JPWO2018021262A1 - 感光性樹脂組成物、その硬化物、層間絶縁膜、表面保護膜及び電子部品 - Google Patents
感光性樹脂組成物、その硬化物、層間絶縁膜、表面保護膜及び電子部品 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2018021262A1 JPWO2018021262A1 JP2018529886A JP2018529886A JPWO2018021262A1 JP WO2018021262 A1 JPWO2018021262 A1 JP WO2018021262A1 JP 2018529886 A JP2018529886 A JP 2018529886A JP 2018529886 A JP2018529886 A JP 2018529886A JP WO2018021262 A1 JPWO2018021262 A1 JP WO2018021262A1
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- photosensitive resin
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- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl sulfone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006158 tetracarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001412 tetrahydropyranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002088 tosyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- LGWZGBCKVDSYPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacontane Chemical compound [CH2]CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC LGWZGBCKVDSYPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLTHARGIAFTREU-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacontane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCC OLTHARGIAFTREU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXNCZXXFRKPEPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DXNCZXXFRKPEPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- FRGPKMWIYVTFIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(3-isocyanatopropyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN=C=O FRGPKMWIYVTFIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWLYXRJHEZXQRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(furan-2-ylmethoxymethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)COCC1=CC=CO1 GWLYXRJHEZXQRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
1.(A)酸性官能基又はその誘導置換基を有する重合体と、
(B)光反応性化合物と、
(C)溶剤と、
(D)下記一般式(1)で表される含窒素芳香族化合物と、を含有する感光性樹脂組成物。
2.前記(A)成分が、ポリイミド前駆体、ポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体、及びこれらの共重合体からなる群から選択される1以上である1に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
3.前記ポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体が、下記一般式(2−1)で表される構造単位及び下記一般式(2−2)で表される構造単位を有する2に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
4.前記ポリイミド前駆体が、下記一般式(3−1)で表される構造単位及び下記一般式(3−2)で表される構造単位を有する2に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
5.前記(D)成分が、トリアゾール骨格又はテトラゾール骨格を有する化合物である1〜4のいずれかに記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
6.1〜5のいずれかに記載の感光性樹脂組成物の硬化物。
7.6に記載の硬化物を用いた層間絶縁膜又は表面保護膜。
8.7に記載の層間絶縁膜又は7に記載の表面保護膜を有する電子部品。
尚、本明細書において「A又はB」とは、AとBのどちらか一方を含んでいればよく、両方とも含んでいてもよい。また、本明細書において「工程」との語は、独立した工程だけではなく、他の工程と明確に区別できない場合であってもその工程の所期の作用が達成されれば、本用語に含まれる。
「〜」を用いて示された数値範囲は、「〜」の前後に記載される数値をそれぞれ最小値及び最大値として含む範囲を示す。また、本明細書において組成物中の各成分の含有量は、組成物中に各成分に該当する物質が複数存在する場合、特に断らない限り、組成物中に存在する当該複数の物質の合計量を意味する。さらに、例示材料は特に断らない限り単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
以下、各成分について説明する。
(A)成分の酸性官能基としては、カルボキシ基、フェノール性の水酸基等が挙げられる。
誘導置換基の1価の有機基としては、アルキル基(好ましくは炭素数1〜20)、アリール基(好ましくは環形成炭素数5〜20)、シクロアルキル基(好ましくは環形成炭素数5〜20)、アラルキル基(好ましくは炭素数6〜20)等の炭素数1〜20(好ましくは1〜15)の炭化水素基、アルコキシアルキル基(好ましくは炭素数2〜20)、アリールオキシアルキル基(好ましくは炭素数6〜20)、複素環基(好ましくは環形成原子数5〜20)、シリル基、オキソシクロアルキル基(好ましくは環形成原子数5〜20)などが挙げられる。
酸性官能基又は酸性官能基の誘導置換基は置換基(以下、「任意の置換基」ともいう。)を有してもよい。
上記の1価の有機基及び任意の置換基のうち隣り合うものが結合して環を形成してもよい。形成する環としては、ベンゼン環、シクロヘキシル環等が挙げられる。
ポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体は、上記の2種の構造単位を有するブロック共重合体でもよく、上記の2種の構造単位を有するランダム共重合体でもよい。
ジカルボン酸化合物としては、脂肪族直鎖構造を有するジカルボン酸、脂環式構造を有するジカルボン酸及び芳香族ジカルボン酸等が挙げられる。
耐熱性の点から、芳香族ジカルボン酸が好ましい。
また、Rを部分的に1価の有機基とすることも可能であり、これによりアルカリ可溶性を制御することもできる。
具体的には、ポリオキサゾール前駆体と、Rの1価の有機基のハロゲン化合物又は酸ハライド化合物との脱酸ハロゲン反応を利用した付加反応や、2つの1価の有機基のエーテルを介した付加反応等が挙げられる。
例えば、シクロプロピル基、シクロブチル基、2−フェニル−1−シクロプロピル基、1−フェニル−1−シクロプロピル基、1−ベンゾシクロブテニル基、2−メチルシクロプロペニル基、1−ヒドロキシ−1−シクロプロピル基、1−カルボキシ−1−シクロプロピル基、及び1−カルボキシ−1−シクロブチル基が好ましい。
上記環式化合物基の導入率は、対応する活性エステル化合物の添加量を変えることで制御できる。ビスアミノフェノール化合物に対して0.5〜40モル%の範囲が好ましい。
重量平均分子量は、例えばゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)法により測定し、標準ポリスチレン検量線を用いて換算することにより求めることができる。
中でも、3,3’,4,4’−ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物、4,4’−オキシジフタル酸二無水物が好ましい。
重量平均分子量は、GPC法により測定し、標準ポリスチレン検量線を用いて換算することにより求めることができる。
重量平均分子量は、例えばGPC法により測定し、標準ポリスチレン検量線を用いて換算することにより求めることができる。
(B)成分としては、特に制限されず公知のものを用いることができ、活性光線により酸を発生する光酸発生剤、及び活性光線によりラジカルを発生する光重合開始剤が好ましい。
このような(B)成分を用いることにより、酸を発生させ、光照射部のアルカリ水溶液への可溶性を増大させることや、(A)成分等の重合反応を促進させ、溶液への可溶性を減少させことができる。
(A)成分がポリイミド前駆体の場合、(B)成分は光重合開始剤が好ましい。
活性光線としては、i線等の紫外線、可視光線及び放射線等が挙げられる。
0.1質量部以上の場合、感光剤としての効果が得られ易い傾向にある。40質量部以下の場合、照射光が底部まで進み、十分に硬化される傾向にある。
(C)成分としては、有機溶剤が好ましい。
(C)成分のうち好ましいものとして、例えば、γ−ブチロラクトン、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン、N−アセチル−2−ピロリドン、N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド、N,N−ジメチルスルホキシド、ヘキサメチルホスホルトリアミド、ジメチルイミダゾリジノン及びN−アセチル−ε−カプロラクタム等の極性溶剤が挙げられる。
具体的には、例えば、アセトン、ジエチルケトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、シュウ酸ジエチル、マロン酸ジエチル、ジエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、ジクロロメタン、1,2−ジクロロエタン、1,4−ジクロロブタン、トリクロロエタン、クロロベンゼン、o−ジクロロベンゼン、ヘキサン、ヘプタン、オクタン、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、1−メトキシ−2−プロパノール、1−メトキシ−2−アセトキシプロパン、プロピレングリコール−1−モノメチルエーテル−2−アセタート等を使用することができる。
(D)成分は、一般式(1)で表される含窒素芳香族化合物である。
R1の炭素数2〜10のアルケニル基としては、ビニル基及びアリル基等が挙げられる。
R1の炭素数3〜10の環状脂肪族基としては、シクロプロピル基、シクロブチル基、シクロペンチル基及びシクロヘキシル基等が挙げられる。
R3の1価の有機基としては、炭化水素基、アミノ基、カルボキシ基、水酸基等が挙げられる。
炭化水素基としては、一般式(1)のR1の炭化水素基と同様のものが挙げられる。
トリアゾール骨格を有する化合物としては、1,2,4−トリアゾール、又は3−アミノ−1,2,4−トリアゾールが好ましい。テトラゾール骨格を有する化合物としては、5−アミノテトラゾールが好ましい。
また、膜の変色の観点から、(D)成分のpKaが14未満であることが好ましい。
本発明の感光性樹脂組成物は、シランカップリング剤(接着性増強剤として:以下、(E)成分という)、架橋剤(以下、(F)成分という)、溶解促進剤、溶解阻害剤、安定剤等を含んでもよい。
熱架橋剤の架橋しうる温度としては、感光性樹脂組成物が、塗布、乾燥、露光、現像の各工程で架橋が進行しないように、150℃以上であることが好ましい。
置換基としては、上記誘導置換基の任意の置換基と同様のものが挙げられる。
CH2=C(R20)−COOR21 (11)
式中、R20は水素原子又はメチル基を示し、R21は炭素数4〜20のアルキル基を示す。
このような溶解促進剤としては、例えば、メチレンビスフェノール、2,2−メチレンビス(4−メチルフェノール)、4,4−オキシビスフェノール、4,4−(1−メチルエチリデン)ビス(2−メチルフェノール)、4,4−(1−フェニルエチリデン)ビスフェノール、5,5−(1−メチルエチリデン)ビス(1,1−(ビフェニル)−2−オル)、4,4,4−エチリジントリスフェノール、2,6−ビス((2−ヒドロキシ−5−メチルフェニル)メチル)−4−メチルフェノール、4,4−(1−(4−(1−(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)−1−メチルエチル)フェニル)エチリデン)ビスフェノール、4,4−スルホニルジフェノール、(2−ヒドロキシ−5−メチル)−1,3−ベンゼンジメチロール、3,3−メチレンビス(2−ヒドロキシ−5−メチルベンゼンメタノール)、サリチル酸、マロン酸、グルタル酸、2,2−ジメチルグルタル酸、マレイン酸、ジグリコール酸、1,1−シクロブタンジカルボン酸、3,3−テトラメチレングルタル酸、1,3−シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸、1,4−シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸、1,3−アダマンタンジカルボン酸、1,2−フェニレンジオキシ二酢酸、1,3−フェニレン二酢酸、1,4−フェニレン二酢酸、テレフタル酸、イソフタル酸、4,4’−オキシジフェニルジカルボン酸、4,4−ビフェニルジカルボン酸、及び4−ヒドロキシベンゼンスルホン酸等が挙げられる。
これらの溶解促進剤は、単独で又は二種類以上を組み合わせて使用される。
溶解阻害剤を含有する場合の含有量は、感度と現像時間の許容幅の点から、(A)成分100質量部に対して0.01〜20質量部が好ましく、0.01〜15質量部がより好ましく、0.05〜10質量部がさらに好ましい。
また、本発明の感光性樹脂組成物は、例えば、90質量%以上、95質量%以上、98質量%以上、99質量%以上、99.5質量%以上、99.9質量%以上、又は100質量%が、(A)成分、(B)成分、(C)成分及び(D)成分、並びに(E)成分、(F)成分、溶解促進剤、溶解阻害剤及び安定剤からなる群から選択される1以上からなってもよい。
操作性の観点から、塗布された感光性樹脂組成物をホットプレート、オーブン等を用いた加熱(例えば、90〜150℃、1〜5分間)により乾燥し、使用することもできる。
塗布前に、支持基板を酢酸等で洗浄してもよい。
得られる感光性樹脂膜の膜厚は、5〜20μmが好ましい。
加熱時間は、20分間〜6時間が好ましく、30分間〜3時間がより好ましい。
多段階加熱を行ってもよい。
本発明の層間絶縁膜及び表面保護膜は、電子部品等に用いることができ、本発明の電子部品は、半導体装置等に使用することができる。前記半導体装置は、各種電子デバイス等に使用できる。
これにより、支持基板(特に銅基板、銅合金基板)に対し、優れた防錆効果及び接着効果を示し、硬化膜や支持基板(特に銅基板、銅合金基板)の変色を抑制することができる。
撹拌機、温度計を備えた0.2リットルのフラスコ中に、N−メチルピロリドン60gを入れ、2,2’−ビス(3−アミノ−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパン13.92g(38mmol)を添加し、撹拌溶解した。続いて、温度を0〜5℃に保ちながら、ドデカン二酸ジクロリド8.55g(32mmol)とジフェニルエーテルジカルボン酸ジクロリド2.36g(8mmol)をそれぞれ10分間ずつかけて加えた後、室温に戻し3時間撹拌を続けた。
測定装置:検出器 株式会社日立製作所社製L4000UV
ポンプ:株式会社日立製作所社製L6000
記録計:株式会社島津製作所社製C−R4A Chromatopac
測定条件:カラム Gelpack GL−S300MDT−5 ×2本
溶離液:THF(テトラヒドロフラン)/DMF(N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド)=1/1(容積比)
LiBr(0.03mol/L),H3PO4(0.06mol/L)
流速:1.0mL/min、検出器:UV270nm
ポリマー0.5mgに対して溶剤[THF/DMF=1/1(容積比)]1mLの溶液を用いて測定した。
撹拌機、温度計を備えた1.0リットルのフラスコ中に、4,4’−オキシジフタル酸二無水物62.0g(199.9mmol)、2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート5.2g(40.0mmol)及び触媒量の1,4−ジアザビシクロ[2.2.2.]オクタントリエチレンジアミンを250.0gのN−メチル−2−ピロリドン中に溶解して、45℃で1時間撹拌した後25℃まで冷却し、m−フェニレンジアミン5.5g(50.9mmol)、オキシジアニリン23.8g(118.9mmol)及び乾燥したN−メチル−2−ピロリドン100mLを加えた後、45℃で150分撹拌し、室温へ冷却した。
製造例1で得られたA−1、製造例2で得られたA−2、及び以下の(B)〜(F)成分を、表1に記載の配合量(質量部)で配合し、感光性樹脂組成物を調製した。
尚、表1において、(A)成分以外の成分の各欄において、各数値は、(A)成分100質量部に対する添加量(質量部)を示す。
C−1:γ−ブチロラクトン/プロピレングリコール1−モノメチルエーテル2−アセタート(9/1体積比)
C−2:γ−ブチロラクトン
C−3:N−メチル−2−ピロリドン
D−1:5−アミノテトラゾール
D−2:1,2,4−トリアゾール
得られた感光性樹脂組成物を、上記Cu基板上にスピンコートし、120℃で3分間加熱し、膜厚11〜12μmの樹脂膜を形成した。
この樹脂膜を、縦型拡散炉μ−TF(光洋サーモシステム株式会社製)を用いて、窒素雰囲気中、100℃で0.5時間、さらに、昇温して200℃で1時間、加熱処理し、膜厚10μmの硬化膜を得た。
得られた硬化膜について目視で外観を評価した。比較例1の硬化膜の色を変色したものとし、実施例1の硬化膜の色を変色しなかったものとし、変色の抑制を下記のように評価した。結果を表1に示す。
A:変色を抑制した
B:変色を抑制しなかった
得られた硬化膜に、クロスカットガイド(コーテック株式会社製)を用いて、カミソリで10×10の碁盤目の切り込みを入れて硬化膜を100個の小片に分割した。
そこに粘着テープ(スリーエムジャパン株式会社製)を貼り付け、粘着テープを剥がした。粘着テープを剥がす際に基板から剥離した硬化膜の小片の数により、接着性を下記のように評価した。結果を表1に示す。
A:剥離しなかった
B:1個以上剥離した
加速試験として、得られた硬化膜を、121℃、100RH(Relative Humidity)%、2atmで100時間処理した。処理後の硬化膜について、上述の接着性の評価と同様に評価した。結果を表1に示す。
尚、(接着性の評価)で結果が「B」であったものについては本評価を行わなかった。
この明細書に記載の文献及び本願のパリ優先の基礎となる日本出願明細書の内容を全てここに援用する。
Claims (8)
- 前記(A)成分が、ポリイミド前駆体、ポリベンゾオキサゾール前駆体、及びこれらの共重合体からなる群から選択される1以上である請求項1に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
- 前記(D)成分が、トリアゾール骨格又はテトラゾール骨格を有する化合物である請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の感光性樹脂組成物の硬化物。
- 請求項6に記載の硬化物を用いた層間絶縁膜又は表面保護膜。
- 請求項7に記載の層間絶縁膜又は請求項7に記載の表面保護膜を有する電子部品。
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