JPH0341515B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0341515B2 JPH0341515B2 JP52119099A JP11909977A JPH0341515B2 JP H0341515 B2 JPH0341515 B2 JP H0341515B2 JP 52119099 A JP52119099 A JP 52119099A JP 11909977 A JP11909977 A JP 11909977A JP H0341515 B2 JPH0341515 B2 JP H0341515B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- mesophase
- pitch
- molecular weight
- fibers
- pitches
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 claims description 198
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000011302 mesophase pitch Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 89
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 10
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004054 acenaphthylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC2=CC=CC3=CC=CC1=C23)* 0.000 description 4
- HXGDTGSAIMULJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetnaphthylene Natural products C1=CC(C=C2)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 HXGDTGSAIMULJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011301 petroleum pitch Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001907 polarising light microscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000944 Soxhlet extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011294 coal tar pitch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011318 synthetic pitch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JBYLHICABMOUQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoroanthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(F)=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 JBYLHICABMOUQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002003 electron diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005088 metallography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013365 molecular weight analysis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011306 natural pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001029 thermal curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/32—Apparatus therefor
- D01F9/322—Apparatus therefor for manufacturing filaments from pitch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10C—WORKING-UP PITCH, ASPHALT, BITUMEN, TAR; PYROLIGNEOUS ACID
- C10C3/00—Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen
- C10C3/002—Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen by thermal means
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/145—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from pitch or distillation residues
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Working-Up Tar And Pitch (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/423,693 US4026788A (en) | 1973-12-11 | 1973-12-11 | Process for producing mesophase pitch |
| US05/423,717 US4032430A (en) | 1973-12-11 | 1973-12-11 | Process for producing carbon fibers from mesophase pitch |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5386717A JPS5386717A (en) | 1978-07-31 |
| JPH0341515B2 true JPH0341515B2 (sk) | 1991-06-24 |
Family
ID=27026104
Family Applications (4)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14122974A Pending JPS5089635A (sk) | 1973-12-11 | 1974-12-10 | |
| JP11909977A Granted JPS5386717A (en) | 1973-12-11 | 1977-10-05 | Manufacture of mesoophase pitch by using inert gas |
| JP11910077A Granted JPS5386718A (en) | 1973-12-11 | 1977-10-05 | Manufacture of mesoophase pitch by reduced pressure |
| JP3931178A Granted JPS5411330A (en) | 1973-12-11 | 1978-04-05 | Improled method for producing carbon fiber from meso phase pitch |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14122974A Pending JPS5089635A (sk) | 1973-12-11 | 1974-12-10 |
Family Applications After (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11910077A Granted JPS5386718A (en) | 1973-12-11 | 1977-10-05 | Manufacture of mesoophase pitch by reduced pressure |
| JP3931178A Granted JPS5411330A (en) | 1973-12-11 | 1978-04-05 | Improled method for producing carbon fiber from meso phase pitch |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (4) | JPS5089635A (sk) |
| DE (2) | DE2457970C3 (sk) |
| FR (1) | FR2253852B2 (sk) |
| GB (1) | GB1496678A (sk) |
| IT (1) | IT1046778B (sk) |
| NL (1) | NL173190C (sk) |
Families Citing this family (29)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4032607A (en) * | 1974-09-27 | 1977-06-28 | Union Carbide Corporation | Process for producing self-bonded webs of non-woven carbon fibers |
| US4209500A (en) | 1977-10-03 | 1980-06-24 | Union Carbide Corporation | Low molecular weight mesophase pitch |
| JPS5590621A (en) * | 1978-12-26 | 1980-07-09 | Kureha Chem Ind Co Ltd | Production of carbon fiber |
| US4219404A (en) * | 1979-06-14 | 1980-08-26 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Vacuum or steam stripping aromatic oils from petroleum pitch |
| US4317809A (en) * | 1979-10-22 | 1982-03-02 | Union Carbide Corporation | Carbon fiber production using high pressure treatment of a precursor material |
| JPS57154416A (en) * | 1981-03-12 | 1982-09-24 | Kureha Chem Ind Co Ltd | Preparation of carbon fiber having random mosaic cross-sectional structure |
| JPS6030363B2 (ja) * | 1981-06-15 | 1985-07-16 | 工業技術院長 | 炭素繊維の製造方法 |
| JPS581783A (ja) * | 1981-06-27 | 1983-01-07 | Nippon Steel Chem Co Ltd | ピツチの製造法 |
| JPS62161888A (ja) * | 1981-08-28 | 1987-07-17 | Toa Nenryo Kogyo Kk | 光学的異方性炭素質ピツチの製造方法 |
| JPS5893786A (ja) * | 1981-12-01 | 1983-06-03 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind Ltd | 小球体状メソフエ−ズ含有ピツチの製造方法 |
| JPS58134180A (ja) * | 1982-02-04 | 1983-08-10 | Kashima Sekiyu Kk | メソフエ−ズピツチの改良製造法 |
| JPS58134176A (ja) * | 1982-02-04 | 1983-08-10 | Kashima Sekiyu Kk | キヤリヤ−ガスを使用するメソフエ−ズピツチを含有するピツチの製造法 |
| JPS58134181A (ja) * | 1982-02-04 | 1983-08-10 | Kashima Sekiyu Kk | メソフエ−ズの連続製造法 |
| JPS58134179A (ja) * | 1982-02-04 | 1983-08-10 | Kashima Sekiyu Kk | メソフエ−ズピツチの製造法 |
| JPS58191222A (ja) * | 1982-04-30 | 1983-11-08 | Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc | ピッチ系炭素繊維の製造法 |
| FR2532322B1 (fr) * | 1982-08-24 | 1985-08-23 | Agency Ind Science Techn | Compositions de brai, procedes de preparation desdites compositions, filament de brai, procede de preparation dudit filament, fibre de carbone a base de brai et procede de preparation de ladite fibre de carbone |
| EP0128976A1 (en) * | 1983-06-16 | 1984-12-27 | Bargeco AG | Pontoon and floating body thereof |
| JPH0637725B2 (ja) * | 1985-01-19 | 1994-05-18 | 工業技術院長 | 炭素繊維の製法 |
| JPS61241391A (ja) * | 1985-12-26 | 1986-10-27 | Toa Nenryo Kogyo Kk | メソ相ピツチの製造方法 |
| JPS61241392A (ja) * | 1985-12-26 | 1986-10-27 | Toa Nenryo Kogyo Kk | メソ相ピツチの製造方法 |
| JPS61241390A (ja) * | 1985-12-26 | 1986-10-27 | Toa Nenryo Kogyo Kk | メソ相ピツチの製造方法 |
| CA1302934C (en) * | 1987-06-18 | 1992-06-09 | Masatoshi Tsuchitani | Process for preparing pitches |
| ATE62648T1 (de) * | 1988-05-14 | 1991-05-15 | Pro Mineral Ges | Verfahren zum aufbereiten von calciumsulfatalphahalbhydrat. |
| US5145616A (en) * | 1988-06-10 | 1992-09-08 | Teijin Limited | Process for the preparation of pitch-based carbon fiber |
| JPH0791698B2 (ja) * | 1988-06-10 | 1995-10-04 | 帝人株式会社 | ピッチ糸炭素繊維の製造法 |
| JPH0482272U (sk) * | 1990-11-28 | 1992-07-17 | ||
| WO2017217972A1 (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2017-12-21 | Stone, Richard | Turbulent mesophase pitch process and products |
| US11384288B2 (en) | 2019-03-20 | 2022-07-12 | Carbon Holdings Intellectual Properties, Llc | Using stimulus to convert coal to mesophase pitch and carbon fibers |
| US11525091B2 (en) | 2019-03-21 | 2022-12-13 | Carbon Holdings Intellectual Properties, Llc | Supercritical CO2 solvated process to convert coal to carbon fibers |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3787541A (en) * | 1971-10-26 | 1974-01-22 | L Grindstaff | Graphitization of mesophase pitch fibers |
| CA1019919A (en) | 1972-03-30 | 1977-11-01 | Leonard S. Singer | High modulus, high strength carbon fibers produced from mesophase pitch |
| JPS5842708B2 (ja) * | 1977-06-07 | 1983-09-21 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 電動機 |
-
1974
- 1974-12-07 DE DE19742457970 patent/DE2457970C3/de not_active Expired
- 1974-12-07 DE DE19742462369 patent/DE2462369C2/de not_active Expired
- 1974-12-10 NL NL7416071A patent/NL173190C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-12-10 FR FR7440553A patent/FR2253852B2/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-12-10 GB GB5325174A patent/GB1496678A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-12-10 JP JP14122974A patent/JPS5089635A/ja active Pending
- 1974-12-10 IT IT5445174A patent/IT1046778B/it active
-
1977
- 1977-10-05 JP JP11909977A patent/JPS5386717A/ja active Granted
- 1977-10-05 JP JP11910077A patent/JPS5386718A/ja active Granted
-
1978
- 1978-04-05 JP JP3931178A patent/JPS5411330A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5411330A (en) | 1979-01-27 |
| DE2462369A1 (de) | 1977-01-27 |
| NL7416071A (nl) | 1975-06-13 |
| DE2462369C2 (de) | 1984-05-17 |
| NL173190B (nl) | 1983-07-18 |
| FR2253852A2 (sk) | 1975-07-04 |
| DE2457970A1 (de) | 1975-06-19 |
| DE2457970B2 (de) | 1977-07-21 |
| FR2253852B2 (sk) | 1978-10-20 |
| GB1496678A (en) | 1977-12-30 |
| IT1046778B (it) | 1980-07-31 |
| NL173190C (nl) | 1983-12-16 |
| DE2457970C3 (de) | 1978-03-09 |
| JPS5089635A (sk) | 1975-07-18 |
| JPS5386718A (en) | 1978-07-31 |
| JPS5537611B2 (sk) | 1980-09-29 |
| JPH0233755B2 (sk) | 1990-07-30 |
| JPS5386717A (en) | 1978-07-31 |
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