KR20210151953A - 적층체 및 그 제조 방법 - Google Patents

적층체 및 그 제조 방법 Download PDF

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KR20210151953A
KR20210151953A KR1020217037195A KR20217037195A KR20210151953A KR 20210151953 A KR20210151953 A KR 20210151953A KR 1020217037195 A KR1020217037195 A KR 1020217037195A KR 20217037195 A KR20217037195 A KR 20217037195A KR 20210151953 A KR20210151953 A KR 20210151953A
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South Korea
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nickel
film layer
plating film
layer
mass
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KR1020217037195A
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English (en)
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아키라 후루야
타다아키 코지마
히로시 스즈키
후미아키 나카
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쇼와 덴코 가부시키가이샤
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Publication of KR20210151953A publication Critical patent/KR20210151953A/ko

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/322Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1633Process of electroless plating
    • C23C18/1689After-treatment
    • C23C18/1692Heat-treatment
    • C23C18/1696Control of atmosphere
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    • B32B15/013Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
    • B32B15/015Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium the said other metal being copper or nickel or an alloy thereof
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    • B32B3/10Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
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    • B32B3/30Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
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    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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Abstract

본 발명의 과제는 반도체 제조 장치의 구성 부재에 적용 가능하며, 내식성, 특히 산이나 고온 스팀에 대한 내식성이 우수한 금속재료를 제공하는 것에 있다. 본 발명에 따른 적층체는 금속기재와, 상기 금속기재 상에 형성된 니켈 함유 도금 피막층과, 상기 니켈 함유 도금 피막층 상에 형성된 금 도금 피막층을 갖고, 또한, 상기 금 도금 피막층의 핀홀이 두께 15nm 이상의 부동태 피막에 의해 시일되어 있다.

Description

적층체 및 그 제조 방법
본 발명은 적층체 및 그 제조 방법에 관한 것이다. 보다 구체적으로는 반도체 제조 장치 등의 구성 부재로서 적합한 적층체 및 그 제조 방법에 관한 것이다.
종래, 반도체 제조 프로세스에서는 드라이 에칭 공정 및 제조 장치의 클리닝 등에 있어서, 불소, 염화수소, 3염화붕소, 3불화질소, 3불화염소, 브롬화수소 등의 할로겐계의 반응성 및 부식성이 강한 특수 가스( 이하 「부식성 가스」라고도 한다.)가 사용되고 있다.
그러나, 상기 부식성 가스가 분위기 하의 수분과 반응해서 가수분해되면, 불화수소, 옥살산, 및 염화수소 등의 생성물이 발생한다. 상기 생성물은 상기 부식성 가스를 사용할 때의 밸브, 이음매, 배관 및 반응 챔버 등의 구성 부재의 금속표면을 용이하게 부식하므로 문제가 되고 있다.
지금까지, 내식성의 향상을 꾀하기 위해서, 금속기재에 니켈-인 합금 도금을 실시하고, 니켈의 불화 부동태막을 형성하는 방법이 행해지고 있지만(예를 들면 특허문헌 1∼3을 참조), 이들 방법은 충분하지 않는 경우가 있었다.
또한 상기 부식성 가스를 이용하여 클리닝을 실시할 경우, 배관을 냉각한 후에 부식성 가스를 도입하고 있는 점에서 제조라인에서의 시간 로스가 발생한다. 그 때문에 배관 등의 구성 부재의 금속재료로서 냉각하지 않고 클리닝 공정으로 이행할 수 있고, 고온역에서도 내식성이 떨어지지 않는 새로운 금속재료의 개발이 요구되고 있다.
또한 최근, 반도체 제조의 새로운 프로세스로서 CVD법을 발전시킨 형태로, 즉 고애스펙트비의 딥드로잉부에 고정밀도로 막두께 제어된 성막을 행할 수 있는 프로세스로서 ALD(Atomic Layer Deposition)법의 개발이 진행되고 있다. 현상황에서 ALD법에 있어서는 주로 H2O가 사용되고 있고, 성막시의 온도역은 약 150∼400℃시에 도달하므로, 필연적으로, H2O는 고온 스팀이 된다. 그 때문에 반도체 장치의 구성 부재의 추가적인 내식성의 향상이 요구되고 있다. 고온 스팀 분위기 하에서의 내식을 방지하는 방법으로서 ALD 프로세스에서는 하스테로이 C(등록상표) 등이 사용되고 있지만, 가격이 고액이며, 또한 가공성이 곤란한 경우가 있다고 하는 문제가 있다.
또한, 도금 표면의 핀홀도 부식을 진행시키는 원인이 될 수 있다. 핀홀의 발생 요인은 예를 들면 도금 반응에 의해 발생한 H2가 도금 피막의 형성시에 거품이 되어 성막을 저해하거나, 또는 기재에 남겨진 불순물(산화막, 오물, 유분 등)이 전처리 공정에서 제거되지 않고 성막을 저해하는 등 복수의 원인이 고려된다. 이것에 대해서 특허문헌 4에는 금속기재 상에 금 도금을 실시하고, 산화 분위기 하에서 가열함으로써 핀홀을 산화 피막으로 덮는 방법이 개시되어 있다.
일본 특허 제2954716호 공보 일본 특허 제3094000호 공보 일본 특허공개 2004-360066호 공보 일본 특허공개 2008-260646호 공보
본 발명자들의 검토에 의하면, 특허문헌 1∼3과 같이, 니켈-인 합금 도금 표면에 니켈의 불화 부동태막을 형성하는 방법에서는 스팀 내식성에 대해서 불충분한 경우가 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 특허문헌 4의 방법에서는 형성되는 산화 피막이 극박막이기 때문에, 환경에 따라서는 용이하게 산화 피막이 소실되어 버릴 우려가 있다. 그 때문에 실용상의 부재로서 적응하기 어렵다고 하는 과제가 있었다.
그래서 본 발명의 과제는 반도체 제조 장치의 구성 부재에 적용 가능하며, 내식성, 특히 산이나 고온 스팀에 대한 내식성이 우수한 금속재료를 제공하는 것에 있다.
본 발명은 예를 들면 이하의 [1]∼[12]에 관한 것이다.
[1]금속기재와, 상기 금속기재 상에 형성된 니켈 함유 도금 피막층과, 상기 니켈 함유 도금 피막층 상에 형성된 금 도금 피막층을 갖고, 또한, 상기 금 도금 피막층의 핀홀이 두께 15nm 이상의 부동태 피막에 의해 시일되어 있는 적층체.
[2]상기 금속기재가 스테인레스강, 철, 알루미늄, 알루미늄 합금, 구리 및 구리 합금으로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 적어도 1개의 금속을 포함하는 상기 [1]에 기재된 적층체.
[3]상기 금속기재와 상기 니켈 함유 도금 피막층 사이에 니켈 스트라이크층을 갖는 상기 [1] 또는 [2]에 기재된 적층체.
[4]상기 니켈 함유 도금 피막층이 인 농도가 8질량% 이상 10질량% 미만인 니켈-인 합금 도금층(1)과, 인 농도가 10질량% 이상 12질량% 이하인 니켈-인 합금 도금층(2)을 상기 금속기재측으로부터 이 순서로 포함하는 상기 [1]∼[3] 중 어느 하나에 기재된 적층체.
[5]상기 금 도금 피막층이 치환형 금 도금 피막층 및 환원형 금 도금 피막층을 상기 니켈 함유 도금 피막층측으로부터 이 순서로 포함하는 상기 [1]∼[4] 중 어느 하나에 기재된 적층체.
[6]상기 [1]∼[5] 중 어느 하나에 기재된 적층체로 이루어지는 반도체 제조 장치의 구성 부재.
[7]금속기재 상에 니켈 함유 도금 피막층을 형성하는 공정(A), 상기 니켈 함유 도금 피막층 상에 금 도금 피막층을 형성하는 공정(B), 및 상기 금 도금 피막층의 핀홀에 두께 15nm 이상의 부동태 피막을 형성하는 시일 처리 공정(C)을 포함하는 적층체의 제조 방법.
[8]상기 시일 처리 공정(C)이 산소 가스 농도 50체적% 이상 및 온도 140∼200℃의 분위기 하에서 행해지는 상기 [7]에 기재된 적층체의 제조 방법.
[9]상기 금속기재가 스테인레스강, 철, 알루미늄, 알루미늄 합금, 구리 및 구리 합금으로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 적어도 1개의 금속을 포함하는 상기 [7] 또는 [8]에 기재된 적층체의 제조 방법.
[10]상기 공정(A) 전에 금속기재에 대해서 전류밀도 5∼20A/dm2의 조건으로 니켈 스트라이크 처리를 실시하는 공정을 포함하는 상기 [7]∼[9] 중 어느 하나에 기재된 적층체의 제조 방법.
[11]상기 공정(A)이 인 농도가 8질량% 이상 10질량% 미만인 니켈-인 합금 도금층(1)을 형성시키는 공정(a1)과, 상기 공정(a1) 후에 인 농도가 10질량% 이상 12질량% 이하인 니켈-인 합금 도금층(2)을 형성시키는 공정(a2)을 포함하는 상기 [7]∼[10] 중 어느 하나에 기재된 적층체의 제조 방법.
[12]상기 공정(B)이 치환형 금 도금 피막층을 형성시키는 공정(b1)과, 상기 공정(b1) 후에 환원형 금 도금 피막층을 형성시키는 공정(b2)을 포함하는 상기 [7]∼[11] 중 어느 하나에 기재된 적층체의 제조 방법.
본 발명에 의하면, 내식성, 특히 산이나 고온 스팀에 대한 내식성이 우수한 적층체를 제공할 수 있다.
도 1은 시일 처리 전후의 적층체를 나타내는 개략도이다((a):시일 처리 전, (b):시일 처리 후).
이하, 본 발명의 일실시형태에 대해서 구체적으로 설명한다.
본 발명의 일실시형태의 적층체는 금속기재와, 상기 금속기재 상에 형성된 니켈 함유 도금 피막층과, 상기 니켈 함유 도금 피막층 상에 형성된 금 도금 피막층을 갖고, 또한, 상기 금 도금 피막층의 핀홀이 두께 15nm 이상의 부동태 피막에 의해 시일되어 있다.
본 발명의 일실시형태의 적층체의 제조 방법은 금속기재 상에 니켈 함유 도금 피막층을 형성하는 공정(A), 상기 니켈 함유 도금 피막층 상에 금 도금 피막층을 형성하는 공정(B), 및 상기 금 도금 피막층의 핀홀에 두께 15nm 이상의 부동태 피막을 형성하는 시일 처리 공정(C)을 포함한다.
[금속기재]
본 발명의 일실시형태에 사용되는 금속기재는 적어도 표면이 금속으로 이루어지는 기재이다. 상기 금속기재로서는 특별히 한정되지 않고, 반도체 제조 장치의 구성 부재에 일반적으로 사용되는 금속을 들 수 있고, 바람직하게는 스테인레스강, 철, 알루미늄, 알루미늄 합금, 구리 및 구리 합금이다.
상기 금속기재는 니켈 함유 도금 피막층과의 밀착성을 강고하게 하기 위해서, 공정(A)의 전처리로서 탈지, 산세정 또는 니켈 스트라이크 처리 등의 기재에 따른 처리를 실시해도 좋다. 니켈 스트라이크 처리는 니켈 함유 도금욕을 사용한 예비적 도금 처리이며, 니켈 스트라이크 처리에 있어서의 전류밀도는 바람직하게는 5∼20A/dm2, 보다 바람직하게는 6∼10A/dm2이다. 또한 니켈 스트라이크 처리의 시간은 5초 이상 5분 이하가 바람직하다.
[니켈 함유 도금 피막층]
니켈 함유 도금 피막층은 공정(A)에 의해 상기 금속기재 상에 형성된다. 또, 상기 금속기재에 니켈 스트라이크 처리를 실시한 경우, 금속기재와 니켈 도금 피막층 사이에 니켈 스트라이크층을 갖는다.
니켈 함유 도금 피막층은 내식성 향상의 관점에서 인을 함유하는 것이 바람직하고, 인 농도가 8질량% 이상 10질량% 미만인 니켈-인 합금 도금층(1)과, 인 농도가 10질량% 이상 12질량% 이하인 니켈-인 합금 도금층(2)을 상기 금속기재측으로부터 이 순서로 포함하는 것이 보다 바람직하다.
니켈 함유 도금 피막층 중의 니켈 함유량은 니켈 함유 도금 피막층 전체를 100질량%로 한 경우, 바람직하게는 80질량% 이상, 보다 바람직하게는 85∼95질량%, 특히 바람직하게는 88∼92질량%이다. 니켈 함유량이 상기 범위인 것에 의해, 피막층 중의 인의 비율이 증가하여 우수한 내식성을 발휘할 수 있다. 또한 인 농도를 바꾼 무전해 니켈-인 합금 도금 피막을 적층시키면, 핀홀 결함이 상이한 위치에 형성되면서 성막되므로, 외란이 직접적으로 기재에 도착하기 어려워져, 내식성 향상을 기대할 수 있다.
<공정(A)>
니켈 함유 도금 피막층은 니켈염과, 환원제로서 인 화합물을 포함하는 무전해 도금욕을 이용하여 금속기재 상에 형성할 수 있다. 니켈염으로서는 예를 들면 황산 니켈, 염화 니켈, 아세트산 니켈, 탄산 니켈 등을 들 수 있다. 인 화합물로서는 예를 들면 차아 인산 나트륨, 차아 인산 칼륨 등을 들 수 있다.
상기 공정(A)은 니켈-인 합금 도금층(1)을 형성시키는 공정(a1)과, 상기 공정(a1) 후에 니켈-인 합금 도금층(2)을 형성시키는 공정(a2)을 포함하는 것이 바람직하다.
상기 니켈-인 합금 도금층(1)의 성막 속도는 바람직하게는 20∼30㎛/h(시간), 보다 바람직하게는 22∼25㎛/h(시간)이며, 상기 니켈-인 합금 도금층(2)의 성막 속도는 바람직하게는 10∼15㎛/h(시간), 보다 바람직하게는 11∼13㎛/h(시간)이다. 이렇게 해서 니켈-인 합금 도금층(1) 및 (2)를 형성함으로써, 내식성을 향상시킬 수 있다. 니켈-인 합금 도금층(1) 및 (2)의 막두께는 각각 5㎛ 이상이 바람직하고, 7∼25㎛가 보다 바람직하고, 핀홀이 발생하기 어려운 피막 성능 및 비용의 관점에서 10∼20㎛가 더욱 바람직하다.
[금 도금 피막층]
금 도금 피막층은 공정(B)에 의해 상기 니켈 함유 도금 피막층 상에 형성된다.
금 도금 피막 중의 금 함유량은 금 도금 피막 전체층 전체를 100질량%로 한 경우, 바람직하게는 90질량% 이상, 보다 바람직하게는 99질량% 이상, 특히 바람직하게는 99.9질량% 이상이다. 금 함유량이 상기 범위인 것에 의해 본원 발명의 적층체의 내식성이 안정된다. 금 함유량은 불순물 정량법으로 구해지는, 즉, 금 도금을 왕수로 용해하고, 원자흡광분석 및 고주파 유도 결합 플라즈마(ICP) 발광 분광 분석으로 측정된다.
금 도금 피막의 두께는 핀홀이 발생하기 어려운 피막 성능 및 비용의 관점에서 바람직하게는 0.1㎛∼1㎛이며, 보다 바람직하게는 0.2∼0.9㎛가 바람직하고, 특히 바람직하게는 0.3∼0.8㎛이다. 귀금속 도금 피막을 두껍게 하면 핀홀이 감소되어 가는 것은 종래 기술로부터 공지이며, 높은 내식성이 기대되지만, 가격이 고액이 되므로 실용상 바람직하지 못하다.
<공정(B)>
상기 금 도금 피막층의 형성 방법으로서는 특별히 한정되지 않지만, 무전해 금 도금법이 바람직하다. 무전해 금 도금법에서는 치환형 금 도금을 행한 후, 환원형 금 도금을 행하는 것이 바람직하다. 즉, 상기 공정(B)은 치환형 금 도금 피막층을 형성시키는 공정(b1)과, 상기 공정(b1) 후에 환원형 금 도금 피막층을 형성시키는 공정(b2)을 포함하는 것이 바람직하다.
치환형 금 도금에서는 니켈 피막으로부터 니켈이 용해되고, 그 때 방출되는 전자에 의해 용액 중의 금 이온이 환원되어 금 도금 피막으로서 석출된다. 환원형 금 도금에서는 용액 중의 금 이온이 환원제의 산화 반응으로 방출되는 전자에 의해 환원되어 금 도금 피막이 석출된다.
무전해 금 도금액으로서는 예를 들면 시안화금칼륨, 염화금, 아황산금, 티오황산금 등을 포함한 도금욕 등을 들 수 있고, 환원제로서는 예를 들면 수산화나트륨, 디메틸아민보란, 헥사메틸렌테트라민, 탄소수 3개 이상의 알킬기와 복수 아미노기를 갖는 쇄상 폴리아민 등을 들 수 있다.
치환형 금 도금을 바람직하게는 50∼90℃에서 3∼7분, 보다 바람직하게는 65∼75℃에서 3∼7분, 환원형 금 도금을 바람직하게는 55∼65℃에서 7∼15분, 보다 바람직하게는 58∼62℃에서 7∼15분 실시함으로써 금 도금 피막층을 형성할 수 있다.
[부동태 피막]
상기 금 도금 피막층 표면을 공정(C)에서 산화 처리함으로써, 상기 금 도금 피막층의 핀홀이 부동태 피막에 의해 시일된다.
부동태 피막의 두께는 통상 15nm 이상, 바람직하게는 18∼50nm, 보다 바람직하게는 20∼40nm, 특히 바람직하게는 25∼35nm이다. 부동태 피막의 두께가 상기 범위인 것에 의해 부동태 피막의 내구성 등이 실용상 적합한 것이 된다.
<공정(C)>
공정(C)에서는 상기 공정(A) 및 (B)를 거친 금 도금 피막층의 핀홀로부터 노출되는 니켈 함유 도금 피막층 표면을 강제 산화함으로써 부동태 피막을 형성시켜서 핀홀을 시일 처리한다.
공정(C)은 산소 가스 농도가 바람직하게는 50체적% 이상, 보다 바람직하게는 70∼100체적%의 분위기 하에서 행해지고, 산화 온도는 바람직하게는 140∼200℃, 보다 바람직하게는 150∼180℃이다. 산소 가스에 동반되는 가스로서는 질소 가스, 아르곤 가스 등의 불활성 가스를 들 수 있다. 금속기재가 스테인레스강인 경우, 바람직하게는 150∼190℃, 보다 바람직하게는 155℃∼175℃, 알루미늄 합금의 경우, 바람직하게는 140∼160℃, 보다 바람직하게는 145∼155℃에서 산화된다. 성막 온도가 상기 범위인 것에 의해 무전해 니켈-합금 도금과 금 도금의 열확산의 밸런스가 좋다.
산화 처리 시간은 형성하고 싶은 부동태 피막의 두께에 따라 상이하지만, 우수한 내식성을 발휘하기 위해서는 바람직하게는 20∼100시간, 보다 바람직하게는 30∼80시간이다.
실시예
이하, 본 발명을 실시예에 의거하여 더욱 구체적으로 설명하지만, 본 발명은 이들 실시예에 한정되지 않는다.
[실시예 1]
<공정(A)>
스테인레스강(SUS316L)의 표면에 전처리로서 탈지, 산세정 및 니켈 스트라이크 처리를 실시했다. 상기 니켈 스트라이크 처리를 실시한 스테인레스강의 표면에 무전해 니켈-인 도금 약제 「님덴(상표) NSX」(우에무라 고교(주)제)를 사용하고, 도금 온도 90℃, pH 4.5∼4.8의 조건 하, 성막 속도 10㎛/25분으로, 성막시의 인 함유량이 8∼10질량%인 무전해 니켈-인 합금 도금 피막층(1)을 형성했다. 이어서, 무전해 니켈-인 도금 약제 「님덴(상표) HDX」(우에무라 고교(주)제)를 사용하고, 성막 속도 10㎛/50분으로, 성막시의 인 함유량이 10∼12질량%인 무전해 니켈-인 합금 도금 피막층(2)을 형성했다. 이것에 의해 니켈 스트라이크 처리를 실시한 스테인레스강 상에 합계 20㎛ 두께의 니켈 함유 도금 피막층을 형성시켰다.
<공정(B)>
2종류의 무전해 금 도금액 「플래시 골드 NC(치환형)」 및 「셀프 골드 OTK-IT(환원형)」 (모두 오쿠노 세이야쿠 고교(주)제)를 이 순서로 사용해서 공정(A)에서 형성한 니켈 함유 도금 피막층 상에 각각 치환형 도금 온도 70℃에서 5분 및 환원형 도금 온도 60℃에서 10분의 처리를 이 순서로 행하고, 합계 0.6㎛ 두께의 금 도금 피막층을 형성시켰다.
<공정(C)>
공정(A) 및 (B)에서 형성한 니켈 함유 도금 피막층 및 금 도금 피막층을 갖는 스테인레스강을 상압 기상 유통식 반응로의 내부에 장착하고, 노내 온도를 165℃까지 승온시켰다. 그 후에 대기를 질소 가스로 치환하고, 계속해서 100체적% 산소 가스를 도입해서 질소 가스를 산소 가스로 치환했다. 완전 치환 후, 그 상태를 36시간 유지하고, 금 도금을 시공했을 때에 발생한 핀홀에 의한 하지의 무전해 니켈-인 피막의 노출 부분을 강제 산화해서 부동태 피막을 형성시켰다. 얻어진 부동태 피막을 W-SEM「JSM-IT200」(니폰 덴시주(제))으로 분석한 결과, 부동태 피막 두께의 막두께는 20nm인 것을 확인했다.
[실시예 2]
실시예 1의 공정(C)에 있어서 100체적% 산소 가스를 사용한 강제 산화 시간을 72시간으로 변경한 이외는 실시예 1과 동일한 방법으로 부동태 피막을 형성시켰다. 얻어진 부동태 피막을 실시예 1과 동일하게 해서 막두께를 구한 결과, 30nm인 것을 확인했다.
[실시예 3]
실시예 1에 있어서 스테인레스강(SUS316L) 대신에 알루미늄 합금(A5052)을 사용하고, 전처리로서 탈지, 활성화 처리, 산세정 및 아연 치환 처리를 실시한 후, 실시예 1과 동일한 방법으로 공정(A) 및 (B)를 실시했다. 상기 활성화 처리는 처리제로서 산성 불화 암모늄과 질산의 혼산을 사용하고, 실온에서 30초간 행했다. 상기 산세정은 세정제로서 질산을 사용하고, 실온에서 25초간 행했다. 상기 아연 치환 처리는 처리제로서 진케이트욕을 사용하고, 실온에서 25초간 행했다. 또, 상기 산세정 및 상기 아연 치환 처리는 상기 조건으로 각각 2회씩 행했다.
공정(C)에서는 강제 산화 온도를 150℃로 한 것 이외는 실시예 1과 동일하게 해서 금 도금 피막 상에 부동태 피막을 형성시켰다. 얻어진 부동태 피막을 실시예 1과 동일하게 해서 막두께를 구한 결과, 20nm인 것을 확인했다.
[비교예 1]
실시예 1의 공정(A)만을 실시하여 스테인레스강의 표면에 니켈 함유 도금 피막층 20㎛를 형성시켰다.
[비교예 2]
실시예 1의 공정(A) 및 (B)를 실시 후, 니켈 함유 도금 피막층 및 금 도금 피막층을 갖는 스테인레스강을 대기에 노출시켜서 자연 산화 피막을 형성시켰다. 얻어진 자연 산화 피막을 실시예 1과 동일하게 해서 막두께를 구한 결과, 7nm인 것을 확인했다.
[비교예 3]
실시예 1의 공정(A)을 실시한 후에 이하의 처리를 행했다. 니켈 함유 도금 피막층을 갖는 스테인레스강을 상압 기상 유통식 반응로의 내부에 장착하고, 노내 온도를 300℃까지 승온시켰다. 그 후에 대기를 질소 가스로 치환하고, 계속해서 100체적% 산소 가스를 도입해서 질소 가스를 산소 가스로 치환했다. 완전 치환 후, 그 상태를 12시간 유지했다. 이어서, 10체적% F2 가스를 도입하고, 그 상태를 12시간 유지함으로써, 니켈 함유 도금 피막층 상에 불화 니켈(NiF2)막을 형성시켰다. 그 후에 성막 안정화를 꾀하기 위해서 질소 가스를 12시간 주입했다.
[평가]
상기 실시예 1∼3 및 비교예 1∼3에서 얻어진 금속기재 표면 상의 피막에 대해서 하기의 방법으로 평가를 행했다. 평가 결과를 표 1에 나타낸다.
<염산 내식 시험>
세로 15mm×가로 15mm×두께 1mm의 시험편을 35질량% 염산 용액에 25℃에서 5시간 침지시켰다. 침지 전후의 질량 감소량[mg/dm2]에 의거하여 하기 기준으로 염산 내식성을 평가했다.
(평가기준)
A:0.1mg/dm2 미만
B:0.1mg/dm2 이상 3mg/dm2 미만
C:3mg/dm2 이상
<스팀 내식 시험>
세로 15mm×가로 15mm×두께 1mm의 시험편을 190℃ 포화 수증기 분위기 하, 144시간 방치시켰다. 시험 전후의 질량 감소량[mg/dm2]에 의거하여 하기 기준으로 스팀 내식성을 평가했다.
(평가기준)
A:0.1mg/dm2 미만
B:0.1mg/dm2 이상 3mg/dm2 미만
C:3mg/dm2 이상
Figure pct00001
표 1 중, SUS는 스테인레스강(SUS316L), Al은 알루미늄 합금(A5052)을 나타낸다.
1…금속기재
2…니켈 함유 도금 피막층
2a …니켈-인 합금 도금층(1)
2b…니켈-인 합금 도금층(2)
3…금 도금 피막층
4…핀홀
5…부동태 피막

Claims (12)

  1. 금속기재와, 상기 금속기재 상에 형성된 니켈 함유 도금 피막층과, 상기 니켈 함유 도금 피막층 상에 형성된 금 도금 피막층을 갖고, 또한,
    상기 금 도금 피막층의 핀홀이 두께 15nm 이상의 부동태 피막에 의해 시일되어 있는 적층체.
  2. 제 1 항에 있어서,
    상기 금속기재가 스테인레스강, 철, 알루미늄, 알루미늄 합금, 구리 및 구리 합금으로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 적어도 1개의 금속을 포함하는 적층체.
  3. 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서,
    상기 금속기재와 상기 니켈 함유 도금 피막층 사이에 니켈 스트라이크층을 갖는 적층체.
  4. 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
    상기 니켈 함유 도금 피막층이 인 농도가 8질량% 이상 10질량% 미만인 니켈-인 합금 도금층(1)과, 인 농도가 10질량% 이상 12질량% 이하인 니켈-인 합금 도금층(2)을 상기 금속기재측으로부터 이 순서로 포함하는 적층체.
  5. 제 1 항 내지 제 4 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
    상기 금 도금 피막층이 치환형 금 도금 피막층 및 환원형 금 도금 피막층을 상기 니켈 함유 도금 피막층측으로부터 이 순서로 포함하는 적층체.
  6. 제 1 항 내지 제 5 항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 적층체로 이루어지는 반도체 제조 장치의 구성 부재.
  7. 금속기재 상에 니켈 함유 도금 피막층을 형성하는 공정(A),
    상기 니켈 함유 도금 피막층 상에 금 도금 피막층을 형성하는 공정(B), 및
    상기 금 도금 피막층의 핀홀에 두께 15nm 이상의 부동태 피막을 형성하는 시일 처리 공정(C)을 포함하는 적층체의 제조 방법.
  8. 제 7 항에 있어서,
    상기 시일 처리 공정(C)이 산소 가스 농도 50체적% 이상 및 온도 140∼200℃의 분위기 하에서 행해지는 적층체의 제조 방법.
  9. 제 7 항 또는 제 8 항에 있어서,
    상기 금속기재가 스테인레스강, 철, 알루미늄, 알루미늄 합금, 구리 및 구리 합금으로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 적어도 1개의 금속을 포함하는 적층체의 제조 방법.
  10. 제 7 항 내지 제 9 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
    상기 공정(A) 전에 금속기재에 대해서 전류밀도 5∼20A/dm2의 조건으로 니켈 스트라이크 처리를 실시하는 공정을 포함하는 적층체의 제조 방법.
  11. 제 7 항 내지 제 10 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
    상기 공정(A)이 인 농도가 8질량% 이상 10질량% 미만인 니켈-인 합금 도금층(1)을 형성시키는 공정(a1)과, 상기 공정(a1) 후에 인 농도가 10질량% 이상 12질량% 이하인 니켈-인 합금 도금층(2)을 형성시키는 공정(a2)을 포함하는 적층체의 제조 방법.
  12. 제 7 항 내지 제 11 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
    상기 공정(B)이 치환형 금 도금 피막층을 형성시키는 공정(b1)과, 상기 공정(b1) 후에 환원형 금 도금 피막층을 형성시키는 공정(b2)을 포함하는 적층체의 제조 방법.
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WO2021020064A1 (ja) 2021-02-04
TW202113156A (zh) 2021-04-01
US20220235468A1 (en) 2022-07-28
SG11202112883PA (en) 2021-12-30
CN113874551A (zh) 2021-12-31
JPWO2021020064A1 (ko) 2021-02-04
EP4006201A1 (en) 2022-06-01
CN113874551B (zh) 2023-10-03
EP4006201A4 (en) 2023-11-29

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