JP7000591B2 - 二次電池 - Google Patents
二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7000591B2 JP7000591B2 JP2020548250A JP2020548250A JP7000591B2 JP 7000591 B2 JP7000591 B2 JP 7000591B2 JP 2020548250 A JP2020548250 A JP 2020548250A JP 2020548250 A JP2020548250 A JP 2020548250A JP 7000591 B2 JP7000591 B2 JP 7000591B2
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- secondary battery
- battery according
- opening
- receiving surface
- electrolytic solution
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- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 31
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 19
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 cobalt oxyhydroxide Chemical compound 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 4
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001869 cobalt compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002816 nickel compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel zinc Chemical compound [Ni].[Zn] QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229960001296 zinc oxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000007088 Archimedes method Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021503 Cobalt(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002640 NiOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OSOVKCSKTAIGGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ni].OOO Chemical compound [Ni].OOO OSOVKCSKTAIGGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASKVAEGIVYSGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Co+2] ASKVAEGIVYSGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000483 nickel oxide hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical class [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
- H01M10/26—Selection of materials as electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/70—Arrangements for stirring or circulating the electrolyte
- H01M50/73—Electrolyte stirring by the action of gas on or in the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/049—Processes for forming or storing electrodes in the battery container
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
- H01M10/28—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
- H01M10/30—Nickel accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/52—Removing gases inside the secondary cell, e.g. by absorption
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
- H01M4/244—Zinc electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
- H01M4/32—Nickel oxide or hydroxide electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/102—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/103—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/138—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery adapted for specific cells, e.g. electrochemical cells operating at high temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/70—Arrangements for stirring or circulating the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/70—Arrangements for stirring or circulating the electrolyte
- H01M50/77—Arrangements for stirring or circulating the electrolyte with external circulating path
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4214—Arrangements for moving electrodes or electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0002—Aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0014—Alkaline electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Filling, Topping-Up Batteries (AREA)
Description
図1は、第1の実施形態に係る二次電池の概略を示す図である。図1に示す二次電池1は、容器17を備える。容器17は凹部10を有している。凹部10は、電解液6を貯留することができる。電解液6中には、正極2と、負極3と、隔膜4,5が配されている。凹部10は、発電、充電が行われるスペースまたは空間である、以下では、凹部10は、反応部10ともいう。なお、電解液6には、粉末7が添加されていてもよい。
負極:[Zn(OH)4]2- + 2e- → Zn +4OH-
図4~6は、第2の実施形態に係る二次電池の概略を示す図である。図4~6に示す二次電池1Aは、凸部材31に代えて庇部材30を備える点で第1の実施形態に係る二次電池1と相違する。なお、図4は、第2の実施形態に係る二次電池の概略を示す図である。図5は、第2の実施形態に係る二次電池が備える庇部材の概略を示す上面図である。図6は、第2の実施形態に係る二次電池が備える庇部材の概略を示す断面図である。図5は、図4に示す二次電池1Aが有する反応部10を、上板18側から平面視したものに相当する。また、図6は、図5に示す庇部材30を、吐出口9bの中心を通るZX平面で断面視したものに相当する。
図7は、第2の実施形態の第1変形例に係る二次電池が備える庇部材の概略を示す断面図である。図7に示す庇部材30は、吐出口9bが、基端30eからX軸正方向側に離れて配置されている。これにより、吐出口9bから吐出された気体が基端部36および基端30eで阻害されることなく、吐出口9bの形状に応じた気泡8をより確実に発生させることができる。また、庇部材30の組み付け工程における位置ずれが生じた場合であっても、製造不良による歩留まりの低下を低減することができる。
図8A~図8Cは、第2の実施形態の第2変形例に係る二次電池が備える庇部材の概略を示す断面図である。図8A~図8Cに示す庇部材30はそれぞれ、図7に示す庇部材30を、吐出口9bの中心を通るYZX平面で断面視したものに相当する。図8Aに示す庇部材30は、受け面32aが上に凸の曲面を有する。また、図8B、図8Cに示す庇部材30は、平面視で吐出口9bと重なる部分から受け面32b、32cの端部側へ延びるU字状またはV字状の溝部37をそれぞれ有する。このように受け面の形状を加工することにより、気泡8が受け面に滞留しにくくなり、気泡8の滞留に伴う気泡8の浮上速度のばらつきを低減することができる。なお、受け面の形状は、図示したものに限られず、例えば、図8Aの受け面32aに、図8Bまたは図8Cに示す溝部37を設けてもよい。
図9A~図9Cは、第2の実施形態の第3~第5変形例に係る二次電池が備える庇部材の概略を示す断面図である。図9Aに示す庇部材30は、空間33が上下方向だけでなく、Y軸方向の両側においても挟まれている。これにより、電解液6中を浮上する気泡8のY軸方向の位置精度がさらに向上する。
上記した実施形態では、庇部材30の受け面32は、平面視で吐出口9bの全体と重なるように配置されているとして説明したが、これに限らない。図10A、図10Bは、第2の実施形態の第6、第7変形例に係る二次電池が備える庇部材の概略を示す断面図である。
図11は、第3の実施形態に係る二次電池の概略を示す図である。図11に示す二次電池1Bは、第2の実施形態に係る庇部材30に代えて発生部材40を備える点で他の実施形態に係る二次電池1と相違する。
2 正極
3,3a,3b 負極
4,5 隔膜
6 電解液
7 粉末
8 気泡
9 発生部
9a 連通孔
9b 吐出口
10 反応部
14 供給部
17 容器
30 庇部材
40 発生部材
Claims (15)
- 底面に開口を有する容器と、
前記容器内に配された電解液と、
前記電解液中に配された正極及び負極と、
前記容器に前記開口を介して接続されているとともに、前記開口を通じて前記容器に気泡を発生させる発生部を有した、前記電解液を流動させる流動機構と、を備え、
前記底面には、前記開口の縁部に位置して、上下方向に延びている凸部が配されていることを特徴とする二次電池。 - 前記凸部と、前記凸部の先端部に配されて平面視で前記開口と重なる受け面と、を有した庇部材を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の二次電池。
- 前記受け面は、平面視で前記開口の周縁部から中心までの領域と重なることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の二次電池。
- 前記受け面の端部から前記開口までの水平方向の長さは、前記開口の直径以上であることを特徴とする請求項2または3に記載の二次電池。
- 前記受け面の端部から前記開口までの水平方向の長さは、前記開口の直径の3倍以下であることを特徴とする請求項2~4のいずれか1つに記載の二次電池。
- 前記受け面と前記庇部材の設置面との間に挟まれた空間を前記受け面の幅方向から側面視した面積は、前記開口の直径の10倍以上であることを特徴とする請求項2~5のいずれか1つに記載の二次電池。
- 前記受け面は、前記開口側から前記受け面の端部側へ向けて上り傾斜の傾斜面を有することを特徴とする請求項2~6のいずれか1つに記載の二次電池。
- 前記傾斜面の角度θ1は、0°<θ1≦30°であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の二次電池。
- 前記受け面は、平面視で前記開口と重なる部分から前記受け面の端部側へ延びる上に凸の曲面を有することを特徴とする請求項7または8に記載の二次電池。
- 前記受け面は、平面視で前記開口と重なる部分から前記受け面の端部側へ延びる溝部を有することを特徴とする請求項7または8に記載の二次電池。
- 前記庇部材は、平面視で前記正極と前記負極との間に配置され、
前記受け面は、前記負極の幅方向に沿って延在することを特徴とする請求項2~10のいずれか1つに記載の二次電池。 - 前記受け面は、前記負極の幅方向に複数配置され、
前記開口は、前記受け面ごとにそれぞれ配置されることを特徴とする請求項2~11のいずれか1つに記載の二次電池。 - 前記開口は、0°以上の俯角の方向に気体を吐出することを特徴とする請求項2~12のいずれか1つに記載の二次電池。
- 前記凸部は、前記底面に接続した底部の水平方向の長さが、先端部の水平方向の長さよりも小さくなっていることを特徴とする請求項1~13のいずれか1つに記載の二次電池。
- 亜鉛を含み、前記電解液中を移動可能に混在する粉末
をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1~14のいずれか1つに記載の二次電池。
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