JPWO2015079918A1 - 変性ポリオレフィン含有水性分散体組成物 - Google Patents
変性ポリオレフィン含有水性分散体組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2015079918A1 JPWO2015079918A1 JP2015527713A JP2015527713A JPWO2015079918A1 JP WO2015079918 A1 JPWO2015079918 A1 JP WO2015079918A1 JP 2015527713 A JP2015527713 A JP 2015527713A JP 2015527713 A JP2015527713 A JP 2015527713A JP WO2015079918 A1 JPWO2015079918 A1 JP WO2015079918A1
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Abstract
Description
本発明で用いる変性ポリオレフィン(A)は、特に限定されないが、酸変性ポリオレフィン(A1)および/または酸変性塩素化ポリオレフィン(A2)であることが好ましい。
本発明で用いる塩基性物質(B)は、変性ポリオレフィン(A)の酸性基(カルボキシル基)を中和させ、変性ポリオレフィン(A)の分散性を向上させることができる。
本発明に用いるアニオン性基含有水溶性高分子(C)は、水性分散体組成物中の変性ポリオレフィン(A)の粒子表面の電荷を低減することができる。これにより、水性分散体組成物中の変性ポリオレフィン固形分30質量%のときの粘度を500mPa・s以下の範囲で一定にすることができる。
本発明に用いる電解質(D)は、水に溶解して、陽イオンと陰イオンに電離し導電性を示すものをいう。電解質を用いることにより、水性分散体組成物中の変性ポリオレフィン(A)の粒子表面の電荷を低減することができ、これにより、水性分散体組成物中の変性ポリオレフィン固形分30質量%のときの粘度を500mPa・s以下の範囲で一定にすることができる。電解質(D)は、特に限定されないが、例えば、クエン酸、イソクエン酸、リンゴ酸、ロイシン酸、メバロン酸、パイトイン酸、リシノール酸、リシネライジン酸、セレブロン酸、キナ酸、シキミ酸、乳酸、酒石酸、シトラマル酸、ヒドロキシ酪酸、グリコール酸、タルトロン酸、グリセリン酸等の脂肪族ヒドロキシ酸;サリチル酸、クレオソート酸、バニリン酸、シリング酸、ピロカテク酸、レソルシル酸、プロトカテク酸、ゲンチジン酸、オルセリン酸、没食子酸、マンデル酸、ベンジン酸、アトロラクチン酸、メリロト酸、フロレト酸、クマル酸、ウンベル酸、コーヒー酸、フェルラ酸、シナピン酸等の芳香族ヒドロキシ酸;塩化リチウム、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化マグネシウム、塩化カルシウム、臭化ナトリウム、臭化カリウム、臭化マグネシウム、臭化カルシウム、ヨウ化ナトリウム、ヨウ化カルシウム等のハロゲン化アルカリ(土類)金属塩;が挙げられる。この中でも、クエン酸、イソクエン酸、塩化ナトリウムが好ましい。これら、電解質(D)を単独でまたは2種以上を併用して使用することができる。
本発明の水性分散体組成物は、前記変性ポリオレフィン(A)および塩基性物質(B)を含有し、さらにアニオン性基含有水溶性高分子(C)および電解質(D)の少なくとも一方を含有する混合物である。
本発明の積層体は、本発明の接着剤で接着されたポリオレフィン基材と、樹脂基材、金属基材または木基材との積層体をいう。樹脂基材としては、特に限定されないが、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリエステル、ポリオレフィン、ポリアミド、ポバールまたはポリウレタン等の樹脂シートまたは樹脂フィルムが挙げられる。また、金属基材としては、特に限定されないが、アルミニウム、SUS、銅、鉄、亜鉛等の各種金属、及びそれぞれの合金、めっき品等の金属板、金属箔が挙げられる。
本発明の水性分散体組成物中の変性ポリオレフィン固形分30質量%のときの粘度は、ブルックフィールド型粘度計を用いて25℃の溶液の粘度をローター回転数60rpmで測定して評価する。
(評価基準)
◎(実用上特に優れる):200mPa・s以下
○(実用上優れる):200mPa・sを超えて300mPa・s以下
△(実用可能):300mPa・sを超えて500mPa・s以下
×(実用不可能):500mPa・sを超えるか、ゲル化により粘度測定不可
水性分散体組成物を含有する塗料、インキ、シール剤、プライマーまたは接着剤は、基材等に塗布するために、粘性調整剤を配合して一定の粘性を発現させる必要がある。このとき、電解質等の電荷低減剤が粘性調整剤の効果を阻害することがある。そのため、電荷低減剤による粘性調整剤への影響を評価した。具体的には、アニオン性基含有水溶性高分子および/または電解質(電荷低減剤)添加前後の水性分散体組成物に粘性調整剤を添加して粘度を測定し、下記式により評価する。
(評価基準)
ηd=電荷低減剤添加後の粘度/電荷低減剤添加前の粘度
◎(実用上特に優れる):ηd=0.9以上
○(実用上優れる):ηd=0.7以上、0.9未満
△(実用可能):ηd=0.5以上、0.7未満
×(実用不可能):ηd=0.5未満
本発明の水性分散体組成物を含有する塗料、インキ、シール剤またはプライマーとしての評価は、塗膜サンプルを作製し、その接着性および耐水性によって評価した。
水性分散体組成物に成膜助剤および濡れ剤を添加してプライマー塗料模擬液(フラッシュプライマーとも言う)を作製する。フラッシュプライマーを基材1(ポリプロピレン板)にバーコーターで乾燥後の膜厚が10μmとなるように塗布する。塗布面を温風乾燥機で80℃雰囲気下10分間予備乾燥させた後、二液ウレタン塗料をスプレーガンで塗布し、温風乾燥機で約80℃雰囲気下約35分間乾燥させて塗膜サンプルを得る。
前記塗膜サンプルを25℃雰囲気下で36時間静置後、塗装面にカッターナイフにて1mm間隔で100個の碁盤目を作り、その上にセロハン粘着テープを密着させて60°の角度で引き剥がす。新しいセロハン粘着テープを使用して引き剥がしを10回繰り返す。10回繰り返しても塗装面に変化がなかった場合を10点、10回目で剥がれが生じた場合は9点、以下8,7,6点となり1回目で剥がれが生じた場合を0点とした。
(評価基準)
○(実用上優れる):10点
△(実用可能):9点
×(実用不可能):8点以下
前記塗膜サンプルを25℃雰囲気下で36時間静置後、40℃の温水に10日間浸漬させた。塗膜サンプルの変化を確認した後、接着性の評価を実施した。塗膜サンプルに変化が無く、接着性の評価で10点となった場合を良好で○とした。塗膜サンプルに変化が無く、接着性の評価で9点となった場合を△とした。塗膜サンプルにブリスターが発生したり、接着性の評価で8点以下となった場合を不良で×とした。
本発明の水性分散体組成物を含有する接着剤としての評価は、積層体サンプルを作製し、その接着性によって評価した。
水性分散体組成物をポリオレフィン基材にバーコーターを用いて乾燥後の水性分散体組成物層の膜厚が3μmになるように調整して塗布する。塗布面を温風乾燥機で約80℃雰囲気下約10分間乾燥させる。前記水性分散体組成物層表面に金属基材を重ね合わせ、約120℃、約0.1MPaで約2分間熱圧着することで積層体を得る。
ASTM−D1876−61の試験法に準拠し、オリエンテックコーポレーション社製のテンシロンRTM−100を用いて、25℃環境下で、引張速度50mm/分における剥離強度を測定する。金属基材/ポリオレフィン基材間の剥離強度(N/cm)は5回の試験値の平均値とする。
(評価基準)
◎(実用上特に優れる):8N/cm以上
○(実用上優れる):7N/cm以上8N/cm未満
△(実用可能):6N/cm以上7N/cm未満
×(実用不可能):6N/cm未満
1Lオートクレーブに、プロピレン−ブテン共重合体(三井化学社製「タフマー(登録商標)XM7080」)100質量部、トルエン300質量部及び無水マレイン酸25質量部を入れ、120℃まで昇温した後、ジ−tert−ブチルパーオキサイド8質量部を加え、1時間撹拌した。その後、得られた反応液を冷却後、多量のメチルエチルケトンが入った容器に注ぎ、樹脂を析出させた。その後、当該樹脂を含有する液を遠心分離することにより、無水マレイン酸がグラフト重合した酸変性プロピレン−ブテン共重合体とグラフトしていない無水マレイン酸および低分子量物とを分離、精製した。その後、減圧下70℃で5時間乾燥させることにより、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン−ブテン共重合体(PO−1、無水マレイン酸の変性量2.0質量%、重量平均分子量50,000)を得た。
無水マレイン酸の仕込み量を15質量部に変更した以外は製造例1と同様にすることにより、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン−ブテン共重合体(PO−2、無水マレイン酸の変性量1.0質量%、重量平均分子量80,000)を得た。
無水マレイン酸の仕込み量を21質量部に変更した以外は製造例1と同様にすることにより、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン−ブテン共重合体(PO−3、無水マレイン酸の変性量1.5質量%、重量平均分子量70,000)を得た。
撹拌機を取り付けた1Lオートクレーブに、プロピレン−エチレン共重合体(230℃雰囲気下のMFR=5g/10分)100質量部、トルエン150質量部及び無水マレイン酸20質量部、ジ−tert−ブチルパーオキサイド5質量部を加え、140℃まで昇温した後、更に3時間撹拌した。その後、得られた反応液を冷却後、多量のメチルエチルケトンが入った容器に注ぎ、樹脂を析出させた。その後、当該樹脂を含有する液を遠心分離することにより、無水マレイン酸がグラフト重合した酸変性プロピレン−エチレン共重合体と(ポリ)無水マレイン酸および低分子量物とを分離、精製した。その後、減圧下70℃で5時間乾燥させることにより、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン−エチレン共重合体を得た。次いで、2Lのグラスライニング製反応缶に、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン−エチレン共重合体を100質量部、クロロホルムを1700質量部入れ密閉にした。反応缶内の液を撹拌して分散しながら加温し、缶内温度120℃で1時間溶解した。缶内温度を110℃まで冷却した後に、t−ブチルパーオキシ−2−エチルヘキサエノエートを0.5質量部添加し、塩素を70質量部導入した。缶内温度を60℃まで冷却し、クロロホルム1400質量部を留去した後に、安定剤としてp−t−ブチルフェニルグリシジルエーテルを4質量部添加した。その後、乾燥することにより、無水マレイン酸変性塩素化プロピレン−エチレン共重合体(CPO−1、無水マレイン酸の変性量2.5質量%、塩素含有率20質量%、重量平均分子量80,000)を得た。
無水マレイン酸の仕込み量を9質量部、ジ−tert−ブチルパーオキサイドの仕込み量を3質量部、塩素の導入量を160質量部に変更した以外は製造例4と同様にすることにより、無水マレイン酸変性塩素化プロピレン−エチレン共重合体(CPO−2、無水マレイン酸の変性量0.8質量%、塩素含有率40質量%、重量平均分子量100,000)を得た。
無水マレイン酸の仕込み量を35質量部、ジ−tert−ブチルパーオキサイドの仕込み量を6質量部、塩素の導入量を10質量部に変更した以外は製造例4と同様にすることにより、無水マレイン酸変性塩素化プロピレン−エチレン共重合体(CPO−3、無水マレイン酸の変性量3.0質量%、塩素含有率15質量%、重量平均分子量70,000)を得た。
イオン交換水を210質量部、PO−1を100質量部、テトラヒドロフランを110質量部、イソプロピルアルコールを45質量部、およびトルエンを55質量部、撹拌機付きフラスコに入れ、70℃に昇温した後、同温度で1時間、加熱溶解した。次に、N,N−ジメチルエタノールアミン3.6質量部(2化学当量)を添加し、1時間かけて徐々に40℃まで冷却した後、約10kPa(絶対圧力)の減圧度で有機溶剤を留去し、白濁した水性分散体組成物(a1−1)を得た。この水性分散体組成物にジョンクリル(登録商標)PDX−6137Aを5質量部(固形分)添加して、水性分散体組成物(a2−1)を得た。水性分散体組成物(a2−1)の固形分濃度は30質量%、25℃での粘度は64mPa・s、pHは9.0、平均粒子径は92nmであった。
水性分散体組成物(a1−1)、(a2−1)と同様にして、組成が表1〜4に示される水性分散体組成物(a1−1)〜(a1−28)、(a2−1)〜(a2−28)を得た。物性等を表1〜4に示す。
ビーカーに水性分散体組成物(a1−1)100質量部を採取し、ホモディスパーで撹拌しながらアルカリ膨潤型粘度調整剤(プライマル(登録商標)ASE60、ローム・アンド・ハース社製)8質量部を徐々に滴下して、10分間撹拌した。撹拌後、25℃の恒温槽に一晩静置し、ホモディスパーで再度撹拌し、ブルックフィールド型粘度計で粘度を測定した。水性分散体組成物(a1−2)〜(a1−28)、(a2−1)〜(a2−28)も(a−1)と同様に測定した。結果を表1〜4に示す。
水性分散体組成物(a2−1)100重量部に成膜助剤(ブチルセロソルブ)10重量部および濡れ剤(エンバイロジェム(登録商標)AD01、日信化学工業(株)製)1重量部を添加してフラッシュプライマーを作製した。フラッシュプライマーをポリプロピレン板((株)矢島製作所製)にバーコーターを用いて塗布した。塗布面を温風乾燥機で80℃雰囲気下10分間予備乾燥させた後、二液ウレタン塗料をスプレーガンで塗布し、温風乾燥機で80℃雰囲気下35分間乾燥させて塗膜サンプル1を得た。塗膜サンプル2〜28についても塗膜サンプル1と同様に、水性分散体組成物(a2−2)〜(a2−28)を用いて作製した。
前記塗膜サンプル1を25℃雰囲気下で36時間静置後、塗装面にカッターナイフにて1mm間隔で100個の碁盤目を作り、その上にセロハン粘着テープを密着させて60°の角度で引き剥がす。新しいセロハン粘着テープを使用して引き剥がしを10回繰り返す。10回繰り返しても塗装面に変化がなかった場合を10点とし、10回目で剥がれが生じた場合は9点、以下8,7,6点となり1回目で剥がれが生じた場合を0点とした。塗膜サンプル2〜28も塗膜サンプル1と同様に測定した。結果を表1〜4に示す。
前記塗膜サンプル1を25℃雰囲気下で36時間静置後、40℃の温水に10日間浸漬させた。塗膜の変化を確認した後、接着性の評価を実施した。塗膜に変化が無く、接着性の評価で10点となった場合を良好で○とした。塗膜に変化が無く、接着性の評価で9点となった場合を△とした。塗膜にブリスターが発生したり、接着性の評価で8点以下となった場合を不良で×とした。塗膜サンプル2〜28も塗膜サンプル1と同様に測定した。結果を表1〜4に示す。
水性分散体組成物(a2−1)100質量部に成膜助剤(ブチルセロソルブ)10重量部および濡れ剤(エンバイロジェム(登録商標)AD01、日信化学工業(株)製)1重量部を添加して、接着剤1を作製した。接着剤1を無延伸ポリプロピレンフィルム(東洋紡社製パイレン(登録商標)フィルムCT、厚さ40μm)にバーコーターを用いて乾燥後の接着剤層の膜厚が3μmになるように調整して塗布した。塗布面を温風乾燥機で80℃雰囲気下10分間乾燥させ、前記接着剤層表面にアルミニウム箔(住軽アルミ箔社製、8079−0、厚さ40μm)を重ね合わせ、120℃、0.1MPaで2分間熱圧着することで積層体サンプル1を得た。積層体サンプル2〜28についても積層体サンプル1と同様に、水性分散体組成物(a2−2)〜(a2−28)を用いて作製した。
ASTM−D1876−61の試験法に準拠し、オリエンテックコーポレーション社製のテンシロンRTM−100を用いて、25℃環境下で、引張速度50mm/分における積層体サンプル1の剥離強度を測定した。積層体サンプル2〜28も積層体サンプル1と同様に測定した。結果を表1〜4に示す。
アニオン性基含有水溶性高分子(c−1):ジョンクリル(登録商標)PDX−6137A(スチレン−アクリルモノマー共重合物)、不揮発分28.0重量%、固形分酸価240mgKOH/g-resin、重量平均分子量16,500、BASF社製。
アニオン性基含有水溶性高分子(c−2):ジョンクリル(登録商標)57J(スチレン−アクリルモノマー共重合物)、不揮発分37.0重量%、固形分酸価215mgKOH/g-resin、重量平均分子量4,900、BASF製。
アニオン性基含有水溶性高分子(c−3):ジョンクリル(登録商標)HPD−196(スチレン−アクリルモノマー共重合物)、不揮発分36.0重量%、固形分酸価200mgKOH/g-resin、重量平均分子量9,200、BASF製。
アニオン性基含有水溶性高分子(c−4):ジョンクリル(登録商標)52J(スチレン−アクリルモノマー共重合物)、不揮発分60.0重量%、固形分酸価238mgKOH/g-resin、重量平均分子量1,700、BASF製。
アニオン性基含有水溶性高分子(c−5):ジョンクリル(登録商標)JDX−6500(スチレン−アクリルモノマー共重合物)、不揮発分29.5重量%、固形分酸価85mgKOH/g-resin、重量平均分子量10,000、BASF製。
Claims (6)
- 変性ポリオレフィン(A)および塩基性物質(B)を含有し、さらに酸価が150〜500mgKOH/g-resinであるアニオン性基含有水溶性高分子(C)および電解質(D)の少なくとも一方を含有する水性分散体組成物。
- 変性ポリオレフィン(A)が、酸変性ポリオレフィン(A1)および/または酸変性塩素化ポリオレフィン(A2)である請求項1に記載の水生分散体組成物。
- 変性ポリオレフィン(A)100質量部に対して、塩基性物質(B)を0.5〜10質量部含有し、アニオン性基含有水溶性高分子(C)と電解質(D)の合計量を0.1〜20質量部含有する請求項1に記載の水性分散体組成物。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の水性分散体組成物を含有する塗料、インキ、シール剤、プライマーまたは接着剤。
- 請求項4に記載の接着剤で接着されたポリオレフィン基材と、樹脂基材または金属基材との積層体。
- 請求項4に記載の塗料で塗装されたポリオレフィン基材。
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