JPH0380889B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0380889B2 JPH0380889B2 JP61301126A JP30112686A JPH0380889B2 JP H0380889 B2 JPH0380889 B2 JP H0380889B2 JP 61301126 A JP61301126 A JP 61301126A JP 30112686 A JP30112686 A JP 30112686A JP H0380889 B2 JPH0380889 B2 JP H0380889B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pitch
- fiber
- temperature
- weight
- softening point
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 claims description 149
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011301 petroleum pitch Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007701 flash-distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010692 aromatic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011294 coal tar pitch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011302 mesophase pitch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000194 supercritical-fluid extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012296 anti-solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020335 dealkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006900 dealkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013627 low molecular weight specie Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000399 optical microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Working-Up Tar And Pitch (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
Description
ç£æ¥äžã®å©çšåéïŒ
æ¬çºæã¯ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒã®è£œé æ¹æ³ã«é¢ã
ãã ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒåã³ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ã
ãŒäžŠã³ã«ãããããã€ãã€ãã³ã³ããžããã¯è»œé
èªç©ºæ©ãå®å®æ§é ç©ãèªåè»éšåãã¹ããŒã¹çšå ·
ã®ãããªåºæ±ãªå¿çšã«æŒããŠå¢å€§ããçšéãèŠåº
ãã€ã€ãããééãããã®é«åŒ·åºŠæ¯ã®ããã«ãã
ããã³ã³ããžããã®çšéã¯ããã«å¢ããããšãå°
æ¥æåŸ ãããã 代衚çã«ã¯ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãŸãã¯ã°ã©ãã¢
ã€ããŒã®è£œé ã«æŒãŠã¯ãççŽ è³ªç©è³ªã溶èããæ £
çšã®çŽ¡ç³žæè¡ã«ãã€ãŠç³žãŸãã¯ãã€ã©ã¡ã³ãã«çŽ¡
糞ãããã®åŸããã€ã©ã¡ã³ããã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ã
ãŒãŸãã¯ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ããŒãžè»¢åãããã
æ £ç¿çã«ã¯ã玡糞ãã€ã©ã¡ã³ãã¯é žåé°å²æ°äžã®
ç±åŠçã«ãã€ãŠå®å®åãããªãã¡ãäžèæ§ãšãªã
ãããã®åŸãäžæŽ»æ§é°å²æ°äžã§ããé«æž©ãžå ç±ã
ãŠãããã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãŸãã¯ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ã
ãã¢ã€ããŒãžè»¢åããã åŸæ¥æè¡ïŒ åŸæ¥ã®æè¡ã¯ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãŸãã¯ã°ã©ã
ã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ããŒã補é ããã®ã«å©çšã§ããå€ã
ã®åçš®ççŽ è³ªç©è³ªïŒãšãã«ã¯ãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœãš
ãã¶ïŒãé瀺ããŠãããããããäºã€ã®æãé¡è
ãªåæ¥çæ¹æ³ã¯ã¡ãœããšãŒãºããããããã¯ããª
ã¢ã¯ãªããããªã«ãæ¡çšããŠããããã®ãããªç©
質ã®äœ¿çšã«ããé«åŒ·åºŠã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ããŒã
補é ããããšãã§ããã ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãŸãã¯ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€
ããŒãåæ¥çå¿çšã«æŒãŠããåºãåã容ãããã
ã«ã¯ãæ¹åãããããçµæžçãªãã¢ã€ããŒãéçº
ãããã°ãªããªããäžã€ã®é¡èãªè£œé ã³ã¹ãã¯ã
ã¢ã€ããŒãã€ããããäŸçµŠåæã®è£œé ããã¢ã€ã
ãŒã®çŽ¡ç³žãåã³ããã¢ã€ããŒã®å®å®åãšãã®åŸã®
æçµçæç©ãžã®è»¢åãã®ã³ã¹ããã§ããã æ¯èŒçé«äŸ¡ã§æ§é çã«é«æ§èœã®ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ãã
ã¢ã€ããŒãã¡ãœããšãŒãºããããã補é ããéã«
ã¯ãæãèããã³ã¹ãã®äžã€ã¯ã¡ãœããšãŒãºãã
ãã®è£œé ã³ã¹ãã§ããããããŠãã®æ¹æ³ã¯éåžžã¯
æ £çšã®ããããææž©äžã§æ°æéã«ããã€ãŠå ç±ã
ãããšãå¿ èŠãšãããäŸãã°ãã«ã€ã¹ãã®ç±³åœç¹
èš±æ现æžç¬¬3967729å·ãã·ã³ã¬ãŒã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现
æžç¬¬4005183å·ãåã³ã·ãŠã«ãã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æž
第4014725å·ã«æŒãŠãã¡ãœããšãŒãºãããã®è£œé
ã¯ã¯ããã®äŸçµŠåæãé·æéææž©ãžå ç±ããããš
ãå¿ èŠãšããŠãããæããã«ããã®ãããªæ¹æ³ã¯
æéããããã³ã¹ãããããããŸããã¡ãœããšãŒ
ãºãããã¯ç²åºŠãè¿ éã«äžãã玡糞ã«äžé©åœãšãª
ãã®ã§ãããç¹å®æéå ç±ããããšã«æ³šæãæã
ãã°ãªããªãã ããªã¢ã¯ãªããããªã«ããã®ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢
ã€ããŒãŸãã¯ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒã®è£œé ã¯ãŸãã
ã®å·¥çšã«æŒãŠæ¯èŒçé«äŸ¡ãªäŸçµŠåæã䜿çšããã
äžè¬çã«ã¯ãããªã¢ã¯ãªããããªã«ããã®ãã¢ã€
ããŒè£œé ã®ç·ã³ã¹ãã¯ã¡ãœããšãŒãºãããããã«
ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãŸãã¯ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ããŒ
ã補é ããã³ã¹ãã«ã»ãŒçãããšèããããŠã
ãããããã®æ¹æ³ã«ãã€ãŠããã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢
ã€ããŒã®æçµã³ã¹ãã¯çŸåšãã³ãããã15ãã«ã
ã50ãã«ã§ããã ããªã¢ã¯ãªããããªã«ãŸãã¯ã¡ãœããšãŒãºãã
ãããã€ããããåæ¥çãã¢ã€ããŒã®å€§éšåã¯ã
ãšã§ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ããŒãžè»¢åããããã¢ã€
ããŒã§ãã€ããã°ã©ãã¢ã€ãå枩床ã®ããã«ãã«
ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒè£œé ã«èŠãã枩床ãããããã
é«ããšããŠããã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ããŒã¯ã«ãŒã
ã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãã補é ã³ã¹ãããã€ãšé«ãããã
ããã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ããŒã®ããæ©æ¢°ç匷床ã¯
äžè¬ã«ã¯ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãããããããŠã
ãã éå»ã«æŒãŠã¯ãããããã¡ãœããšãŒãºç¶æ ãžãŸ
ã転åãããããšãªãã«ãããç©è³ªããã«ãŒãã³
ãã¢ã€ããŒã補é ããè©Šã¿ããªããããåçš®ã®ç
ç±ã§ããããã®è©Šã¿ã¯å šãæåãããçŸåšã§ãã
éã¡ãœããšãŒãºãããææããäžéçæ©æ¢°æ§è³ªã
ãã€äœã³ã¹ãã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãäŸãã°ã¢ã¹ã
ã¹ã代æ¿åžå Žã®ããã«ã€ããåæ¥çã«çµæžçãªæ¹
æ³ã¯ããã®å¿ èŠæ§ãååšããŠããã ãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœã®æãŸããç¹æ§ãšæãŸãããª
ãç¹æ§ã¯åŸæ¥ã®æè¡ã«æŒãŠé瀺ãããŠãããäŸã
ã°ããã©ãŒãã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3959448å·ã¯ã³
ãŒã«ã¿ãŒã«ãããã®è»åç¹ãäžãããšå®å®åæé
ãçãããåŸãããšã瀺ããŠããããããä»éã
ãæ¬ ç¹ãèªããããããªãã¡ã200â以äžã®è»å
ç¹ããã€ã³ãŒã«ã¿ãŒã«ããããããã¢ã€ããŒã玡
糞ããããšã¯ããããŠå°é£ã§ãããäŸãã°ãã¿ãŒ
ããŒãã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3767741å·ãèŠããã
ããåæ§ã«ããããããã€ãã€ãã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€
ããŒã®åæ±ãã¯æ¯èŒçå°é£ã§ãããäŸãã°ããã
ã©ãã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3639953å·ãèŠããããã ãªãŒã¿ããã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3629379å·ã¯é«
ç空èžæºãšçµåãããææž©äžã§ã®ç±åŠçã®äœ¿çšã
åã³ãåå¿æŽ»æ§çš®ïŒããŒãªããµã€ããããã²ã³å
éå±ããªã©ïŒã®æ··åç©ãšçµåãããææž©äžã§ã®å
ç±åŠçãè¡ãªã€ãŠæº¶è玡糞ãŸãã¯é å¿çŽ¡ç³žã«é©ã
ãããããã€ããããšãæããŠãããå ç±åŠçå·¥
çšã¯çŽïŒæéã§ãããèžæºå·¥çšã¯çŽïŒæéã§ã
ãããã¹ãŠã®æäœã¯é£ç¶åŒã§ãªãåååŒã§ããã
ãªãŒã¿ãã¯ãŸãèèªéæåãæžãããŠçåäžã®ã¬
ã¹æŸæ£ãå¶éããããšã®æãŸãããåã³äžèšåŒçš
ã®åå¿æŽ»æ§çš®ãçšããŠçåçšããããã¢ã€ããŒã
ã€ããã®ã«èŠããå®å®åæéãæžããããšãæã
ãŠããã è»åç¹ã®ã»ãã«ããããææã®ãã®ä»ã®æ§è³ªã
éèŠã§ãããäŸãã°ãäžçŽç©åã³ç²ç¶ç©ã®ååšã
ååéåã³ååéç¯å²ãåã³è³éŠææ§åºŠãã§ã
ãããŸãããããææã®ååŠççµæã¯ãç¹ã«çå
åã®ãã¢ã€ããŒã®å®å®åã«é¢ãããããéèŠã§ã
ããå®éã«ãåçš®ã®æ·»å å€åã³ä»ã®ææ³ã¯ãè¿ é
ãã€å®¹æã«å®å®åããåŸãããããã¢ã€ããŒãæ
äŸããããã«ããããææãžã®æ·»å ã«é¢ããŠåŸæ¥
æè¡ã«ç€ºãããŠãããäŸãã°ããŒã«ãã®æ¬§å·ç¹èš±
åºé¡80400136ïŒ28ã»01ã»80ç»é²ïŒãããŒã«ãã®ãã«
ãŒãã³ã第16å·»ã439â444é ïŒãã«ã¬ã¢ã³ ãã¬
ã¹ç€Ÿã1979幎ïŒãåã³ãªãŒã¿ãã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æž
第3629379å·ãèŠããããã ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ããŒè£œé ã«äœ¿çšããããã®
ã¡ãœããšãŒãºè£œé ãæåããåŸæ¥æè¡ã®å€ãã®ã
ã®ã®å å ¥äž»ãšå¯Ÿç §çã«ãæ¬çºæã¯ã¯ããã«äœãã³
ã¹ãã§ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãžè¿ éã«å å·¥ã§ããã€
ã¢ã¹ãã¹ããçŸåšäœ¿çšãããŠããå€ãã®å¿çšã«æŒ
ãŠäœ¿çšããããšãå¯èœãšãããããããäžéçæ§
質ããã€ãéã¡ãœããšãŒãºã®è³éŠæåã®å€ããã
ãã®è£œé ããæ¬çºæã¯æåããŠããã çºæã解決ããããšããåé¡ç¹ïŒ æ¬çºæã®äžã€ã®éèŠãªç®çã¯ãé«äŸ¡ãªã¡ãœããš
ãŒãºããããçæãããããšãªããæ £çšã®è³éŠæ
åã®å€ãç³æ²¹èªå°ãããããã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒ
ã補é ããçµæžçã«å¯èœãªæ¹æ³ãæäŸããããšã§
ãããæ¬çºæã®ããäžã€ã®éèŠãªç®çã¯ã容æã«
å®å®åã§ããã€é«åŒ·åºŠã³ã³ããžããã®äœ¿çšã«é©ã
ãã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒã圢æããããçåãåŸã
é«ãåå¿ããã€ãæ¹åãããé«è»åç¹ã®ãããªã
ã¡ã249âïŒ480ãïŒãŸãã¯ãã以äžã奜ãŸããã¯
266âïŒ510ãïŒãŸãã¯ãã以äžã®è»åç¹ã®è³éŠæ
åã®å€ãç³æ²¹èªå°ããããæäŸããããšã§ããã
ããäžã€ã®ç®çã¯ã¢ã¹ãã¹ã眮æåã®ã«ãŒãã³ã
ã¢ã€ããŒãæäŸããããšã§ãããããäžã€ã®éèŠ
ãªç®çã¯ããããããé«æž©è»åç¹ç©è³ªãžããããŠ
çæéã®èžæºæéã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒç§ãã30ç§ã
ãã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒç§ãã25ç§ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ
ïŒç§ãã15ç§ã®éã«è»¢åããŠã¡ãœããšãŒãºããã
ã®åœ¢æããããããã«ããæ¹æ³ãæäŸããããšã§
ããã æ¬çºæã®ä»ã®éèŠãªç®çã¯ããã¢ã€ããŒãçŽåŸ
ãå°ããåŸã€ãŠè¿ éã«å®å®åã§ãããã€å·¥çšäžã®
åæ±ãã«å¯ŸããŠèä¹ æ§ããã€è³éŠæåã®å€ãç©è³ª
ããã€ããããã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãæäŸããã
ãšã§ãããæ¬çºæã®ãããã®ç®çåã³ãã®ä»ã®ç®
çã¯ä»¥äžã®èšè¿°ãšå®æœäŸããåœæ¥çç·Žè ã«ãšã€ãŠ
æããã§ããã æ¬çºæã®äžã€ã®ç¹åŸŽã¯ãã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒè£œ
é ã«æŒãŠçŽ80â90ééïŒ ã®ãã«ãã«ããã¿ã³äžæº¶
åïŒASTM â3279â78ïŒãšç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºãæ§è³ª
ããã€é«è»åç¹ã§éã¡ãœããšãŒãºã®æ¥éå®å®åå¯
èœã®è³éŠæåã®å€ããããææã調補åã³å©çšã
ãããšã§ããã
ãã ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒåã³ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ã
ãŒäžŠã³ã«ãããããã€ãã€ãã³ã³ããžããã¯è»œé
èªç©ºæ©ãå®å®æ§é ç©ãèªåè»éšåãã¹ããŒã¹çšå ·
ã®ãããªåºæ±ãªå¿çšã«æŒããŠå¢å€§ããçšéãèŠåº
ãã€ã€ãããééãããã®é«åŒ·åºŠæ¯ã®ããã«ãã
ããã³ã³ããžããã®çšéã¯ããã«å¢ããããšãå°
æ¥æåŸ ãããã 代衚çã«ã¯ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãŸãã¯ã°ã©ãã¢
ã€ããŒã®è£œé ã«æŒãŠã¯ãççŽ è³ªç©è³ªã溶èããæ £
çšã®çŽ¡ç³žæè¡ã«ãã€ãŠç³žãŸãã¯ãã€ã©ã¡ã³ãã«çŽ¡
糞ãããã®åŸããã€ã©ã¡ã³ããã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ã
ãŒãŸãã¯ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ããŒãžè»¢åãããã
æ £ç¿çã«ã¯ã玡糞ãã€ã©ã¡ã³ãã¯é žåé°å²æ°äžã®
ç±åŠçã«ãã€ãŠå®å®åãããªãã¡ãäžèæ§ãšãªã
ãããã®åŸãäžæŽ»æ§é°å²æ°äžã§ããé«æž©ãžå ç±ã
ãŠãããã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãŸãã¯ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ã
ãã¢ã€ããŒãžè»¢åããã åŸæ¥æè¡ïŒ åŸæ¥ã®æè¡ã¯ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãŸãã¯ã°ã©ã
ã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ããŒã補é ããã®ã«å©çšã§ããå€ã
ã®åçš®ççŽ è³ªç©è³ªïŒãšãã«ã¯ãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœãš
ãã¶ïŒãé瀺ããŠãããããããäºã€ã®æãé¡è
ãªåæ¥çæ¹æ³ã¯ã¡ãœããšãŒãºããããããã¯ããª
ã¢ã¯ãªããããªã«ãæ¡çšããŠããããã®ãããªç©
質ã®äœ¿çšã«ããé«åŒ·åºŠã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ããŒã
補é ããããšãã§ããã ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãŸãã¯ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€
ããŒãåæ¥çå¿çšã«æŒãŠããåºãåã容ãããã
ã«ã¯ãæ¹åãããããçµæžçãªãã¢ã€ããŒãéçº
ãããã°ãªããªããäžã€ã®é¡èãªè£œé ã³ã¹ãã¯ã
ã¢ã€ããŒãã€ããããäŸçµŠåæã®è£œé ããã¢ã€ã
ãŒã®çŽ¡ç³žãåã³ããã¢ã€ããŒã®å®å®åãšãã®åŸã®
æçµçæç©ãžã®è»¢åãã®ã³ã¹ããã§ããã æ¯èŒçé«äŸ¡ã§æ§é çã«é«æ§èœã®ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ãã
ã¢ã€ããŒãã¡ãœããšãŒãºããããã補é ããéã«
ã¯ãæãèããã³ã¹ãã®äžã€ã¯ã¡ãœããšãŒãºãã
ãã®è£œé ã³ã¹ãã§ããããããŠãã®æ¹æ³ã¯éåžžã¯
æ £çšã®ããããææž©äžã§æ°æéã«ããã€ãŠå ç±ã
ãããšãå¿ èŠãšãããäŸãã°ãã«ã€ã¹ãã®ç±³åœç¹
èš±æ现æžç¬¬3967729å·ãã·ã³ã¬ãŒã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现
æžç¬¬4005183å·ãåã³ã·ãŠã«ãã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æž
第4014725å·ã«æŒãŠãã¡ãœããšãŒãºãããã®è£œé
ã¯ã¯ããã®äŸçµŠåæãé·æéææž©ãžå ç±ããããš
ãå¿ èŠãšããŠãããæããã«ããã®ãããªæ¹æ³ã¯
æéããããã³ã¹ãããããããŸããã¡ãœããšãŒ
ãºãããã¯ç²åºŠãè¿ éã«äžãã玡糞ã«äžé©åœãšãª
ãã®ã§ãããç¹å®æéå ç±ããããšã«æ³šæãæã
ãã°ãªããªãã ããªã¢ã¯ãªããããªã«ããã®ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢
ã€ããŒãŸãã¯ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒã®è£œé ã¯ãŸãã
ã®å·¥çšã«æŒãŠæ¯èŒçé«äŸ¡ãªäŸçµŠåæã䜿çšããã
äžè¬çã«ã¯ãããªã¢ã¯ãªããããªã«ããã®ãã¢ã€
ããŒè£œé ã®ç·ã³ã¹ãã¯ã¡ãœããšãŒãºãããããã«
ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãŸãã¯ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ããŒ
ã補é ããã³ã¹ãã«ã»ãŒçãããšèããããŠã
ãããããã®æ¹æ³ã«ãã€ãŠããã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢
ã€ããŒã®æçµã³ã¹ãã¯çŸåšãã³ãããã15ãã«ã
ã50ãã«ã§ããã ããªã¢ã¯ãªããããªã«ãŸãã¯ã¡ãœããšãŒãºãã
ãããã€ããããåæ¥çãã¢ã€ããŒã®å€§éšåã¯ã
ãšã§ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ããŒãžè»¢åããããã¢ã€
ããŒã§ãã€ããã°ã©ãã¢ã€ãå枩床ã®ããã«ãã«
ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒè£œé ã«èŠãã枩床ãããããã
é«ããšããŠããã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ããŒã¯ã«ãŒã
ã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãã補é ã³ã¹ãããã€ãšé«ãããã
ããã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ããŒã®ããæ©æ¢°ç匷床ã¯
äžè¬ã«ã¯ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãããããããŠã
ãã éå»ã«æŒãŠã¯ãããããã¡ãœããšãŒãºç¶æ ãžãŸ
ã転åãããããšãªãã«ãããç©è³ªããã«ãŒãã³
ãã¢ã€ããŒã補é ããè©Šã¿ããªããããåçš®ã®ç
ç±ã§ããããã®è©Šã¿ã¯å šãæåãããçŸåšã§ãã
éã¡ãœããšãŒãºãããææããäžéçæ©æ¢°æ§è³ªã
ãã€äœã³ã¹ãã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãäŸãã°ã¢ã¹ã
ã¹ã代æ¿åžå Žã®ããã«ã€ããåæ¥çã«çµæžçãªæ¹
æ³ã¯ããã®å¿ èŠæ§ãååšããŠããã ãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœã®æãŸããç¹æ§ãšæãŸãããª
ãç¹æ§ã¯åŸæ¥ã®æè¡ã«æŒãŠé瀺ãããŠãããäŸã
ã°ããã©ãŒãã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3959448å·ã¯ã³
ãŒã«ã¿ãŒã«ãããã®è»åç¹ãäžãããšå®å®åæé
ãçãããåŸãããšã瀺ããŠããããããä»éã
ãæ¬ ç¹ãèªããããããªãã¡ã200â以äžã®è»å
ç¹ããã€ã³ãŒã«ã¿ãŒã«ããããããã¢ã€ããŒã玡
糞ããããšã¯ããããŠå°é£ã§ãããäŸãã°ãã¿ãŒ
ããŒãã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3767741å·ãèŠããã
ããåæ§ã«ããããããã€ãã€ãã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€
ããŒã®åæ±ãã¯æ¯èŒçå°é£ã§ãããäŸãã°ããã
ã©ãã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3639953å·ãèŠããããã ãªãŒã¿ããã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3629379å·ã¯é«
ç空èžæºãšçµåãããææž©äžã§ã®ç±åŠçã®äœ¿çšã
åã³ãåå¿æŽ»æ§çš®ïŒããŒãªããµã€ããããã²ã³å
éå±ããªã©ïŒã®æ··åç©ãšçµåãããææž©äžã§ã®å
ç±åŠçãè¡ãªã€ãŠæº¶è玡糞ãŸãã¯é å¿çŽ¡ç³žã«é©ã
ãããããã€ããããšãæããŠãããå ç±åŠçå·¥
çšã¯çŽïŒæéã§ãããèžæºå·¥çšã¯çŽïŒæéã§ã
ãããã¹ãŠã®æäœã¯é£ç¶åŒã§ãªãåååŒã§ããã
ãªãŒã¿ãã¯ãŸãèèªéæåãæžãããŠçåäžã®ã¬
ã¹æŸæ£ãå¶éããããšã®æãŸãããåã³äžèšåŒçš
ã®åå¿æŽ»æ§çš®ãçšããŠçåçšããããã¢ã€ããŒã
ã€ããã®ã«èŠããå®å®åæéãæžããããšãæã
ãŠããã è»åç¹ã®ã»ãã«ããããææã®ãã®ä»ã®æ§è³ªã
éèŠã§ãããäŸãã°ãäžçŽç©åã³ç²ç¶ç©ã®ååšã
ååéåã³ååéç¯å²ãåã³è³éŠææ§åºŠãã§ã
ãããŸãããããææã®ååŠççµæã¯ãç¹ã«çå
åã®ãã¢ã€ããŒã®å®å®åã«é¢ãããããéèŠã§ã
ããå®éã«ãåçš®ã®æ·»å å€åã³ä»ã®ææ³ã¯ãè¿ é
ãã€å®¹æã«å®å®åããåŸãããããã¢ã€ããŒãæ
äŸããããã«ããããææãžã®æ·»å ã«é¢ããŠåŸæ¥
æè¡ã«ç€ºãããŠãããäŸãã°ããŒã«ãã®æ¬§å·ç¹èš±
åºé¡80400136ïŒ28ã»01ã»80ç»é²ïŒãããŒã«ãã®ãã«
ãŒãã³ã第16å·»ã439â444é ïŒãã«ã¬ã¢ã³ ãã¬
ã¹ç€Ÿã1979幎ïŒãåã³ãªãŒã¿ãã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æž
第3629379å·ãèŠããããã ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ããŒè£œé ã«äœ¿çšããããã®
ã¡ãœããšãŒãºè£œé ãæåããåŸæ¥æè¡ã®å€ãã®ã
ã®ã®å å ¥äž»ãšå¯Ÿç §çã«ãæ¬çºæã¯ã¯ããã«äœãã³
ã¹ãã§ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãžè¿ éã«å å·¥ã§ããã€
ã¢ã¹ãã¹ããçŸåšäœ¿çšãããŠããå€ãã®å¿çšã«æŒ
ãŠäœ¿çšããããšãå¯èœãšãããããããäžéçæ§
質ããã€ãéã¡ãœããšãŒãºã®è³éŠæåã®å€ããã
ãã®è£œé ããæ¬çºæã¯æåããŠããã çºæã解決ããããšããåé¡ç¹ïŒ æ¬çºæã®äžã€ã®éèŠãªç®çã¯ãé«äŸ¡ãªã¡ãœããš
ãŒãºããããçæãããããšãªããæ £çšã®è³éŠæ
åã®å€ãç³æ²¹èªå°ãããããã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒ
ã補é ããçµæžçã«å¯èœãªæ¹æ³ãæäŸããããšã§
ãããæ¬çºæã®ããäžã€ã®éèŠãªç®çã¯ã容æã«
å®å®åã§ããã€é«åŒ·åºŠã³ã³ããžããã®äœ¿çšã«é©ã
ãã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒã圢æããããçåãåŸã
é«ãåå¿ããã€ãæ¹åãããé«è»åç¹ã®ãããªã
ã¡ã249âïŒ480ãïŒãŸãã¯ãã以äžã奜ãŸããã¯
266âïŒ510ãïŒãŸãã¯ãã以äžã®è»åç¹ã®è³éŠæ
åã®å€ãç³æ²¹èªå°ããããæäŸããããšã§ããã
ããäžã€ã®ç®çã¯ã¢ã¹ãã¹ã眮æåã®ã«ãŒãã³ã
ã¢ã€ããŒãæäŸããããšã§ãããããäžã€ã®éèŠ
ãªç®çã¯ããããããé«æž©è»åç¹ç©è³ªãžããããŠ
çæéã®èžæºæéã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒç§ãã30ç§ã
ãã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒç§ãã25ç§ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ
ïŒç§ãã15ç§ã®éã«è»¢åããŠã¡ãœããšãŒãºããã
ã®åœ¢æããããããã«ããæ¹æ³ãæäŸããããšã§
ããã æ¬çºæã®ä»ã®éèŠãªç®çã¯ããã¢ã€ããŒãçŽåŸ
ãå°ããåŸã€ãŠè¿ éã«å®å®åã§ãããã€å·¥çšäžã®
åæ±ãã«å¯ŸããŠèä¹ æ§ããã€è³éŠæåã®å€ãç©è³ª
ããã€ããããã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãæäŸããã
ãšã§ãããæ¬çºæã®ãããã®ç®çåã³ãã®ä»ã®ç®
çã¯ä»¥äžã®èšè¿°ãšå®æœäŸããåœæ¥çç·Žè ã«ãšã€ãŠ
æããã§ããã æ¬çºæã®äžã€ã®ç¹åŸŽã¯ãã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒè£œ
é ã«æŒãŠçŽ80â90ééïŒ ã®ãã«ãã«ããã¿ã³äžæº¶
åïŒASTM â3279â78ïŒãšç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºãæ§è³ª
ããã€é«è»åç¹ã§éã¡ãœããšãŒãºã®æ¥éå®å®åå¯
èœã®è³éŠæåã®å€ããããææã調補åã³å©çšã
ãããšã§ããã
ãè¡šã
åã¯ééïŒ
ã§ããã
æ¬çºæã®ããäžã€ã®ç¹é·ã¯ãåæ²¹èžæºãããã
ããã¯æã奜ãŸããã¯ç³æ²¹æºåã®æ¥è§Šå解ããã®
è³éŠææ§é質ã¹ã©ãªãŒæ²¹ã®å ç±å解ããåŸããã
é žåãããŠããªãççŽ è³ªãããã§ãããããææ
ãããäžè¿°ã®è³éŠæåã®å€ããããææã補é ã
ãããšã§ãããããã¯ããã«è³éŠæåã®å€ããµãŒ
ãã«ç³æ²¹ããããšããŠããã«ç¹åŸŽã¥ããããšãã§
ãããæ¬çºæã®ããããå¿ ãããåçã§ãªãåçš®
ãããã®è£œé ã¯æ¢ç¥ã§ãããããã·ãŠã®ç±³åœç¹èš±
æ现æžç¬¬2768119å·ãåã³ãã«ã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æž
第3140249å·ã«ç€ºãããŠããããããã®ããæ £çš
çãªãããã®æ§è³ªã¯ç¬¬è¡šã«æŒãŠããã«ããèŠå®
ãããŠããã æ¬çºæã®ããäžã€ã®éèŠãªé¢ã¯äžè¿°ã®ç³æ²¹ãã
ããäœååéçš®ã®é€å»ã«ãã€ãŠæ¬çºæã®ããé«ã
è»åç¹ã®è³éŠæåã®å€ãããããžè»¢åããæ¹æ³ã§
ããããªãŒã¿ãã®äžã®åè¿°ã®æ°å€ãã®æ £çšæè¡ã
çšããããšãã§ããäŸãã°ããã«ææããéãã®
æ £çšã®ãããåŒç空èžæºã§ãããé£ç¶åŒã®å¹³è¡¡ã
ã©ãã·ãŠèžæºã奜ãŸããããã®ããããããé«ã
è»åç¹ã®ç©è³ªãžè»¢åããè¯å¥œãªæ¹æ³ã¯ãã¢ã³ãã€
ã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3348600å·åã³ã¢ã³ãã€ã®ç±³
åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3349828å·ã«æŒãŠç€ºãããã¿ã€ã
ã®çæ»æºæéã®å¡åžèïŒWiped filmïŒèžçºåšã
䜿çšããããšã§ããã çŽ550以äžã®ååéããã€ç©è³ªã®25ééïŒ ä»¥äžã
奜ãŸããã¯25ãã50ééïŒ ãæã奜ãŸããã¯45ã
ã55ééïŒ ãé€å»ããããšãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã æ¬çºæã®ããäžã€ã®éèŠãªé¢ã¯ã±ã©ãŒãã®ç±³åœ
ç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3755525å·ãããŒãã€ã³ã°ãã®ç±³åœ
ç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3825380å·ãåã³ãã³ãã€ã³ã®ç±³åœ
ç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3849241å·ã«æŒãŠé瀺ãããŠããã¡
ã«ããããŒæ³ã䜿çšããŠé«è»åç¹ãããããã¢ã€
ããŒã®é£ç¶ãããã®åœ¢ã«å å·¥ããããšã§ãããé£
ç¶ãã€ã©ã¡ã³ããã¢ã€ããŒã¯ãŸãäžèšåŒçšã®ãã€
æè¡ãçšããŠè£œé ããããšãã§ããã ãã®æè¡ã¯ããªãããã¬ã³ã®ãããªéåç©è³ªãž
ããŸãå¿çšãããŠããããæã ã¯é«å質ã®ããã
ãã¢ã€ããŒãããã®è£œé ãå¯èœãšãããã¡ã«ãã
ããŒæ³ã®ä¿®æ£ã«æåããã®ã§ããã æ¬çºæã¯ããããŠçŽ°ãåŸãäŸãã°çŽïŒãã30ã
ã¯ãã³ãããå¯èœæ§ã®ããã®ã¯çŽïŒãã20ãã¯ã
ã³ããããŠæãéžæçã«ã¯çŽ10ãã14ãã¯ãã³ã®
ãã¢ã€ããŒã®è£œé ãå¯èœãšããããã®ã§ãããã
ã®ãããªçŽåŸããã€ãã¢ã€ããŒã¯ãã倪ãçŽåŸã®
ãã¢ã€ããŒãé©ããªãã€ãããã€ãã®ç¹æ®ãªå¿çš
ãå¯èœãšããã äœããã®çè«ã«æçžããããã¯ãªãããæ¬çºæ
ã®æ¹è¯ãããçµæã¯è»åç¹ãäžãè³éŠæåãå€ã
ããããã®åŠçæéãç®ççã«ããããŠçããä¿
ãããäºå®ã«åºã¥ããã®ãšä¿¡ããããŠãããæé
ãçããä¿ã¡ãããææãé床ã«åŠçããªãå Žå
ã«ããããäžã«ååšããã¢ã«ãã«åºã¯é«è»åç¹ã
ãã補é äžã®ç±çè±ã¢ã«ãã«åã«ãã€ãŠç Žå£ãã
ãããšãªããŸãé€ãããªããå šæ°ŽçŽ ã®ãã¡ã®ã¢ã«
ãã¢æ°ŽçŽ ã®ããŒã»ã³ããŒãžã¯çŽ20ãã40ããã奜
ãŸããã¯çŽ25ããçŽ35ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ28ãã
çŽ32ã§ãããå šæ°ŽçŽ ååäžã®ããŒã¿ãŒæ°ŽçŽ ã®ããŒ
ã»ã³ããŒãžã¯åŸã€ãŠçŽïŒïŒ ãã15ïŒ ããã奜ãŸã
ãã¯çŽïŒïŒ ãã12ïŒ ããããŠæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒ
ïŒ ãã10ïŒ ã§ãããå šæ°ŽçŽ ååäžã®ã¬ã³ãæ°ŽçŽ å
åã®ããŒã»ã³ããŒãžã¯åŸã€ãŠå¥œãŸããã¯çŽïŒïŒ ã
ã10ïŒ ããã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒïŒ ããïŒïŒ ããããŠ
æã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒïŒ ããïŒïŒ ã§ããã ããŒã«ãã®ããããã®æž©åãªç©ºæ°é žåäžã®ååŠ
å€åããã«ãŒãã³ã第16å·»ã439â444é ïŒ1978
幎ïŒãã«æŒãŠãã³ãŒã«ã¿ãŒã«ããããšæ¯ã¹ãŠãã
倧ããç³æ²¹ãããã®åå¿æ§ã¯ç³æ²¹ãããäžã®ã¢ã«
ãã«ïŒã¡ãã«ããšãã«ïŒåŽéã®é«æ¿åºŠã«åºå ãã
ããšãèªããŠãããæ¬çºæã®ãããã®è»åç¹ãã»
ãã®å ãã®é«æž©é²åºã«ãã€ãŠå®è³ªçã«äžããæ¹æ³
ãå©çšããããšã«ãã€ãŠããããã®æãŸããã¢ã«
ãã«åŽéã¯ä¿åãããããã®äžã以äžã§èªããã
ãéãããããã®ååŠççµæã¯ãå®å®åé床ã®èŠ³
ç¹ãããå¢åŒ·ãããããã®ããšã¯ãããã®åå¿æ§
ãä¿åããã€ãã¢ã€ããŒå®å®åã«èŠããæéã倧
ãã«ççž®ãããã åé¡ç¹ã解決ããããã®ææ®µïŒ æ¬çºæã«æŒãŠå«ãŸããåºæ¬çå·¥çšã¯ä»¥äžã®ãã®
ãå«ãïŒ ïŒ é«åºŠã«è³éŠæ質ã§ããã¹ã©ãªãŒæ²¹ããç³æ²¹ã
ãããçæããããã®ããããç空ãã©ãã·ãŠ
èžæºãŸãã¯å¡åžèèžçºã«ãããŠã奜ãŸããã¯å°
ããšã249âïŒ480ãïŒããã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ265â
ïŒ510ãïŒãŸãã¯ãã以äžããããŠæã奜ãŸãã
ã¯254âãã266âïŒ490ããã511ãïŒã®è»åç¹
ããã€ç¬ç¹ã®ãããããASTMæ³ïŒ€â3104ã«
ããã¡ãã©ãŒè»åç¹è£ 眮ã«ãã€ãŠæž¬å®ããŠçŽ77
âãã122âã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ122âã®è»åç¹ãã
ã€å€æ§ãããŠããªããµãŒãã«ç³æ²¹ããããåŠç
ããããšã«ãã€ãŠã€ããã ïŒ å·¥çšïŒã®é«è»åç¹ã®è³éŠææåã®å€ãããã
ãã奜ãŸããã¯äžè¿°è«žç¹èš±ã«èšèŒã®ã¡ã«ããã
ãŒæ³ã䜿çšããããšã«ãã€ãŠããããã¢ã€ããŒ
ã®ããŒãã³ã°ãŸãã¯ããããžå€æããã ïŒ ããããžåå¿æ§çš®ãæ·»å ããããšãªã200å
以å ã§ããã奜ãŸããã¯100å以å ãæã奜ãŸ
ããã¯çŽ50â90å以å ã«ãå·¥çšïŒã«æŒãŠçæã
ãããããã¢ã€ããŒã®ããŒãã³ã°ãŸãã¯ããã
çæç©ãçŽ80âïŒ356ãïŒãã310âïŒ590ãïŒ
ã®éã®æž©åºŠã®é žåé°å²æ°äžã«æŒãŠã奜ãŸããã¯
é žåæ¡ä»¶äžã®é£ç¶åŒå€æ®µç±åŠçè£ çœ®ã®äžã§å®å®
åããã ïŒ å·¥çšïŒã®åŸãããäžèæ§ããŒãã³ã°ãŸãã¯ã
ããã®çæç©ãçŽ1000âïŒ1832ãïŒãã3000â
ïŒ5500ãïŒããã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ900âãã1500âã
æã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ1000âãã1200âã®æž©åºŠãžã
ããããçåãŸãã¯ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ãåããããã«
ããã«å ç±ããã åºçºãããææïŒ æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«æŒãŠçšããããåºçºç³æ²¹ããã
ã¯ç³æ²¹æºåã®æ¥è§Šå解ã«æŒãŠçæããé質ã¹ã©ãª
ãŒæ²¹ãã補é ãããè³éŠæããŒã¹ã®é žåãããŠã
ãªãççŽ è³ªãããã§ãããããã¯ãŸãè³éŠæãé«
床ã«å«æããé žåãããŠããªããµãŒãã«ç³æ²¹ãã
ããšããŠç¹é·ã¥ããããšãã§ããããããã®ãã
ãã¯ãã®èç¹ã«ããããŠè¿ã枩床ã«æŒãŠåæ§ã®ãŸ
ãŸã§ããããã®é žåãããŠããªãåºçºç³æ²¹ããã
ã®å¥œãŸãã補é æ¹æ³ã¯ãåºçºç©è³ªãšããŠãå®è³ªäž
ãã¹ãŠã®ãã©ãã€ã³ãæµåæ¥è§Šå解ã«æŒãŠé€å»ã
ãæž æŸã¹ã©ãªãŒæ²¹ãŸãã¯ãµã€ã¯ã«æ²¹ã䜿çšããã
æµåæ¥è§Šå解ãã¹ã©ãªãŒæ²¹ãŸãã¯ãµã€ã¯ã«æ²¹ãã
å®è³ªäžãã¹ãŠã®ãã©ãã€ã³ãé€å»ããã»ã©ã«åå
ãã³ãããªãå Žåã«ã¯ããã©ãã€ã³ã¯ãã«ãã©ãŒ
ã«ã§ä»¥ãŠæœåºããã°ãªããªãããããã®å Žåã«æŒ
ãŠããåŸãããåºçºç©è³ªã¯çŽ315âãã540âã®æ²ž
ç¹ã®é«è³éŠæ質油ã§ããããã®æ²¹ã¯çŽ38.7âãã
çŽ126.7âã®è»åç¹ããã€ç±å解ç³æ²¹ããããç
ããã®ã«ååãªæéã®éãææž©æå§äžã§ç±å解ã
ãããããã€ãã®ãã®ä»ã®é žåãããŠããªãç³æ²¹
ãããçæç©ã®è£œé ã¯ãã¢ãã·ãŠã©ã³ãç³æ²¹ãã
ã240ã®ããã«å¿ ããã䜿çšã«é©ããŠãããšã¯è
ããããªãããããã·ãŠã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬
2768119å·åã³ãã«ãã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3140249
å·ã«èšèŒãããŠããã第衚ã¯æ¬çºæã§äœ¿çšãã
åºçºç©è³ªãšããŠã®çšéã«é©ããåã€ã®é žåãããŠ
ããªãåžè²©ã®ç³æ²¹ãããïŒïŒ¡ããåã³ïŒ€ïŒã®
æ¯èŒæ§è³ªã瀺ããŠããã ãããã®ã¢ã«ãã¢åã³ããŒã¿ãŒæ°ŽçŽ ïŒ æ¬æ现æžã®ä»ã®åæã«æŒãŠè¿°ã¹ãéããã¢ã«ã
ã¢æ°ŽçŽ åã³ããŒã¿ãŒæ°ŽçŽ ïŒããªãã¡ãã¢ã«ãã«åŽ
éïŒã®ä¿åã¯æ¬çºæã®äžã€ã®ç¹å®çç¹è²ã§ããã
äžè¿°ã®ã¢ã«ãã¢åã³ããŒã¿ãŒæ°ŽçŽ ã®ããŒã»ã³ããŒ
ãžã¯ãã¹ãŠã®åŠçãå®äºããŠããããã¢ã€ããŒã
圢æããåŸã«æŒãŠããããäžã«ä¿åãããã ã¢ã«ãã¢åã³ããŒã¿ãŒæ°ŽçŽ ã®å«æéã¯æ žç£æ°å ±
鳎ïŒNMRïŒæ³ã«ãã€ãŠåæçã«æ±ºå®ããããšã
ã§ããããã®æ¹æ³ã¯ãŸãä»ã®æ°ŽçŽ ã®ã¿ã€ãïŒè³éŠ
æçããªã©ïŒã®æ¿åºŠã決å®ãããå šæ°ŽçŽ ååã®ã
ã¡ã®ããŒã¿æ°ŽçŽ ååã®ããŒã»ã³ããŒãžã奜ãŸãã
ã¯ïŒïŒ ãã15ïŒ ããã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒïŒ ãã10ïŒ
ã§ãã€ãŠããã ãããè»åç¹ïŒ æ¬çºæã§äœ¿çšãããããã®è»åç¹ã¯åœå·¥æ¥ã«åš
ç¥ã®æ¹æ³ã奜ãŸããã¯ãæ¬çºæã®ãããã®ãã€é«
è»åç¹ã®èŠå°ããã¹ãã³ã¬ã¹éŒè£œããŒã«ãšã«ãã
åã³é«æž©çã䜿çšããããå€åœ¢ããASTMNo.
â3104ã«ãã€ãŠæž¬å®ãããè»åç¹ã¯å¥œãŸããã¯å°
ããšã249âã奜ãŸããã¯å°ãªããšã265âãã奜
ãŸããã¯çŽ265âãã274âãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ
254âããçŽ266âã®ç¯å²ã«ããããŸããå°ãªããš
ã290âã§ãã€ãŠãããã ãããã®ãã·ã¬ã³äžæº¶åïŒ æ¬çºæã§äœ¿çšãããããç©è³ªã®ãã·ã¬ã³äžæº¶å
å«éã¯çŽïŒããçŽ40ééïŒ ããã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒ
ããçŽ35ééïŒ ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒãã32éé
ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã«ããã¹ãã§ããããã·ã¬ã³äžæº¶åã¯
ASTMNo.â3671ãå«ããåœå·¥æ¥åšç¥ã®æ¹æ³ã«
ãã€ãŠæž¬å®ããããŸãããã·ã¬ã³äžæº¶åå«éã¯18
ïŒ ãã35ïŒ ã§ãã€ãŠããã ãããã®ãããªã³äžæº¶åïŒ æ¬çºæã§äœ¿çšãããããã®ãããªã³äžæº¶åã¯çŽ
ïŒããçŽïŒééïŒ ããã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒããçŽïŒ
ééïŒ ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒããçŽ0.25ééïŒ ã§
ããããããªã³äžæº¶åã¯äžè¬ã«ã¯è§ŠåªãŸãã¯éé¢
ã«ãŒãã³ãããã¯ã¡ãœããšãŒãºã«ãŒãã³ã®ããã
ãã瀺ããã§ããã ããããªã³äžæº¶åå«éãäœã
ããšã奜ãŸããããŸãã1.0ééïŒ ããå°ãªããŠ
ãããã ãããã®ç¡«é»å«é æ¬çºæã§äœ¿çšãããããã®ç¡«é»å«éã¯äŸçµŠåæ
ç©è³ªã®å«éã«ãã€ãŠæ±ºå®ãããããã§ããã ãäœ
ãããšã奜ãŸãããçŽ0.1ããçŽïŒééïŒ ããã
奜ãŸããã¯çŽ0.1ããçŽïŒééïŒ ãåã³æã奜ãŸ
ããã¯çŽ0.1ããçŽ1.5ééïŒ ãã®ç¡«é»å«æéãæ¬
çºæã®å Žå䜿çšã§ããããŸããçŽ1.6ã2.8ééïŒ
ã§ãã€ãŠããããç°å¢çèæ ®åã³ãããããã®ç¡«
é»ã®ã¬ã¹åã«ãã€ãŠããããã¢ã€ããŒå質ã®åŽ©å£
ããäœç¡«é»å«éãæãŸãããç¡«é»å«éã¯ASTM
No.â1551ãŸãã¯ãã®ä»ã®åœå·¥æ¥åšç¥ã®ä»ã®æ¹æ³ã«
ãã€ãŠå®¹æã«æž¬å®ãããã ãããã®ã³ãŒãã³ã°å€ïŒ æ¬çºæã®ãããã®ã³ãŒãã³ã°å€ã¯äžè¬çã«ã¯
ASTMNo.â2416ã«ãã€ãŠæž¬å®ããã奜ãŸãã
ã¯ããããå šééãåºæºãšããŠçŽ65ããçŽ90éé
ïŒ ããã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ70ãã85ééïŒ ãæã奜ãŸ
ããã¯çŽ75ããçŽ85ééïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã«ãããããé«
ãã³ãŒãã³ã°å€ããã¡ãããããã³ãŒãã³ã°å€ã¯
æçµã®ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒäžã«å®å®ååã³ãã¹ãŠ
ã®ä»ã®å·¥çšãå®äºããã®ã¡ã«æ®ãã«ãŒãã³ã®ããŒ
ã»ã³ãã倧ãã«è¡šãããã®ã§ããããã§ããã ãããã®ã¡ãœããšãŒãºå«éïŒ æ¬çºæã®ãããã®ã¡ãœããšãŒãºå«éã¯ïŒïŒ çšåºŠ
ã®ãããã¯ãã以äžã«å€ãéãç¹æ®ã®å Žåã«ã¯èš±
容ããããããããªããã§ããã ãå°ãªãæ¹ã奜
ãŸãããäžè¬çã«ã¯ãçµæžçèæ ®ã®ããã«ãçŽïŒ
ïŒ ããçŽïŒééïŒ ããã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒããçŽïŒé
éïŒ ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒããçŽ0.25ééïŒ ã®é
ã®ã¡ãœããšãŒãºãæ¬çºæã®å Žåæçšã§ããããã
ãã®ã¡ãœããšãŒãºå«éïŒ ã¯ãããªã³äžæº¶åã«ã
ãããããã¯ãçŽäº€åå ãã€ã«ã¿ã䜿çšãåå äž
ã®é¡åŸ®é¡äžã«ååšããã¡ãœããšãŒãºã®é¢ç©ã枬å®
ïŒæ¬¡ãã§å®¹ç©åã³ééãšããŠèšç®ïŒããããšã«ã
ãå åŠé¡åŸ®é¡æ³ã«ãã枬å®ã§ããã
æ¬çºæã®ããäžã€ã®ç¹é·ã¯ãåæ²¹èžæºãããã
ããã¯æã奜ãŸããã¯ç³æ²¹æºåã®æ¥è§Šå解ããã®
è³éŠææ§é質ã¹ã©ãªãŒæ²¹ã®å ç±å解ããåŸããã
é žåãããŠããªãççŽ è³ªãããã§ãããããææ
ãããäžè¿°ã®è³éŠæåã®å€ããããææã補é ã
ãããšã§ãããããã¯ããã«è³éŠæåã®å€ããµãŒ
ãã«ç³æ²¹ããããšããŠããã«ç¹åŸŽã¥ããããšãã§
ãããæ¬çºæã®ããããå¿ ãããåçã§ãªãåçš®
ãããã®è£œé ã¯æ¢ç¥ã§ãããããã·ãŠã®ç±³åœç¹èš±
æ现æžç¬¬2768119å·ãåã³ãã«ã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æž
第3140249å·ã«ç€ºãããŠããããããã®ããæ £çš
çãªãããã®æ§è³ªã¯ç¬¬è¡šã«æŒãŠããã«ããèŠå®
ãããŠããã æ¬çºæã®ããäžã€ã®éèŠãªé¢ã¯äžè¿°ã®ç³æ²¹ãã
ããäœååéçš®ã®é€å»ã«ãã€ãŠæ¬çºæã®ããé«ã
è»åç¹ã®è³éŠæåã®å€ãããããžè»¢åããæ¹æ³ã§
ããããªãŒã¿ãã®äžã®åè¿°ã®æ°å€ãã®æ £çšæè¡ã
çšããããšãã§ããäŸãã°ããã«ææããéãã®
æ £çšã®ãããåŒç空èžæºã§ãããé£ç¶åŒã®å¹³è¡¡ã
ã©ãã·ãŠèžæºã奜ãŸããããã®ããããããé«ã
è»åç¹ã®ç©è³ªãžè»¢åããè¯å¥œãªæ¹æ³ã¯ãã¢ã³ãã€
ã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3348600å·åã³ã¢ã³ãã€ã®ç±³
åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3349828å·ã«æŒãŠç€ºãããã¿ã€ã
ã®çæ»æºæéã®å¡åžèïŒWiped filmïŒèžçºåšã
䜿çšããããšã§ããã çŽ550以äžã®ååéããã€ç©è³ªã®25ééïŒ ä»¥äžã
奜ãŸããã¯25ãã50ééïŒ ãæã奜ãŸããã¯45ã
ã55ééïŒ ãé€å»ããããšãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã æ¬çºæã®ããäžã€ã®éèŠãªé¢ã¯ã±ã©ãŒãã®ç±³åœ
ç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3755525å·ãããŒãã€ã³ã°ãã®ç±³åœ
ç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3825380å·ãåã³ãã³ãã€ã³ã®ç±³åœ
ç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3849241å·ã«æŒãŠé瀺ãããŠããã¡
ã«ããããŒæ³ã䜿çšããŠé«è»åç¹ãããããã¢ã€
ããŒã®é£ç¶ãããã®åœ¢ã«å å·¥ããããšã§ãããé£
ç¶ãã€ã©ã¡ã³ããã¢ã€ããŒã¯ãŸãäžèšåŒçšã®ãã€
æè¡ãçšããŠè£œé ããããšãã§ããã ãã®æè¡ã¯ããªãããã¬ã³ã®ãããªéåç©è³ªãž
ããŸãå¿çšãããŠããããæã ã¯é«å質ã®ããã
ãã¢ã€ããŒãããã®è£œé ãå¯èœãšãããã¡ã«ãã
ããŒæ³ã®ä¿®æ£ã«æåããã®ã§ããã æ¬çºæã¯ããããŠçŽ°ãåŸãäŸãã°çŽïŒãã30ã
ã¯ãã³ãããå¯èœæ§ã®ããã®ã¯çŽïŒãã20ãã¯ã
ã³ããããŠæãéžæçã«ã¯çŽ10ãã14ãã¯ãã³ã®
ãã¢ã€ããŒã®è£œé ãå¯èœãšããããã®ã§ãããã
ã®ãããªçŽåŸããã€ãã¢ã€ããŒã¯ãã倪ãçŽåŸã®
ãã¢ã€ããŒãé©ããªãã€ãããã€ãã®ç¹æ®ãªå¿çš
ãå¯èœãšããã äœããã®çè«ã«æçžããããã¯ãªãããæ¬çºæ
ã®æ¹è¯ãããçµæã¯è»åç¹ãäžãè³éŠæåãå€ã
ããããã®åŠçæéãç®ççã«ããããŠçããä¿
ãããäºå®ã«åºã¥ããã®ãšä¿¡ããããŠãããæé
ãçããä¿ã¡ãããææãé床ã«åŠçããªãå Žå
ã«ããããäžã«ååšããã¢ã«ãã«åºã¯é«è»åç¹ã
ãã補é äžã®ç±çè±ã¢ã«ãã«åã«ãã€ãŠç Žå£ãã
ãããšãªããŸãé€ãããªããå šæ°ŽçŽ ã®ãã¡ã®ã¢ã«
ãã¢æ°ŽçŽ ã®ããŒã»ã³ããŒãžã¯çŽ20ãã40ããã奜
ãŸããã¯çŽ25ããçŽ35ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ28ãã
çŽ32ã§ãããå šæ°ŽçŽ ååäžã®ããŒã¿ãŒæ°ŽçŽ ã®ããŒ
ã»ã³ããŒãžã¯åŸã€ãŠçŽïŒïŒ ãã15ïŒ ããã奜ãŸã
ãã¯çŽïŒïŒ ãã12ïŒ ããããŠæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒ
ïŒ ãã10ïŒ ã§ãããå šæ°ŽçŽ ååäžã®ã¬ã³ãæ°ŽçŽ å
åã®ããŒã»ã³ããŒãžã¯åŸã€ãŠå¥œãŸããã¯çŽïŒïŒ ã
ã10ïŒ ããã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒïŒ ããïŒïŒ ããããŠ
æã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒïŒ ããïŒïŒ ã§ããã ããŒã«ãã®ããããã®æž©åãªç©ºæ°é žåäžã®ååŠ
å€åããã«ãŒãã³ã第16å·»ã439â444é ïŒ1978
幎ïŒãã«æŒãŠãã³ãŒã«ã¿ãŒã«ããããšæ¯ã¹ãŠãã
倧ããç³æ²¹ãããã®åå¿æ§ã¯ç³æ²¹ãããäžã®ã¢ã«
ãã«ïŒã¡ãã«ããšãã«ïŒåŽéã®é«æ¿åºŠã«åºå ãã
ããšãèªããŠãããæ¬çºæã®ãããã®è»åç¹ãã»
ãã®å ãã®é«æž©é²åºã«ãã€ãŠå®è³ªçã«äžããæ¹æ³
ãå©çšããããšã«ãã€ãŠããããã®æãŸããã¢ã«
ãã«åŽéã¯ä¿åãããããã®äžã以äžã§èªããã
ãéãããããã®ååŠççµæã¯ãå®å®åé床ã®èŠ³
ç¹ãããå¢åŒ·ãããããã®ããšã¯ãããã®åå¿æ§
ãä¿åããã€ãã¢ã€ããŒå®å®åã«èŠããæéã倧
ãã«ççž®ãããã åé¡ç¹ã解決ããããã®ææ®µïŒ æ¬çºæã«æŒãŠå«ãŸããåºæ¬çå·¥çšã¯ä»¥äžã®ãã®
ãå«ãïŒ ïŒ é«åºŠã«è³éŠæ質ã§ããã¹ã©ãªãŒæ²¹ããç³æ²¹ã
ãããçæããããã®ããããç空ãã©ãã·ãŠ
èžæºãŸãã¯å¡åžèèžçºã«ãããŠã奜ãŸããã¯å°
ããšã249âïŒ480ãïŒããã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ265â
ïŒ510ãïŒãŸãã¯ãã以äžããããŠæã奜ãŸãã
ã¯254âãã266âïŒ490ããã511ãïŒã®è»åç¹
ããã€ç¬ç¹ã®ãããããASTMæ³ïŒ€â3104ã«
ããã¡ãã©ãŒè»åç¹è£ 眮ã«ãã€ãŠæž¬å®ããŠçŽ77
âãã122âã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ122âã®è»åç¹ãã
ã€å€æ§ãããŠããªããµãŒãã«ç³æ²¹ããããåŠç
ããããšã«ãã€ãŠã€ããã ïŒ å·¥çšïŒã®é«è»åç¹ã®è³éŠææåã®å€ãããã
ãã奜ãŸããã¯äžè¿°è«žç¹èš±ã«èšèŒã®ã¡ã«ããã
ãŒæ³ã䜿çšããããšã«ãã€ãŠããããã¢ã€ããŒ
ã®ããŒãã³ã°ãŸãã¯ããããžå€æããã ïŒ ããããžåå¿æ§çš®ãæ·»å ããããšãªã200å
以å ã§ããã奜ãŸããã¯100å以å ãæã奜ãŸ
ããã¯çŽ50â90å以å ã«ãå·¥çšïŒã«æŒãŠçæã
ãããããã¢ã€ããŒã®ããŒãã³ã°ãŸãã¯ããã
çæç©ãçŽ80âïŒ356ãïŒãã310âïŒ590ãïŒ
ã®éã®æž©åºŠã®é žåé°å²æ°äžã«æŒãŠã奜ãŸããã¯
é žåæ¡ä»¶äžã®é£ç¶åŒå€æ®µç±åŠçè£ çœ®ã®äžã§å®å®
åããã ïŒ å·¥çšïŒã®åŸãããäžèæ§ããŒãã³ã°ãŸãã¯ã
ããã®çæç©ãçŽ1000âïŒ1832ãïŒãã3000â
ïŒ5500ãïŒããã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ900âãã1500âã
æã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ1000âãã1200âã®æž©åºŠãžã
ããããçåãŸãã¯ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ãåããããã«
ããã«å ç±ããã åºçºãããææïŒ æ¬çºæã®æ¹æ³ã«æŒãŠçšããããåºçºç³æ²¹ããã
ã¯ç³æ²¹æºåã®æ¥è§Šå解ã«æŒãŠçæããé質ã¹ã©ãª
ãŒæ²¹ãã補é ãããè³éŠæããŒã¹ã®é žåãããŠã
ãªãççŽ è³ªãããã§ãããããã¯ãŸãè³éŠæãé«
床ã«å«æããé žåãããŠããªããµãŒãã«ç³æ²¹ãã
ããšããŠç¹é·ã¥ããããšãã§ããããããã®ãã
ãã¯ãã®èç¹ã«ããããŠè¿ã枩床ã«æŒãŠåæ§ã®ãŸ
ãŸã§ããããã®é žåãããŠããªãåºçºç³æ²¹ããã
ã®å¥œãŸãã補é æ¹æ³ã¯ãåºçºç©è³ªãšããŠãå®è³ªäž
ãã¹ãŠã®ãã©ãã€ã³ãæµåæ¥è§Šå解ã«æŒãŠé€å»ã
ãæž æŸã¹ã©ãªãŒæ²¹ãŸãã¯ãµã€ã¯ã«æ²¹ã䜿çšããã
æµåæ¥è§Šå解ãã¹ã©ãªãŒæ²¹ãŸãã¯ãµã€ã¯ã«æ²¹ãã
å®è³ªäžãã¹ãŠã®ãã©ãã€ã³ãé€å»ããã»ã©ã«åå
ãã³ãããªãå Žåã«ã¯ããã©ãã€ã³ã¯ãã«ãã©ãŒ
ã«ã§ä»¥ãŠæœåºããã°ãªããªãããããã®å Žåã«æŒ
ãŠããåŸãããåºçºç©è³ªã¯çŽ315âãã540âã®æ²ž
ç¹ã®é«è³éŠæ質油ã§ããããã®æ²¹ã¯çŽ38.7âãã
çŽ126.7âã®è»åç¹ããã€ç±å解ç³æ²¹ããããç
ããã®ã«ååãªæéã®éãææž©æå§äžã§ç±å解ã
ãããããã€ãã®ãã®ä»ã®é žåãããŠããªãç³æ²¹
ãããçæç©ã®è£œé ã¯ãã¢ãã·ãŠã©ã³ãç³æ²¹ãã
ã240ã®ããã«å¿ ããã䜿çšã«é©ããŠãããšã¯è
ããããªãããããã·ãŠã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬
2768119å·åã³ãã«ãã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3140249
å·ã«èšèŒãããŠããã第衚ã¯æ¬çºæã§äœ¿çšãã
åºçºç©è³ªãšããŠã®çšéã«é©ããåã€ã®é žåãããŠ
ããªãåžè²©ã®ç³æ²¹ãããïŒïŒ¡ããåã³ïŒ€ïŒã®
æ¯èŒæ§è³ªã瀺ããŠããã ãããã®ã¢ã«ãã¢åã³ããŒã¿ãŒæ°ŽçŽ ïŒ æ¬æ现æžã®ä»ã®åæã«æŒãŠè¿°ã¹ãéããã¢ã«ã
ã¢æ°ŽçŽ åã³ããŒã¿ãŒæ°ŽçŽ ïŒããªãã¡ãã¢ã«ãã«åŽ
éïŒã®ä¿åã¯æ¬çºæã®äžã€ã®ç¹å®çç¹è²ã§ããã
äžè¿°ã®ã¢ã«ãã¢åã³ããŒã¿ãŒæ°ŽçŽ ã®ããŒã»ã³ããŒ
ãžã¯ãã¹ãŠã®åŠçãå®äºããŠããããã¢ã€ããŒã
圢æããåŸã«æŒãŠããããäžã«ä¿åãããã ã¢ã«ãã¢åã³ããŒã¿ãŒæ°ŽçŽ ã®å«æéã¯æ žç£æ°å ±
鳎ïŒNMRïŒæ³ã«ãã€ãŠåæçã«æ±ºå®ããããšã
ã§ããããã®æ¹æ³ã¯ãŸãä»ã®æ°ŽçŽ ã®ã¿ã€ãïŒè³éŠ
æçããªã©ïŒã®æ¿åºŠã決å®ãããå šæ°ŽçŽ ååã®ã
ã¡ã®ããŒã¿æ°ŽçŽ ååã®ããŒã»ã³ããŒãžã奜ãŸãã
ã¯ïŒïŒ ãã15ïŒ ããã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒïŒ ãã10ïŒ
ã§ãã€ãŠããã ãããè»åç¹ïŒ æ¬çºæã§äœ¿çšãããããã®è»åç¹ã¯åœå·¥æ¥ã«åš
ç¥ã®æ¹æ³ã奜ãŸããã¯ãæ¬çºæã®ãããã®ãã€é«
è»åç¹ã®èŠå°ããã¹ãã³ã¬ã¹éŒè£œããŒã«ãšã«ãã
åã³é«æž©çã䜿çšããããå€åœ¢ããASTMNo.
â3104ã«ãã€ãŠæž¬å®ãããè»åç¹ã¯å¥œãŸããã¯å°
ããšã249âã奜ãŸããã¯å°ãªããšã265âãã奜
ãŸããã¯çŽ265âãã274âãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ
254âããçŽ266âã®ç¯å²ã«ããããŸããå°ãªããš
ã290âã§ãã€ãŠãããã ãããã®ãã·ã¬ã³äžæº¶åïŒ æ¬çºæã§äœ¿çšãããããç©è³ªã®ãã·ã¬ã³äžæº¶å
å«éã¯çŽïŒããçŽ40ééïŒ ããã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒ
ããçŽ35ééïŒ ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒãã32éé
ïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã«ããã¹ãã§ããããã·ã¬ã³äžæº¶åã¯
ASTMNo.â3671ãå«ããåœå·¥æ¥åšç¥ã®æ¹æ³ã«
ãã€ãŠæž¬å®ããããŸãããã·ã¬ã³äžæº¶åå«éã¯18
ïŒ ãã35ïŒ ã§ãã€ãŠããã ãããã®ãããªã³äžæº¶åïŒ æ¬çºæã§äœ¿çšãããããã®ãããªã³äžæº¶åã¯çŽ
ïŒããçŽïŒééïŒ ããã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒããçŽïŒ
ééïŒ ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒããçŽ0.25ééïŒ ã§
ããããããªã³äžæº¶åã¯äžè¬ã«ã¯è§ŠåªãŸãã¯éé¢
ã«ãŒãã³ãããã¯ã¡ãœããšãŒãºã«ãŒãã³ã®ããã
ãã瀺ããã§ããã ããããªã³äžæº¶åå«éãäœã
ããšã奜ãŸããããŸãã1.0ééïŒ ããå°ãªããŠ
ãããã ãããã®ç¡«é»å«é æ¬çºæã§äœ¿çšãããããã®ç¡«é»å«éã¯äŸçµŠåæ
ç©è³ªã®å«éã«ãã€ãŠæ±ºå®ãããããã§ããã ãäœ
ãããšã奜ãŸãããçŽ0.1ããçŽïŒééïŒ ããã
奜ãŸããã¯çŽ0.1ããçŽïŒééïŒ ãåã³æã奜ãŸ
ããã¯çŽ0.1ããçŽ1.5ééïŒ ãã®ç¡«é»å«æéãæ¬
çºæã®å Žå䜿çšã§ããããŸããçŽ1.6ã2.8ééïŒ
ã§ãã€ãŠããããç°å¢çèæ ®åã³ãããããã®ç¡«
é»ã®ã¬ã¹åã«ãã€ãŠããããã¢ã€ããŒå質ã®åŽ©å£
ããäœç¡«é»å«éãæãŸãããç¡«é»å«éã¯ASTM
No.â1551ãŸãã¯ãã®ä»ã®åœå·¥æ¥åšç¥ã®ä»ã®æ¹æ³ã«
ãã€ãŠå®¹æã«æž¬å®ãããã ãããã®ã³ãŒãã³ã°å€ïŒ æ¬çºæã®ãããã®ã³ãŒãã³ã°å€ã¯äžè¬çã«ã¯
ASTMNo.â2416ã«ãã€ãŠæž¬å®ããã奜ãŸãã
ã¯ããããå šééãåºæºãšããŠçŽ65ããçŽ90éé
ïŒ ããã奜ãŸããã¯çŽ70ãã85ééïŒ ãæã奜ãŸ
ããã¯çŽ75ããçŽ85ééïŒ ã®ç¯å²ã«ãããããé«
ãã³ãŒãã³ã°å€ããã¡ãããããã³ãŒãã³ã°å€ã¯
æçµã®ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒäžã«å®å®ååã³ãã¹ãŠ
ã®ä»ã®å·¥çšãå®äºããã®ã¡ã«æ®ãã«ãŒãã³ã®ããŒ
ã»ã³ãã倧ãã«è¡šãããã®ã§ããããã§ããã ãããã®ã¡ãœããšãŒãºå«éïŒ æ¬çºæã®ãããã®ã¡ãœããšãŒãºå«éã¯ïŒïŒ çšåºŠ
ã®ãããã¯ãã以äžã«å€ãéãç¹æ®ã®å Žåã«ã¯èš±
容ããããããããªããã§ããã ãå°ãªãæ¹ã奜
ãŸãããäžè¬çã«ã¯ãçµæžçèæ ®ã®ããã«ãçŽïŒ
ïŒ ããçŽïŒééïŒ ããã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒããçŽïŒé
éïŒ ãæã奜ãŸããã¯çŽïŒããçŽ0.25ééïŒ ã®é
ã®ã¡ãœããšãŒãºãæ¬çºæã®å Žåæçšã§ããããã
ãã®ã¡ãœããšãŒãºå«éïŒ ã¯ãããªã³äžæº¶åã«ã
ãããããã¯ãçŽäº€åå ãã€ã«ã¿ã䜿çšãåå äž
ã®é¡åŸ®é¡äžã«ååšããã¡ãœããšãŒãºã®é¢ç©ã枬å®
ïŒæ¬¡ãã§å®¹ç©åã³ééãšããŠèšç®ïŒããããšã«ã
ãå åŠé¡åŸ®é¡æ³ã«ãã枬å®ã§ããã
ãè¡šã
æ¬çºæã«æŒãŠäœ¿çšãã奜ãŸããé
žåãããŠããª
ãæåå¢åŒ·ç³æ²¹ãããã¯ãä»ã®å çŽ ãé€å€ããŠè
ããŠãçŽ93ééïŒ ããçŽ95ééïŒ ã®ççŽ ãšçŽïŒé
éïŒ ããçŽïŒééïŒ ã®æ°ŽçŽ ãå«æããŠãããé ž
çŽ ãç¡«é»ãåã³çªçŽ ã®ãããªççŽ åã³æ°ŽçŽ 以å€ã®
å çŽ ã¯æãŸãããªããçŽïŒééïŒ ããå€ãååšã
ã¹ãã§ã¯ãªãã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒïŒ 以äžã§ããããã
ãã¯å å·¥åŠçã®çµæäœæ¿åºŠã®ç¡¬ãç²åãå«æãã
ãããããªããç²ç¶ç©è³ªã®ååšãŸãã¯éååšã¯å
æçã«æ±ºå®ã§ããããããŸãå šãæãŸãããªãã
ã®ã§ããã奜ãŸããã¯ç²ç¶ç©è³ªã¯0.1ïŒ ä»¥äžãã
ã奜ãŸããã¯0.01ïŒ ãæã奜ãŸããã¯0.001ïŒ ä»¥
äžã§ãããäŸãã°ãåé¡ãšãããããã®è©Šæã¯ã
ã³ãŒã³ããã·ã¬ã³ãããã¯ãããªã³ã®ãããªè³éŠ
æ溶å€äžã«æº¶ãããŠéããããšãã§ããã400
âãŸã§ã®ææž©äžã§è»åããªããã€ã«ã¿ãŒåªäœäžã®
äœããã®æ®æž£ã®ååšïŒæšæºã®æ¯çŽ°ç®¡èç¹è£ 眮ã«ã
ã€ãŠæž¬å®ïŒã¯ç¡¬ãç²åç©è³ªã®ååšã瀺ããé©æ§ã«
ã€ããŠã®å¥ã®è©Šéšã«æŒãŠã¯ãåé¡ãšãããããã
ç¹å®å¯žæ³ã®ãªãªãã€ã¹äžã«åŒ·å¶çã«å ¥ããããªãª
ãã€ã¹ã®éå¡ã¯èš±å®¹ã§ããªã倧ç²åã®ååšã瀺
ããç°åã硬ãç²åäžçŽç©ã確èªããã®ã«äœ¿çšã§
ããã ã¢ã·ãŠã©ã³ããªã€ã«ç€Ÿã«ããèšå·ïŒ¡â240ãšã
ãŠäŸçµŠãããŠãããããã¯äžè¿°ã®è«žèŠè«ãæºãã
åžè²©ã®é žåãããŠããªãç³æ²¹ãããã§ãããæ¬æ
现æžã«æŒãŠåŒçšããŠããã¹ãã¹ãã®ãç³æ²¹ããã
ã®ç¹æ§ã¥ããšåçæ§ãã«æŒãŠãã詳现ã«èšè¿°ãã
ãŠãããããã¯ä»¥äžã®ç¹æ§ããã€ãŠããïŒ
ãæåå¢åŒ·ç³æ²¹ãããã¯ãä»ã®å çŽ ãé€å€ããŠè
ããŠãçŽ93ééïŒ ããçŽ95ééïŒ ã®ççŽ ãšçŽïŒé
éïŒ ããçŽïŒééïŒ ã®æ°ŽçŽ ãå«æããŠãããé ž
çŽ ãç¡«é»ãåã³çªçŽ ã®ãããªççŽ åã³æ°ŽçŽ 以å€ã®
å çŽ ã¯æãŸãããªããçŽïŒééïŒ ããå€ãååšã
ã¹ãã§ã¯ãªãã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒïŒ 以äžã§ããããã
ãã¯å å·¥åŠçã®çµæäœæ¿åºŠã®ç¡¬ãç²åãå«æãã
ãããããªããç²ç¶ç©è³ªã®ååšãŸãã¯éååšã¯å
æçã«æ±ºå®ã§ããããããŸãå šãæãŸãããªãã
ã®ã§ããã奜ãŸããã¯ç²ç¶ç©è³ªã¯0.1ïŒ ä»¥äžãã
ã奜ãŸããã¯0.01ïŒ ãæã奜ãŸããã¯0.001ïŒ ä»¥
äžã§ãããäŸãã°ãåé¡ãšãããããã®è©Šæã¯ã
ã³ãŒã³ããã·ã¬ã³ãããã¯ãããªã³ã®ãããªè³éŠ
æ溶å€äžã«æº¶ãããŠéããããšãã§ããã400
âãŸã§ã®ææž©äžã§è»åããªããã€ã«ã¿ãŒåªäœäžã®
äœããã®æ®æž£ã®ååšïŒæšæºã®æ¯çŽ°ç®¡èç¹è£ 眮ã«ã
ã€ãŠæž¬å®ïŒã¯ç¡¬ãç²åç©è³ªã®ååšã瀺ããé©æ§ã«
ã€ããŠã®å¥ã®è©Šéšã«æŒãŠã¯ãåé¡ãšãããããã
ç¹å®å¯žæ³ã®ãªãªãã€ã¹äžã«åŒ·å¶çã«å ¥ããããªãª
ãã€ã¹ã®éå¡ã¯èš±å®¹ã§ããªã倧ç²åã®ååšã瀺
ããç°åã硬ãç²åäžçŽç©ã確èªããã®ã«äœ¿çšã§
ããã ã¢ã·ãŠã©ã³ããªã€ã«ç€Ÿã«ããèšå·ïŒ¡â240ãšã
ãŠäŸçµŠãããŠãããããã¯äžè¿°ã®è«žèŠè«ãæºãã
åžè²©ã®é žåãããŠããªãç³æ²¹ãããã§ãããæ¬æ
现æžã«æŒãŠåŒçšããŠããã¹ãã¹ãã®ãç³æ²¹ããã
ã®ç¹æ§ã¥ããšåçæ§ãã«æŒãŠãã詳现ã«èšè¿°ãã
ãŠãããããã¯ä»¥äžã®ç¹æ§ããã€ãŠããïŒ
ãè¡šã
ãè¡šã
æ¬çºæã®é«è»åç¹ããã€è³éŠæåã®å€ã奜ãŸã
ããããææãã€ããããã«ã第衚ã®ãããã
è»åç¹ãçŽ249âïŒ480ãïŒãŸãã¯ãã以äžãžäžã
第衚ã«ç€ºããç¹æ§ãä»äžããããã«åŠçããã
ãã®ããã«ããŠã€ãã€ããããã¯éã¡ãœããšãŒãº
ã®ãããã§ãããéã¡ãœããšãŒãºãçŽïŒééïŒ ã
ãå°ãªãããããæå³ããããã®ãããªãããã¯
äžè¬ã«ã¯åœæ¥ã«æŒãŠçæ¹æ§ããããšãã°ããäŸã
ã°ããããæ¹åã®è»žã«æ²¿ã€ãŠæž¬å®ãããšãã«åã
å€ã®å ç·ééã®ãããªç©ççæ§è³ªã瀺ããããã§
ããã ãã®ããã«ãããææã補é ããåªåã«æŒãŠã
åçš®ã®æ¹æ³ãè©Šã¿ãããŠããããã®çµæã奜ãŸã
ãææ³ã¯å¡åžèèžçºåšã䜿çšããããšãå«ãããš
ãçºèŠãããããã®ææ³ã¯çæç©ã®ç±çé²åºæé
ãæžãããåŸã€ãŠããè¯å¥œãªãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœã
æäŸãããé©åœãªå¡åžèèžçºåšã¯ããµããŠãŒã»ã
ãå·ãŠãªã«ãµã ã®ã¢ãŒãã¶ã³ã€ã³ãã¹ããªãŒç€Ÿã«
ãã補é ãããããŒããµãŒã ã®åæšã§è²©å£²ãããŠ
ãããããã¯ä¹±æµãã€ã«ã ïŒturbulant filmïŒå
çã§äœåããåŽé¢ã®ççŽããªæ©æ¢°çã«å©ãããã
èèåŠçæ©ã§ããããã®è£ 眮ã®äžã«å ¥ãäŸçµŠåæ
äŸãã°ãããææã¯é å¿åã«ãã€ãŠå ç±ãããèž
çºåšã®å£ãžåããŠæãåºãããŠå£ãšããŒã¿ãŒã®çŸœ
æ ¹å 端ãšã®éã«ä¹±æµãã€ã«ã ã圢æããããã®ä¹±
æµçã«æµåãããã€ã«ã ã¯èžçºé床ãšç¡é¢ä¿ã«å š
å£é¢ãèœããææã¯å ãæ°ç§éé«æž©ãžé²åºãã
ããããŒããµãŒã å¡åžèèžçºåšã¯äžè¬ã«ã¯æ¬æ现
æžã«æŒãŠåŒçšããŠããã¢ã³ãã€ã®ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬
3348600å·åã³ã¢ã³ãã€ã®ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬3349828å·ã«
æŒãŠç€ºãããŠããããã®600ã®ç¹èš±ã«æŒãŠèªãã
ããããã«ãå ¥å£ãšåºå£ã®äœçœ®ãåçš®ã«å€ããã
ãšãã§ãããäºå®ãããŒããµãŒã å¡åžèèžçºåšã®
å®éã®æäœã«æŒãŠã¯ãäŸçµŠåæå ¥å£ïŒãã®ç¹èš±ã«
æŒãŠNo.18ïŒã¯çæç©åºå£ã§ããåŸãããšã決å®ã
ããã以äžã¯æ¬çºæã®é«è»åç¹ããããããã«ã
ãŠçæãããã®äŸãšããŠåœ¹ç«ã€ã§ãããã ïŒå¹³æ¹ãã€ãŒãïŒ0.09m2ïŒã®èžçºé¢ããã¡ããŒ
ã¿ãŒã®çŸœæ ¹ãå£ãã1/16â³ïŒ1.6mmïŒã¯ãªããã¢ãŒ
ãã¶ã³ããŒããµãŒã å¡åžèèžçºåšã䜿çšããŠãå€
æ°ã®å®éšãè¡ãªã€ãã䜿çšèžçºåšã¯åæµåŒã®æ°Žå¹³
åã§ãããããªãã¡ã液äœãšèžæ°ã¯å察æ¹åã«ç§»
åããã䜿çšåçž®åšã¯è£ 眮ã®å€ã«ãããå®éšã«ã¯
æ©æ¢°çç空ãã³ãã®åã«äžåã®ãã©ãããèšããŠ
ïŒåºäœ¿çšããã䜿çšããè£ çœ®ã¯å¿ èŠãšãã枩床ã®
éæåã³ç¶æã®ããã«ã¬ã©ã¹ç¹ç¶æç±æã§ä»¥ãŠå³
éã«æç±ããã䜿çšããç³»ã®æš¡åã第ïŒå³ã«ç€º
ãã ç°¡åã«èª¬æãããšãâ240ãããææã溶è
ã¿ã³ã¯ïŒã«æŒãŠæº¶èãããããã«å ç«ã¡ã觊åªåŸ®
åãå«ãäžçŽç©ãéããŠé€ããé 管ïŒãéãè
å§ãã«ãïŒãçµãŠãŒãã¹ãã³ãïŒã«ãã€ãŠå¡åžè
èžçºåšïŒã®äžã«ãã³ãã§ç§»éãããå¡åžèèžçºåš
ïŒã貯槜ïŒã«å ¥ããç±æ²¹ã«ãã€ãŠå ç±ããããã¯
é 管ïŒãéããŠèèèžçºåšãžãã³ãã§ç§»éããã
ãããææãèèèžçºåšïŒã®äžã§åŠçãããšãã
èžæ°ã¯é 管ïŒãçµãŠéã第äžåçž®åšåã³é 管ïŒïŒ
ã§ã€ãªãã 第äºåçž®åšã®äžã§åçž®ããããèžæ°ã¯
次ã«å°ç®¡ïŒïŒãéã€ãŠã³ãŒã«ããã©ããïŒïŒã®äž
ã«å ¥ãé 管ïŒïŒãéã€ãŠåºãããã®ç³»ã«ã¯ç空ã
ã³ãïŒïŒããç空ãä»äžãããè£å©ç空ãã³ãïŒ
ïŒãäž»ç空ãã³ãæ éã®å Žåã«æºåãããŠããã ïŒæéããã15ãã20ãã³ãïŒ6.75ãã9.0KgïŒ
ã®ãããäŸçµŠé床ã䜿çšããããã«ããé«è»åç¹
ã®ããããæ¯æçŽ10ãã³ãïŒ4.5KgïŒçæããã
è»åç¹ããããã®ã«èŠããæéã¯å ãã«ïŒç§ãã
15ç§ã§ãããçšãã絶察å§åã¯çŽ0.1ããŒã«ãã
0.5ããŒã«ã§ãããè£ çœ®ã®æž©åºŠã¯çŽ377âïŒ710ãïŒ
ã§å®å®åãããã第衚ã¯å®éšèšå·1008ã1009ã
åã³1010ã®äžã€ã®å®éšã®çµæã瀺ãã
ããããææãã€ããããã«ã第衚ã®ãããã
è»åç¹ãçŽ249âïŒ480ãïŒãŸãã¯ãã以äžãžäžã
第衚ã«ç€ºããç¹æ§ãä»äžããããã«åŠçããã
ãã®ããã«ããŠã€ãã€ããããã¯éã¡ãœããšãŒãº
ã®ãããã§ãããéã¡ãœããšãŒãºãçŽïŒééïŒ ã
ãå°ãªãããããæå³ããããã®ãããªãããã¯
äžè¬ã«ã¯åœæ¥ã«æŒãŠçæ¹æ§ããããšãã°ããäŸã
ã°ããããæ¹åã®è»žã«æ²¿ã€ãŠæž¬å®ãããšãã«åã
å€ã®å ç·ééã®ãããªç©ççæ§è³ªã瀺ããããã§
ããã ãã®ããã«ãããææã補é ããåªåã«æŒãŠã
åçš®ã®æ¹æ³ãè©Šã¿ãããŠããããã®çµæã奜ãŸã
ãææ³ã¯å¡åžèèžçºåšã䜿çšããããšãå«ãããš
ãçºèŠãããããã®ææ³ã¯çæç©ã®ç±çé²åºæé
ãæžãããåŸã€ãŠããè¯å¥œãªãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœã
æäŸãããé©åœãªå¡åžèèžçºåšã¯ããµããŠãŒã»ã
ãå·ãŠãªã«ãµã ã®ã¢ãŒãã¶ã³ã€ã³ãã¹ããªãŒç€Ÿã«
ãã補é ãããããŒããµãŒã ã®åæšã§è²©å£²ãããŠ
ãããããã¯ä¹±æµãã€ã«ã ïŒturbulant filmïŒå
çã§äœåããåŽé¢ã®ççŽããªæ©æ¢°çã«å©ãããã
èèåŠçæ©ã§ããããã®è£ 眮ã®äžã«å ¥ãäŸçµŠåæ
äŸãã°ãããææã¯é å¿åã«ãã€ãŠå ç±ãããèž
çºåšã®å£ãžåããŠæãåºãããŠå£ãšããŒã¿ãŒã®çŸœ
æ ¹å 端ãšã®éã«ä¹±æµãã€ã«ã ã圢æããããã®ä¹±
æµçã«æµåãããã€ã«ã ã¯èžçºé床ãšç¡é¢ä¿ã«å š
å£é¢ãèœããææã¯å ãæ°ç§éé«æž©ãžé²åºãã
ããããŒããµãŒã å¡åžèèžçºåšã¯äžè¬ã«ã¯æ¬æ现
æžã«æŒãŠåŒçšããŠããã¢ã³ãã€ã®ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬
3348600å·åã³ã¢ã³ãã€ã®ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬3349828å·ã«
æŒãŠç€ºãããŠããããã®600ã®ç¹èš±ã«æŒãŠèªãã
ããããã«ãå ¥å£ãšåºå£ã®äœçœ®ãåçš®ã«å€ããã
ãšãã§ãããäºå®ãããŒããµãŒã å¡åžèèžçºåšã®
å®éã®æäœã«æŒãŠã¯ãäŸçµŠåæå ¥å£ïŒãã®ç¹èš±ã«
æŒãŠNo.18ïŒã¯çæç©åºå£ã§ããåŸãããšã決å®ã
ããã以äžã¯æ¬çºæã®é«è»åç¹ããããããã«ã
ãŠçæãããã®äŸãšããŠåœ¹ç«ã€ã§ãããã ïŒå¹³æ¹ãã€ãŒãïŒ0.09m2ïŒã®èžçºé¢ããã¡ããŒ
ã¿ãŒã®çŸœæ ¹ãå£ãã1/16â³ïŒ1.6mmïŒã¯ãªããã¢ãŒ
ãã¶ã³ããŒããµãŒã å¡åžèèžçºåšã䜿çšããŠãå€
æ°ã®å®éšãè¡ãªã€ãã䜿çšèžçºåšã¯åæµåŒã®æ°Žå¹³
åã§ãããããªãã¡ã液äœãšèžæ°ã¯å察æ¹åã«ç§»
åããã䜿çšåçž®åšã¯è£ 眮ã®å€ã«ãããå®éšã«ã¯
æ©æ¢°çç空ãã³ãã®åã«äžåã®ãã©ãããèšããŠ
ïŒåºäœ¿çšããã䜿çšããè£ çœ®ã¯å¿ èŠãšãã枩床ã®
éæåã³ç¶æã®ããã«ã¬ã©ã¹ç¹ç¶æç±æã§ä»¥ãŠå³
éã«æç±ããã䜿çšããç³»ã®æš¡åã第ïŒå³ã«ç€º
ãã ç°¡åã«èª¬æãããšãâ240ãããææã溶è
ã¿ã³ã¯ïŒã«æŒãŠæº¶èãããããã«å ç«ã¡ã觊åªåŸ®
åãå«ãäžçŽç©ãéããŠé€ããé 管ïŒãéãè
å§ãã«ãïŒãçµãŠãŒãã¹ãã³ãïŒã«ãã€ãŠå¡åžè
èžçºåšïŒã®äžã«ãã³ãã§ç§»éãããå¡åžèèžçºåš
ïŒã貯槜ïŒã«å ¥ããç±æ²¹ã«ãã€ãŠå ç±ããããã¯
é 管ïŒãéããŠèèèžçºåšãžãã³ãã§ç§»éããã
ãããææãèèèžçºåšïŒã®äžã§åŠçãããšãã
èžæ°ã¯é 管ïŒãçµãŠéã第äžåçž®åšåã³é 管ïŒïŒ
ã§ã€ãªãã 第äºåçž®åšã®äžã§åçž®ããããèžæ°ã¯
次ã«å°ç®¡ïŒïŒãéã€ãŠã³ãŒã«ããã©ããïŒïŒã®äž
ã«å ¥ãé 管ïŒïŒãéã€ãŠåºãããã®ç³»ã«ã¯ç空ã
ã³ãïŒïŒããç空ãä»äžãããè£å©ç空ãã³ãïŒ
ïŒãäž»ç空ãã³ãæ éã®å Žåã«æºåãããŠããã ïŒæéããã15ãã20ãã³ãïŒ6.75ãã9.0KgïŒ
ã®ãããäŸçµŠé床ã䜿çšããããã«ããé«è»åç¹
ã®ããããæ¯æçŽ10ãã³ãïŒ4.5KgïŒçæããã
è»åç¹ããããã®ã«èŠããæéã¯å ãã«ïŒç§ãã
15ç§ã§ãããçšãã絶察å§åã¯çŽ0.1ããŒã«ãã
0.5ããŒã«ã§ãããè£ çœ®ã®æž©åºŠã¯çŽ377âïŒ710ãïŒ
ã§å®å®åãããã第衚ã¯å®éšèšå·1008ã1009ã
åã³1010ã®äžã€ã®å®éšã®çµæã瀺ãã
ãè¡šã
çªå·
â» ããã¯ãã³ãã¯ãã¡ãŒã¿ãŒã«ãã25
âã§æž¬å®(gãc.c.)ã
æ¯èŒã®ç®çã§ããããææã次ã®æ¹æ³ã§ã€ã
ããå®éšèšå·ã¯ïŒ¡â410âVRãšããããã¹ãŠã®
çæç©ã¯çŽ210âïŒ410ãïŒã®è»åç¹ããã€ãŠã
ããåè¿°ã®æ £çšç補åâ240ããããïŒãã¯ã
ã³ã®ã¬ã©ã¹ãã¢ã€ããŒç¹ããã€ã«ã¿ãŒãéããŠ
éãããçŽ250ãã³ãïŒ112KgïŒã®ãã®ããããæ £
çšã®ç空èžæºåšã®äžã«å ¥ãã次ãã§343â371â
ïŒ650â700ãïŒãžå ç±ããïŒããŒã«ããïŒããŒã«
ã®éãžç空ãšããã第衚(A)åã³(B)ã¯ããã補é
æ¹æ³ã«é¢ããè¿œå æ å ±ãšåŸãããæ§è³ªãæäŸã
ãã
â» ããã¯ãã³ãã¯ãã¡ãŒã¿ãŒã«ãã25
âã§æž¬å®(gãc.c.)ã
æ¯èŒã®ç®çã§ããããææã次ã®æ¹æ³ã§ã€ã
ããå®éšèšå·ã¯ïŒ¡â410âVRãšããããã¹ãŠã®
çæç©ã¯çŽ210âïŒ410ãïŒã®è»åç¹ããã€ãŠã
ããåè¿°ã®æ £çšç補åâ240ããããïŒãã¯ã
ã³ã®ã¬ã©ã¹ãã¢ã€ããŒç¹ããã€ã«ã¿ãŒãéããŠ
éãããçŽ250ãã³ãïŒ112KgïŒã®ãã®ããããæ £
çšã®ç空èžæºåšã®äžã«å ¥ãã次ãã§343â371â
ïŒ650â700ãïŒãžå ç±ããïŒããŒã«ããïŒããŒã«
ã®éãžç空ãšããã第衚(A)åã³(B)ã¯ããã補é
æ¹æ³ã«é¢ããè¿œå æ å ±ãšåŸãããæ§è³ªãæäŸã
ãã
ãè¡šã
ãè¡šã
ãã¢ã€ããŒã®åŠçïŒ
ããã«åŠçããããšãªãããã®è»åç¹ã®äžãã€
ããããïŒARâ510âTFïŒç¬¬è¡šã®å®éš1009ïŒ
ããã³ãã€ã³ãã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3615995å·å
ã³ãã³ãã€ã³ãã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3684415å·ã«
èšèŒã®ã¿ã€ãã®ã¡ã«ããããŒæŒåºæ©ãžäŸçµŠããã
ãããã®ç¹èš±ã¯ç±å¯å¡æ§ç©è³ªã®ã¡ã«ããããŒã®æ
æ³ãè¿°ã¹ãŠããããã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããŠã¯ã溶èç¶ã®
ãã¢ã€ããŒåœ¢ææ§ç±å¯å¡æš¹èãé©åœãªåŸã®è€æ°å
ã®ãªãªãã€ã¹ããåããŠããäžæŽ»æ§ç±ã¬ã¹æµã®äž
ã«æŒåºãããã®ã¬ã¹ã¯ãã®æº¶èç©è³ªããã¢ã€ããš
ããŠçŽ°ãããããã«ãªãªãã€ã¹ããšããããã§ã
ãããã®è¿åã«ããåºå£ããå¹ãåºãããããã®
ãã¢ã€ããŒãäžã€ã®ãã¢ã€ããŒæµã圢æãããäž
掻æ§ç±ã¬ã¹æµã¯ãªãªãã€ã¹ããåºããã€ã©ã¡ã³ã
ãšåãããããã¯ããããé«ãç·é床ã§æµããåŸ
ã€ãŠãã€ã©ã¡ã³ãããã®ã¬ã¹æµã«ãã€ãŠåŒãåºã
ããããã«ãªãããã¢ã€ããŒã¯ããã®æµãã®éè·¯
ã®äžã®ååšäžã«éããããŠäžç¹ãããã圢æã
ãã ãã¢ã€ããŒã¯ïŒ¡â410âVRïŒå®éšçªå·5521ïŒã
çšããŠåæ§ã«ã€ããããã å®å®ååã³çå ãã¢ã€ããŒã次ã«ä»¥äžã®ããã«å®å®åããã
ARâ510âTFããã€ãã€ããã¢ã€ããŒãç¹ã«é©
ããŠããããšãããã€ãç¹æ®ãªå ç±ãµã€ã¯ã«ã«ã
ã€ãŠç©ºæ°äžã§ããŸãå®å®åããããããå ·äœçã«
ããã°ã第ïŒå³ã«ç€ºãå®å®åãµã€ã¯ã«ã¯100å以
äžã®æéã§ãã¢ã€ããŒãå®å®åããã®ã«å¹æçã«
æ¡çšã§ããããšãå®éšçã«æ±ºå®ããããããã®æ
éã¯åæ¥çåºæºãšèª¿åããæéã§ãããããã«å ·
äœçã«ããã°ããã®100åãµã€ã¯ã«ã¯ãã®ããã
ãã¢ã€ããŒãåé§äœãããã®ã¬ã©ã¹è»¢ç§»ç¹ïŒïŒŽ
ïœïŒïŒããªãã¡çŽ180âã356ããïŒããçŽ11âïŒ20
ãïŒäœãçŽ50åéä¿æããããšããæãç«ã€ãŠã
ããç¶ããŠçŽ200âïŒ392ãïŒãžæž©åºŠãäžãã30å
éãã®æž©åºŠã«ä¿ã€ã枩床ã次ã«çŽ265âïŒ509ãïŒ
ãžäžãããã¢ã€ããŒã10åéä¿æãããæåŸã«ã
ãã¢ã€ããŒãçŽ305âïŒ581ãïŒãžå ç±ãããã®æž©
床ã§10åéä¿æããããããã®ãã¢ã€ããŒãçŽ
1100âïŒ2000ãïŒãžçªçŽ é°å²æ°äžã§ïŒæéå ç±ã
ãŠã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãžè»¢åãããã®ã¡ãããã®
ãã¢ã€ããŒã®ç©ççæ§è³ªã¯ç¬¬è¡šã«ç€ºãããŠã
ãã ãé žåãç°å¢ãšã¯ãé žåé°å²æ°ãŸãã¯ãã¢ã€ã
ãŒè¡šé¢å éšãŸãã¯è¡šé¢äžã«å«æµžãããé žåæ§ç©è³ª
ã®ãããããæå³ãããé žåé°å²æ°ã¯ç©ºæ°ãé ž
çŽ ãè£åŒ·ç©ºæ°ãé žçŽ ããªãŸã³ãçªçŽ é žåç©ãç¡«é»
é žåç©ããªã©ã®ãããªã¬ã¹ããæãç«ã¡åŸããå«
浞ãããé žåæ§ç©è³ªã¯ç¡«é»ãçªçŽ é žåç©ãç¡«é»é ž
åç©ãéé žåç©ãéç¡«é žå¡©ããªã©ã®ãããªå€æ°ã®
é žåå€ã®ãããã§ãããåŸãã
ããããïŒARâ510âTFïŒç¬¬è¡šã®å®éš1009ïŒ
ããã³ãã€ã³ãã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3615995å·å
ã³ãã³ãã€ã³ãã®ç±³åœç¹èš±æ现æžç¬¬3684415å·ã«
èšèŒã®ã¿ã€ãã®ã¡ã«ããããŒæŒåºæ©ãžäŸçµŠããã
ãããã®ç¹èš±ã¯ç±å¯å¡æ§ç©è³ªã®ã¡ã«ããããŒã®æ
æ³ãè¿°ã¹ãŠããããã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããŠã¯ã溶èç¶ã®
ãã¢ã€ããŒåœ¢ææ§ç±å¯å¡æš¹èãé©åœãªåŸã®è€æ°å
ã®ãªãªãã€ã¹ããåããŠããäžæŽ»æ§ç±ã¬ã¹æµã®äž
ã«æŒåºãããã®ã¬ã¹ã¯ãã®æº¶èç©è³ªããã¢ã€ããš
ããŠçŽ°ãããããã«ãªãªãã€ã¹ããšããããã§ã
ãããã®è¿åã«ããåºå£ããå¹ãåºãããããã®
ãã¢ã€ããŒãäžã€ã®ãã¢ã€ããŒæµã圢æãããäž
掻æ§ç±ã¬ã¹æµã¯ãªãªãã€ã¹ããåºããã€ã©ã¡ã³ã
ãšåãããããã¯ããããé«ãç·é床ã§æµããåŸ
ã€ãŠãã€ã©ã¡ã³ãããã®ã¬ã¹æµã«ãã€ãŠåŒãåºã
ããããã«ãªãããã¢ã€ããŒã¯ããã®æµãã®éè·¯
ã®äžã®ååšäžã«éããããŠäžç¹ãããã圢æã
ãã ãã¢ã€ããŒã¯ïŒ¡â410âVRïŒå®éšçªå·5521ïŒã
çšããŠåæ§ã«ã€ããããã å®å®ååã³çå ãã¢ã€ããŒã次ã«ä»¥äžã®ããã«å®å®åããã
ARâ510âTFããã€ãã€ããã¢ã€ããŒãç¹ã«é©
ããŠããããšãããã€ãç¹æ®ãªå ç±ãµã€ã¯ã«ã«ã
ã€ãŠç©ºæ°äžã§ããŸãå®å®åããããããå ·äœçã«
ããã°ã第ïŒå³ã«ç€ºãå®å®åãµã€ã¯ã«ã¯100å以
äžã®æéã§ãã¢ã€ããŒãå®å®åããã®ã«å¹æçã«
æ¡çšã§ããããšãå®éšçã«æ±ºå®ããããããã®æ
éã¯åæ¥çåºæºãšèª¿åããæéã§ãããããã«å ·
äœçã«ããã°ããã®100åãµã€ã¯ã«ã¯ãã®ããã
ãã¢ã€ããŒãåé§äœãããã®ã¬ã©ã¹è»¢ç§»ç¹ïŒïŒŽ
ïœïŒïŒããªãã¡çŽ180âã356ããïŒããçŽ11âïŒ20
ãïŒäœãçŽ50åéä¿æããããšããæãç«ã€ãŠã
ããç¶ããŠçŽ200âïŒ392ãïŒãžæž©åºŠãäžãã30å
éãã®æž©åºŠã«ä¿ã€ã枩床ã次ã«çŽ265âïŒ509ãïŒ
ãžäžãããã¢ã€ããŒã10åéä¿æãããæåŸã«ã
ãã¢ã€ããŒãçŽ305âïŒ581ãïŒãžå ç±ãããã®æž©
床ã§10åéä¿æããããããã®ãã¢ã€ããŒãçŽ
1100âïŒ2000ãïŒãžçªçŽ é°å²æ°äžã§ïŒæéå ç±ã
ãŠã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒãžè»¢åãããã®ã¡ãããã®
ãã¢ã€ããŒã®ç©ççæ§è³ªã¯ç¬¬è¡šã«ç€ºãããŠã
ãã ãé žåãç°å¢ãšã¯ãé žåé°å²æ°ãŸãã¯ãã¢ã€ã
ãŒè¡šé¢å éšãŸãã¯è¡šé¢äžã«å«æµžãããé žåæ§ç©è³ª
ã®ãããããæå³ãããé žåé°å²æ°ã¯ç©ºæ°ãé ž
çŽ ãè£åŒ·ç©ºæ°ãé žçŽ ããªãŸã³ãçªçŽ é žåç©ãç¡«é»
é žåç©ããªã©ã®ãããªã¬ã¹ããæãç«ã¡åŸããå«
浞ãããé žåæ§ç©è³ªã¯ç¡«é»ãçªçŽ é žåç©ãç¡«é»é ž
åç©ãéé žåç©ãéç¡«é žå¡©ããªã©ã®ãããªå€æ°ã®
é žåå€ã®ãããã§ãããåŸãã
ãè¡šã
â410âVRããã€ãã€ããã¢ã€ããŒãå®å®
åããããã«ã¯ã36æéã«ãããå ç±ãµã€ã¯ã«ã
å¿ èŠãšãããããå ·äœçã«ããã°ããããã®ãã¢
ã€ããŒã¯çŽ152âïŒ306ãïŒã®æž©åºŠã§24æéä¿æ
ãã次ãã§301âïŒ574ãïŒãžæž©åºŠãäžããããã§
12æéä¿æããããšã«ãã€ãŠå®å®åãããã枩床
ãäžããããããæéãçãããšããã¢ã€ããŒã¯
溶èãã¯ãããããšã®å·¥çšäžã§èçãããé©åã«
åŠçããããšãã®ãã¢ã€ããŒã¯ããã1200â
ïŒ2192ãïŒãžçªçŽ é°å²æ°äžã§å ç±ããããšã«ãã€
ãŠçåããããâ410âVRããã€ãã€ãã«ãŒ
ãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒã®ç©ççæ§è³ªã¯ç¬¬è¡šã«ç€ºããã
第衚ã«ç€ºãéãARâ510âTFããã€ãã€ãã
ã¢ã€ããŒã®æ§è³ªãšã»ãŒçããããããã¯ããå£ã€
ãŠããã äžèšã®éããARâ510âTFãããã¯ä»ã®é«è»
åç¹ã®ãããææããã€ãã€ããã¢ã€ããŒã®ç©ºæ°
å®å®åã«æŒãŠã¯ããã¢ã€ããŒããŸããããåé§äœ
ã®ã¬ã©ã¹è»¢ç§»ç¹ããçŽïŒãã11âïŒ10ãã20ãïŒ
äœã枩床ãžå ç±ãããã®åŸçŽ50åã®æéã®åŸã«æ¬¡
ã«299â316âïŒ570â600ãïŒãžãã¢ã€ããŒãå®å®
åããããŸã§å ç±ããå Žåã«ã空æ°å®å®åãã¯ã
ãã«å¹æçã§ããããšãçºèŠãããã®ã§ãããã
ãã§ãããã¬ã©ã¹è»¢ç§»ç¹ãã¯ã¬ã©ã¹ç¶ç©è³ªãèšè¹
ä¿æ°ã®å€åãåãã枩床ã§ããããšãã«ã¯ããã¯
å¿åç·©åãšé¢é£ãããïœã枬å®ããã«ã¯ç±æ©æ¢°
çåæãé©åãªåææ³ã§ãããçšããæé ã¯ãã
ããã¢ã€ããŒã®å°éšåã磚ç ãããã0.25â³çŽåŸ
Ã0.125â³ïŒ6.3mmçŽåŸÃ3.2mmïŒã®ã«ããã®äžã«è©°ã
ãããšããæããåé圢ã®ãããŒãããã®è¡šé¢ãš
æ¥è§Šããã10ïœã®è·éããããããããŒãã®äŸµå ¥
ããè©Šæã10âïŒåã§çªçŽ é°å²æ°äžã§å ç±ãããš
ãã®æž©åºŠã®é¢æ°ãšããŠæž¬å®ãããã¬ã©ã¹è»¢ç§»æž©åºŠ
ããïŒâ11âïŒ10â20ãïŒäœã枩床ã«æŒãŠã¯ãã
ã¢ã€ããŒã¯ãã®ç¡¬ããä¿ã¡äžæ¹åæã«ãã®æž©åºŠã¯
æºè¶³ãã¹ãå®å®åããããããšã蚱容ããæé«æž©
床ã瀺ãããã®æž©åºŠã¯ãã¢ã€ããŒâãã¢ã€ããŒã®
èçããããåŸã枩床ããäœã枩床ã§ããããã¢
ã€ããŒããã®æž©åºŠã§ã¹ãã³ã圢æããã®ã«ååãª
æéã®éå ç±ããã®ã¡ã次ã«ãäžãã枩床ãé žå
ããããã¢ã€ããŒã®ã¬ã©ã¹è»¢ç§»æž©åºŠããäœããªã
ãããªé床ã§æž©åºŠãäžããããšãã§ãããã«ãŒã
ã³ãã¢ã€ããŒã®é žåäžã«ã¬ã©ã¹è»¢ç§»æž©åºŠãäžã
ããç±äžãäžã«ãã®æž©åºŠãã¬ã©ã¹è»¢ç§»æž©åºŠããïŒ
ãã11âïŒ10ãã20ãïŒäœãä¿ã€ããšã«ãã€ãŠã
ãã¢ã€ããŒã®æãŸãããªã溶èãããããªãããš
ãçºèŠãããã枩床ãäžãããšé žåé床ãå¢ãã
éã«å®å®åæéãçãããªãã äžèšã®è«žè¡šã«æŒãŠèªããããããã«ãARâ
510âTFããããã¢ã€ããŒã¯ïŒ¡â410âVRãã¢
ã€ããŒããããã€ãšçããæéã§å®å®åã§ããã
å®éã«ãå®å®åã«èŠããæéã¯ïŒ¡â410âVRã
ããããã€ãã€ããã¢ã€ããŒãããã»ãŒ25åé·
ãããã®å®å®åæéã®ççž®ã¯äžéšã«ã¯ããããã¢
ã€ããŒã®è»åç¹äžæã«åºå ããŠãããããã¯ãã¢
ã€ããŒããã€ãšé«ãåæå®å®å枩床ãžå ç±ããã
ããšãå¯èœã«ãããã®ã§ããããŸãå®è³ªçéšåãš
ããŠã¯ããäœãè»åç¹ã®ãããææããã®å Žåãš
æ¯ã¹ãåé§äœãããææç©è³ªã®åå¿æ§å¢å ã«åºå
ããŠããã äžèšã®éããå¡åžèèžçºåšã®äœ¿çšã¯çŸåšå¥œãŸã
ãæ¹æ³ã§ããããªããªãã°é«ãç±å¹çãé«æž©ãžã®
çæç©ã®é²åºãæžããããšã«é£ãããåŸã€ãŠç²åºŠ
ãããé«ãåæ£çžããªãã¡ã¡ãœããšãŒãºã®åœ¢æã
æå°åããããšã«ãªãããã§ããããã®ã¡ãœããš
ãŒãºã¯ãã¢ã€ããŒåœ¢æäœæ¥ã«æŒãŠå°é£ããããã
ãã€æçµè£œåãã¢ã€ããŒäžã«çµæçäžé£ç¶é åã
çããããããšã«ãªããã®ã§ããã å®å®åãµã€ã¯ã«ã®ççž®ã倧éšåããããææã®
ç°ãªãååŠççµæã«åºå ããããšã瀺ãããã«ã
次ã®ãã¹ããå®æœãããäºã€ã®ããããARâ
510âTFïŒå®éš1009ïŒåã³ïŒ¡â438âVRïŒå®éš
5053ïŒã®è©Šæãç²ç ããŠâ100ã¡ãã·ãŠïŒ200ã¡ã
ã·ãŠïŒããªãã¡â150ïŒ75ãã¯ãã³ïŒã§ç¯©ã«ããã
次ã«160âïŒ320ãïŒã182âïŒ360ãïŒãåã³190â
ïŒ375ãïŒã§åŸªç°ããç±ç©ºæ°äžã§å ç±ãããè©Šæã
16æéãš165æéã®éã®çš®ã ã®æéã§ãšãåºãã
è©Šæãééæžãšãã·ã¬ã³äžæº¶åã®äž¡æ¹ã«ã€ããŠå
æããããã·ã¬ã³äžæº¶å察æéãäžæ¬¡é¢ä¿ãšããŠ
ããããããããšã«ãã€ãŠé床ææ°ãèŠåºããã
ã®è©äŸ¡ããARâ510âTFïŒå®éš1009ïŒã¯ïŒ¡â430
âVRïŒå®éš5053ïŒããå®è³ªçã«æ©ãé žåããã
ãšãããããããèšç®ããé床ææ°ã¯çŽ25åæ©
ããå®éã®è©Šéšçµæãšåççã«ããçžé¢ãã姿ã§
ããã15ç§ä»¥äžã§ã€ãã€ãæ¬çºæã®é«è»åç¹ãã
ãã¯åŸæ¥ã®ããããããå®è³ªçã«ããé«ãåå¿æ§
ããã€ãŠããã å¡åžèèžçºä»¥å€ã®åçš®æ¹æ³ã掻æ§ã«æªã圱é¿ã
åãŒãããšãªããããã®è»åç¹ãå¢ãã®ã«äœ¿çšã
ãŠããã溶å€æœåºãé žåãçªçŽ ã«ããè¿œãåºãã
åã³ãã©ãã·ãŠèžæºããçšããŠãããåã ã®ç°¡å
ãªèª¬æãããã§è¡ãªãã é«è»åç¹ãããææãã€ããã®ã«äœ¿ããäžã€ã®
æ¹æ³ã¯æº¶å€æœåºã§ãããäžã€ã®æœåºæ¹æ³ã䜿çšã§
ããããããã¯(1)è¶ èšçïŒsupercriticalïŒæœåºã
(2)æ £çšçæœåºã(7)å溶å€æœåºã§ããããããã®æ¹
æ³ã¯ããããåãã枩床ã倧ãã«äžããåŸã€ãŠã
ãè¯å¥œãªãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœãæäŸãããæœåºã¯äœ
ååéç©è³ªãé€å»ãåŸã€ãŠé«è»åç¹é«ååéã®ã
ã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœãæ®çãããäžã€ã®æ¹æ³ã§ããã è¶ èšçæœåºã«æŒãŠã¯ãããããå§å容åšã®äžã«
ãã³ãã§éã蟌ã¿ããã§æº¶å€ã®èšçå§ä»¥äžã®å§å
ã§æº¶å€ã§é£ç¶çã«æœåºããããã®ç®çã«äœ¿çšãã
æ®éã®æº¶å€ã¯ãã«ãã«çåæ°ŽçŽ ã§ããããããã«
éå®ãããããšã¯ãªããå¯æº¶åããããããã®éš
åãšäžç·ã®æº¶å€ãäžé£ã®å§å段ééäžå®¹åšãžé€å»
ãããã§æº¶å€ããã©ãã·ãŠãããããããã®äžæº¶
éšåãåå¿åšã®åºãããšãåºãããã®äžæº¶éšåã
ãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœãšããŠäœ¿çšããããã®äžæº¶éšã®
è»åç¹ã¯æœåºãè¡ãªã枩床ãå€ããããšã«ãã€ãŠ
調ç¯ããã è¶ èšçæœåºã®äžã€ã®å©ç¹ã¯ãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœã
ããã粟補ããã®ã«äœ¿çšã§ããããšã§ããããã
ããç¡æ©è³ªäžçŽç©åã³ç²ç¶ç©ãå«ãããšã¯åã«è¿°
ã¹ããå°ããšã95ïŒ ã®ããããæœåºãã溶å€ãçš
ããããšã«ããç¡æ©è³ªäžçŽç©åã³ç²ç¶ç©ã¯ããã
ã®ïŒïŒ 以äžãæ§æããäžæº¶éšã®äžã«æ®ãåŸããã
ã®ç¬¬äžã®æœåºããåŸããããããã®å°ããšã95ïŒ
ã次ã«äžè¿°ã®éãè¶ èšççã«æœåºããŠç¡æ©è³ªäžçŽ
ç©åã³ç²ç¶ç©ãå«ãŸãªãé«è»åç¹ãããåé§äœã
çããããã 䜿çšã§ããæœåºã®ããäžã€ã®æ¹æ³ã¯å溶å€æœåº
ã§ããããã®æœåºæ¹æ³ãç¡æ©è³ªäžçŽç©åã³ç²ç¶ç©
ãå«ãŸãªããã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœããããã€ããã®ã«
䜿çšã§ãããåºçºããããã¯ãããã«ã ã®ãããª
溶å€ã«æº¶è§£ããããã¯ãããã®å°ããšã95ïŒ ã溶
解ããããã®ãããïŒã¯ãããã«ã 溶液ã次ã«å°
åã®ãã€ã«ã¿ãŒãéããŠéããããã®é段é
ã¯ç¡æ©è³ªäžçŽç©ãšç²ç¶ç©ãé€å»ããããããïŒã¯
ãããã«ã 溶液ã次ã«ããããã«å¯ŸããŠéå®ãã
ã溶解æ§ããã€ãã«ãã«çåæ°ŽçŽ ã®ãããªæº¶å€ã§
以ãŠçšéããããã«ãã«çåæ°ŽçŽ ãæ·»å ãããšã
äžæº¶ã®ããããæ²æŸ±ãã¯ãããããã«ãã«çåæ°Ž
çŽ ã®æ·»å å®äºåŸã溶液ãéãããéã«ãã€ãŠ
é€ãããäžæº¶éšåã¯ç¡æ©è³ªäžçŽç©åã³ç²ç¶ç©ãå«
ãŸãªãé«è»åç¹ãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœãããã§ããã
ãã®äžæº¶éšåã®è»åç¹ã¯ãããïŒã¯ãããã«ã 溶
液ãžã®ãã«ãã«çåæ°ŽçŽ ã®æ·»å éã«ãã€ãŠèª¿ç¯ã
ãã é«è»åç¹ãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœããããã€ããã®ã«
çšãåŸãããäžã€ã®æœåºæ¹æ³ã¯ç³æ²¹ç²Ÿè£œæ¥è ã®æº¶
å€è±ã¢ã¹ãã¢ã«ãã«æŒãŠäœ¿çšããããããªæ £çšç
溶å€æœåºã§ãããããããæœåºå®¹åšäžã§æœåºæº¶å€
ãçšããŠäžãããã枩床åã³å§åã«æŒãŠæœåºã
ãããã®ç®çã®ããã®éåžžã®æº¶å€ã¯ãã«ãã«çå
æ°ŽçŽ ã§ããããããã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã
å¯æº¶åããããããã®éšåãšäžç·ã®æº¶å€ããã©ã
ã·ãŠèžæºå®€ãžãšãåºãããã§æº¶å€ãé€ããããã
ã®äžæº¶éšåãæœåºåšã®åºãããšãåºãããã®äžæº¶
éšåã®è»åç¹ã¯æœåºæ¡ä»¶ã®ãã³ãããå€ããããš
ã«ãã€ãŠèª¿ç¯ããã é«è»åç¹ããããã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœãã€ããã®ã«
䜿çšããããšãã§ããããäžã€ã®æ¹æ³ã¯é žåã§ã
ããé žåã¯æ¥è§Šçã§ãã€ãŠãéæ¥è§Šçã§ãã€ãŠã
ãããããããé«æž©ã«ãããæéã¯ããããŠé·ã
ããæ é žåå€ã®æž©åºŠãé«ããªããããªããã泚æ
ãå¿ èŠã§ããã泚æãããããã°ã¡ãœããšãŒãºã
å«ãŸãªãããããã€ããããšãå¯èœã§ãããé žå
ã¯èžæºã«ãã€ãŠäœååéååãé€ãããããŠïŒãŸ
ãã¯ïŒããããåå¿ãããŠãã倧ããååã圢æ
ãããããšã«ãã€ãŠé€ãäž¡è ãå«ãæ¹æ³ã§ããã
é žåã¯åååŒåå¿ãé£ç¶åŒåå¿ã®ãããã§ããã
ãšãã§ããã ãããã¯250â300âã®æž©åºŠã«æŒãŠåååŒãé£ç¶
åŒã®é žååšäžã§é žåããããé žåçšã¬ã¹ã¯ç©ºæ°ã
é žçŽ ãå¢ãã空æ°ãNO2åã³SO2ã®ãããªã¬ã¹ã®
ã©ãã§ããããæãŸãããªãã¡ãœããšãŒãºã®åœ¢æ
ãé¿ããããã«é žååšã®æž©åºŠãçŽ300âããããª
ãããã«æ³šæããã°ãªããªãããã®æ¹æ³ã¯æãŸã
ãã®æãå°ããææ³ã®äžã€ã§ãããããããããª
ãã®é«æž©åºŠãžãããæéã倧ã§ã¡ãœããšãŒãºåœ¢æ
ã®å±éºãããããã§ãããé žåã¯ä»»æã®æ°ã®é žå
觊åªã®æ·»å ã«ãã€ãŠæ¥è§Šçã«å®æœããããšãã§ã
ãããããã®è§Šåªã¯FeCl3ãP2O5ãããŒãªããµã€
ããNa2CO3ããªã©ãå«ãã觊åªã¯ãŸããã¢ã€ã
ãŒå®å®åçšè§ŠåªãšããŠäœçšãåŸããšããç¹ã§å¥ã®
æ©èœãæããåŸããå®å®åã¯åçŽã«ã¯äžã€ã®é žå
å·¥çšã§ããã é«è»åç¹ãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœã補é ããã®ã«äœ¿çš
ã§ããããäžã€ã®æ¹æ³ã¯ããããšç¡«é»ãšã®åå¿ã§
ãããç¡«é»ã¯ãããã®ååãè±æ°ŽçŽ ã亀差çµåã
ãç¹ã«æŒãŠé žçŽ ãšå šãåãæ©èœãæãããç¡«é»ã¯
ãããŠãã¯å°ååããããåå¿ãããããšã«ãã€
ãŠé€ããç¡«é»ã¯ãããã250â300âãžå ç±ããã
ã®ã¡ã«ãã€ããããããžæ·»å ãããç¡«é»ãæ·»å ã
ããšH2Sã®çºçããããåŸã€ãŠæ³šæãå¿ èŠã§ã
ãããŸãã枩床ã¯ã¡ãœããšãŒãºã®åœ¢æãé¿ããã
ãã«300â以äžã«èª¿ç¯ããã°ãªããªãããã®æ¹æ³
ã¯æãŸããã®æãå°ããæ¹æ³ã®äžã€ã§ããããã
ã¯ãŸããããããé·æéé«æž©ã«ãããããã€ç¡«é»
ããŸãæçµçæç©äžã«å ¥ã蟌ãããã§ããã ããäžã€ã®æ¹æ³ã¯ããããçŽ300âã®æž©åºŠã«ä¿
ã¡ãªããçªçŽ ã§ä»¥ãŠã¹ããªããã³ã°ãè¡ãªãããš
ããæããäŸãã°ããããã®è»åç¹ã¯æ¬¡ã®æé ã«
åŸã€ãŠçªçŽ ã§ä»¥ãŠã¹ããªããã³ã°ãè¡ãªãããšã«
ãã€ãŠäžããããšãã§ããã300åïŒåã®æ¹ææ©
ãåããåå¿åšã«åæ¥çã®ïŒ¡â240ããããåå
å å¡«ãããåå¿åšåã³ãã®å 容ç©ã®æž©åºŠãé»æ°å
ç±ãã³ãã«ã䜿ã€ãŠ300âãžäžãããçªçŽ ãæ¹æ
ãããŠãããããã®äžã«ïŒç«æ¹ãã€ãŒãïŒæïŒã
ã³ãã»ãããïŒ63ïŒæïŒKgã»ãããïŒã®å²åã§
éããå¡é ç©è³ªãåå¿åšé éšã«ããé 管ãéããŠ
ææ°ããççŒããããïŒæéåŸãããããåå¿åš
ãããšãåºããã¡ãã©ãŒè»åç¹è£ 眮ïŒASTM 
â3104ïŒã䜿ã€ãŠè»åç¹ãçŽ250âã§ããããšã
枬å®ãããå€æ§ããã³ã³ã©ããœã³ã«ãŒãã³
ïŒASTM2416ïŒã81.0ã§ããããšã枬å®ãããã
ã¹ããªããã³ã°çšã¬ã¹ãšããŠéç±ã¹ããŒã ã§ä»¥ãŠ
ãã®åãæ¹æ³ãç¹°è¿ãããšãã§ããã é«è»åç¹ãããã¯å¹³è¡¡ãã©ãã·ãŠèžæºããŸã䜿
çšããããšã«ãã€ãŠã€ããããšãã§ããããã®ã
ããªè£ 眮ã«æŒãŠã¯ã液ç¶ã®ïŒ¡â240ããããäºç±
垯ã®äžã«ãã³ãã§ç§»éããããã§äŸçµŠåæããã©
ãã·ãŠæž©åºŠãžå ç±ãããå ç±çŽåŸãäŸçµŠåæãã
ã©ãã·ãŠåž¯ã®äžã«å ¥ããããã®åž¯åã¯ç空äžã®å€§
ãããŠååå ç±ããã容åšã§ãããããã§æ®çºå
ã¯æ¶²çžããéãããããèžæ°ãåçž®ãããå¡é é
管ãçµãŠååããäžæ¹ã液ç¶å¡åºç©ã¯åºã®éå£ã
ãæµåºãããŠæéããã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœ
ãšããŠäœ¿çšããã å€åœ¢ïŒ è«žå®æœäŸã¯åã«èª¬æçšã§ãããæ¬çºæãåçš®ã®
å€åœ¢åã³å€æŽãåãæãããããã¯åœæ¥çç·Žè ã«
ãšã€ãŠã¯æ¬é¡ãäžèªããããšã«ãã€ãŠæãããšãª
ãããšã¯ç解ãããã§ãããã
åããããã«ã¯ã36æéã«ãããå ç±ãµã€ã¯ã«ã
å¿ èŠãšãããããå ·äœçã«ããã°ããããã®ãã¢
ã€ããŒã¯çŽ152âïŒ306ãïŒã®æž©åºŠã§24æéä¿æ
ãã次ãã§301âïŒ574ãïŒãžæž©åºŠãäžããããã§
12æéä¿æããããšã«ãã€ãŠå®å®åãããã枩床
ãäžããããããæéãçãããšããã¢ã€ããŒã¯
溶èãã¯ãããããšã®å·¥çšäžã§èçãããé©åã«
åŠçããããšãã®ãã¢ã€ããŒã¯ããã1200â
ïŒ2192ãïŒãžçªçŽ é°å²æ°äžã§å ç±ããããšã«ãã€
ãŠçåããããâ410âVRããã€ãã€ãã«ãŒ
ãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒã®ç©ççæ§è³ªã¯ç¬¬è¡šã«ç€ºããã
第衚ã«ç€ºãéãARâ510âTFããã€ãã€ãã
ã¢ã€ããŒã®æ§è³ªãšã»ãŒçããããããã¯ããå£ã€
ãŠããã äžèšã®éããARâ510âTFãããã¯ä»ã®é«è»
åç¹ã®ãããææããã€ãã€ããã¢ã€ããŒã®ç©ºæ°
å®å®åã«æŒãŠã¯ããã¢ã€ããŒããŸããããåé§äœ
ã®ã¬ã©ã¹è»¢ç§»ç¹ããçŽïŒãã11âïŒ10ãã20ãïŒ
äœã枩床ãžå ç±ãããã®åŸçŽ50åã®æéã®åŸã«æ¬¡
ã«299â316âïŒ570â600ãïŒãžãã¢ã€ããŒãå®å®
åããããŸã§å ç±ããå Žåã«ã空æ°å®å®åãã¯ã
ãã«å¹æçã§ããããšãçºèŠãããã®ã§ãããã
ãã§ãããã¬ã©ã¹è»¢ç§»ç¹ãã¯ã¬ã©ã¹ç¶ç©è³ªãèšè¹
ä¿æ°ã®å€åãåãã枩床ã§ããããšãã«ã¯ããã¯
å¿åç·©åãšé¢é£ãããïœã枬å®ããã«ã¯ç±æ©æ¢°
çåæãé©åãªåææ³ã§ãããçšããæé ã¯ãã
ããã¢ã€ããŒã®å°éšåã磚ç ãããã0.25â³çŽåŸ
Ã0.125â³ïŒ6.3mmçŽåŸÃ3.2mmïŒã®ã«ããã®äžã«è©°ã
ãããšããæããåé圢ã®ãããŒãããã®è¡šé¢ãš
æ¥è§Šããã10ïœã®è·éããããããããŒãã®äŸµå ¥
ããè©Šæã10âïŒåã§çªçŽ é°å²æ°äžã§å ç±ãããš
ãã®æž©åºŠã®é¢æ°ãšããŠæž¬å®ãããã¬ã©ã¹è»¢ç§»æž©åºŠ
ããïŒâ11âïŒ10â20ãïŒäœã枩床ã«æŒãŠã¯ãã
ã¢ã€ããŒã¯ãã®ç¡¬ããä¿ã¡äžæ¹åæã«ãã®æž©åºŠã¯
æºè¶³ãã¹ãå®å®åããããããšã蚱容ããæé«æž©
床ã瀺ãããã®æž©åºŠã¯ãã¢ã€ããŒâãã¢ã€ããŒã®
èçããããåŸã枩床ããäœã枩床ã§ããããã¢
ã€ããŒããã®æž©åºŠã§ã¹ãã³ã圢æããã®ã«ååãª
æéã®éå ç±ããã®ã¡ã次ã«ãäžãã枩床ãé žå
ããããã¢ã€ããŒã®ã¬ã©ã¹è»¢ç§»æž©åºŠããäœããªã
ãããªé床ã§æž©åºŠãäžããããšãã§ãããã«ãŒã
ã³ãã¢ã€ããŒã®é žåäžã«ã¬ã©ã¹è»¢ç§»æž©åºŠãäžã
ããç±äžãäžã«ãã®æž©åºŠãã¬ã©ã¹è»¢ç§»æž©åºŠããïŒ
ãã11âïŒ10ãã20ãïŒäœãä¿ã€ããšã«ãã€ãŠã
ãã¢ã€ããŒã®æãŸãããªã溶èãããããªãããš
ãçºèŠãããã枩床ãäžãããšé žåé床ãå¢ãã
éã«å®å®åæéãçãããªãã äžèšã®è«žè¡šã«æŒãŠèªããããããã«ãARâ
510âTFããããã¢ã€ããŒã¯ïŒ¡â410âVRãã¢
ã€ããŒããããã€ãšçããæéã§å®å®åã§ããã
å®éã«ãå®å®åã«èŠããæéã¯ïŒ¡â410âVRã
ããããã€ãã€ããã¢ã€ããŒãããã»ãŒ25åé·
ãããã®å®å®åæéã®ççž®ã¯äžéšã«ã¯ããããã¢
ã€ããŒã®è»åç¹äžæã«åºå ããŠãããããã¯ãã¢
ã€ããŒããã€ãšé«ãåæå®å®å枩床ãžå ç±ããã
ããšãå¯èœã«ãããã®ã§ããããŸãå®è³ªçéšåãš
ããŠã¯ããäœãè»åç¹ã®ãããææããã®å Žåãš
æ¯ã¹ãåé§äœãããææç©è³ªã®åå¿æ§å¢å ã«åºå
ããŠããã äžèšã®éããå¡åžèèžçºåšã®äœ¿çšã¯çŸåšå¥œãŸã
ãæ¹æ³ã§ããããªããªãã°é«ãç±å¹çãé«æž©ãžã®
çæç©ã®é²åºãæžããããšã«é£ãããåŸã€ãŠç²åºŠ
ãããé«ãåæ£çžããªãã¡ã¡ãœããšãŒãºã®åœ¢æã
æå°åããããšã«ãªãããã§ããããã®ã¡ãœããš
ãŒãºã¯ãã¢ã€ããŒåœ¢æäœæ¥ã«æŒãŠå°é£ããããã
ãã€æçµè£œåãã¢ã€ããŒäžã«çµæçäžé£ç¶é åã
çããããããšã«ãªããã®ã§ããã å®å®åãµã€ã¯ã«ã®ççž®ã倧éšåããããææã®
ç°ãªãååŠççµæã«åºå ããããšã瀺ãããã«ã
次ã®ãã¹ããå®æœãããäºã€ã®ããããARâ
510âTFïŒå®éš1009ïŒåã³ïŒ¡â438âVRïŒå®éš
5053ïŒã®è©Šæãç²ç ããŠâ100ã¡ãã·ãŠïŒ200ã¡ã
ã·ãŠïŒããªãã¡â150ïŒ75ãã¯ãã³ïŒã§ç¯©ã«ããã
次ã«160âïŒ320ãïŒã182âïŒ360ãïŒãåã³190â
ïŒ375ãïŒã§åŸªç°ããç±ç©ºæ°äžã§å ç±ãããè©Šæã
16æéãš165æéã®éã®çš®ã ã®æéã§ãšãåºãã
è©Šæãééæžãšãã·ã¬ã³äžæº¶åã®äž¡æ¹ã«ã€ããŠå
æããããã·ã¬ã³äžæº¶å察æéãäžæ¬¡é¢ä¿ãšããŠ
ããããããããšã«ãã€ãŠé床ææ°ãèŠåºããã
ã®è©äŸ¡ããARâ510âTFïŒå®éš1009ïŒã¯ïŒ¡â430
âVRïŒå®éš5053ïŒããå®è³ªçã«æ©ãé žåããã
ãšãããããããèšç®ããé床ææ°ã¯çŽ25åæ©
ããå®éã®è©Šéšçµæãšåççã«ããçžé¢ãã姿ã§
ããã15ç§ä»¥äžã§ã€ãã€ãæ¬çºæã®é«è»åç¹ãã
ãã¯åŸæ¥ã®ããããããå®è³ªçã«ããé«ãåå¿æ§
ããã€ãŠããã å¡åžèèžçºä»¥å€ã®åçš®æ¹æ³ã掻æ§ã«æªã圱é¿ã
åãŒãããšãªããããã®è»åç¹ãå¢ãã®ã«äœ¿çšã
ãŠããã溶å€æœåºãé žåãçªçŽ ã«ããè¿œãåºãã
åã³ãã©ãã·ãŠèžæºããçšããŠãããåã ã®ç°¡å
ãªèª¬æãããã§è¡ãªãã é«è»åç¹ãããææãã€ããã®ã«äœ¿ããäžã€ã®
æ¹æ³ã¯æº¶å€æœåºã§ãããäžã€ã®æœåºæ¹æ³ã䜿çšã§
ããããããã¯(1)è¶ èšçïŒsupercriticalïŒæœåºã
(2)æ £çšçæœåºã(7)å溶å€æœåºã§ããããããã®æ¹
æ³ã¯ããããåãã枩床ã倧ãã«äžããåŸã€ãŠã
ãè¯å¥œãªãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœãæäŸãããæœåºã¯äœ
ååéç©è³ªãé€å»ãåŸã€ãŠé«è»åç¹é«ååéã®ã
ã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœãæ®çãããäžã€ã®æ¹æ³ã§ããã è¶ èšçæœåºã«æŒãŠã¯ãããããå§å容åšã®äžã«
ãã³ãã§éã蟌ã¿ããã§æº¶å€ã®èšçå§ä»¥äžã®å§å
ã§æº¶å€ã§é£ç¶çã«æœåºããããã®ç®çã«äœ¿çšãã
æ®éã®æº¶å€ã¯ãã«ãã«çåæ°ŽçŽ ã§ããããããã«
éå®ãããããšã¯ãªããå¯æº¶åããããããã®éš
åãšäžç·ã®æº¶å€ãäžé£ã®å§å段ééäžå®¹åšãžé€å»
ãããã§æº¶å€ããã©ãã·ãŠãããããããã®äžæº¶
éšåãåå¿åšã®åºãããšãåºãããã®äžæº¶éšåã
ãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœãšããŠäœ¿çšããããã®äžæº¶éšã®
è»åç¹ã¯æœåºãè¡ãªã枩床ãå€ããããšã«ãã€ãŠ
調ç¯ããã è¶ èšçæœåºã®äžã€ã®å©ç¹ã¯ãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœã
ããã粟補ããã®ã«äœ¿çšã§ããããšã§ããããã
ããç¡æ©è³ªäžçŽç©åã³ç²ç¶ç©ãå«ãããšã¯åã«è¿°
ã¹ããå°ããšã95ïŒ ã®ããããæœåºãã溶å€ãçš
ããããšã«ããç¡æ©è³ªäžçŽç©åã³ç²ç¶ç©ã¯ããã
ã®ïŒïŒ 以äžãæ§æããäžæº¶éšã®äžã«æ®ãåŸããã
ã®ç¬¬äžã®æœåºããåŸããããããã®å°ããšã95ïŒ
ã次ã«äžè¿°ã®éãè¶ èšççã«æœåºããŠç¡æ©è³ªäžçŽ
ç©åã³ç²ç¶ç©ãå«ãŸãªãé«è»åç¹ãããåé§äœã
çããããã 䜿çšã§ããæœåºã®ããäžã€ã®æ¹æ³ã¯å溶å€æœåº
ã§ããããã®æœåºæ¹æ³ãç¡æ©è³ªäžçŽç©åã³ç²ç¶ç©
ãå«ãŸãªããã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœããããã€ããã®ã«
䜿çšã§ãããåºçºããããã¯ãããã«ã ã®ãããª
溶å€ã«æº¶è§£ããããã¯ãããã®å°ããšã95ïŒ ã溶
解ããããã®ãããïŒã¯ãããã«ã 溶液ã次ã«å°
åã®ãã€ã«ã¿ãŒãéããŠéããããã®é段é
ã¯ç¡æ©è³ªäžçŽç©ãšç²ç¶ç©ãé€å»ããããããïŒã¯
ãããã«ã 溶液ã次ã«ããããã«å¯ŸããŠéå®ãã
ã溶解æ§ããã€ãã«ãã«çåæ°ŽçŽ ã®ãããªæº¶å€ã§
以ãŠçšéããããã«ãã«çåæ°ŽçŽ ãæ·»å ãããšã
äžæº¶ã®ããããæ²æŸ±ãã¯ãããããã«ãã«çåæ°Ž
çŽ ã®æ·»å å®äºåŸã溶液ãéãããéã«ãã€ãŠ
é€ãããäžæº¶éšåã¯ç¡æ©è³ªäžçŽç©åã³ç²ç¶ç©ãå«
ãŸãªãé«è»åç¹ãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœãããã§ããã
ãã®äžæº¶éšåã®è»åç¹ã¯ãããïŒã¯ãããã«ã 溶
液ãžã®ãã«ãã«çåæ°ŽçŽ ã®æ·»å éã«ãã€ãŠèª¿ç¯ã
ãã é«è»åç¹ãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœããããã€ããã®ã«
çšãåŸãããäžã€ã®æœåºæ¹æ³ã¯ç³æ²¹ç²Ÿè£œæ¥è ã®æº¶
å€è±ã¢ã¹ãã¢ã«ãã«æŒãŠäœ¿çšããããããªæ £çšç
溶å€æœåºã§ãããããããæœåºå®¹åšäžã§æœåºæº¶å€
ãçšããŠäžãããã枩床åã³å§åã«æŒãŠæœåºã
ãããã®ç®çã®ããã®éåžžã®æº¶å€ã¯ãã«ãã«çå
æ°ŽçŽ ã§ããããããã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã
å¯æº¶åããããããã®éšåãšäžç·ã®æº¶å€ããã©ã
ã·ãŠèžæºå®€ãžãšãåºãããã§æº¶å€ãé€ããããã
ã®äžæº¶éšåãæœåºåšã®åºãããšãåºãããã®äžæº¶
éšåã®è»åç¹ã¯æœåºæ¡ä»¶ã®ãã³ãããå€ããããš
ã«ãã€ãŠèª¿ç¯ããã é«è»åç¹ããããã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœãã€ããã®ã«
䜿çšããããšãã§ããããäžã€ã®æ¹æ³ã¯é žåã§ã
ããé žåã¯æ¥è§Šçã§ãã€ãŠãéæ¥è§Šçã§ãã€ãŠã
ãããããããé«æž©ã«ãããæéã¯ããããŠé·ã
ããæ é žåå€ã®æž©åºŠãé«ããªããããªããã泚æ
ãå¿ èŠã§ããã泚æãããããã°ã¡ãœããšãŒãºã
å«ãŸãªãããããã€ããããšãå¯èœã§ãããé žå
ã¯èžæºã«ãã€ãŠäœååéååãé€ãããããŠïŒãŸ
ãã¯ïŒããããåå¿ãããŠãã倧ããååã圢æ
ãããããšã«ãã€ãŠé€ãäž¡è ãå«ãæ¹æ³ã§ããã
é žåã¯åååŒåå¿ãé£ç¶åŒåå¿ã®ãããã§ããã
ãšãã§ããã ãããã¯250â300âã®æž©åºŠã«æŒãŠåååŒãé£ç¶
åŒã®é žååšäžã§é žåããããé žåçšã¬ã¹ã¯ç©ºæ°ã
é žçŽ ãå¢ãã空æ°ãNO2åã³SO2ã®ãããªã¬ã¹ã®
ã©ãã§ããããæãŸãããªãã¡ãœããšãŒãºã®åœ¢æ
ãé¿ããããã«é žååšã®æž©åºŠãçŽ300âããããª
ãããã«æ³šæããã°ãªããªãããã®æ¹æ³ã¯æãŸã
ãã®æãå°ããææ³ã®äžã€ã§ãããããããããª
ãã®é«æž©åºŠãžãããæéã倧ã§ã¡ãœããšãŒãºåœ¢æ
ã®å±éºãããããã§ãããé žåã¯ä»»æã®æ°ã®é žå
觊åªã®æ·»å ã«ãã€ãŠæ¥è§Šçã«å®æœããããšãã§ã
ãããããã®è§Šåªã¯FeCl3ãP2O5ãããŒãªããµã€
ããNa2CO3ããªã©ãå«ãã觊åªã¯ãŸããã¢ã€ã
ãŒå®å®åçšè§ŠåªãšããŠäœçšãåŸããšããç¹ã§å¥ã®
æ©èœãæããåŸããå®å®åã¯åçŽã«ã¯äžã€ã®é žå
å·¥çšã§ããã é«è»åç¹ãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœã補é ããã®ã«äœ¿çš
ã§ããããäžã€ã®æ¹æ³ã¯ããããšç¡«é»ãšã®åå¿ã§
ãããç¡«é»ã¯ãããã®ååãè±æ°ŽçŽ ã亀差çµåã
ãç¹ã«æŒãŠé žçŽ ãšå šãåãæ©èœãæãããç¡«é»ã¯
ãããŠãã¯å°ååããããåå¿ãããããšã«ãã€
ãŠé€ããç¡«é»ã¯ãããã250â300âãžå ç±ããã
ã®ã¡ã«ãã€ããããããžæ·»å ãããç¡«é»ãæ·»å ã
ããšH2Sã®çºçããããåŸã€ãŠæ³šæãå¿ èŠã§ã
ãããŸãã枩床ã¯ã¡ãœããšãŒãºã®åœ¢æãé¿ããã
ãã«300â以äžã«èª¿ç¯ããã°ãªããªãããã®æ¹æ³
ã¯æãŸããã®æãå°ããæ¹æ³ã®äžã€ã§ããããã
ã¯ãŸããããããé·æéé«æž©ã«ãããããã€ç¡«é»
ããŸãæçµçæç©äžã«å ¥ã蟌ãããã§ããã ããäžã€ã®æ¹æ³ã¯ããããçŽ300âã®æž©åºŠã«ä¿
ã¡ãªããçªçŽ ã§ä»¥ãŠã¹ããªããã³ã°ãè¡ãªãããš
ããæããäŸãã°ããããã®è»åç¹ã¯æ¬¡ã®æé ã«
åŸã€ãŠçªçŽ ã§ä»¥ãŠã¹ããªããã³ã°ãè¡ãªãããšã«
ãã€ãŠäžããããšãã§ããã300åïŒåã®æ¹ææ©
ãåããåå¿åšã«åæ¥çã®ïŒ¡â240ããããåå
å å¡«ãããåå¿åšåã³ãã®å 容ç©ã®æž©åºŠãé»æ°å
ç±ãã³ãã«ã䜿ã€ãŠ300âãžäžãããçªçŽ ãæ¹æ
ãããŠãããããã®äžã«ïŒç«æ¹ãã€ãŒãïŒæïŒã
ã³ãã»ãããïŒ63ïŒæïŒKgã»ãããïŒã®å²åã§
éããå¡é ç©è³ªãåå¿åšé éšã«ããé 管ãéããŠ
ææ°ããççŒããããïŒæéåŸãããããåå¿åš
ãããšãåºããã¡ãã©ãŒè»åç¹è£ 眮ïŒASTM 
â3104ïŒã䜿ã€ãŠè»åç¹ãçŽ250âã§ããããšã
枬å®ãããå€æ§ããã³ã³ã©ããœã³ã«ãŒãã³
ïŒASTM2416ïŒã81.0ã§ããããšã枬å®ãããã
ã¹ããªããã³ã°çšã¬ã¹ãšããŠéç±ã¹ããŒã ã§ä»¥ãŠ
ãã®åãæ¹æ³ãç¹°è¿ãããšãã§ããã é«è»åç¹ãããã¯å¹³è¡¡ãã©ãã·ãŠèžæºããŸã䜿
çšããããšã«ãã€ãŠã€ããããšãã§ããããã®ã
ããªè£ 眮ã«æŒãŠã¯ã液ç¶ã®ïŒ¡â240ããããäºç±
垯ã®äžã«ãã³ãã§ç§»éããããã§äŸçµŠåæããã©
ãã·ãŠæž©åºŠãžå ç±ãããå ç±çŽåŸãäŸçµŠåæãã
ã©ãã·ãŠåž¯ã®äžã«å ¥ããããã®åž¯åã¯ç空äžã®å€§
ãããŠååå ç±ããã容åšã§ãããããã§æ®çºå
ã¯æ¶²çžããéãããããèžæ°ãåçž®ãããå¡é é
管ãçµãŠååããäžæ¹ã液ç¶å¡åºç©ã¯åºã®éå£ã
ãæµåºãããŠæéããã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒåé§äœ
ãšããŠäœ¿çšããã å€åœ¢ïŒ è«žå®æœäŸã¯åã«èª¬æçšã§ãããæ¬çºæãåçš®ã®
å€åœ¢åã³å€æŽãåãæãããããã¯åœæ¥çç·Žè ã«
ãšã€ãŠã¯æ¬é¡ãäžèªããããšã«ãã€ãŠæãããšãª
ãããšã¯ç解ãããã§ãããã
第ïŒå³ã¯ã¢ãŒãã¶ã³ããŒããµãŒã åŒå¡åžèèžçº
åšã䜿çšããç³»ã®æš¡åå³ã§ããããããææã®è»
åç¹ãäžããããã®çæéé«æž©åŠçãè¡ããã®ã§
ããã第ïŒå³ã¯ããããã¢ã€ããŒã®å®å®åæäœã®
枩床ãšæéã®é¢ä¿ã瀺ãäžäŸã§ããã ïŒâŠâŠæº¶èã¿ã³ã¯ãïŒâŠâŠãŒãã¹ãã³ããïŒâŠ
âŠå¡åžèèžçºåšãïŒâŠâŠè²¯æ§œãïŒâŠâŠé 管ãïŒïŒ
âŠâŠé 管ãïŒïŒâŠâŠå°ç®¡ãïŒïŒâŠâŠé 管ãïŒïŒâŠ
âŠç空ãã³ããïŒïŒâŠâŠè£å©ç空ãã³ãã
åšã䜿çšããç³»ã®æš¡åå³ã§ããããããææã®è»
åç¹ãäžããããã®çæéé«æž©åŠçãè¡ããã®ã§
ããã第ïŒå³ã¯ããããã¢ã€ããŒã®å®å®åæäœã®
枩床ãšæéã®é¢ä¿ã瀺ãäžäŸã§ããã ïŒâŠâŠæº¶èã¿ã³ã¯ãïŒâŠâŠãŒãã¹ãã³ããïŒâŠ
âŠå¡åžèèžçºåšãïŒâŠâŠè²¯æ§œãïŒâŠâŠé 管ãïŒïŒ
âŠâŠé 管ãïŒïŒâŠâŠå°ç®¡ãïŒïŒâŠâŠé 管ãïŒïŒâŠ
âŠç空ãã³ããïŒïŒâŠâŠè£å©ç空ãã³ãã
Claims (1)
- ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã ïŒ ç³æ²¹çåã®æ¥è§Šå解ã§è£œé ãããé質ã¹ã©ãª
ãŒæ²¹ããåŸãããé žåãããŠããªãè³éŠææ§ççŽ
質ããããç空ãã©ãã·ãŠèžçåã¯å¡åžèèžçºã«
ãããŠè£œé ãããå®å®åæéãçãç³æ²¹ãããã§
ãã€ãŠããããäžã«ååšããæ°ŽçŽ ã®ã¢ã«æ°ãåºæº
ãšããŠçŽ20ã¢ã«ïŒ ããçŽ40ã¢ã«ïŒ ã®ã¢ã«ãã¢æ°ŽçŽ
ãå«ãè³éŠæåã®å€ãç³æ²¹ããããããªããå°ãª
ããšã244âã®è»åç¹ãçŽ15ééïŒ ããçŽ40éé
ïŒ ã®ãã·ã¬ã³äžæº¶åãçŽïŒééïŒ ããçŽ5.0éé
ïŒ ã®ãããªã³äžæº¶åãçŽ0.1ééïŒ ããçŽïŒéé
ïŒ ã®ç¡«é»å«æéã65ééïŒ ãã90ééïŒ ã®ã³ãŒã
ã³ã°å€ãåã³ïŒééïŒ ããçŽïŒééïŒ ã®ã¡ãœããš
ãŒãºå«éãæã€åèšç³æ²¹ããããããã¢ã€ããŒã
ã¡ã«ããããŒã«ãã圢æããããã®ãã¢ã€ããŒã
ãã®ã¬ã©ã¹è»¢ç§»æž©åºŠããïŒâãã11âäœã第äžã®
枩床ãžé žåç°å¢äžã§å ç±ãã次ãã§æž©åºŠãããé«
æž©ãžäžããŠãã¢ã€ããŒãäžèãšããããããŠãã®
åŸãã¢ã€ããŒãçåãããããšãããªããã«ãŒã
ã³ãã¢ã€ããŒã®è£œé æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ãã¢ã€ããŒã®çŽåŸãïŒãã¯ãã³åã¯ãããã
倧ãããè«æ±é ïŒèšèŒã®ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒã®è£œ
é æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ãããã®è»åç¹ãå°ãªããšã265âã§ããã
è«æ±é ïŒèšèŒã®è£œé æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ãããã®è»åç¹ãå°ãªããšã290âã§ããã
è«æ±é ïŒèšèŒã®è£œé æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ç¬¬äžã®æž©åºŠãçŽ175âã§ãããæé«ã®æž©åºŠã
285âãè¶ ãããè«æ±é ïŒèšèŒã®è£œé æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ç¬¬äžã®æž©åºŠãçŽ175âã§ãããåèšã®ããã
é«æž©ãã®æž©åºŠã300âãè¶ ãããè«æ±é ïŒèšèŒã®
補é æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ãã¢ã€ããŒãäžæŽ»æ§é°å²æ°äžã§çŽ1200âã®æž©
床ãžå ç±ããããšã«ãã€ãŠããšã§çåããããè«
æ±é ïŒèšèŒã®è£œé æ¹æ³ã ïŒ ãã¢ã€ããŒãäžæŽ»æ§é°å²æ°äžã§çŽ3000âã®æž©
床ãžå ç±ããããšã«ãã€ãŠããšã§é»éåãããã
è«æ±é ïŒèšèŒã®è£œé æ¹æ³ã ïŒ (a) ãã«ã³ãæ²¹ãã¹ã©ãªãŒæ²¹ãŸãã¯ä»ã®æ®æ²¹
ããèªå°ãããç³æ²¹ããããåŸãŠããã®ããã
ããã®äžã®æ°ŽçŽ ã®å šééãåºæºãšããŠçŽ20ïŒ ã
ã40ïŒ ã®ã¢ã«ãã¢æ°ŽçŽ ãšïŒïŒ ããçŽ15ïŒ ã®ããŒ
ã¿æ°ŽçŽ ååãšãå«ã¿ããã®ããããå°ãªããšã
244âã®è»åç¹ãçŽ15ééïŒ ããçŽ40ééïŒ ã®
ãã·ã¬ã³äžæº¶åãçŽïŒééïŒ ããçŽ5.0ééïŒ
ã®ãããªã³äžæº¶åãçŽ0.1ééïŒ ããçŽïŒéé
ïŒ ã®ç¡«é»å«æéãçŽ65ééïŒ ãã90ééïŒ ã®ã³
ãŒãã³ã°å€ãåã³çŽïŒééïŒ ããçŽïŒééïŒ ã®
ã¡ãœããšãŒãºå«éãæã¡ã (b) ãã®ããããã¡ã«ããããŒã«ãããã¢ã€ããŒ
ã圢æããåã³ (c) ãã®ãã¢ã€ããŒãçŽ100åããçãæéãçŽ
285âãè¶ ãã枩床ã§ç©ºæ°åã¯ãã®ä»ã®é žåäœ
ãšæ¥è§Šãããããšã«ãã€ãŠå®å®åãããã å段éã®çµã¿åãããããªããã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€
ããŒåã³ïŒåã¯ã°ã©ãã¢ã€ããã¢ã€ããŒãžå®¹æã«
転åãããåé§äœã§ããããããã¢ã€ããŒã®è£œé
æ¹æ³ã ïŒïŒ (a) å®è³ªçã«ãã¹ãŠã®ãã©ãã€ã³ãæµåæ¥
觊å解工çšã«ãããŠåã³ïŒåã¯æœåºã«ãã€ãŠé€
å»ããæž æŸãªã¹ã©ãªãŒæ²¹åã¯ãµã€ã¯ã«æ²¹ãç±ç
ã«åŠçããŠæ²žç¹ãçŽ315âãã540âã®è³éŠæç
åæ°ŽçŽ åã®å€ãæ²¹ã補é ãã (b) çŽ38.7âããçŽ126.7âã®è»åç¹ãæããç±
çã«å解ããç³æ²¹ããããã€ããã®ã«ååãªæž©
床ãšå§åã«ãããŠãã€ãååãªæéããã®é«è³
éŠæ質油ãç±çã«å解ãã (c) åèšå·¥çšã®çæç©ãçŽ0.1ããçŽ0.5ããŒã«ã§
çŽ710ãïŒ377âïŒã®æž©åºŠã«ãããŠçŽïŒç§ããçŽ
15ç§ã®ç¯å²ã®æéã®éãç空èžçã«ãããã åå·¥çšã®çµã¿åãããããªãæ¹æ³ã«ãã€ãŠäžèš
ãããã補é ãããè«æ±é ïŒèšèŒã®è£œé æ¹æ³ã
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US33144381A | 1981-12-14 | 1981-12-14 | |
US331443 | 1981-12-14 | ||
US446535 | 1982-12-03 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP4348937A Division JP2559191B2 (ja) | 1981-12-14 | 1992-12-28 | ã«ãŒãã³ãã¡ã€ããŒã®è£œé æ¹æ³ |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS62215017A JPS62215017A (ja) | 1987-09-21 |
JPH0380889B2 true JPH0380889B2 (ja) | 1991-12-26 |
Family
ID=23293994
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP21911682A Granted JPS58132079A (ja) | 1981-12-14 | 1982-12-14 | ã«âãã³ãã¢ã€ãâãšãã®åæã®è£œé æ¹æ³ |
JP30112686A Granted JPS62215017A (ja) | 1981-12-14 | 1986-12-17 | ã«âãã³ãã¢ã€ãâã®è£œé æ¹æ³ |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP21911682A Granted JPS58132079A (ja) | 1981-12-14 | 1982-12-14 | ã«âãã³ãã¢ã€ãâãšãã®åæã®è£œé æ¹æ³ |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (2) | JPS58132079A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA1177605A (ja) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0525712A (ja) * | 1981-12-14 | 1993-02-02 | Ashland Oil Inc | ã«ãŒãã³ãã¢ã€ããŒã®è£œé æ¹æ³ |
JPH0737691B2 (ja) * | 1984-11-27 | 1995-04-26 | ãŠããã«æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ããã系掻æ§çç¹ç¶ãããªãäžç¹åžã®è£œé æ¹æ³ |
US4816195A (en) * | 1985-07-30 | 1989-03-28 | Ashland Oil, Inc. | Process of making a loosely formed non-woven mat of aligned carbon fibers |
JPH0635580B2 (ja) * | 1985-11-18 | 1994-05-11 | äžè±åææ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ççŽ ç¹ç¶çšçŽ¡ç³žãããã®è£œé æ¹æ³ |
US7033485B2 (en) | 2001-05-11 | 2006-04-25 | Koppers Industries Of Delaware, Inc. | Coal tar and hydrocarbon mixture pitch production using a high efficiency evaporative distillation process |
JP2007070927A (ja) * | 2005-09-08 | 2007-03-22 | Miwa Lock Co Ltd | é«å§ç©ºæ°ã§é§åããé»æ°æé |
JP2007070929A (ja) * | 2005-09-08 | 2007-03-22 | Miwa Lock Co Ltd | éå§çž®æµäœã§é§åãããã€ãããã¥ãŒãããã¯æé |
JP2007070928A (ja) * | 2005-09-08 | 2007-03-22 | Miwa Lock Co Ltd | æã®ééåäœã§çºçãããé«å§ç©ºæ°ã§é§åããæåå Œé»æ°æé |
US11248172B2 (en) | 2019-07-23 | 2022-02-15 | Koppers Delaware, Inc. | Heat treatment process and system for increased pitch yields |
CN113817501B (zh) * | 2021-09-20 | 2022-12-30 | äžæµ·æ²¹å€©æŽ¥åå·¥ç 究讟计é¢æéå ¬åž | äžç§ç±åæ²¹ç产ç¯çãè³çåäžéŽçžæ²¥éåºç¢³çº€ç»Žçç»åå·¥èºæ¹æ³ |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5876523A (ja) * | 1981-10-29 | 1983-05-09 | Nippon Oil Co Ltd | ãããç³»ççŽ ç¹ç¶ã®è£œé æ¹æ³ |
-
1982
- 1982-12-08 CA CA000417287A patent/CA1177605A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-12-14 JP JP21911682A patent/JPS58132079A/ja active Granted
-
1986
- 1986-12-17 JP JP30112686A patent/JPS62215017A/ja active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5876523A (ja) * | 1981-10-29 | 1983-05-09 | Nippon Oil Co Ltd | ãããç³»ççŽ ç¹ç¶ã®è£œé æ¹æ³ |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS62215017A (ja) | 1987-09-21 |
JPS58132079A (ja) | 1983-08-06 |
CA1177605A (en) | 1984-11-13 |
JPH045710B2 (ja) | 1992-02-03 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4497789A (en) | Process for the manufacture of carbon fibers | |
US4402928A (en) | Carbon fiber production using high pressure treatment of a precursor material | |
US4277324A (en) | Treatment of pitches in carbon artifact manufacture | |
EP0044761B1 (en) | Process of preparation of a mesophase pitch for producing carbon fibers | |
JPH0258317B2 (ja) | ||
JPS62270685A (ja) | ã¡ãœãã§âãºãããã®è£œé æ³ | |
US4671864A (en) | Process for the manufacture of carbon fibers and feedstock therefor | |
GB2075049A (en) | Preparation of A Pitch for Carbon Artifact Manufacture | |
JPH0336869B2 (ja) | ||
JPH0380889B2 (ja) | ||
JP2980619B2 (ja) | çæ¹æ§ãããããã¡ãœãã§ãŒãºããããçæããæ¹æ³ | |
US4927620A (en) | Process for the manufacture of carbon fibers and feedstock therefor | |
US4503026A (en) | Spinnable precursors from petroleum pitch, fibers spun therefrom and method of preparation thereof | |
US4996037A (en) | Processes for the manufacture of enriched pitches and carbon fibers | |
JPS59196390A (ja) | ççŽ ç¹ç¶çšãããã®è£œé æ¹æ³ | |
JP2559191B2 (ja) | ã«ãŒãã³ãã¡ã€ããŒã®è£œé æ¹æ³ | |
JPS58196292A (ja) | ããªã¡ãœããšâã¹ççŽ è³ªã®è£œé æ¹æ³ | |
US5316654A (en) | Processes for the manufacture of enriched pitches and carbon fibers | |
KR100305372B1 (ko) | íìì¬ì ì ì¡°ì© ë±ë°©ì± íŒì¹ ë° ìŽì ì ì¡°ë°©ë² | |
JPS60240790A (ja) | ãšãã¬ã³ããâãšã³ãã®åŠçæ³ | |
EP0625178B1 (en) | Improved processes for the manufacture of enriched pitches and carbon fibers | |
JPS6126692A (ja) | ççŽ æçšãããã®è£œé æ³ | |
JPS60240791A (ja) | ãšãã¬ã³ããâãšã³ãã®åŠçæ¹æ³ | |
JPS6223084B2 (ja) | ||
JPH054999B2 (ja) |