면도.
Claims (9)
- 표면에 산화물층을 갖는 질화 규소 기판과, 상기 질화 규소 기판상에 상기 산화물층을 사이에 두고, 직접 접합된 동계(銅系) 회로판을 구비하는 질화 규소 회로 기판에 있어서, 상기 질화 규소 기판의 표면에 설치된 산화물층은, 산화 알루미늄으로 실질적으로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 질화 규소 회로기판.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 산화물층은 그 내부에 존재하는 포어의 지름이 100nm 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 질화 규소 회로 기판.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 산화물층은 고순도 α-Al2O3로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 질화 규소 회로 기판.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 질화 규소 기판과 산화물층의 계면에는 질화 규소와 산화 알루미늄의 반응층이 존재하고 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 질화 규소 회로 기판.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 산화물층은 Si, Ti, Y 및 Er로부터 선택되는 적어도 1종류를 10~1000ppm의 범위에서 더 함유하고 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 질화 규소 회로 기판.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 반응층은 Si, N, Al 및 O를 포함하고, Sn, Si, Ti, Y 및 Er로부터 선택되는 적어도 1종류를 더 함유하고 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 질화 규소 회로 기판.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 산화물층은 초미립자 알루미나졸의 도포, 소성층인 것을 특징으로 하는 질화 규소 회로 기판.
- 질화 규소 기판의 표면에 초미립자 알루미나졸을 도포한 후, 대기중에서 열처리하여 산화 알루미늄층을 형성하는 공정과, 상기 질화 규소 기판상에 상기 산화 알루미늄 층을 사이에 두고 동계 회로판을 접촉 배치하고, 열처리를 실시하여 상기 동계 회로판을 상기 질화 규소 기판에 접합하는 공정을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 질화 규소 회로 기판의 제조 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 초미립자 알루미나졸은 Sn, Si, Ti, Y 및 Er로부터 선택되는 적어도 1종류를 10~1000ppm 범위에서 함유하고 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 질화 규소 회로 기판의 제조 방법.※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP7225096 | 1996-03-27 | ||
JP96-072250 | 1996-03-27 | ||
JP23404596 | 1996-09-04 | ||
JP96-234045 | 1996-09-04 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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KR970067544A true KR970067544A (ko) | 1997-10-13 |
KR100270149B1 KR100270149B1 (ko) | 2001-01-15 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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KR1019970010909A KR100270149B1 (ko) | 1996-03-27 | 1997-03-27 | 질화 규소 회로 기판 및 그 제조 방법 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US5912066A (ko) |
EP (1) | EP0798781B1 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR100270149B1 (ko) |
DE (1) | DE69713540T2 (ko) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6107638A (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 2000-08-22 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Silicon nitride circuit substrate and semiconductor device containing same |
US6294244B1 (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 2001-09-25 | Kyocera Corporation | Wiring board having excellent heat-radiating property |
DE60037069T2 (de) * | 1999-05-28 | 2008-09-11 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo K.K. | Schaltung mit Substrat |
US6799628B1 (en) * | 2000-07-20 | 2004-10-05 | Honeywell International Inc. | Heat exchanger having silicon nitride substrate for mounting high power electronic components |
FR2814279B1 (fr) * | 2000-09-15 | 2003-02-28 | Alstom | Substrat pour circuit electronique et module electronique utilisant un tel substrat |
FR2814280B1 (fr) * | 2000-09-15 | 2003-05-02 | Alstom | Substrat pour circuit electronique de puissance et module electronique de puissance utilisant un tel substrat |
ES2717849T3 (es) * | 2001-03-08 | 2019-06-25 | Alstom Transp Tech | Sustrato para circuito electrónico de potencia y módulo electrónico de potencia que utiliza dicho sustrato |
DE102004033227A1 (de) * | 2004-07-08 | 2006-01-26 | Curamik Electronics Gmbh | Metall-Keramik-Substrat |
DE102005042554B4 (de) | 2005-08-10 | 2008-04-30 | Curamik Electronics Gmbh | Metall-Keramik-Substrat und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Metall-Keramik-Substrats |
US7566913B2 (en) * | 2005-12-02 | 2009-07-28 | Nitronex Corporation | Gallium nitride material devices including conductive regions and methods associated with the same |
DE102009015520A1 (de) * | 2009-04-02 | 2010-10-07 | Electrovac Ag | Metall-Keramik-Substrat |
CN104185365B (zh) * | 2013-05-23 | 2018-06-26 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种线路板及其制备方法 |
DE102013108610A1 (de) | 2013-08-06 | 2015-02-12 | Rogers Germany Gmbh | Metall-Keramik-Substrat sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Metall-Keramik-Substrates |
CN108133889A (zh) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-06-08 | 上海申和热磁电子有限公司 | 一种双面覆铜陶瓷基板两面同时烧结的方法 |
DE102018101750A1 (de) * | 2018-01-26 | 2019-08-01 | Rogers Germany Gmbh | Verbundkeramik für eine Leiterplatte und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
KR102595293B1 (ko) | 2018-02-12 | 2023-10-30 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 인쇄 회로 기판 및 이를 포함하는 반도체 패키지 |
CN112552070B (zh) * | 2019-09-26 | 2022-03-18 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种氮化硅陶瓷覆铜基板及其制备方法 |
TWI761734B (zh) * | 2019-11-26 | 2022-04-21 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | 覆銅陶瓷基板 |
CN111908924B (zh) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-02-18 | 江苏富乐华半导体科技股份有限公司 | 一种氮化硅瓷片界面改性方法及覆铜陶瓷基板制备方法 |
DE102021106952A1 (de) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-09-22 | Infineon Technologies Austria Ag | Dbc-substrat für leistungshalbleitervorrichtungen, verfahren zum herstellen eines dbc-substrats und leistungshalbleitervorrichtung mit dbc-substrat |
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EP0097944B1 (en) * | 1982-06-29 | 1988-06-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Method for directly bonding ceramic and metal members and laminated body of the same |
JPS60171277A (ja) * | 1984-02-17 | 1985-09-04 | 株式会社東芝 | 金属−セラミツクス接合体 |
US4685607A (en) * | 1984-05-21 | 1987-08-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Nitride ceramic-metal complex material and method of producing the same |
US4591535A (en) * | 1984-06-20 | 1986-05-27 | Gte Products Corporation | Method of brazing ceramics using active brazing alloys |
JPS62289396A (ja) * | 1985-11-16 | 1987-12-16 | Sumitomo Cement Co Ltd | セラミツクスの接合方法 |
JPS63254032A (ja) * | 1987-04-10 | 1988-10-20 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | セラミツク配線基板用材料およびその製造法 |
JP3011433B2 (ja) * | 1990-05-25 | 2000-02-21 | 株式会社東芝 | セラミックス回路基板の製造方法 |
JP2677748B2 (ja) * | 1993-01-19 | 1997-11-17 | 株式会社東芝 | セラミックス銅回路基板 |
US5686172A (en) * | 1994-11-30 | 1997-11-11 | Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc. | Metal-foil-clad composite ceramic board and process for the production thereof |
JP3450570B2 (ja) * | 1995-03-20 | 2003-09-29 | 株式会社東芝 | 高熱伝導性窒化けい素回路基板 |
JPH0964235A (ja) * | 1995-08-25 | 1997-03-07 | Toshiba Corp | 窒化けい素回路基板 |
JPH09153567A (ja) * | 1995-09-28 | 1997-06-10 | Toshiba Corp | 高熱伝導性窒化珪素回路基板および半導体装置 |
-
1997
- 1997-02-28 US US08/808,417 patent/US5912066A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-24 EP EP19970301990 patent/EP0798781B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-24 DE DE1997613540 patent/DE69713540T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-27 KR KR1019970010909A patent/KR100270149B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP0798781A3 (en) | 1998-05-27 |
DE69713540T2 (de) | 2003-01-16 |
EP0798781B1 (en) | 2002-06-26 |
EP0798781A2 (en) | 1997-10-01 |
DE69713540D1 (de) | 2002-08-01 |
US5912066A (en) | 1999-06-15 |
KR100270149B1 (ko) | 2001-01-15 |
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