JPWO2019069642A1 - 撥水撥油部材及び撥水撥油部材の製造方法 - Google Patents
撥水撥油部材及び撥水撥油部材の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2019069642A1 JPWO2019069642A1 JP2019546600A JP2019546600A JPWO2019069642A1 JP WO2019069642 A1 JPWO2019069642 A1 JP WO2019069642A1 JP 2019546600 A JP2019546600 A JP 2019546600A JP 2019546600 A JP2019546600 A JP 2019546600A JP WO2019069642 A1 JPWO2019069642 A1 JP WO2019069642A1
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- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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Abstract
Description
なお、本発明に関連する従来技術として、上述した文献と共に下記文献が挙げられる。
〔1〕
基材の少なくとも片面に、第1層としてプライマー層を積層し、さらにその上に第2層として撥水撥油層を順次積層した撥水撥油部材であって、プライマー層がシラノール基を複数有する有機ケイ素化合物を主成分とする膜厚0.5〜500nmの層からなり、かつ撥水撥油層が含フッ素化合物の硬化物を主成分とする膜厚0.5〜30nmの層からなる撥水撥油部材。
〔2〕
シラノール基を複数有する有機ケイ素化合物が、テトラエトキシシランの加水分解・脱水縮合化合物であることを特徴とする〔1〕に記載の撥水撥油部材。
〔3〕
含フッ素化合物が、少なくとも1つの末端に加水分解性基を少なくとも1つ有し、該加水分解性基が、炭素数1〜12のアルコキシ基、炭素数1〜12のアルコキシアルコキシ基、炭素数1〜10のアシロキシ基、炭素数2〜10のアルケニルオキシ基、ハロゲン基、アミノ基及びシラザン基から選ばれる基である〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の撥水撥油部材。
〔4〕
含フッ素化合物が、分子中に−(CF2)d−O−(CF2O)p(CF2CF2O)q(CF2CF2CF2O)r(CF2CF2CF2CF2O)s(CF(CF3)CF2O)t−(CF2)d−(式中、p、q、r、s、tはそれぞれ独立に0〜200の整数であり、かつ、p+q+r+s+t=3〜500であり、括弧内に示される各単位はランダムに結合されていてよく、dは0〜8の整数であり、該単位は直鎖状であっても分岐状であってもよい。)を有し、かつ、少なくとも1つの末端に加水分解性基を少なくとも1つ有するフルオロオキシアルキレン基含有有機ケイ素化合物である〔1〕〜〔3〕のいずれかに記載の撥水撥油部材。
〔5〕
含フッ素化合物が、下記一般式(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)及び(5)で表されるフッ素含有加水分解性有機ケイ素化合物から選ばれる少なくとも1種である〔1〕〜〔4〕のいずれかに記載の撥水撥油部材。
(A−Rf)α−ZWβ (1)
Rf−(ZWβ)2 (2)
Z’−(Rf−ZWβ)γ (3)
〔式中、Rfは−(CF2)d−O−(CF2O)p(CF2CF2O)q(CF2CF2CF2O)r(CF2CF2CF2CF2O)s(CF(CF3)CF2O)t−(CF2)d−であり、p、q、r、s、tはそれぞれ独立に0〜200の整数であり、かつ、p+q+r+s+t=3〜500であり、括弧内に示される各単位はランダムに結合されていてよく、dは0〜8の整数であり、該単位は直鎖状であっても分岐状であってもよい。Aはフッ素原子、水素原子、又は末端が−CF3基、−CF2H基もしくは−CH2F基である1価のフッ素含有基であり、Z、Z’は独立に単結合、又は窒素原子、酸素原子、ケイ素原子、リン原子もしくは硫黄原子を含んでいてもよく、フッ素置換されていてもよい2〜8価の有機基であり、Wは末端に加水分解性基を有する1価の有機基である。α、βはそれぞれ独立に1〜7の整数であり、かつ、α+β=2〜8である。γは2〜8の整数である。〕
A−Rf−Q−(Y)δ−B (4)
Rf−(Q−(Y)δ−B)2 (5)
(式中、Rf、Aは前記と同じであり、Qは単結合又は2価の有機基であり、δは1〜10の整数であり、Yは加水分解性基を有する2価の有機基であり、Bは水素原子、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基、又はハロゲン原子である。)
〔6〕
式(1)〜(5)で表されるフッ素含有加水分解性有機ケイ素化合物が、下記に示すものである〔5〕に記載の撥水撥油部材。
〔7〕
基材が、金属酸化物、金属、樹脂、セラミック、石英、ガラス、サファイヤ又はダイヤモンドである〔1〕〜〔6〕のいずれかに記載の撥水撥油部材。
〔8〕
基材表面に、シラノール基を複数有する有機ケイ素化合物と溶剤を含む溶液を湿式塗布する工程と、該溶剤を乾燥させてプライマー層を形成する工程と、該プライマー層上に、含フッ素化合物と溶剤を含む溶液を湿式塗布した後に、該溶剤を乾燥させるか、又は、該溶液から溶剤を蒸発させた含フッ素化合物を乾式塗布する工程と、含フッ素化合物を硬化させて撥水撥油層を形成する工程とを含む〔1〕〜〔7〕のいずれかに記載の撥水撥油部材の製造方法。
本発明は、各種基材の表面(少なくとも片面)に、シラノール基を複数有する有機ケイ素化合物と溶剤を含む溶液を湿式塗布した後、該溶剤を乾燥させてプライマー層を形成し、さらに該プライマー層上に、含フッ素化合物と溶剤を含む溶液(撥水撥油剤)を湿式塗布した後に、該溶剤を乾燥させるか、あるいは、該溶液から溶剤を蒸発させた含フッ素化合物を乾式塗布すると共に含フッ素化合物を硬化させて撥水撥油層を形成する方法等によって、各種基材上に、シラノール基を複数有する有機ケイ素化合物を主成分とする膜厚0.5〜500nmのプライマー層を有し、さらにその上に含フッ素有機化合物の硬化物を主成分とする膜厚0.5〜30nmの撥水撥油層を有する撥水撥油部材を提供するものである。
−CF2O−
−CF2CF2O−
−CF2CF2CF2O−
−CF(CF3)CF2O−
−CF2CF2CF2CF2O−
−CF2CF2CF2CF2CF2O−
−C(CF3)2O−
(A−Rf)α−ZWβ (1)
Rf−(ZWβ)2 (2)
Z’−(Rf−ZWβ)γ (3)
A−Rf−Q−(Y)δ−B (4)
Rf−(Q−(Y)δ−B)2 (5)
また、Qは単結合又は2価の有機基であり、δはそれぞれ独立に1〜10の整数であり、Yは加水分解性基を有する2価の有機基であり、Bは水素原子、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基、又はハロゲン原子である。
上記において、R1は互いに独立に、好ましくは炭素数1〜3のアルキル基、ヒドロキシル基、ケイ素原子数2〜51個のジオルガノシロキサン構造を介在していてもよい炭素数1〜3のオキシアルキレン基の繰返し単位を有する基、又はR2 3SiO−で示されるシリルエーテル基であり、R2は互いに独立に、水素原子、好ましくは炭素数1〜3のアルキル基、フェニル基等のアリール基、又は炭素数1〜3のアルコキシ基である。R3は互いに独立に、好ましくは炭素数1〜3のアルキル基、炭素数2又は3のアルケニル基、炭素数1〜3のアルコキシ基、又はクロル基である。R4は炭素数1〜3のアルキル基、フェニル基等の炭素数6〜10のアリール基である。Mがシロキサン残基の場合には、ケイ素原子数2〜51個、好ましくはケイ素原子数2〜13個、より好ましくはケイ素原子数2〜11個、さらに好ましくはケイ素原子数2〜5個の直鎖状、分岐状又は環状オルガノポリシロキサン構造を有することが好ましい。該オルガノポリシロキサンは、炭素数1〜8、より好ましくは炭素数1〜4のメチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、及びC3F7−C3H6−等の非置換もしくはフッ素置換アルキル基又はフェニル基を有するものがよい。また、2つのケイ素原子がアルキレン基で結合されたシルアルキレン構造、即ちSi−(CH2)n−Siを含んでいてもよい。前記式においてnは2〜6の整数であり、好ましくは2〜4の整数である。
また、Rは、炭素数1〜4のメチル基、エチル基等のアルキル基、又はフェニル基であり、中でもメチル基が好適である。
aは2又は3であり、反応性、基材に対する密着性の観点から、3が好ましい。mは0〜10の整数であり、好ましくは2〜8の整数であり、より好ましくは2又は3である。
また、Bは互いに独立に、水素原子、炭素数1〜4のメチル基、エチル基、プロピル基及びブチル基等のアルキル基、又はフッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子及びヨウ素原子等のハロゲン原子である。
上記溶剤は1種を単独で使用しても2種以上を混合して使用してもよい。
溶剤は撥水撥油剤(含フッ素化合物と溶剤を含む溶液)中における含フッ素化合物の質量%が0.01〜50質量%、好ましくは0.03〜10質量%、さらに好ましくは0.05〜1質量%になるように含有することが好ましい。
含フッ素化合物は、室温(25℃)で1〜24時間にて硬化させることができるが、さらに短時間で硬化させるために30〜200℃で1分〜1時間加熱してもよい。硬化は加湿下(50〜90%RH)で行うことが加水分解を促進する上で好ましい。
〔プライマー層の形成〕
下記に示す方法でプライマー層1〜5をアクリル樹脂基材(株式会社エンジニアリングテストサービス社製アクリルデラグラスA、厚さ2mm、幅50mm、長さ100mmの試験片基板)にそれぞれ形成した。
テトラエトキシシランの加水分解・脱水縮合化合物(重量平均分子量:25,000、シラノール基量:0.01mol/g)をブタノールで固形分0.5質量%に希釈した処理液にて、上記基材をディッピング塗工した後、室温(25℃)で1時間乾燥させて、上記基材上に厚さ20nmのプライマー層1を形成した。ディッピング塗工は、基材を処理液に30秒浸漬後、150mm/minで引き上げた。
テトラエトキシシランをエタノールで固形分0.5質量%に希釈した処理液にて、上記基材をディッピング塗工した後、80℃/80%RHで24時間硬化させて、上記基材上に厚さ20nmのプライマー層2を形成した。ディッピング塗工は、基材を処理液に30秒浸漬後、150mm/minで引き上げた。
テトラエトキシシランの5重量体物をブタノールで固形分0.5質量%に希釈した処理液にて、上記基材をディッピング塗工した後、80℃/80%RHで24時間硬化させて、上記基材上に厚さ18nmのプライマー層3を形成した。ディッピング塗工は、基材を処理液に30秒浸漬後、150mm/minで引き上げた。
ペルヒドロポリシラザンをジブチルエーテルで固形分0.5質量%に希釈した処理液にて、上記基材をディッピング塗工した後、80℃/80%RHで24時間硬化させて、上記基材上に厚さ23nmのプライマー層4を形成した。ディッピング塗工は、基材を処理液に30秒浸漬後、150mm/minで引き上げた。
上記基材にSiO2層をスパッタ法で20nm塗工して、上記基材上に厚さ20nmのプライマー層5を形成した。
下記に示す化合物1を固形分で0.1質量%になるようにフッ素系溶剤(Novec7200(3M社製))で希釈した後、スプレー塗工装置(株式会社ティーアンドケー製NST−51)で上記基材のプライマー層上にスプレー塗工した。その後、80℃で30分硬化させて硬化被膜(撥水撥油層)を形成し、試験体を作製した。蛍光X線装置(株式会社リガク製 ZSXmini2)によるF検出量から算出した撥水撥油層の平均の膜厚は約10nmであった。
接触角計(DropMaster、協和界面科学社製)を用いて、硬化被膜(撥水撥油層)の水に対する接触角及びオレイン酸に対する接触角を測定した。
硬化被膜(撥水撥油層)のベンコット(旭化成社製)に対する動摩擦係数を、新東科学社製の表面性試験機を用いて、下記条件で測定した。
接触面積:10mm×30mm
荷重:100g
7人のパネラーにより、額の皮脂を指で硬化被膜(撥水撥油層)の表面に転写し、ベンコット(旭化成社製)で拭取りした際の拭取り性を、下記評価基準により評価した。
A:2回以内で完全に拭取れる
B:3〜5回以内で完全に拭取れる
C:5回の拭き取りでは、一部拭取れない部分が残る
D:5回の拭き取りではほとんど拭取れない
往復摩耗試験機(HEIDON 30S、新東科学社製)を用いて、以下の条件で硬化被膜(撥水撥油層)の耐摩耗試験を実施した。耐摩耗試験後の硬化被膜(撥水撥油層)の水に対する接触角を、接触角計(DropMaster、協和界面科学社製)を用いて測定した。
評価環境条件:25℃、湿度40%
擦り材:試料と接触するテスターの先端部(10mm×10mm)に不織布を8枚重ねて包み、輪ゴムで固定した。
荷重:1kg
擦り距離(片道):30mm
擦り速度:3,600mm/min
往復回数:5,000往復
Claims (8)
- 基材の少なくとも片面に、第1層としてプライマー層を積層し、さらにその上に第2層として撥水撥油層を順次積層した撥水撥油部材であって、プライマー層がシラノール基を複数有する有機ケイ素化合物を主成分とする膜厚0.5〜500nmの層からなり、かつ撥水撥油層が含フッ素化合物の硬化物を主成分とする膜厚0.5〜30nmの層からなる撥水撥油部材。
- シラノール基を複数有する有機ケイ素化合物が、テトラエトキシシランの加水分解・脱水縮合化合物であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の撥水撥油部材。
- 含フッ素化合物が、少なくとも1つの末端に加水分解性基を少なくとも1つ有し、該加水分解性基が、炭素数1〜12のアルコキシ基、炭素数1〜12のアルコキシアルコキシ基、炭素数1〜10のアシロキシ基、炭素数2〜10のアルケニルオキシ基、ハロゲン基、アミノ基及びシラザン基から選ばれる基である請求項1又は2に記載の撥水撥油部材。
- 含フッ素化合物が、分子中に−(CF2)d−O−(CF2O)p(CF2CF2O)q(CF2CF2CF2O)r(CF2CF2CF2CF2O)s(CF(CF3)CF2O)t−(CF2)d−(式中、p、q、r、s、tはそれぞれ独立に0〜200の整数であり、かつ、p+q+r+s+t=3〜500であり、括弧内に示される各単位はランダムに結合されていてよく、dは0〜8の整数であり、該単位は直鎖状であっても分岐状であってもよい。)を有し、かつ、少なくとも1つの末端に加水分解性基を少なくとも1つ有するフルオロオキシアルキレン基含有有機ケイ素化合物である請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の撥水撥油部材。
- 含フッ素化合物が、下記一般式(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)及び(5)で表されるフッ素含有加水分解性有機ケイ素化合物から選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の撥水撥油部材。
(A−Rf)α−ZWβ (1)
Rf−(ZWβ)2 (2)
Z’−(Rf−ZWβ)γ (3)
〔式中、Rfは−(CF2)d−O−(CF2O)p(CF2CF2O)q(CF2CF2CF2O)r(CF2CF2CF2CF2O)s(CF(CF3)CF2O)t−(CF2)d−であり、p、q、r、s、tはそれぞれ独立に0〜200の整数であり、かつ、p+q+r+s+t=3〜500であり、括弧内に示される各単位はランダムに結合されていてよく、dは0〜8の整数であり、該単位は直鎖状であっても分岐状であってもよい。Aはフッ素原子、水素原子、又は末端が−CF3基、−CF2H基もしくは−CH2F基である1価のフッ素含有基であり、Z、Z’は独立に単結合、又は窒素原子、酸素原子、ケイ素原子、リン原子もしくは硫黄原子を含んでいてもよく、フッ素置換されていてもよい2〜8価の有機基であり、Wは末端に加水分解性基を有する1価の有機基である。α、βはそれぞれ独立に1〜7の整数であり、かつ、α+β=2〜8である。γは2〜8の整数である。〕
A−Rf−Q−(Y)δ−B (4)
Rf−(Q−(Y)δ−B)2 (5)
(式中、Rf、Aは前記と同じであり、Qは単結合又は2価の有機基であり、δは1〜10の整数であり、Yは加水分解性基を有する2価の有機基であり、Bは水素原子、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基、又はハロゲン原子である。) - 基材が、金属酸化物、金属、樹脂、セラミック、石英、ガラス、サファイヤ又はダイヤモンドである請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の撥水撥油部材。
- 基材表面に、シラノール基を複数有する有機ケイ素化合物と溶剤を含む溶液を湿式塗布する工程と、該溶剤を乾燥させてプライマー層を形成する工程と、該プライマー層上に、含フッ素化合物と溶剤を含む溶液を湿式塗布した後に、該溶剤を乾燥させるか、又は、該溶液から溶剤を蒸発させた含フッ素化合物を乾式塗布する工程と、含フッ素化合物を硬化させて撥水撥油層を形成する工程とを含む請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の撥水撥油部材の製造方法。
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