JPWO2012102348A1 - Ti3SiC2質材料、電極、スパークプラグ、及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
Ti3SiC2質材料、電極、スパークプラグ、及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
(実施例1、3〜12、比較例1〜4)
チタニウム源として、金属チタン粉末を用いた。珪素源として、炭化珪素粉末を用いた。炭素源として、炭化珪素粉末、炭素粉末(炭化珪素粉末で不足する分)を用いた。アルミニウム源として、金属アルミ粉末を用いた。これらの原料を表1に記載の原料混合比(質量%)で混合した。また、原料に含まれる元素の割合を元素比として記載した。混合は、乳鉢中で、乳棒を用いて10分間行った。当該混合粉末を約20g秤量し、直径35mm、厚さ10mmにプレス成形した。
原料は、実施例1と同じものを用いて、表1に記載の原料混合比(質量%)で混合した。原料の混合を異なる方法にて行った。すなわち、ポットにナイロン製(鉄心入り)の玉石を入れ、溶媒にIPAを用いて4時間ポットミル混合した。混合粉末をエバポレータにて乾燥し、#30メッシュにて篩通しした。当該混合粉末を約20g秤量し、直径35mm、厚さ10mmにプレス成形した。
(実施例1〜8、比較例1〜3)
プレス成形によって得られた成形体を、Ar雰囲気中1600℃で4時間、プレス圧210kg/cm2でホットプレスして焼結体(試料)を得た。
プレス成形によって得られた成形体を、Ar雰囲気中1000℃で4時間、プレス圧210kg/cm2でホットプレスした。その後、さらに温度を1600℃とし、4時間ホットプレスして焼結体(試料)を得た。
プレス成形によって得られた成形体を、Ar雰囲気中1000℃で4時間、プレス圧210kg/cm2でホットプレスした。その後、さらに温度を1675℃とし、4時間ホットプレスして焼結体(試料)を得た。
比較例5は、市販されているスパークプラグ用の中心電極のNi合金である。
得られた焼結体(試料)のX線回折パターンをθ−2θ法により測定した。X線回折は、X線回折装置(株式会社リガク製)を用いて、Cu−Kαを線源とした。X線回折パターンのTi3SiC2のメインピークとその他の結晶相のピークの強度比から、それぞれの結晶相の量(質量%)を算出した。
開気孔率は、焼結体(試料)をアルキメデス法により測定することにより算出した。
曲げ強度は、焼結体(試料)を4点曲げ強度測定(JIS R1601)によって測定した。
焼結体(試料)を、示差走査熱量測定(DSC)により測定した比熱、レーザーフラッシュ法により測定した熱拡散係数、アルキメデス法により測定した密度から算出した(JIS R1611)。
焼結体(試料)を4端子法により測定した(JIS R1650−2)。
焼結体(試料)約0.5〜1.5g(表面積1.6〜3.2cm2)を、アルミナ角箱に入れ、大気圧下で1000℃、5時間保持し、その酸化皮膜厚さをSEMにより観察、測定した。
焼結体(試料)を直径0.6mm、長さ15〜20mmに加工したものを陽極とし、SUS304を陰極として使用した。具体的には、SUS304の陰極に対して、加工した焼結体を45度の角度で対向させて陽極とし、陰−陽極間距離を5mmに設定した。そして、100kVの電源を用いて、常温・大気圧下でアーク放電させた。電源の電流値を0.15Aで5分間の放電を行い、アーク放電箇所を光学顕微鏡を用いて観察し、消耗の有無を確認した。アーク放電による消耗がない場合は、1次側の電流値を0.05A増加させて更に5分間の放電を行い、光学顕微鏡観察を実施した。このサイクル(放電→光学顕微鏡観察)を消耗が開始するまで繰り返した。一次側の電流値を変化させ、消耗が開始したときの電流値をアーク消耗開始電流値とした。また、電源の電流値を0.45Aで5分間の放電を行い、このときの元の形状から削れて消耗した径を消耗量とし、放電時間で割ることでアーク消耗速度を算出した。
アーク消耗速度が20μm/min以下のものを◎、21〜30μm/minのものを○、31μm/min以上のものを×として評価し、表に記載した。
絶縁碍子の主成分(アルミナ)とTi3SiC2緻密体を共焼し、これらが接合可能かを調べた。また、絶縁碍子の主成分(アルミナ)とNi合金とを共焼した。接合可能であったものを○、接合できなかったものを×として表2に記載した。
Claims (17)
- 主相がTi3SiC2であり、TiC含有率が0.5質量%以下、開気孔率が0.5%以下であるTi3SiC2質材料。
- 前記主相のTi3SiC2のSiを、Alに0〜30mol%置換した請求項1に記載のTi3SiC2質材料。
- Ti5Si3含有量が8質量%以下である請求項1または2に記載のTi3SiC2質材料。
- SiC含有量が5質量%以下である請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のTi3SiC2質材料。
- TiSi2含有量が3質量%以下である請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のTi3SiC2質材料。
- 熱伝導率が25W/mK以上である請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のTi3SiC2質材料。
- 曲げ強度が200MPa以上である請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のTi3SiC2質材料。
- 熱膨張率が7〜9ppm/Kである請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のTi3SiC2質材料。
- 体積抵抗率が1×10−4Ω・cm以下である請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のTi3SiC2質材料。
- 大気圧下、1000℃で5時間保持した時に形成される酸化皮膜厚が40μm以下である請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載のTi3SiC2質材料。
- 請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載のTi3SiC2質材料を用いた電極。
- 請求項11に記載の電極を用いて形成されたスパークプラグ。
- 原料として、チタニウム源を68.0〜73.5質量%、珪素源を14.0〜19.0質量%、炭素源11.0〜14.0質量%の質量割合で混合し、
得られた原料混合粉末を成形し、その後、それを焼成するTi3SiC2質材料の製造方法。 - 原料として、チタニウム源を68.0〜73.5質量%、珪素源を9.0〜19.0質量%、アルミニウム源を0〜5.0質量%、炭素源を11.0〜14.0質量%の質量割合で混合し、
得られた原料混合粉末を成形し、その後、それを焼成するTi3SiC2質材料の製造方法。 - 得られた前記原料混合粉末を成形した後に、
真空またはAr雰囲気中で600〜1400℃で0.5〜20時間、第一の焼成を行い、
続いて前記第一の焼成よりも高い1000〜1750℃で0.5〜20時間、第二の焼成を行う請求項13または14に記載のTi3SiC2質材料の製造方法。 - 前記第一の焼成、及び前記第二の焼成は、ホットプレスによる焼成であり、プレス圧は50〜450kg/cm2である請求項13〜15のいずれか1項に記載のTi3SiC2質材料の製造方法。
- 請求項11に記載の電極を絶縁碍子成形体中に埋設し、これらを焼成することにより、前記絶縁碍子成形体を絶縁碍子とし、同時に前記電極と前記絶縁碍子とを接合するスパークプラグの製造方法。
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